Jump to content

Astrometeorology: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m ce
m clarify
 
(43 intermediate revisions by 18 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Using astrology for weather forecasting}}
⚫
'''Astrometeorology''' (from [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] {{lang|grc|ἄστρον}}, ''astron'', "constellation, star"; {{lang|grc|μετέωρος}}, ''metéōros'', "high in the sky"; and {{lang|grc|-λογία}}, ''[[-logy|-logia]]'') or '''meteorological astrology''' is a [[pseudoscience]]<ref name=Solari/> that attempts to [[weather forecasting|forecast the weather]] using [[astrology]].<ref name=Jenks/>
{{Distinguish|text = the study of [[extraterrestrial atmospheres]] or [[space weather]]}}


[[File:J. Goad, "Astro-meteorologica... ", 1686 Wellcome L0007931.jpg|thumb|right|A discourse on astrometerology (1686)]]
Meteorological phenomena correlated to planetary configurations were recorded by the ancient [[Babylonians]].<ref name=Frisinger/> Classical astrologers of note such as [[Claudius Ptolemy]] constructed a treatise on forecasting weather via astrological means.<ref name=Lehoux/> Astrometeorology is the oldest type of [[Hellenistic astrology]].<ref name=Lehoux/>

⚫
In 1686 a large volume written in English was devoted to astrometeorology by John Goad in his book ''Astro-Meteorologica''<ref name=Goad/> published in London, England. Goad's volume consisted of proposed principles and rules for forecasting weather astrologically. [[Johannes Kepler]] recorded meteorological observations to support his belief that the [[conjunction (astronomy)|conjunction]] of Saturn and the Sun would produce cold weather.<ref name=Kusukawa/> Astrometeorological societies persisted in Great Britain until the mid-19th century but were not taken seriously by mainstream scientists.<ref name=Walker/> Farmers in India during the 21st century have used a form of astrometeorology based on [[Nakshatra]] that is not considered a viable practice.<ref name=De/>
⚫
'''Astrometeorology''' (from [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] {{lang|grc|ἄστρον}}, ''astron'', "constellation, star"; {{lang|grc|μετέωρος}}, ''metéōros'', "high in the sky"; and {{lang|grc|-λογία}}, ''[[-logy|-logia]]'', "branch of knowledge") or '''meteorological astrology''' is a [[pseudoscience]]<ref name=Solari/> that attempts to [[weather forecasting|forecast the weather]] using [[astrology]].<ref name=Jenks/> It is the belief that the position and motion of celestial objects can be used to predict both seasonal climate and weather.<ref name=Taub2012/> Throughout most of its history astrometeorology was considered a scholarly tradition and was common in academic circles, often in close relation with astronomy, alchemy, meteorology, medicine, and other types of astrology.<ref name="Kassell"/>

==History==
⚫
Meteorological phenomena correlated to planetary configurations were recorded in [[Babylonia]].<ref name=Frisinger/> Classical astrologers of note such as [[Claudius Ptolemy]] constructed a treatise on forecasting weather via astrological means.<ref name=Lehoux/> Astrometeorology is the oldest type of [[Hellenistic astrology]].<ref name=Lehoux/> [[Johannes Kepler]] recorded meteorological observations to support his belief that the [[conjunction (astronomy)|conjunction]] of Saturn and the Sun would produce cold weather.<ref name=Kusukawa/> In 1686 a large volume written in English was devoted to astrometeorology by [[John Goad]] in his book ''Astro-Meteorologica''<ref name=Goad/> published in London, England. Astrometeorological societies persisted in Great Britain until the mid-19th century but were not taken seriously by mainstream scientists.<ref name=Walker/> Farmers in India during the 21st century have used a form of astrometeorology based on [[Nakshatra]] that is not considered a viable practice.<ref name=De/>


