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Australasia is a subregion of Oceania, comprising Australia, New Zealand (overlapping with Polynesia), and sometimes including New Guinea and surrounding islands (overlapping with Melanesia). The term is used in a number of different contexts, including geopolitically, physiogeographically, philologically, and ecologically, where the term covers several slightly different but related regions.

Derivation and definitions

Charles de Brosses coined the term (as French Australasie) in Histoire des navigations aux terres australes^[1] (1756). He derived it from the Latin for "south of Asia" and differentiated the area from Polynesia (to the east) and the southeast Pacific (Magellanica).^[2]

In the late 19th century, the term Australasia was used in reference to the "Australasian colonies". In this sense it related specifically to the British colonies south of Asia: New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Western Australia, Victoria (i.e., the Australian colonies) and New Zealand.^[3]

Australasia found continued geopolitical attention in the early 20th century. Historian Hansong Li finds that against the backdrop of British colonialism, German geopoliticians considered "Australasia" as a counterweight to the former German South Sea Edge (Südseerand), both of which form the "Indo-Pacific" region.^[4]

The New Zealand Oxford Dictionary gives two meanings of "Australasia". One, especially in Australian use, is "Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, and the neighbouring islands of the Pacific". The other, especially in New Zealand use, is just Australia and New Zealand.^[5] Two Merriam-Webster dictionaries online (Collegiate and Unabridged) define Australasia as "Australia, New Zealand, and Melanesia". The American Heritage Dictionary online recognizes two senses in use: one more precise and the other broader, loosely covering all of Oceania.

Demographics

Arms	Name of region, followed by countries	Area (km²)	Population (2021)^[6]^[7]	Population density (per km²)	Capital	ISO 3166-1
Australasia
	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (Australia)	199	—
	Australia	7,686,850	25,921,089	3.1	Canberra	AU
	Christmas Island (Australia)	135	1,692	12.5	Flying Fish Cove	CX
	Cocos (Keeling) Islands (Australia)	14	593	42.4	West Island	CC
	Coral Sea Islands (Australia)	10	4	0.4	—
	New Zealand	268,680	5,129,727	17.3	Wellington	NZ
	Norfolk Island (Australia)	35	2,302	65.8	Kingston	NF
	Papua New Guinea	462,840	9,949,437	22	Port Moresby	PG
Total
Australasia		8,418,763	42,836,966	5.1	—

References

^ de Brosses, Charles (1756). Histoire des navigations aux terres Australes. Contenant ce que l'on sçait des moeurs & des productions des contrées découvertes jusqu'à ce jour; & où il est traité de l'utilité d'y faire de plus amples découvertes, & des moyens d'y former un établissement [History of voyages to the Southern Lands. Containing what is known concerning the customs and products...] (in French). Paris: Durand. Retrieved 2013-12-08.
^ Douglas, Bronwen (2014). Science, Voyages, and Encounters in Oceania, 1511–1850. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 6.
^ Lee, Joseph (1889). "Anti-Chinese Legislation in Australasia". The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 3 (2). p. 220. doi:10.2307/1879468. JSTOR 1879468.
^ Li, Hansong (2021). "The "Indo-Pacific": Intellectual Origins and International Visions in Global Contexts" (PDF). Modern Intellectual History. 19 (3): 20–23. doi:10.1017/S1479244321000214. S2CID 236226422. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
^ Deverson, Tony; Kennedy, Graeme, eds. (2005). "Australasia". New Zealand Oxford Dictionary. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195584516.001.0001. ISBN 9780195584516.
^ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
^ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.

Richards, Kel (2006). "Australasia". Wordwatch. ABC News Radio. Archived from the original on 2007-03-18. Retrieved 2006-09-30.

