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{{Short description|Prime Minister of Italy from February to October 1922}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox Prime Minister
{{Infobox Prime Minister
| name = Luigi Facta
| name = Luigi Facta
| image = Luigi Facta photo.jpg
| image = Luigi Facta 1922.jpg
| order = [[Prime Minister of Italy]]
| caption = Facta in 1922
| monarch = [[Victor Emmanuel III of Italy|Victor Emmanuel III]]
| order = [[Prime Minister of Italy]]
| monarch = [[Victor Emmanuel III of Italy|Victor Emmanuel III]]
| term_start = 26 July 1922
| term_end = 31 October 1922
| term_start = 26 February 1922
| term_end = 28 October 1922
| predecessor = [[Ivanoe Bonomi]]
| successor = [[Benito Mussolini]]
| predecessor = [[Ivanoe Bonomi]]
| successor = [[Benito Mussolini]]
⚫
| birth_date = {{birth date|1861|11|16|df=y}}
| order2 = Member of the [[Senate of the Kingdom of Italy|Senate of the Kingdom]]
⚫
| death_date = {{death date and age|1930|11|5|1861|11|16|df=y}}
| term_start2 = 18 September 1924
⚫
| birth_place = [[Pinerolo]], [[Kingdom of Italy]]
| term_end2 = 5 November 1930
⚫
| death_place = Pinerolo, Kingdom of Italy
| appointer2 = Victor Emmanuel III
⚫
| party = [[Italian Liberal Party]] (1922–1926)
⚫
| birth_date = {{birth date|1861|11|16|df=y}}
⚫
| otherparty = [[Historical Right]] (1892–1913)<br>[[Liberal Union (Italy)|Liberal Union]] (1913–1922)
⚫
| death_date = {{death date and age|1930|11|5|1861|11|16|df=y}}
⚫
| birth_place = [[Pinerolo]], [[Kingdom of Italy]]
⚫
| death_place = Pinerolo, Kingdom of Italy
⚫
| party = [[Italian Liberal Party]] (1922–1926)
⚫
| otherparty = [[Historical Right]] (1892–1913)<br>[[Liberal Union (Italy)|Liberal Union]] (1913–1922)
}}
}}
⚫
'''Luigi Facta''' (16 November 1861 – 5 November 1930) was an Italian politician, journalist and the last [[Prime Minister of Italy]] before the leadership of [[Benito Mussolini]].


⚫
'''Luigi Facta''' (16 November 1861 – 5 November 1930) was an Italian politician, lawyer and journalist and the last [[prime minister of Italy]] before the dictatorship of [[Benito Mussolini]].
⚫
Facta was born in [[Pinerolo]], Piedmont, Italy. He studied law and later became a journalist. He entered politics in 1892 when he was elected to the [[Italian Chamber of Deputies|chamber of deputies]] for Pinerolo, a seat which he held for 30 years. Facta, a member of the Liberal Party, served as undersecretary of the justice and interior departments in the coalition cabinet for much of his time in Parliament. He was also the [[Italian Minister of Finance]] from 1910 until 1914 and 1920 until 1921. At the outbreak of [[World War I]], Facta supported [[neutral country|neutrality]] for Italy, but then supported the war when Italy entered it. His son was killed in the war, and he said that he was proud to give a son to his country.


==Background and earlier career==
⚫
Facta was appointed Prime Minister in July 1922. At the time, Italy was in political turmoil, and was dealing with Mussolini's fascist insurgency. When Mussolini decided to march on Rome, Facta reacted and wanted to declare the martial law and send the army to stop Mussolini. Such a declaration needed to bear the monarch's signature before it could take effect. Facta always refused to explain the secret reasons that brought the King [[Victor Emmanuel III of Italy|Victor Emmanuel III]], not to sign the declaration of emergency. The following day Facta and his government resigned to demonstrate they did not approve the King's decision. The King then requested that Mussolini come to Rome to form a new government.

⚫
Facta was born in [[Pinerolo]], [[Piedmont]], Italy. He studied law and later became a lawyer and journalist. He entered politics in 1892 when he was elected to the [[Italian Chamber of Deputies|chamber of deputies]] for Pinerolo, a seat which he held for 30 years. Facta, a member of the Liberal Party, served as undersecretary of the justice and interior departments in the coalition cabinet for much of his time in Parliament. He was also the [[Italian Minister of Finance]] from 1910 until 1914 and 1920 until 1921. He served also as minister of justice from 1919 until 1920. At the outbreak of [[World War I]], Facta supported [[neutral country|neutrality]] for Italy, but then supported the war when Italy entered it. His son was killed in the war, and he said that he was proud to give a son to the fatherland.