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist|refs=
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name=Solari>{{cite book |last=Solari |first=Giovanni |date=2019 |title=Wind Science and Engineering: Origins, Developments, Fundamentals and Advancements |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9RKiDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA31&lpg=PA31#v=onepage&q&f=false |location= |publisher=Springer |page=31 |isbn=3030188159 |author-link=}}</ref>
<ref name=Solari>{{cite book |last=Solari |first=Giovanni |date=2019 |title=Wind Science and Engineering: Origins, Developments, Fundamentals and Advancements |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9RKiDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA31 |publisher=Springer |page=31 |isbn=978-3030188153 }}</ref>
<ref name=Jenks>{{cite journal |last1=Jenks |first1=Stuart |last2= |first2= |date=June 1983 |title=Astrometeorology in the Middle Ages |journal=Isis |volume=74 |issue=2 |pages=185–210 |publisher= |doi= 10.1086/353243 |jstor=233102}}</ref>
<ref name=Jenks>{{cite journal |last1=Jenks |first1=Stuart |date=June 1983 |title=Astrometeorology in the Middle Ages |journal=Isis |volume=74 |issue=2 |pages=185–210 |doi= 10.1086/353243 |jstor=233102|s2cid=159665505 }}</ref>
<ref name=Frisinger>{{cite book |last=Frisinger |first=H. Howard |date=2003 |title=History of Meteorology to 1800 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RaVUDwAAQBAJ&lpg=PP8&ots=7swmmwehkf&dq=astrometeorology%20babylonian&lr&pg=PA2#v=onepage&q&f=false |location= |publisher=Psychology Press |page=2 |isbn=9780415161954 |author-link= |quote=They have also indicated that meteorology developed a new character in Babylonian culture. For by trying to connect atmospheric phenomena with the movement of the heavenly bodies, the Babylonian astronomer-priests founded astrometeorology.}}</ref>
<ref name=Frisinger>{{cite book |last=Frisinger |first=H. Howard |date=2003 |title=History of Meteorology to 1800 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RaVUDwAAQBAJ&q=astrometeorology%20babylonian&pg=PA2 |publisher=Psychology Press |page=2 |isbn=9780415161954 |quote=They have also indicated that meteorology developed a new character in Babylonian culture. For by trying to connect atmospheric phenomena with the movement of the heavenly bodies, the Babylonian astronomer-priests founded astrometeorology.}}</ref>
<ref name=Lehoux>{{cite journal |last1=Lehoux |first1=Daryn |date=June 2004 |title=Observation and prediction in ancient astrology |journal=Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=227-246 |publisher= |doi=10.1016/j.shpsa.2003.12.009 |quote="Astrometeorology is the oldest branch of astronomy/astrology in the Greek tradition. As early as Hesiod (c. 700 b.c.), who is among the earliest of extant Greek authors, we find..."}}</ref>
<ref name=Lehoux>{{cite journal |last1=Lehoux |first1=Daryn |date=June 2004 |title=Observation and prediction in ancient astrology |journal=Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A |volume=35 |issue=2 |pages=227–246 |doi=10.1016/j.shpsa.2003.12.009 |bibcode=2004SHPSA..35..227L |quote=Astrometeorology is the oldest branch of astronomy/astrology in the Greek tradition. As early as Hesiod (c. 700 b.c.), who is among the earliest of extant Greek authors, we find...}}</ref>
<ref name=Goad>{{cite book |last=Goad |first=John |date=1686 |title=Astro-meteorologica |url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A42876.0001.001/1:2?rgn=div1;view=toc |location=London |publisher=J. Rawlins for Obadiah Blagrave |page= |isbn= |author-link=John Goad }}</ref>
<ref name=Goad>{{cite book |last=Goad |first=John |date=1686 |title=Astro-meteorologica |url=https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/A42876.0001.001/1:2?rgn=div1;view=toc |location=London |publisher=J. Rawlins for Obadiah Blagrave |author-link=John Goad }}</ref>