External links

Media related to Australasia at Wikimedia Commons

28°06′32″S 146°18′00″E / 28.10889°S 146.30000°E / -28.10889; 146.30000

[1] Brosses, Charles (1756). Histoire des navigations aux terres Australes. Contenant ce que l'on sçait des moeurs & des productions des contrées découvertes jusqu'à ce jour; & où il est traité de l'utilité d'y faire de plus amples découvertes, & des moyens d'y former un établissement [History of voyages to the Southern Lands. Containing what is known concerning the customs and products...] (in French). Paris: Durand. Retrieved 2013-12-08.

[2] Douglas, Bronwen (2014). Science, Voyages, and Encounters in Oceania, 1511–1850. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 6.

[3] Lee, Joseph (1889). "Anti-Chinese Legislation in Australasia". The Quarterly Journal of Economics. 3 (2). p. 220. doi:10.2307/1879468. JSTOR 1879468.

[4] Li, Hansong (2021). "The "Indo-Pacific": Intellectual Origins and International Visions in Global Contexts" (PDF). Modern Intellectual History. 19 (3): 20–23. doi:10.1017/S1479244321000214. S2CID 236226422. Retrieved 30 July 2022.

[NZOD-5] Deverson, Tony; Kennedy, Graeme, eds. (2005). "Australasia". New Zealand Oxford Dictionary. Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195584516.001.0001. ISBN 9780195584516.

[UN_WPP-6] "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.

