Jump to content

Midland railway line, Western Australia: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Content deleted Content added
copyedit
 
(27 intermediate revisions by 7 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Regional railway line in Western Australia}}
{{about|the regional railway line in Western Australia|the company that built it|Midland Railway of Western Australia|the suburban railway|Midland line, Perth}}
{{about|the regional railway line in Western Australia|the company that built it|Midland Railway of Western Australia|the suburban railway|Midland line, Perth}}
{{Use Australian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2019}}
{{Infobox rail line
{{Infobox rail line
Line 11: Line 13:
|logo_width =
|logo_width =
|logo_alt =
|logo_alt =
|image = Freight train passing Three Springs grain receival point, August 2022 03.jpg
|image =
|image_width =
|image_width =
|image_alt =
|image_alt =
|caption = The [[Westrail P class]] locomotives ''Shire of Kulin'' (2515) and ''Shire of Dalwallinu'' (2504) pulling a freight train past the [[Three Springs, Western Australia|Three Springs grain silos]] in August 2022
|caption =
|type =
|type =
|system =
|system =
|status =
|status =
|locale =
|locale =
|start = [[Midland Junction railway station|Midland Junction]]
|start = Originally: [[Midland Junction railway station|Midland Junction]]{{-}}Current: [[Millendon, Western Australia|Millendon Junction]]
|end = [[Walkaway, Western Australia|Walkaway]]
|end = Originally: [[Walkaway, Western Australia|Walkaway]]{{-}}Current: [[Narngulu, Western Australia|Narngulu]]
|stations = 39
|stations = 39
|routes =
|routes =

|ridership2 =
|ridership2 =
|open = November 1894
|open = November 1894
|close =
|close =
|owner = [[Public Transport Authority (Western Australia)|Public Transport Authority]]
|owner = [[Public Transport Authority (Western Australia)|Public Transport Authority]]
|operator = [[Brookfield Rail]]
|operator = [[Arc Infrastructure]]
|character =
|character =
|depot =
|depot =
Line 34: Line 35:
|linelength_km =
|linelength_km =
|linelength_mi =
|linelength_mi =
|linelength = 446 kilometres
|linelength = Originally: {{convert|446|km|mi}}{{-}}Current: {{convert|452|km|mi}}
|tracklength_km=
|tracklength_km=
|tracklength_mi=
|tracklength_mi=
|tracklength =
|tracklength =

|gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm}}
|gauge = {{RailGauge|1067mm}}

|minradius =
|minradius =
|racksystem =
|racksystem =
|routenumber =
|routenumber =
|linenumber =
|linenumber =

|speed_km/h =
|speed_km/h =
|speed_mph =
|speed_mph =
|speed =
|speed =
|elevation_m =
|elevation_m = 323.6
|elevation_ft =
|elevation =
|website =
|website =
|map =
|map = {{Midland railway line, Western Australia}}
|map_state = }}
|map_state =
|embedded = {{Infobox mapframe |wikidata=yes |zoom=6 |frame-height= | stroke-width=2 |coord={{WikidataCoord|display=i}}|point = none|stroke-color= }}
}}


The '''Midland railway line''' runs from [[Midland Junction railway station|Midland Junction]] to [[Walkaway, Western Australia|Walkaway]] (30 kilometres south of [[Geraldton]]) in [[Western Australia]]. Built by the [[Midland Railway of Western Australia]], the 446 kilometre line opened in November 1894.
The '''Midland railway line''' historically ran from [[Midland Junction railway station|Midland Junction]] to [[Walkaway, Western Australia|Walkaway]] (30 kilometres south of [[Geraldton]]) in [[Western Australia]]. Built by the [[Midland Railway of Western Australia]], the 446 kilometre line opened in November 1894.

The contemporary railway line, operated by [[Arc Infrastructure]], is referred to as the '''Millendon Junction to Narngulu railway line''', and runs from [[Millendon, Western Australia|Millendon Junction]], on the [[Eastern Railway (Western Australia)|Eastern Railway]], to [[Narngulu, Western Australia|Narngulu]] on the [[Geraldton to Mullewa railway line|Geraldton to Mullewa railway]].<ref name=Pta >{{cite web |title=Public Transport Authority: Railway System: April 2019 |url=https://pta.wa.gov.au/Portals/15/AA_DOCUMENTS/Our_system/Freight%20network/PTA%20Rail%20Network%20Map_2019.pdf |website=pta.wa.gov.au|publisher=Public Transport Authority |access-date=22 August 2024}}</ref><ref name=Arc >{{cite web|url=https://www.arcinfra.com/ARCInfrastructure/media/documents/Network%20Specifications/20221129_Arc_Map_Network.pdf|title=Arc Map Network|website=www.arcinfra.com|publisher=[[Arc Infrastructure]]|access-date=22 August 2024}}</ref><ref name=Arcinventory >{{cite web|url=https://www.arcinfra.com/Rail-Network/Network-Specifications/Track-Inventory-Data |title=Track Inventory Data|website=www.arcinfra.com |publisher=[[Arc Infrastructure]]|access-date=23 August 2024}}</ref>


