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|doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00967.x
|doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00967.x
|s2cid=129407928
|s2cid=129407928
|doi-access=free
|url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00967.x
|access-date=25 October 2020
|doi-access=free
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**** ''[[Scymnodon ichiharai]]'' <small>Ka. Yano & [[Shigeho "Sho" Tanaka|S. Tanaka (II)]], 1984</small> (Japanese velvet dogfish)
**** ''[[Scymnodon ichiharai]]'' <small>Ka. Yano & [[Shigeho "Sho" Tanaka|S. Tanaka (II)]], 1984</small> (Japanese velvet dogfish)
**** ''[[Scymnodon macracanthus]]'' <small>[[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1906</small> (large-spine velvet dogfish)
**** ''[[Scymnodon macracanthus]]'' <small>[[Charles Tate Regan|Regan]], 1906</small> (large-spine velvet dogfish)
**** ''[[Scymnodon plunketi]]'' <small>[[Edgar Ravenswood Waite|Waite]], 1910</small> (Plunket's shark)
**** ''[[Scymnodon ringens]]'' <small>Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864</small> (knife-tooth dogfish)
**** ''[[Scymnodon ringens]]'' <small>Barbosa du Bocage & Brito Capello, 1864</small> (knife-tooth dogfish)
*** Genus ''[[Somniosus]]'' <small>[[Charles Alexandre Lesueur|Lesueur]], 1818</small>
*** Genus ''[[Somniosus]]'' <small>[[Charles Alexandre Lesueur|Lesueur]], 1818</small>
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**** ''[[Heterodontus galeatus]]'' <small>(Günther, 1870)</small> (crested bullhead shark)
**** ''[[Heterodontus galeatus]]'' <small>(Günther, 1870)</small> (crested bullhead shark)
**** ''[[Heterodontus japonicus]]'' <small>[[Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay|Maclay]] & [[William John Macleay|W. J. Macleay]], 1884</small> (Japanese bullhead shark)
**** ''[[Heterodontus japonicus]]'' <small>[[Nicholas Miklouho-Maclay|Maclay]] & [[William John Macleay|W. J. Macleay]], 1884</small> (Japanese bullhead shark)
**** ''[[Heterodontus marshallae]]'' <small>White, Mollen, O'Neill, Yang, & Taylor, 2023</small> (Painted hornshark)
**** ''[[Heterodontus mexicanus]]'' <small>[[Leighton R. Taylor Jr.|L. R. Taylor]] & [[José Luis Castro-Aguirre|Castro-Aguirre]], 1972</small> (Mexican hornshark)
**** ''[[Heterodontus mexicanus]]'' <small>[[Leighton R. Taylor Jr.|L. R. Taylor]] & [[José Luis Castro-Aguirre|Castro-Aguirre]], 1972</small> (Mexican hornshark)
**** ''[[Heterodontus omanensis]]'' <small>[[Zachary Hayward Baldwin|Z. H. Baldwin]], 2005</small> (Oman bullhead shark)
**** ''[[Heterodontus omanensis]]'' <small>[[Zachary Hayward Baldwin|Z. H. Baldwin]], 2005</small> (Oman bullhead shark)
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**** ''[[Paragaleus randalli]]'' <small>L. J. V. Compagno, [[Friedhelm Krupp|Krupp]] & [[Kent E. Carpenter|K. E. Carpenter]], 1996</small> (slender weasel shark)
**** ''[[Paragaleus randalli]]'' <small>L. J. V. Compagno, [[Friedhelm Krupp|Krupp]] & [[Kent E. Carpenter|K. E. Carpenter]], 1996</small> (slender weasel shark)
****''[[Paragaleus tengi]]'' <small>([[Johnson T. F. Chen|J. S. T. F. Chen]], 1963)</small> (straight-tooth weasel shark)
****''[[Paragaleus tengi]]'' <small>([[Johnson T. F. Chen|J. S. T. F. Chen]], 1963)</small> (straight-tooth weasel shark)
**'''Family [[Dichichthys|Dichichthyidae]]''' (bristle catsharks)
*** Genus [[Dichichthys]] <small>White, Stewart, O'Neill & Naylor, 2024</small>
**** ''[[White-tip catshark|Dichichthys albimarginatus]]'' <small>Séret & Last, 2007</small> (white-tip bristle shark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus bigus|Dichichthys bigus]]'' <small>Séret & Last, 2007</small> (beige bristle shark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus melanobranchius|Dichichthys melanobranchius]]'' <small>(W. L. Y. Chan, 1966)</small> (black-gill bristle shark)
**** ''[[Indonesian filetail catshark|Dichichthys nigripalatum]]'' <small>(Fahmi & Ebert, 2018)</small> (Indonesian bristle shark)
**** ''[[Roughback bristle shark|Dichichthys satoi]]'' <small>(White, Stewart, O'Neill & Naylor, 2024)</small> (roughback bristle shark)
** '''Family [[Leptochariidae]]''' (barbeled houndsharks)
** '''Family [[Leptochariidae]]''' (barbeled houndsharks)
*** Genus ''[[Leptocharias]]'' <small>A. Smith, 1838</small>
*** Genus ''[[Leptocharias]]'' <small>A. Smith, 1838</small>
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**** ''[[Cephalurus cephalus]]'' <small>(C. H. Gilbert, 1892)</small> (lollipop catshark)