[UN_WPP_2022-7] "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{Short description|Region of the Pacific Ocean}}
+{{Short description|Subregion of Oceania}}
 {{other uses|Australasia (disambiguation)|Australasian (disambiguation)}}
 {{Distinguish|Australia (continent)|Australia{{!}}Australia (country)|Austrasia|Austroasiatic languages{{!}}Austroasian}}
-[[File:Oceania UN Geoscheme - Map with Zones.svg|thumb|upright=1.33|Regions of [[Oceania]]]]
+[[File:Location Australasia cylindrical.png|thumb|upright=1.25|Australia's concept of Australasia, which includes Australia, New Zealand and, in this case, [[Melanesia]]]]
-'''Australasia''' ({{lang-mi|Atareiria}})<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://maoridictionary.co.nz/word/21069|title=Atareiria - Te Aka Māori Dictionary|website=Te Aka Māori Dictionary}}</ref> is a [[region]] that comprises [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]] and some neighbouring islands in the [[Pacific Ocean]]. The term is used in a number of different contexts, including [[Geopolitics|geopolitically]], [[Physiogeographical|physiogeographically]], [[historical philology|philologically]], and [[Ecology|ecologically]], where the term covers several slightly different, but related regions.
+'''Australasia''' is a [[subregion]] of [[Oceania]], comprising [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]] (overlapping with [[Polynesia]]), and sometimes including [[New Guinea]] and surrounding islands (overlapping with [[Melanesia]]). The term is used in a number of different contexts, including [[Geopolitics|geopolitically]], [[physiogeographical]]ly, [[historical philology|philologically]], and [[Ecology|ecologically]], where the term covers several slightly different but related regions.
 ==Derivation and definitions==
-[[File:Location Australasia cylindrical.png|thumb|upright=1.25|Australia's concept of Australasia, which includes Australia, New Zealand and, in this case, [[Melanesia]]]]
 [[Charles de Brosses]] coined the term (as French ''Australasie'') in ''Histoire des navigations aux terres australes''<ref>
-{{cite book |last1=de Brosses |first1=Charles |author1-link=Charles de Brosses |title=Histoire des navigations aux terres Australes. Contenant ce que l'on sçait des moeurs & des productions des contrées découvertes jusqu'à ce jour; & où il est traité de l'utilité d'y faire de plus amples découvertes, & des moyens d'y former un établissement |year=1756 |trans-title=History of voyages to the Southern Lands. Containing what is known concerning the customs and products... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o3x_MaYZVJQC |language=fr |location=Paris |publisher=Durand |publication-date=1756 |access-date=2013-12-08}}</ref> (1756). He derived it from the [[Latin]] for "south of [[Asia]]" and differentiated the area from [[Polynesia]] (to the east) and the southeast Pacific ([[Terra Australis|Magellanica]]).<ref>{{cite book |last=Douglas |first=Bronwen |date=2014 |title=Science, Voyages, and Encounters in Oceania, 1511-1850 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page=6 }}</ref>
+{{cite book |last1=de Brosses |first1=Charles |author1-link=Charles de Brosses |title=Histoire des navigations aux terres Australes. Contenant ce que l'on sçait des moeurs & des productions des contrées découvertes jusqu'à ce jour; & où il est traité de l'utilité d'y faire de plus amples découvertes, & des moyens d'y former un établissement |year=1756 |trans-title=History of voyages to the Southern Lands. Containing what is known concerning the customs and products... |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=o3x_MaYZVJQC |language=fr |location=Paris |publisher=Durand |publication-date=1756 |access-date=2013-12-08}}</ref> (1756). He derived it from the [[Latin]] for "south of [[Asia]]" and differentiated the area from [[Polynesia]] (to the east) and the southeast Pacific ([[Terra Australis|Magellanica]]).<ref>{{cite book |last=[[Bronwen Phyllis Douglas|Douglas]]|first=Bronwen |date=2014 |title=Science, Voyages, and Encounters in Oceania, 1511–1850 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan |page=6 }}</ref>
-In the late 19th century, the term Australasia was used in reference to the "Australasian colonies". In this sense it related specifically to the British colonies south of Asia: New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Western Australia, Victoria (i.e., the Australian colonies) and New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Anti-Chinese Legislation in Australasia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1879468|journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics|jstor = 1879468|at=p. 220|last1 = Lee|first1 = Joseph|year = 1889|volume = 3|issue = 2|doi=10.2307/1879468 }}</ref> Australasia found continued geopolitical attention in the early 20th century. Historian Hansong Li finds that against the backdrop of British colonialism, German geopoliticians considered "Australasia" as a counterweight to the former German South Sea Edge (Südseerand), both of which form the "Indo-Pacific" region.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Hansong |title=The "Indo-Pacific": Intellectual Origins and International Visions in Global Contexts |journal=Modern Intellectual History |date=2021 |volume=19 |issue=3 | pages=20–23 |doi=10.1017/S1479244321000214 |s2cid=236226422 |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/hansongli/files/li_hansong-the-indo-pacific-intellectual-origins-and-international-visions-in-global-contexts.pdf |access-date=30 July 2022}}</ref>
