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{{Short description|The 9 planets of vedic astrology}}
{{Short description|The 9 planets of vedic astrology}}
[[File:Navagraha.jpg|thumb|200px|''Navagraha'', a [[Raja Ravi Varma]] painting (sun at the center)]]
[[File:Navagraha.jpg|thumb|200px|''Navagraha'', a [[Raja Ravi Varma]] painting (sun at the center)]]
'''Navagraha''' are nine heavenly bodies and deities that influence human life on Earth according to [[Hinduism]] and [[Hindu astrology]].<ref name="dalalnavagr">{{cite book|author=Roshen Dalal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2010|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6|pages=280}}</ref> The term is derived from ''nava'' ({{lang-sa|नव}} "nine") and ''graha'' ({{lang-sa|ग्रह}} "planet, seizing, laying hold of, holding"). Note that [[Earth|the Earth]], [[Uranus]], [[Neptune]] and [[Pluto]] are excluded from the Navagraha,<ref>Sanskrit-English Dictionary by Monier-Williams, 1899</ref>. However, [[Sun|the Sun]] is part of the Navagraha.
The '''navagraha''' are nine heavenly bodies and deities that influence human life on Earth according to [[Hinduism]] and [[Hindu mythology]].<ref name="dalalnavagr">{{cite book|author=Roshen Dalal|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DH0vmD8ghdMC|title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide|publisher=Penguin Books|year=2010|isbn=978-0-14-341421-6|pages=280}}</ref> The term is derived from ''nava'' ({{langx|sa|नव}} "nine") and ''graha'' ({{langx|sa|ग्रह}} "planet, seizing, laying hold of, holding"). The nine parts of the navagraha are the Sun, Moon, planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, and the [[lunar node|two nodes of the Moon]].<ref>Sanskrit-English Dictionary by Monier-Williams, 1899</ref>


⚫
In [[astrology]], the term ''planet'' originally applied only to the five planets visible to the [[naked eye]] and excluded [[Earth]]. The term was later broadened, particularly in the [[Post-classical history|Middle Ages]], to include the sun and the moon (sometimes referred to as "lights"), making a total of seven planets. The [[Seven days of the week#Hindu tradition|seven days of the week]] in the [[Hindu calendar]] also correspond with the [[seven classical planets]], and are [[Names of the days of the week#Hindu tradition|named accordingly]] in most languages of the [[Indian subcontinent]]. Most [[Hindu temples]] around the world have a designated place dedicated to Navagraha worship.


[[File:Navagraham.jpg|thumb|A typical navagraha shrine found inside a [[Hindu temple]]]]
==Planets, celestial bodies and lunar nodes==
⚫
The term ''planet'' was applied originally only to the five planets known (i.e., visible to the [[naked eye]]) and excluded the [[Earth]]. The term was later generalized, particularly during the [[Post-classical history|Middle Ages]], to include the sun and the moon (sometimes referred to as "lights"), making a total of seven planets. The [[Seven days of the week#Hindu tradition|seven days of the week]] of the [[Hindu calendar]] also corresponds with the [[seven classical planets]] and related day names of European culture and are [[Names of the days of the week#Hindu tradition|named accordingly]] in most languages of the [[Indian subcontinent]]. Most [[Hindu temples]] around the world have a designated place dedicated to the worship of the navagraha.

==List==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|+Navagrahas:<ref name="dalalnavagr" />
|+Navagrahas:<ref name="dalalnavagr" />
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|1.
|1.
|[[File:Surya graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[File:Surya graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Surya]], [[Aditya]]
|[[Surya]]
|[[Sun]]
|[[Sun]]
|[[Sunday]]
|[[Sunday]]
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|2.
|2.
|[[File:Chandra graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[File:Chandra graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Chandra]], [[Soma (deity)|Soma]]
|[[Chandra]]
|[[Moon]]
|[[Moon]]
|[[Monday]]
|[[Monday]]
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|5.
|5.
|[[File:Brihaspati graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[File:Brihaspati graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Bṛhaspati]], Guru
|[[Bṛhaspati]]
|[[Jupiter]]
|[[Jupiter]]
|[[Thursday]]
|[[Thursday]]
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|[[File:Ketu graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[File:Ketu graha.JPG|90px]]
|[[Ketu (mythology)|Ketu]]
|[[Ketu (mythology)|Ketu]]
|Descending node of the Moon
|Descending [[Lunar node|node of the Moon]]
|
|
|}
|}


