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In psychology, jamais vu (/ˌʒæmeɪ ˈvuː/ ZHAM-ay VOO, US: /ˌʒɑːm-/ ZHAHM-, French: [ʒamɛ vy]), a French loanword meaning "never seen", is the phenomenon of experiencing a situation that one recognizes in some fashion, but that nonetheless seems novel and unfamiliar.

Overview

Jamais vu involves a sense of eeriness and the observer’s impression of experiencing something for the first time, despite rationally knowing that they have experienced it before.^[1]

Jamais vu is commonly explained as when a person momentarily does not recognize a word or, less commonly, a person or place, that they already know.^[2] Jamais vu is sometimes associated with certain types of aphasia, amnesia, and epilepsy.

The phenomenon is often grouped with déjà vu and presque vu (tip of the tongue, literally "almost seen").^[3] It is generally a rare phenomenon.^[4]

Experiment

A study by Chris Moulin of Leeds University asked 92 volunteers to write out "door" 30 times in 60 seconds. In July 2006, at the 4th International Conference on Memory in Sydney, he reported that 68 percent of volunteers showed symptoms of jamais vu, such as beginning to doubt that "door" was a real word. Moulin believes that a similar brain fatigue underlies some symptoms of schizophrenia and Capgras delusion. Moulin suggests that people with these conditions could be suffering from chronic jamais vu.^[2]

Causes

Jamais vu can be caused by epileptic seizures.^[5]^[1]

Related phenomena

Déjà vu: having the strong sensation that an event or experience being experienced, has already been experienced in the past, whether it has actually happened or not. In French, this means 'already seen'.
Tip of the tongue: almost, but not quite, remembering something.

References

^ ^a ^b Larner, A. J. (12 November 2010). A Dictionary of Neurological Signs. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 199. ISBN 978-1-4419-7095-4.
^ ^a ^b "Health & Medical News – Is it really you or jamais vu?". ABC.net.au. Retrieved 2 June 2015.
^ Blom, Jan Dirk (8 December 2009). A Dictionary of Hallucinations. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4419-1223-7.
^ Brown, Alan S.; Marsh, Elizabeth J. (1 January 2010), Ross, Brian H. (ed.), "Chapter 2 - Digging into Déjà Vu: Recent Research on Possible Mechanisms", Psychology of Learning and Motivation, The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory, vol. 53, Academic Press, pp. 33–62, doi:10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53002-0, retrieved 29 January 2024
^ "Epilepsy and seizure information for patients and health professionals – Simple Partial Seizures", retrieved 2011-09-08

Sno, Herman N. (2000). "Déjà vu and jamais vu". In Berrios, German E.; Hodges, John R. (eds.). Memory Disorders in Psychiatric Practice. Cambridge University Press. pp. 338–347. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511530197.016. ISBN 978-0-521-57671-0.
Cheng, Lionel Tim-Ee; Chan, Lai Peng; Tan, Ban Hock; Chen, Robert Chun; Tay, Kiang Hiong; Ling, Moi Lin; Tan, Bien Soo (June 2020). "Déjà Vu or Jamais Vu? How the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Experience Influenced a Singapore Radiology Department's Response to the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic". American Journal of Roentgenology. 214 (6): 1206–1210. doi:10.2214/AJR.20.22927. PMID 32130047. S2CID 212417312.
Burwell, Rebecca D; Templer, Victoria L (September 2017). "Jamais vu all over again". Nature Neuroscience. 20 (9): 1194–1196. doi:10.1038/nn.4625. PMC 6101242. PMID 28849788.
Moulin, Chris J. A.; Bell, Nicole; Turunen, Merita; Baharin, Arina; O’Connor, Akira R. (9 August 2021). "The the the the induction of jamais vu in the laboratory: word alienation and semantic satiation". Memory. 29 (7): 933–942. doi:10.1080/09658211.2020.1727519. hdl:10023/21466. PMID 32079491. S2CID 211231684.
"Jamais Vu". The Deja Vu Experience. 2004. pp. 115–124. doi:10.4324/9780203485446-13. ISBN 978-0-203-48544-6.
Struck, Terry H. (June 2002). "Jamais vu episodes in relationship to baclofen treatment: A case report". Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 83 (6): 846–849. doi:10.1053/apmr.2002.32828. PMID 12048665.
Marcial, Dennis (9 September 2016). "Jamais Vu". The Quiet Corner Interdisciplinary Journal. 1 (2).
Ullian, John A.; Matson, Christine C. (March 2001). "The 'Jamais-vu Phenomenon' in Medical Education". Academic Medicine. 76 (3): 217. doi:10.1097/00001888-200103000-00004. PMID 11242567.

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[:1-1] Larner, A. J. (12 November 2010). A Dictionary of Neurological Signs. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 199. ISBN 978-1-4419-7095-4.

[study-2] "Health & Medical News – Is it really you or jamais vu?". ABC.net.au. Retrieved 2 June 2015.

[3] Blom, Jan Dirk (8 December 2009). A Dictionary of Hallucinations. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-1-4419-1223-7.