+In the late 19th century, the term Australasia was used in reference to the "Australasian colonies". In this sense it related specifically to the British colonies south of Asia: New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Western Australia, Victoria (i.e., the Australian colonies) and New Zealand.<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Anti-Chinese Legislation in Australasia|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1879468|journal=The Quarterly Journal of Economics|jstor = 1879468|at=p. 220|last1 = Lee|first1 = Joseph|year = 1889|volume = 3|issue = 2|doi=10.2307/1879468 }}</ref>
+Australasia found continued geopolitical attention in the early 20th century. Historian Hansong Li finds that against the backdrop of British colonialism, German geopoliticians considered "Australasia" as a counterweight to the former German South Sea Edge (Südseerand), both of which form the "Indo-Pacific" region.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Hansong |title=The "Indo-Pacific": Intellectual Origins and International Visions in Global Contexts |journal=Modern Intellectual History |date=2021 |volume=19 |issue=3 | pages=20–23 |doi=10.1017/S1479244321000214 |s2cid=236226422 |url=https://scholar.harvard.edu/files/hansongli/files/li_hansong-the-indo-pacific-intellectual-origins-and-international-visions-in-global-contexts.pdf |access-date=30 July 2022}}</ref>
-The ''New Zealand Oxford Dictionary'' gives two meanings of "Australasia". One, especially in Australian use, is "Australia, New Zealand, [[New Guinea]], and the neighbouring islands of the Pacific". The other, especially in New Zealand use, is just Australia and New Zealand.<ref name=NZOD>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Australasia |encyclopedia=New Zealand Oxford Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2005 |isbn=9780195584516 |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195584516.001.0001|editor1-last=Deverson |editor1-first=Tony |editor2-first=Graeme |editor2-last=Kennedy }}</ref>
-Two Merriam-Webster dictionaries online (''Collegiate'' and ''Unabridged'') define Australasia as "Australia, New Zealand, and [[Melanesia]]". The ''American Heritage Dictionary'' online recognizes two [[word sense|senses]] in use: one more precise, being similar to the aforementioned senses, and the other broader, loosely covering all of [[Oceania]].
+The ''New Zealand Oxford Dictionary'' gives two meanings of "Australasia". One, especially in Australian use, is "Australia, New Zealand, [[New Guinea]], and the neighbouring islands of the Pacific". The other, especially in New Zealand use, is just Australia and New Zealand.<ref name=NZOD>{{cite encyclopedia |title=Australasia |encyclopedia=New Zealand Oxford Dictionary |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2005 |isbn=9780195584516 |doi=10.1093/acref/9780195584516.001.0001|editor1-last=Deverson |editor1-first=Tony |editor2-first=Graeme |editor2-last=Kennedy }}</ref> Two Merriam-Webster dictionaries online (''Collegiate'' and ''Unabridged'') define Australasia as "Australia, New Zealand, and [[Melanesia]]". The ''American Heritage Dictionary'' online recognizes two [[word sense|senses]] in use: one more precise and the other broader, loosely covering all of [[Oceania]].
-== See also ==
+==Demographics==
+{| class="wikitable sortable" style="border:1px solid #aaa; font-size:90%;"
+|- style="background:#ececec;"|
+! style="line-height:95%; width:4em" class="unsortable" | [[Coat of arms|Arms]]
+! style="line-height:95%; width:2em" class="unsortable" | Flag
+! Name of region, followed by countries
+! data-sort-type="number" | [[List of countries and outlying territories by total area|Area]]<br />(km<sup>2</sup>)
+! data-sort-type="number" | [[List of countries by population|Population]]<br />({{UN_Population|Year}}){{UN_Population|ref}}
+! data-sort-type="number" | [[List of countries and dependencies by population density|Population density]]<br />(per km<sup>2</sup>)
+! [[Capital (political)|Capital]]
+! [[ISO 3166-1 alpha-2|ISO 3166-1]]
+|-
+| colspan="8" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"|'''Australasia'''
+|-
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Coat of arms|text=none|Australia}}