==Prime Minister of Italy==

⚫
Facta was appointed prime minister in February 1922. At the time, Italy was in political turmoil and was dealing with Mussolini's fascist insurgency. When Mussolini decided to march on Rome, Facta reacted and wanted to declare martial law and send the army to stop Mussolini. A prerequisite for such a declaration to take effect was the monarch's signature, which was not granted. Facta always refused to explain the secret reasons that brought King [[Victor Emmanuel III of Italy|Victor Emmanuel III]] not to sign the declaration of emergency. The following day, Facta and his government resigned to demonstrate they did not approve of the King's decision. The King then requested that Mussolini come to Rome to form a new government.

==Later life; death and legacy==
In 1924, King Victor Emmanuel III named Facta senator.
In 1924, King Victor Emmanuel III named Facta senator in the [[Italian Senate]].


Facta died in Pinerolo, Italy, in 1930 with the general population believing him to have been too feeble and faithful to the King to take a more active role in stopping Mussolini and the rise of Fascism.<ref>{{cite book|last=Carsten|first=Francis L.|title=The rise of fascism|date=1982|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=9780520046436|page=62|edition=2nd ed., 1st paperback printing.}}</ref>
Facta died in Pinerolo, Italy, in 1930, with the general population believing him to have been too feeble and faithful to the King to take a more active role to stop Mussolini and the rise of Fascism.<ref>{{cite book|last=Carsten|first=Francis L.|title=The rise of fascism|date=1982|publisher=University of California Press|location=Berkeley|isbn=9780520046436|page=62|edition=2nd ed., 1st paperback printing.}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==
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[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Pinerolo]]
[[Category:People from Pinerolo]]
[[Category:Italian Ministers of the Interior]]
[[Category:Ministers of the interior of Italy]]
[[Category:Prime Ministers of Italy]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Italy]]
[[Category:Finance ministers of Italy]]
[[Category:Finance ministers of Italy]]
[[Category:Italian journalists]]
[[Category:Italian journalists]]

Latest revision as of 11:40, 16 November 2024

Luigi Facta
Facta in 1922
Prime Minister of Italy
In office
26 February 1922 – 28 October 1922
MonarchVictor Emmanuel III
Preceded byIvanoe Bonomi
Succeeded byBenito Mussolini
Member of the Senate of the Kingdom
In office
18 September 1924 – 5 November 1930
Appointed byVictor Emmanuel III
Personal details
Born(1861-11-16)16 November 1861
Pinerolo, Kingdom of Italy
Died5 November 1930(1930-11-05) (aged 68)
Pinerolo, Kingdom of Italy
Political partyItalian Liberal Party (1922–1926)
Other political
affiliations		Historical Right (1892–1913)
Liberal Union (1913–1922)

Luigi Facta (16 November 1861 – 5 November 1930) was an Italian politician, lawyer and journalist and the last prime minister of Italy before the dictatorship of Benito Mussolini.

Background and earlier career

[edit]

Facta was born in Pinerolo, Piedmont, Italy. He studied law and later became a lawyer and journalist. He entered politics in 1892 when he was elected to the chamber of deputies for Pinerolo, a seat which he held for 30 years. Facta, a member of the Liberal Party, served as undersecretary of the justice and interior departments in the coalition cabinet for much of his time in Parliament. He was also the Italian Minister of Finance from 1910 until 1914 and 1920 until 1921. He served also as minister of justice from 1919 until 1920. At the outbreak of World War I, Facta supported neutrality for Italy, but then supported the war when Italy entered it. His son was killed in the war, and he said that he was proud to give a son to the fatherland.

Prime Minister of Italy

[edit]

Facta was appointed prime minister in February 1922. At the time, Italy was in political turmoil and was dealing with Mussolini's fascist insurgency. When Mussolini decided to march on Rome, Facta reacted and wanted to declare martial law and send the army to stop Mussolini. A prerequisite for such a declaration to take effect was the monarch's signature, which was not granted. Facta always refused to explain the secret reasons that brought King Victor Emmanuel III not to sign the declaration of emergency. The following day, Facta and his government resigned to demonstrate they did not approve of the King's decision. The King then requested that Mussolini come to Rome to form a new government.

Later life; death and legacy

[edit]

In 1924, King Victor Emmanuel III named Facta senator in the Italian Senate.

Facta died in Pinerolo, Italy, in 1930, with the general population believing him to have been too feeble and faithful to the King to take a more active role to stop Mussolini and the rise of Fascism.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Carsten, Francis L. (1982). The rise of fascism (2nd ed., 1st paperback printing. ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 62. ISBN 9780520046436.
[edit]
Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Italy
1922 		Succeeded by
Preceded by
Ivanoe Bonomi
 Italian Minister of the Interior
1922 		Succeeded by
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