Svetac: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox Islands |
{{Infobox Islands |
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| name = Sveti Andrija |
| name = Sveti Andrija |
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| map = Croatia |
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| native_name = Štondrija |
| native_name = Štondrija |
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| ⚫ | '''Sveti Andrija''' ({{IPA |
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| ⚫ | Svetac was inhabited in prehistoric era, as evidenced by archeological remains, the oldest of which were found in Tovorski bod, a cave in the south part of the island.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=18}} A Benedictine monastery built on the island was abandoned in late 15th or early 16th century.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=19}} In 1760, a small [[pine tar]] factory was opened.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=23}} After the pine forest on the island was completely cut down, the factory was closed, and Svetac was acquired by members of Zanki family, who settled there.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=23}} The population census on Svetac from 1951 was around 60, all members of Zanki family. The last one of the group who lived there all year round was Antonija Zanki, an elderly woman who died in 2001.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=18}} Now members of Zanki family effectively live there four to six months a year, from late spring to autumn,{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=18}} still keeping up the houses of their grandfathers, fishing, making |
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Approximately 300 meters off the south-west coast of the island there is the islet of |
Svetac is situated {{convert|14|nmi|km|0}} from [[Komiža]] (a town on the island of [[Vis (island)|Vis]]). It is uninhabited, although it used to have permanent residents. Approximately 300 meters off the south-west coast of the island there is the islet of Kamnik, and farther on the open sea there is the [[volcanic island]] called [[Jabuka (island)|Jabuka]].{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=22}} About {{convert|2.5|km|nmi|1|abbr=off}}<ref name="Duplancic-Cala-Ujevic">{{cite journal |
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| url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/9636 |
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| url=http://www.academa.si/zff/Duplancic_Cala_Ujevic_9_1-1.pdf |
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| title=Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000 |
| title=Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000 |
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| journal=Geoadria |
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| first3=Mendi |
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| doi=10.15291/geoadria.127 |
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| format=PDF |
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| accessdate=6 December 2019 |
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| doi-access=free |
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}}</ref> to the southeast there is the small volcanic island of [[Brusnik (island)|Brusnik]]. |
}}</ref> to the southeast there is the small volcanic island of [[Brusnik (island)|Brusnik]]. |
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==History== |
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| ⚫ | Svetac was inhabited in prehistoric era, as evidenced by archeological remains, the oldest of which were found in Tovorski bod, a cave in the south part of the island.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=18}} A Benedictine monastery built on the island was abandoned in late 15th or early 16th century.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=19}} In 1760, a small [[pine tar]] factory was opened.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=23}} After the pine forest on the island was completely cut down, the factory was closed, and Svetac was acquired by members of Zanki family, who settled there.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=23}} The population census on Svetac from 1951 was around 60, all members of Zanki family. The last one of the group who lived there all year round was Antonija Zanki, an elderly woman who died in 2001.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=18}} Now members of Zanki family effectively live there four to six months a year, from late spring to autumn,{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=18}} still keeping up the houses of their grandfathers, fishing, making red wine and olive oil. Most of members of Zanki family who own this, biggest private island in Adriatic, live in Komiža now (14 nm east). Svetac island is in open seas, without any natural protected bay, and members of the Zanki family survived there for centuries.<ref>[http://www.dalmatia.hr/CentralDalmatia/Naturalbeauties1/tabid/2402/Default.aspx A tip about the island on dalmatia.hr] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070527134126/http://www.dalmatia.hr/CentralDalmatia/Naturalbeauties1/tabid/2402/Default.aspx |date=27 May 2007 }}</ref> |
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==Environment== |
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| ⚫ | Svetac is a breeding ground for a small number of [[Eleonora's falcon]]s, a rare bird with only c. 40–80 nesting pairs estimated to live on the outer Croatian Adriatic islands.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.slobodnadalmacija.hr/Scena/Mozaik/tabid/80/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/181998/Default.aspx | title=Ugroženog Eleonorina sokola na Svecu prati nadzorna kamera | date=24 July 2012 | work=[[Slobodna Dalmacija]] | language=Croatian | accessdate=25 July 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|url=https://hrcak.srce.hr/232228|title=The status and distribution of Eleonora's falcon (Falco eleonorae Gene 1834) in Croatia|journal=Natura Croatica|volume=6|issue=3|year=1997|publisher=[[Croatian Natural History Museum]]|pages=323–333|format=PDF|accessdate=16 July 2020}}</ref> The falcons migrate to [[Madagascar]] every September and return to their nests in April.{{sfn|Šerić|2006|p=18}} |