<ref name=Kusukawa>{{cite web |url= http://www.hps.cam.ac.uk/starry/keplerweather.html |title=Kepler and Weather Prediction |first=Sachiko |last=Kusukawa |date=1999 |publisher=Department of History and Philosophy of Science |location=University of Cambridge |accessdate=11 Feb 2011}}</ref>
<ref name=Kusukawa>{{cite web |url= http://www.hps.cam.ac.uk/starry/keplerweather.html |title=Kepler and Weather Prediction |first=Sachiko |last=Kusukawa |date=1999 |publisher=Department of History and Philosophy of Science |location=University of Cambridge |access-date=11 Feb 2011}}</ref>
<ref name=Walker>{{cite book |last=Walker |first=Malcom |chapter=Astro-meteorology in the 1860s |date=January 2016 |title=James George Tatem, William Henry White, and Early Meteorological Societies in Great Britain |url=http://archive.rmets.org/sites/default/files/hist18.pdf |location=United Kingdom |publisher=The Royal Meteorological Society |pages=47-53 |isbn=978-0-948090-42-4 |author-link= }}</ref>
<ref name=Walker>{{cite book |last=Walker |first=Malcolm |chapter=Astro-meteorology in the 1860s |date=January 2016 |title=James George Tatem, William Henry White, and Early Meteorological Societies in Great Britain |chapter-url=http://archive.rmets.org/sites/default/files/hist18.pdf |location=United Kingdom |publisher=The Royal Meteorological Society |pages=47–53 |isbn=978-0-948090-42-4 |access-date=2019-10-29 |archive-date=2019-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190326162645/http://archive.rmets.org/sites/default/files/hist18.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name=De>{{cite journal |last1=De |first1=U.S. |last2=Joshi |first2=U.R. |last3=Prakasa Rao |first3=G.S |date=April 2004 |title=Nakshatra based rainfall climatology |url=https://metnet.imd.gov.in/mausamdocs/15527_F.pdf |journal=MAUSAM: Quarterly Journal Of Meteorology, Hydrology & Geophysics |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=305-312 |access-date=28 October 2019 |quote=Indian farmers normally rely on Nakshatras for their agricultural activities during monsoon season. As the above study shows high amount of rainfall variability during the Nakshatra period, it is not a good practice to totally rely on Nakshatra based agricultural activities.}}</ref>
<ref name=De>{{cite journal |last1=De |first1=U.S. |last2=Joshi |first2=U.R. |last3=Prakasa Rao |first3=G.S |date=April 2004 |title=Nakshatra based rainfall climatology |url=https://metnet.imd.gov.in/mausamdocs/15527_F.pdf |journal=MAUSAM: Quarterly Journal of Meteorology, Hydrology & Geophysics |volume=55 |issue=2 |pages=305–312 |access-date=28 October 2019 |quote=Indian farmers normally rely on Nakshatras for their agricultural activities during monsoon season. As the above study shows high amount of rainfall variability during the Nakshatra period, it is not a good practice to totally rely on Nakshatra based agricultural activities. |archive-date=29 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191029190156/https://metnet.imd.gov.in/mausamdocs/15527_F.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
<ref name=Taub2012>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Taub |first=Liba |author-link=Liba Taub |chapter=Astrometeorology |encyclopedia=The Encyclopedia of Ancient History |year=2012 |publisher=Wiley Online Library |doi=10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah21051 |isbn=9781444338386 }}</ref>
<ref name="Kassell">{{cite journal |last=Kassell |first=Lauren |title=Stars, spirits, signs: towards a history of astrology 1100–1800 |journal=Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences |date=5 May 2010 |volume=41 |issue=2 |pages=67–69 |doi=10.1016/j.shpsc.2010.04.001|pmid=20513617 }}</ref>
}}
}}