[:0-4] Brown, Alan S.; Marsh, Elizabeth J. (1 January 2010), Ross, Brian H. (ed.), "Chapter 2 - Digging into Déjà Vu: Recent Research on Possible Mechanisms", Psychology of Learning and Motivation, The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory, vol. 53, Academic Press, pp. 33–62, doi:10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53002-0, retrieved 29 January 2024

[5] "Epilepsy and seizure information for patients and health professionals – Simple Partial Seizures", retrieved 2011-09-08

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{short description|Phenomenon of experiencing a situation that one recognizes in some fashion, but nonetheless seems very unfamiliar}}
+{{Short description|Phenomenon in psychology}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
-{{Italic title|reason=.}}
+{{Italic title}}
+{{wikt}}{{About|the psychological term|the song by [[BTS]]|Map of the Soul: Persona{{!}}''Map of the Soul: Persona''}}
-{{wikt}}
-In [[psychology]], '''''jamais vu''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|ʒ|æ|m|eɪ|_|ˈ|v|uː}} {{respell|ZHAM|ay|_|VOO}}, {{IPAc-en|US|ˌ|ʒ|ɑː|m|-}} {{respell|ZHAHM|-}}, {{IPA-fr|ʒamɛ vy|lang}}), a [[French language|French]] borrowing meaning "never seen", is the [[phenomenon]] of experiencing a situation that one recognizes in some fashion, but that nonetheless seems novel and unfamiliar.
+In [[psychology]], '''''jamais vu''''' ({{IPAc-en|ˌ|ʒ|æ|m|eɪ|_|ˈ|v|uː}} {{respell|ZHAM|ay|_|VOO}}, {{IPAc-en|US|ˌ|ʒ|ɑː|m|-}} {{respell|ZHAHM|-}}, {{IPA|fr|ʒamɛ vy|lang}}), a [[French language|French]] [[loanword]] meaning "never seen", is the [[phenomenon]] of experiencing a situation that one recognizes in some fashion, but that nonetheless seems novel and unfamiliar.
 ==Overview==
+''Jamais vu'' involves a sense of eeriness and the observer’s impression of experiencing something for the first time, despite rationally knowing that they have experienced it before.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Larner |first=A. J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mY-6eweiQm8C |title=A Dictionary of Neurological Signs |date=2010-11-12 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4419-7095-4 |pages=199 |language=en}}</ref>
-The opposite of ''[[déjà vu]]'', ''jamais vu'' involves an eerie, creepy and haunting sense where the observer feels like something is unfamiliar to them when they clearly know it should be familiar to them. ''Jamais vu'' can be associated with certain types of [[aphasia]], [[amnesia]], and [[epilepsy]].
-''Jamais vu'' is most commonly experienced when a person momentarily does not recognise a word or, less commonly, a person or place, that they know.<ref name="study" /> This can be achieved by anyone by repeatedly writing [[Semantic satiation|or saying a specific word out loud]]. After a few seconds one will often, despite knowing that it is a real word, feel as if "there's no way it is an actual word".
+''Jamais vu'' is commonly explained as when a person momentarily does not recognize a word or, less commonly, a person or place, that they already know.<ref name="study" /> ''Jamais vu'' is sometimes associated with certain types of [[aphasia]], [[amnesia]], and [[epilepsy]].
+The phenomenon is often grouped with ''[[déjà vu]]'' and ''[[presque vu]]'' (''[[tip of the tongue]]'', literally "almost seen").<ref>{{Cite book |last=Blom |first=Jan Dirk |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KJtQptBcZloC&dq=presque+vu&pg=PA422 |title=A Dictionary of Hallucinations |date=2009-12-08 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-1-4419-1223-7 |language=en}}</ref> It is generally a rare phenomenon.<ref name=":0">{{Citation |last1=Brown |first1=Alan S. |title=Chapter 2 - Digging into Déjà Vu: Recent Research on Possible Mechanisms |date=2010-01-01 |work=Psychology of Learning and Motivation |volume=53 |pages=33–62 |editor-last=Ross |editor-first=Brian H. |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0079742110530020 |access-date=2024-01-29 |series=The Psychology of Learning and Motivation: Advances in Research and Theory |publisher=Academic Press |last2=Marsh |first2=Elizabeth J.|doi=10.1016/S0079-7421(10)53002-0 }}</ref>
-The phenomenon is often grouped with ''[[déjà vu]]'' and [[tip of the tongue|''presque vu'']] (''tip of the tongue'', literally "almost seen").
-Theoretically, a ''jamais vu'' feeling in a sufferer of a [[delirium|delirious]] disorder or intoxication could result in a delirious explanation of it, such as in [[Capgras delusion]], in which the patient takes a person they know for a false [[Look-alike|double]] or impostor. If the impostor is the sufferer themselves, the clinical setting would be the same as the one described as [[depersonalization]]; hence, ''jamais vus'' of oneself, or of the very "reality of reality", are termed [[depersonalization]] and [[derealization]], respectively.