==History==
==History==
=== As a private railway ===
[[File:MRWA plan, 1894.jpg|thumb|150px|Map of the Midland railway line]]
[[File:MRWA plan, 1894.jpg|thumb|310px|Map of the Midland railway line and adjacent country in 1894]]
In December 1883, John Waddington representing a syndicate of English capitalists, proposed to [[Frederick Broome|Governor Broome]] to build a line from [[York railway station, Western Australia|York]] via [[Northam railway station, Western Australia|Northam]], [[Toodyay railway station|Newcastle]], [[Bejoording]], [[New Norcia]] and along the Berkshire Valley to [[Geraldton railway station|Geraldton]] under a [[Land grant#Land grant railways|land grant scheme]]. A parliamentary select committee recommended the route be altered to branch off from the [[Eastern Railway (Western Australia)|Eastern Railway]] at [[Midland Junction railway station|Guildford]] and run via [[Chittering, Western Australia|Chittering]], [[Bindoon]], [[Shire of Victoria Plains|Victoria Plains]], [[Carnamah]], [[Arrino]], Upper Irwin and [[Dongara]] to [[Walkaway, Western Australia|Walkaway]] where it would join the [[Western Australian Government Railway]]’s line from Geraldton. The agreement was signed on 27 February 1886, with work commencing a few days later.<ref name=AGunzburg>{{cite book|last1=Gunzburg|first1=Adrian|title=The Midland Railway Company Locomotives of Western Australia|date=1989|publisher=Light Railway Research Society of Australia|location=Surrey Hills|isbn=0 9093402 77|pages=7–10, 13, 49, 54}}</ref><ref name=BattyeLibrary>[http://slwa.wa.gov.au/pdf/mn/mn1_500/mn0239.pdf Midland Railway Company] [[Battye Library]]</ref>
In December 1883, John Waddington representing a syndicate of English capitalists, proposed to [[Frederick Broome|Governor Broome]] to build a line from [[York railway station, Western Australia|York]] via [[Northam railway station, Western Australia|Northam]], [[Toodyay railway station|Newcastle]], [[Bejoording]], [[New Norcia]] and along the Berkshire Valley to [[Geraldton railway station|Geraldton]] under a [[Land grant#Land grant railways|land grant scheme]]. A parliamentary select committee recommended the route be altered to branch off from the [[Eastern Railway (Western Australia)|Eastern Railway]] at [[Midland Junction railway station|Guildford]] and run via [[Chittering, Western Australia|Chittering]], [[Bindoon]], [[Shire of Victoria Plains|Victoria Plains]], [[Carnamah]], [[Arrino]], Upper Irwin and [[Dongara]] to [[Walkaway, Western Australia|Walkaway]] where it would join the [[Western Australian Government Railway]]’s line from Geraldton. The agreement was signed on 27 February 1886, with work commencing a few days later.<ref name=AGunzburg>{{cite book|last1=Gunzburg|first1=Adrian|title=The Midland Railway Company Locomotives of Western Australia|date=1989|publisher=Light Railway Research Society of Australia|location=Surrey Hills|isbn=0-9093402-77|pages=7–10, 13, 49, 54}}</ref><ref name=BattyeLibrary>[http://slwa.wa.gov.au/pdf/mn/mn1_500/mn0239.pdf Midland Railway Company] [[Battye Library]]</ref>