==See also==
{{Wiktionary}}
* {{cite book |doi=10.1017/9781108289948|title=Medieval Meteorology |year=2019 |last1=Lawrence-Mathers |first1=Anne |isbn=9781108289948 |s2cid=211658964 }}
* {{cite book |last=Lehoux |first=Daryn |series=Oxford Handbooks Online |title=The Predictive Sciences: Measuring and Forecasting Weather Conditions |publisher=Oxford University Press |doi=10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935390.013.86 |year=2015 }}
* {{cite book |last=Taub |first=Liba |date=2004 |title=Ancient Meteorology |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781134717750 |author-link=Liba Taub |quote=<small>Astrometerology, as a type of astrology, was apparently regarded, at least by some Romans, as a type of divination.</small>}}

{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Astrometeorology}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Astrometeorology}}

Latest revision as of 23:42, 17 November 2024

Not to be confused with the study of extraterrestrial atmospheres or space weather.
A discourse on astrometerology (1686)

Astrometeorology (from Greek ἄστρον, astron, "constellation, star"; μετέωρος, metéōros, "high in the sky"; and -λογία, -logia, "branch of knowledge") or meteorological astrology is a pseudoscience[1] that attempts to forecast the weather using astrology.[2] It is the belief that the position and motion of celestial objects can be used to predict both seasonal climate and weather.[3] Throughout most of its history astrometeorology was considered a scholarly tradition and was common in academic circles, often in close relation with astronomy, alchemy, meteorology, medicine, and other types of astrology.[4]

History

[edit]

Meteorological phenomena correlated to planetary configurations were recorded in Babylonia.[5] Classical astrologers of note such as Claudius Ptolemy constructed a treatise on forecasting weather via astrological means.[6] Astrometeorology is the oldest type of Hellenistic astrology.[6] Johannes Kepler recorded meteorological observations to support his belief that the conjunction of Saturn and the Sun would produce cold weather.[7] In 1686 a large volume written in English was devoted to astrometeorology by John Goad in his book Astro-Meteorologica[8] published in London, England. Astrometeorological societies persisted in Great Britain until the mid-19th century but were not taken seriously by mainstream scientists.[9] Farmers in India during the 21st century have used a form of astrometeorology based on Nakshatra that is not considered a viable practice.[10]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Solari, Giovanni (2019). Wind Science and Engineering: Origins, Developments, Fundamentals and Advancements. Springer. p. 31. ISBN 978-3030188153.
  2. ^ Jenks, Stuart (June 1983). "Astrometeorology in the Middle Ages". Isis. 74 (2): 185–210. doi:10.1086/353243. JSTOR 233102. S2CID 159665505.
  3. ^ Taub, Liba (2012). "Astrometeorology". The Encyclopedia of Ancient History. Wiley Online Library. doi:10.1002/9781444338386.wbeah21051. ISBN 9781444338386.
  4. ^ Kassell, Lauren (5 May 2010). "Stars, spirits, signs: towards a history of astrology 1100–1800". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part C: Studies in History and Philosophy of Biological and Biomedical Sciences. 41 (2): 67–69. doi:10.1016/j.shpsc.2010.04.001. PMID 20513617.
  5. ^ Frisinger, H. Howard (2003). History of Meteorology to 1800. Psychology Press. p. 2. ISBN 9780415161954. They have also indicated that meteorology developed a new character in Babylonian culture. For by trying to connect atmospheric phenomena with the movement of the heavenly bodies, the Babylonian astronomer-priests founded astrometeorology.
  6. ^ a b Lehoux, Daryn (June 2004). "Observation and prediction in ancient astrology". Studies in History and Philosophy of Science Part A. 35 (2): 227–246. Bibcode:2004SHPSA..35..227L. doi:10.1016/j.shpsa.2003.12.009. Astrometeorology is the oldest branch of astronomy/astrology in the Greek tradition. As early as Hesiod (c. 700 b.c.), who is among the earliest of extant Greek authors, we find...
  7. ^ Kusukawa, Sachiko (1999). "Kepler and Weather Prediction". University of Cambridge: Department of History and Philosophy of Science. Retrieved 11 Feb 2011.
  8. ^ Goad, John (1686). Astro-meteorologica. London: J. Rawlins for Obadiah Blagrave.
  9. ^ Walker, Malcolm (January 2016). "Astro-meteorology in the 1860s" (PDF). James George Tatem, William Henry White, and Early Meteorological Societies in Great Britain. United Kingdom: The Royal Meteorological Society. pp. 47–53. ISBN 978-0-948090-42-4. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-26. Retrieved 2019-10-29.
  10. ^ De, U.S.; Joshi, U.R.; Prakasa Rao, G.S (April 2004). "Nakshatra based rainfall climatology" (PDF). MAUSAM: Quarterly Journal of Meteorology, Hydrology & Geophysics. 55 (2): 305–312. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 October 2019. Retrieved 28 October 2019. Indian farmers normally rely on Nakshatras for their agricultural activities during monsoon season. As the above study shows high amount of rainfall variability during the Nakshatra period, it is not a good practice to totally rely on Nakshatra based agricultural activities.

See also

[edit]
Look up astrometeorology in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Astrometeorology&oldid=1258063005"