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Flagicon|Ashmore and Cartier Islands}}
+| [[Ashmore and Cartier Islands]] (Australia)
+| style="text-align:right;"| 199
+| colspan=4 {{N/A}}
+|-
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Coat of arms|text=none|Australia}}
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Flagicon|Australia}}
+| '''[[Australia]]'''
+| style="text-align:right;"| 7,686,850
+| style="text-align:right;"| {{UN_Population|Australia}}
+| style="text-align:right;"| 3.1
+| [[Canberra]]
+| AU
+|-
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Coat of arms|text=none|Australia}}
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Flagicon|Christmas Island}}
+| [[Christmas Island]] (Australia)
+| style="text-align:right;"| 135
+| style="text-align:right;"| 1,692
+| style="text-align:right;"| 12.5
+| [[Flying Fish Cove]]
+| CX
+|-
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Coat of arms|text=none|Australia}}
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Flagicon|Cocos (Keeling) Islands}}
+| [[Cocos (Keeling) Islands]] (Australia)
+| style="text-align:right;"| 14
+| style="text-align:right;"| 593
+| style="text-align:right;"| 42.4
+| [[West Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands|West Island]]
+| CC
+|-
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Coat of arms|text=none|Australia}}
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Flagicon|Coral Sea Islands}}
+| [[Coral Sea Islands]] (Australia)
+| style="text-align:right;"| 10
+| style="text-align:right;"| 4
+| style="text-align:right;"| 0.4
+| colspan=2 {{N/A}}
+|-
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Coat of arms|text=none|New Zealand}}
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Flagicon|New Zealand}}
+| '''[[New Zealand]]'''
+| style="text-align:right;"| 268,680
+| style="text-align:right;"| {{UN_Population|New Zealand}}
+| style="text-align:right;"| 17.3
+| [[Wellington]]
+| NZ
+|-
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Coat of arms|text=none|Norfolk Island}}
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Flagicon|Norfolk Island}}
+| [[Norfolk Island]] (Australia)
+| style="text-align:right;"| 35
+| style="text-align:right;"| 2,302
+| style="text-align:right;"| 65.8
+| [[Kingston, Norfolk Island|Kingston]]
+| NF
+|-
+| style="text-align:center;"| [[File:National emblem of Papua New Guinea.svg|37px]]
+| style="text-align:center;"| {{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}}
+| '''[[Papua New Guinea]]'''
+| style="text-align:right;"| 462,840
+| style="text-align:right;"| {{UN_Population|Papua New Guinea}}
+| style="text-align:right;"| 22
+| [[Port Moresby]]
+| PG
+|-
+| colspan="8" style="background:#eee; text-align:center;"|'''Total'''
+|-
+! colspan=3| Australasia
+! 8,418,763
+! 42,836,966
+! 5.1
+| colspan=2 {{N/A}}
+|}
+==See also==
+{{portal|Geography|Oceania}}
 * {{look from}}
 * [[Asia-Pacific]]
@@ Line 26: / Line 118: @@
 * [[Trans-Tasman]]
 * [[Zealandia]]
-==External links==
-* [http://www.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/library/Paclaw/Agreement%20Establishing%20the%20Melanesian%20Spearhead%20Group.pdf Agreement Establishing the Melanesian Spearhead Group].
-* [http://www.worldtradelaw.net/fta/agreements/msgfta.pdf Melanesian Spearhead Group Trade Agreement].
-* [http://www.pacificpolicy.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/D02-PiPP.pdf MSG: trading on political capital and Melanesian solidarity], Pacific Institute of Public Policy, Briefing Paper 02, July 2008.
-* [http://press-files.anu.edu.au/downloads/press/p328371/pdf/ch13.pdf The Renaissance of the Melanesian Spearhead Group], The New Pacific Diplomacy 2015
+==References==
-{{Melanesia}}
-{{Trade}}
-{{South-South}}
-{{international power|state=collapsed}}
-{{Regional organizations}}
-{{Authority control}}
-[[Category:International organizations based in Oceania]]
-[[Category:Organizations established in 1983]]
-[[Category:Politics of Oceania]]
-[[Category:Melanesia]]
-[[Category:Negara Persatuan Republik Papua Barat]]
-[[Category:Republik Papua Barat]]
-[[Category:Organisasi Papua Merdeka]]
-[[Category:Nugini Belanda]]
-[[Category:Nederlands New Guinea]]
-[[Category:New Guinea]]
-[[Category:Guinea]]
-[[Category:Sony Esau Mbisikmbo]]
-[[Category:Sony Esau Mbisikmbo Independent The Christian And Misionary Aliance Hitadipa West Papua Melanesia Australasia Nederlands New Guinea]]
-== References ==
 {{Reflist}}
@@ Line 61: / Line 127: @@
 ==External links==
+{{EB1911 poster|Australasia}}
 * {{Commons category-inline}}
 {{Regions of Oceania}}
+{{Regions of the world}}
 {{Authority control}}
+{{Coord|28|06|32|S|146|18|00|E|display=title}}
 [[Category:Australasia| ]]
+[[Category:Asia-Pacific]]
+[[Category:Australasian realm]]
+[[Category:Regions of Oceania]]

Authority control databases
International	VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	Vatican Israel