Under the land grant scheme, {{convert|12000|acre|ha}} of land was granted for every mile of railway completed, a total of {{convert|3319000|acre|ha}}. The consortium was able to select land within {{convert|40|mi|km}} of the new railway. Financing problems delayed construction with construction being suspended in June 1887. The [[Government of Western Australia|Government]] tried to rescind the contract, but could not as the consortium had until 1890 to complete the first 160 kilometres of the line.<ref name=AGunzburg/><ref name=BattyeLibrary/><ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article33067999 The Midland Railway of Australia] ''[[Western Mail (Western Australia)|Western Mail]]'' 3 October 1891</ref><ref>[http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/intranet/libpages.nsf/WebFiles/Royal+Commission+WA+Government+Railways/$FILE/WA+Government+Railways.pdf Royal Commission into the Management, Workings & Control of the Western Australian Government Railways] Government of Western Australia December 1947 page 8</ref>
Under the land grant scheme, {{convert|12000|acre|ha}} of land was granted for every mile of railway completed, a total of {{convert|3319000|acre|ha}}. The consortium was able to select land within {{convert|40|mi|km}} of the new railway. Financing problems delayed construction with construction being suspended in June 1887. The [[Government of Western Australia|Government]] tried to rescind the contract, but could not as the consortium had until 1890 to complete the first 160 kilometres of the line.<ref name=AGunzburg/><ref name=BattyeLibrary/><ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article33067999 The Midland Railway of Australia] ''[[Western Mail (Western Australia)|Western Mail]]'' 3 October 1891</ref><ref>[http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/intranet/libpages.nsf/WebFiles/Royal+Commission+WA+Government+Railways/$FILE/WA+Government+Railways.pdf Royal Commission into the Management, Workings & Control of the Western Australian Government Railways] Government of Western Australia December 1947 page 8</ref>
Line 68: Line 69:
The first section from [[Midland Junction railway station|Midland Junction]] to [[Gingin]] opened on 9 April 1891, followed by Walkaway to [[Mingenew]] on 16 August 1891, Gin Gin to Moore River (Mogumbur) on 22 February 1892, Mingenew to [[Arrino]] on 25 February 1892, Mogumbur to Mora on 2 July 1894, with the two sections linked between [[Carnamah]] and [[Three Springs, Western Australia|Three Springs]] on 1 November 1894.<ref name=AGunzburg/><ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article40973291 The Midland Railway: Its Jubilee Year] ''[[The West Australian]]'' 31 October 1936</ref><ref name=FAffleck>{{Affleck-On Track |pages=73–85}}</ref><ref>[http://www.carnamah.com.au/midland-railway Midland Railway] Carnamah Historical Society & Museum</ref>
The first section from [[Midland Junction railway station|Midland Junction]] to [[Gingin]] opened on 9 April 1891, followed by Walkaway to [[Mingenew]] on 16 August 1891, Gin Gin to Moore River (Mogumbur) on 22 February 1892, Mingenew to [[Arrino]] on 25 February 1892, Mogumbur to Mora on 2 July 1894, with the two sections linked between [[Carnamah]] and [[Three Springs, Western Australia|Three Springs]] on 1 November 1894.<ref name=AGunzburg/><ref>[http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article40973291 The Midland Railway: Its Jubilee Year] ''[[The West Australian]]'' 31 October 1936</ref><ref name=FAffleck>{{Affleck-On Track |pages=73–85}}</ref><ref>[http://www.carnamah.com.au/midland-railway Midland Railway] Carnamah Historical Society & Museum</ref>


=== As a government railway ===
On 1 August 1964, the line was sold to the [[Western Australian Government Railways]].<ref name=FAffleck/>
On 1 August 1964, the line was sold to the [[Western Australian Government Railways]].<ref name=FAffleck/>


In April 1976, the [[Dongara–Eneabba railway line]] opened as a branch of the Midland railway line at [[Dongara, Western Australia|Dongara]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Quinlan |first1=Howard |last2=Newland |first2=John R. |title=Australian Railway Routes 1854 to 2000 |date=2000 |publisher=Australian Railway Historical Society, New South Wales Division |isbn=978-0-909650-49-0 |page=69}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Plaque for opening of Eneabba – Dongara railway |url=https://collectionswa.net.au/items/879fb2c2-cbc4-48f2-938d-3814042304df |website=Collections WA |access-date=29 July 2024}}</ref>
==Services==

The Midland Railway of Western Australia operated a weekly passenger train in each direction. After the sale of the line to the Western Australian Government Railways, it was relaunched as ''[[The Midlander (Western Australian Government Railways)|The Midlander]]''. It ceased on 28 July 1975.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gray|first1=Bill|last2=May|first2=Andrew|title=A History of WAGR Passenger Carriages|date=2006|publisher=Bill Gray|location=Perth|isbn=0-646-45902-3|page=260}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Higham|first1=Geoffrey|title=Marble Bar to Mandurah: A history of passenger rail services in Western Australia|date=2007|publisher=Rail Heritage WA|location=Bassendean|isbn=978 0 9803922 0 3|pages=118, 119}}</ref>
===Services in both eras===
The Midland Railway of Western Australia operated a weekly passenger train in each direction. After the sale of the line to the Western Australian Government Railways, it was relaunched as ''[[The Midlander (Western Australian Government Railways)|The Midlander]]''. It ceased on 28 July 1975.<ref>{{MayGray-WAGRPassCar |page=260}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Higham|first1=Geoffrey|title=Marble Bar to Mandurah: A history of passenger rail services in Western Australia|date=2007|publisher=Rail Heritage WA|location=Bassendean|isbn=978-0-9803922-0-3|pages=118, 119}}</ref>