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Svetac and its neighbouring islet of Kamnik, along with [[Vis (island)|Vis]], [[Brusnik (island)|Brusnik]], [[Biševo]], [[Jabuka (island)|Jabuka]] and the [[Palagruža]] archipelago, forms part of the Croatian Offshore Islands [[Important Bird Area]] (IBA). This was designated as such by [[BirdLife International]] because it supports significant breeding populations of [[Scopoli's shearwater|Scopoli's]] and [[Yelkouan shearwater]]s, as well as of the Eleonora's falcons.<ref name=bli>{{cite web |url= https://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/offshore-islands-iba-croatia |title=Offshore Islands|author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2024|website= BirdLife Data Zone|publisher= BirdLife International|access-date= 25 August 2024}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[Jabuka–Andrija Fault]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==Bibliography== |
==Bibliography== |
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*{{cite book |
*{{cite book|url=http://bib.irb.hr/datoteka/348047.TEKST_LEKTORIRAN.rtf|title=Biserna ogrlica - pučinski otoci srednjeg Jadrana|last=Šerić|first=Neven|year=2006|publisher=Marjan tisak|isbn=953-214-367-X|language=hr|format=RTF|accessdate=5 July 2018}} |
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*Mithad Kozličić, Josip Faričić: "[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/14784 The Significance of Sv. Andrija Island (Svetac) on a Sailing Route Across the Adriatic Presented on Old Geographical Maps]" |
*Mithad Kozličić, Josip Faričić: "[http://hrcak.srce.hr/file/14784 The Significance of Sv. Andrija Island (Svetac) on a Sailing Route Across the Adriatic Presented on Old Geographical Maps]" |
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{{Islands of Croatia}} |
{{Islands of Croatia}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Uninhabited islands of Croatia]] |
[[Category:Uninhabited islands of Croatia]] |
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[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Croatia]] |
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[[Category:Important Bird Areas of Adriatic islands]] |
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[[Category:Islands of the Adriatic Sea]] |
[[Category:Islands of the Adriatic Sea]] |
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[[Category:Landforms of Split-Dalmatia County]] |
[[Category:Landforms of Split-Dalmatia County]] |
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[[Category:Private islands of Croatia]] |
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Latest revision as of 14:39, 17 November 2024
Native name: Štondrija Nickname: Svetac | |
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  Sveti Andrija | |
| Geography | |
| Location | Adriatic Sea |
| Coordinates | 43°01′33″N 15°44′56″E / 43.0257402900°N 15.7489017300°E |
| Archipelago | Vis Islands |
| Area | 4.19 km2 (1.62 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 316 m (1037 ft) |
| Highest point | Kosa |
| Administration | |
| County | Split-Dalmatia |
Sveti Andrija (Croatian pronunciation: [svȇtī ǎndrija], meaning "Saint Andrew"), often called Svetac (Croatian pronunciation: [sʋěːtat͡s], meaning "saint"), is an island in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea.
Svetac is situated 14 nautical miles (26 km) from Komiža (a town on the island of Vis). It is uninhabited, although it used to have permanent residents. Approximately 300 meters off the south-west coast of the island there is the islet of Kamnik, and farther on the open sea there is the volcanic island called Jabuka.[1] About 2.5 kilometres (1.3 nautical miles)[2] to the southeast there is the small volcanic island of Brusnik.
History
[edit]Svetac was inhabited in prehistoric era, as evidenced by archeological remains, the oldest of which were found in Tovorski bod, a cave in the south part of the island.[3] A Benedictine monastery built on the island was abandoned in late 15th or early 16th century.[4] In 1760, a small pine tar factory was opened.[5] After the pine forest on the island was completely cut down, the factory was closed, and Svetac was acquired by members of Zanki family, who settled there.[5] The population census on Svetac from 1951 was around 60, all members of Zanki family. The last one of the group who lived there all year round was Antonija Zanki, an elderly woman who died in 2001.[3] Now members of Zanki family effectively live there four to six months a year, from late spring to autumn,[3] still keeping up the houses of their grandfathers, fishing, making red wine and olive oil. Most of members of Zanki family who own this, biggest private island in Adriatic, live in Komiža now (14 nm east). Svetac island is in open seas, without any natural protected bay, and members of the Zanki family survived there for centuries.[6]
Environment
[edit]Svetac is a breeding ground for a small number of Eleonora's falcons, a rare bird with only c. 40–80 nesting pairs estimated to live on the outer Croatian Adriatic islands.[7][8] The falcons migrate to Madagascar every September and return to their nests in April.[3]
Svetac and its neighbouring islet of Kamnik, along with Vis, Brusnik, Biševo, Jabuka and the Palagruža archipelago, forms part of the Croatian Offshore Islands Important Bird Area (IBA). This was designated as such by BirdLife International because it supports significant breeding populations of Scopoli's and Yelkouan shearwaters, as well as of the Eleonora's falcons.[9]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Šerić 2006, p. 22.
- ^ Duplančić Leder, Tea; Ujević, Tin; Čala, Mendi (June 2004). "Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000" (PDF). Geoadria. 9 (1). Zadar: 5–32. doi:10.15291/geoadria.127. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
- ^ a b c d Šerić 2006, p. 18.
- ^ Šerić 2006, p. 19.
- ^ a b Šerić 2006, p. 23.
- ^ A tip about the island on dalmatia.hr Archived 27 May 2007 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Ugroženog Eleonorina sokola na Svecu prati nadzorna kamera". Slobodna Dalmacija (in Croatian). 24 July 2012. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
- ^ "The status and distribution of Eleonora's falcon (Falco eleonorae Gene 1834) in Croatia" (PDF). Natura Croatica. 6 (3). Croatian Natural History Museum: 323–333. 1997. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
- ^ "Offshore Islands". BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International. 2024. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
Bibliography
[edit]- Šerić, Neven (2006). Biserna ogrlica - pučinski otoci srednjeg Jadrana (RTF) (in Croatian). Marjan tisak. ISBN 953-214-367-X. Retrieved 5 July 2018.
- Mithad Kozličić, Josip Faričić: "The Significance of Sv. Andrija Island (Svetac) on a Sailing Route Across the Adriatic Presented on Old Geographical Maps"
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