== Carnatic music ==
== Music ==
[[Muthuswami Dikshitar]], a [[Carnatic music]] composer from southern India composed the [[Navagraha Kritis]] in praise of the nine ''grahas''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dikshitar: Navagraha|url=http://www.medieval.org/music/world/carnatic/lyrics/navagraha.html|access-date=2020-06-12|website=www.medieval.org}}</ref> Each song is a prayer to one of the nine planets. The [[sahitya]] (lyrics) of the songs reflect a profound knowledge of the [[mantra]] and [[jyotisha]] [[Shastra|sastras]].
[[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] (1776–1835), a [[Carnatic music]] composer from southern India, composed the [[Navagraha Kritis]] in praise of the nine ''grahas''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Dikshitar: Navagraha|url=http://www.medieval.org/music/world/carnatic/lyrics/navagraha.html|access-date=2020-06-12|website=www.medieval.org}}</ref> Each song is a prayer to one of the nine planets. The [[Sanskrit literature|Sahitya]] (lyrics) of the songs reflect a profound knowledge of the [[mantra]] and [[jyotisha]] [[Shastra|sastras]].


==See also==
==See also==
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{{colend}}
{{colend}}


==Notes==
==References==
⚫
{{Commons category|Navagraha}}
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
==External links==

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*{{Commons category-inline|Navagraha}}
{{Navagraha}}
{{Navagraha}}
{{HinduMythology}}
{{HinduMythology}}
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[[Category:Hindu astronomy]]
[[Category:Hindu astronomy]]
[[Category:Technical factors of Hindu astrology]]
[[Category:Technical factors of Hindu astrology]]
[[Category:Journey to the West characters]]




Latest revision as of 23:06, 16 November 2024

Navagraha, a Raja Ravi Varma painting (sun at the center)

The navagraha are nine heavenly bodies and deities that influence human life on Earth according to Hinduism and Hindu mythology.[1] The term is derived from nava (Sanskrit: नव "nine") and graha (Sanskrit: ग्रह "planet, seizing, laying hold of, holding"). The nine parts of the navagraha are the Sun, Moon, planets Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, and the two nodes of the Moon.[2]


A typical navagraha shrine found inside a Hindu temple

The term planet was applied originally only to the five planets known (i.e., visible to the naked eye) and excluded the Earth. The term was later generalized, particularly during the Middle Ages, to include the sun and the moon (sometimes referred to as "lights"), making a total of seven planets. The seven days of the week of the Hindu calendar also corresponds with the seven classical planets and related day names of European culture and are named accordingly in most languages of the Indian subcontinent. Most Hindu temples around the world have a designated place dedicated to the worship of the navagraha.

List

[edit]
Navagrahas:[1]
No. Image Name Western equivalent Day
1. Surya Sun Sunday
2. Chandra Moon Monday
3. Mangala Mars Tuesday
4. Budha Mercury Wednesday
5. Bṛhaspati Jupiter Thursday
6. Shukra Venus Friday
7. Shani Saturn Saturday
8. Rahu Ascending node of the Moon
9. Ketu Descending node of the Moon

Music

[edit]

Muthuswami Dikshitar (1776–1835), a Carnatic music composer from southern India, composed the Navagraha Kritis in praise of the nine grahas.[3] Each song is a prayer to one of the nine planets. The Sahitya (lyrics) of the songs reflect a profound knowledge of the mantra and jyotisha sastras.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Roshen Dalal (2010). Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books. p. 280. ISBN 978-0-14-341421-6.
  2. ^ Sanskrit-English Dictionary by Monier-Williams, 1899
  3. ^ "Dikshitar: Navagraha". www.medieval.org. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
[edit]
  • Media related to Navagraha at Wikimedia Commons


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