**** ''[[Cephalurus cephalus]]'' <small>(C. H. Gilbert, 1892)</small> (lollipop catshark)
**** ''Cephalurus'' sp. A <small>Not yet described</small> (southern lollipop catshark)
**** ''Cephalurus'' sp. A <small>Not yet described</small> (southern lollipop catshark)
*** Genus Dichichthys <small>White, Stewart, O'Neill & Naylor, 2024</small>
**** ''[[Roughback bristle shark|Dichichthys satoi]]'' <small>(White, Stewart, O'Neill & Naylor, 2024)</small> (roughback bristle shark)
*** Genus ''[[Figaro (genus)|Figaro]]'' <small>Whitley, 1928</small>
*** Genus ''[[Figaro (genus)|Figaro]]'' <small>Whitley, 1928</small>
**** ''[[Figaro boardmani]]'' <small>(Whitley, 1928)</small> (Australian saw-tail catshark)
**** ''[[Figaro boardmani]]'' <small>(Whitley, 1928)</small> (Australian saw-tail catshark)
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**** ''[[Holohalaelurus regani]]'' <small>(Gilchrist, 1922)</small> (Izak catshark)
**** ''[[Holohalaelurus regani]]'' <small>(Gilchrist, 1922)</small> (Izak catshark)
*** Genus ''[[Parmaturus]]'' <small>Garman, 1906</small>
*** Genus ''[[Parmaturus]]'' <small>Garman, 1906</small>
**** ''[[Parmaturus albimarginatus]]'' <small>Séret & Last, 2007</small> (white-tip catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus albipenis]]'' <small>Séret & Last, 2007</small> (white-clasper catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus albipenis]]'' <small>Séret & Last, 2007</small> (white-clasper catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus bigus]]'' <small>Séret & Last, 2007</small> (beige catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus campechiensis]]'' <small>S. Springer, 1979</small> (Campeche catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus campechiensis]]'' <small>S. Springer, 1979</small> (Campeche catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus lanatus]]'' <small>Séret & Last, 2007</small> (velvet catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus lanatus]]'' <small>Séret & Last, 2007</small> (velvet catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus macmillani]]'' <small>[[Graham S. Hardy|Hardy]], 1985</small> (McMillan's catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus macmillani]]'' <small>[[Graham S. Hardy|Hardy]], 1985</small> (McMillan's catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus melanobranchius]]'' <small>(W. L. Y. Chan, 1966)</small> (black-gill catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus pilosus]]'' <small>Garman, 1906</small> (salamander catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus pilosus]]'' <small>Garman, 1906</small> (salamander catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus xaniurus]]'' <small>(C. H. Gilbert, 1892)</small> (file-tail catshark)
**** ''[[Parmaturus xaniurus]]'' <small>(C. H. Gilbert, 1892)</small> (file-tail catshark)
**** ''Parmaturus'' sp. <small>Not yet described</small> (rough-back catshark)
**** ''Parmaturus'' sp. <small>Not yet described</small> (rough-back catshark)
**** ''Parmaturus'' sp. <small>Not yet described</small> (Indonesian file-tail catshark)
**** ''Parmaturus'' sp. <small>Not yet described</small> (Gulf of Mexico file-tail catshark)
**** ''Parmaturus'' sp. <small>Not yet described</small> (Gulf of Mexico file-tail catshark)
*** Genus ''[[Pentanchus]]'' <small>H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912</small>
*** Genus ''[[Pentanchus]]'' <small>H. M. Smith & Radcliffe, 1912</small>
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**** ''[[Eusphyra blochii]]'' <small>(G. Cuvier, 1816)</small> (wing-head shark)
**** ''[[Eusphyra blochii]]'' <small>(G. Cuvier, 1816)</small> (wing-head shark)
*** Genus ''[[Sphyrna]]'' <small>Rafinesque, 1810</small>
*** Genus ''[[Sphyrna]]'' <small>Rafinesque, 1810</small>
**** ''[[Sphyrna alleni]]'' <small>[[Cindy Gonzalez|Gonzalez]], [[Bautisse Postaire|Postaire]], [[William Driggers|Driggers]], [[Susana Caballero|Caballero]], & [[Demian Chapman|Chapman]], 2024</small> (shovelbill shark)
**** ''[[Sphyrna corona]]'' <small>S. Springer, 1940</small> (scalloped bonnethead)
**** ''[[Sphyrna corona]]'' <small>S. Springer, 1940</small> (scalloped bonnethead)
**** ''[[Sphyrna gilberti]]'' <small>[[Joseph Michael Quattro|Quattro]], [[William B. Driggers III|Driggers]], [[James M. Grady|Grady]], [[Glenn F. Ulrich|Ulrich]] & [[Mark A. Roberts|M. A. Roberts]], 2013</small> (Carolina hammerhead)
**** ''[[Sphyrna gilberti]]'' <small>[[Joseph Michael Quattro|Quattro]], [[William B. Driggers III|Driggers]], [[James M. Grady|Grady]], [[Glenn F. Ulrich|Ulrich]] & [[Mark A. Roberts|M. A. Roberts]], 2013</small> (Carolina hammerhead)
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** [[Bramble shark]]
** [[Bramble shark]]
** [[Brazilian sharpnose shark]]
** [[Brazilian sharpnose shark]]
** [[Bristled lanternshark]]
** [[Brown lanternshark|Bristled lanternshark]]
** [[Bristly catshark]]
** [[Bristly catshark]]
** [[Broadbanded lanternshark]]
** [[Broadbanded lanternshark]]
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** [[Grey sharpnose shark]]
** [[Grey sharpnose shark]]
** [[Grey smooth-hound]]
** [[Grey smooth-hound]]
** [[Grinning catshark]]
** [[Grinning Izak|Grinning catshark]]
** [[Guadalupe lanternshark]]
** [[Guadalupe lanternshark]]
** [[Gulf catshark]]
** [[Gulf catshark]]