 ===Experiment===
-A study by [[Chris Moulin]] of Leeds University asked 92 volunteers to write out "door" 30 times in 60 seconds. In July 2006 at the 4th International Conference on Memory in Sydney he reported that 68 percent of volunteers showed symptoms of ''jamais vu'', such as beginning to doubt that "door" was a real word. Dr Moulin believes that a similar brain fatigue underlies a phenomenon observed in some schizophrenia patients: that a familiar person has been replaced by an impostor. Dr Moulin suggests they could be suffering from chronic ''jamais vu''.<ref name="study" />{{Failed verification|date=March 2020}}
+A study by [[Chris Moulin]] of Leeds University asked 92 volunteers to write out "door" 30 times in 60 seconds. In July 2006, at the 4th International Conference on Memory in Sydney, he reported that 68 percent of volunteers showed symptoms of ''jamais vu'', such as beginning to doubt that "door" was a real word. Moulin believes that a similar brain fatigue underlies some symptoms of schizophrenia and [[Capgras delusion]]. Moulin suggests that people with these conditions could be suffering from chronic ''jamais vu''.<ref name="study" />
 ==Causes==
-''Jamais vu'' can be caused by [[epileptic seizure]]s.<ref>[http://www.epilepsy.com/Epilepsy/seizure_simplepartial "Epilepsy and seizure information for patients and health professionals – Simple Partial Seizures", retrieved 2011-09-08]</ref>
+''Jamais vu'' can be caused by [[epileptic seizure]]s.<ref>[http://www.epilepsy.com/Epilepsy/seizure_simplepartial "Epilepsy and seizure information for patients and health professionals – Simple Partial Seizures", retrieved 2011-09-08]</ref><ref name=":1" />
 == Related phenomena ==
@@ Line 27: / Line 25: @@
 *[[Capgras delusion]] (the delusion that a friend or relative is an impostor)
 *[[Cryptomnesia]]
-*[[Depersonalization disorder]]
+*[[Depersonalization-derealization disorder|Depersonalization derealization disorder]]
 *[[Derealization]]
 *[[Mandela effect]]
@@ Line 39: / Line 37: @@
 ==Further reading==
 * {{cite book |last1=Sno |first1=Herman N. |chapter=Déjà vu and jamais vu |pages=338–347 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ksr36XYr8t4C&pg=PA338 |doi=10.1017/CBO9780511530197.016 |editor1-last=Berrios |editor1-first=German E. |editor2-last=Hodges |editor2-first=John R. |title=Memory Disorders in Psychiatric Practice |date=2000 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-57671-0 }}
-* {{cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=Lionel Tim-Ee |last2=Chan |first2=Lai Peng |last3=Tan |first3=Ban Hock |last4=Chen |first4=Robert Chun |last5=Tay |first5=Kiang Hiong |last6=Ling |first6=Moi Lin |last7=Tan |first7=Bien Soo |title=Déjà Vu or Jamais Vu? How the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Experience Influenced a Singapore Radiology Department's Response to the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic |journal=American Journal of Roentgenology |date=June 2020 |volume=214 |issue=6 |pages=1206–1210 |doi=10.2214/AJR.20.22927 |pmid=32130047 |s2cid=212417312 }}
+* {{cite journal |last1=Cheng |first1=Lionel Tim-Ee |last2=Chan |first2=Lai Peng |last3=Tan |first3=Ban Hock |last4=Chen |first4=Robert Chun |last5=Tay |first5=Kiang Hiong |last6=Ling |first6=Moi Lin |last7=Tan |first7=Bien Soo |title=Déjà Vu or Jamais Vu? How the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Experience Influenced a Singapore Radiology Department's Response to the Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Epidemic |journal=American Journal of Roentgenology |date=June 2020 |volume=214 |issue=6 |pages=1206–1210 |doi=10.2214/AJR.20.22927 |pmid=32130047 |s2cid=212417312 |doi-access=free }}
 * {{cite journal |last1=Burwell |first1=Rebecca D |last2=Templer |first2=Victoria L |title=Jamais vu all over again |journal=Nature Neuroscience |date=September 2017 |volume=20 |issue=9 |pages=1194–1196 |doi=10.1038/nn.4625 |pmid=28849788 |pmc=6101242 }}
 * {{cite journal |last1=Moulin |first1=Chris J. A. |last2=Bell |first2=Nicole |last3=Turunen |first3=Merita |last4=Baharin |first4=Arina |last5=O’Connor |first5=Akira R. |title={{Not a typo|Th|e the}} {{Not a typo|th|e the}} induction of jamais vu in the laboratory: word alienation and semantic satiation |journal=Memory |date=9 August 2021 |volume=29 |issue=7 |pages=933–942 |doi=10.1080/09658211.2020.1727519 |pmid=32079491 |hdl=10023/21466 |s2cid=211231684 |hdl-access=free }}
@@ Line 47: / Line 45: @@
 * {{cite journal |last1=Ullian |first1=John A. |last2=Matson |first2=Christine C. |title=The 'Jamais-vu Phenomenon' in Medical Education |journal=Academic Medicine |date=March 2001 |volume=76 |issue=3 |pages=217 |doi=10.1097/00001888-200103000-00004 |pmid=11242567 |doi-access=free }}
-[[Category:French words and phrases]]
 [[Category:Perception]]
 [[Category:Semiotics]]