Latest revision as of 09:28, 17 November 2024

Identification of the 8 extant shark orders
Identification of the 8 extant shark orders

Shark is the naming term of all members of Selachimorpha suborder in the subclass Elasmobranchii, in the class Chondrichthyes. The Elasmobranchii also include rays and skates; the Chondrichthyes also include Chimaeras. The first shark-like chondrichthyans appeared in the oceans 400 million years ago,[1] developing into the crown group of sharks by the Early Jurassic.[2]

Listed below are extant species of shark. Sharks are spread across 512 described and 23 undescribed species in eight orders. The families and genera within the orders are listed in alphabetical order. Also included is a field guide to place sharks into the correct order.

Cow and frilled sharks (2 Families)

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Dogfish sharks (7 families)

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Sawsharks (1 family)

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Angel sharks (1 family)

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Bullhead sharks (1 family)

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Mackerel sharks (7 families)

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Carpet sharks (7 families)

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Ground sharks (8 families)

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Alphabetic sort

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Märss, Tiiu; Gagnier, Pierre-Yves (3 August 2001). "A new chondrichthyan from the Wenlock, Lower Silurian, of Baillie-Hamilton Island, the Canadian Arctic". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 21 (4): 693. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2001)021[0693:ANCFTW]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86329421. Retrieved 25 October 2020.
  2. ^ Rees, Jan (19 July 2010). "Neoselachian sharks from the Callovian–Oxfordian (Jurassic) of Ogrodzieniec, Zawiercie Region, southern Poland". The Palaeontological Association. 53 (4): 887–902. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00967.x. S2CID 129407928.