Today the line is primarily utilised by [[CBH Group]] grain trains operating to the ports of Geraldton and [[Kwinana Beach|Kwinana]] from eight [[CBH grain receival points|receival points]].<ref>[https://www.cbh.com.au/harvest-information/site-services-and-operating-hours Receival site map] CBH Group</ref>
Today the line is primarily utilised by [[CBH Group]] grain trains operating to the ports of Geraldton and [[Kwinana Beach|Kwinana]] from eight [[CBH grain receival points|receival points]].<ref>[https://www.cbh.com.au/harvest-information/site-services-and-operating-hours Receival site map] CBH Group</ref>

As of 2024, it is operated by [[Arc Infrastructure]] as the Millendon Junction to Narngulu railway line, connecting to the Geraldton to Mullewa line at Narngulu.<ref name=Pta /><ref name=Arc /><ref name=Arcinventory />

==Elevation==
The railway line starts at an elevation of {{convert|21.5|m|ft}} at Millendon Junction and finishes at Narngulu at an elevation of {{convert|26.3|m|ft}}. It reaches its lowest point of {{convert|5.9|m|ft}} at the {{convert|399.6|km|mi|adj=on}} mark, north of [[Dongara, Western Australia|Dongara]], and its highest point of {{convert|323.6|m|ft}} at the {{convert|213.7|km|mi|adj=on}} mark, just south of [[Marchagee, Western Australia|Marchagee]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.arcinfra.com/ARCInfrastructure/media/documents/Network%20Specifications/03-Millendon-Junction-to-Narngulu-Grade-and-Elevation.xlsx |title=03 Millendon Junction to Narngulu Grade and Elevation: Elevation information|website=www.arcinfra.com |publisher=[[Arc Infrastructure]]|access-date=25 August 2024}}</ref>

==Incidents==
On 24 July 1917, three people were killed and thirteen injured when the mail train from Perth to Geraldton derailed {{convert|2|mi|km}} north of the siding at [[Gunyidi, Western Australia|Gunyidi]]. One small child was killed on impact when the passenger carriages telescoped into the luggage van, while her mother and another man received severe injuries and died at the scene within hours.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/27306238|title=Railway Disasters: A Midland Train Derailed|newspaper=The West Australian|date=25 July 1917}}</ref> A coronial inquest found that excess rain and the absence of appropriate culverts had resulted in a [[washaway]] of the tracks.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/27309010|title=Midland Railway Disaster|newspaper=The West Australian|date=22 August 1917}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
<!--*{{commons category-inline}}-->
<!--*{{commons category-inline}}-->
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/railwayofaustralia/collections/72157627142494981/ Flickr gallery]
*[https://www.flickr.com/photos/railwayofaustralia/collections/72157627142494981/ Flickr gallery]

{{Railway lines in Western Australia}}


[[Category:3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia]]
[[Category:3 ft 6 in gauge railways in Australia]]
[[Category:Railway lines in Western Australia]]
[[Category:Railway lines in Mid West (Western Australia)]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1894]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1894]]
[[Category:Wheatbelt (Western Australia)]]
[[Category:Wheatbelt railway lines of Western Australia]]
[[Category:Railway lines in Perth, Western Australia]]
[[Category:1894 establishments in Australia]]

Latest revision as of 07:46, 18 November 2024

Midland railway line
The Westrail P class locomotives Shire of Kulin (2515) and Shire of Dalwallinu (2504) pulling a freight train past the Three Springs grain silos in August 2022
Overview
OwnerPublic Transport Authority
Termini
Stations39
Service
Operator(s)Arc Infrastructure
History
OpenedNovember 1894
Technical
Line lengthOriginally: 446 kilometres (277 mi)
Current: 452 kilometres (281 mi)
Track gauge1,067 mm (3 ft 6 in)
Highest elevation323.6 m (1,062 ft)
Map
Route map

Narngulu East
452
Narngulu
434
Walkaway
419
Bookara
394
Dongara
Dongara–Eneabba railway line
376
Irwin
363
Strawberry
Irwin River
338
Mingenew
319
Yandanooka
302
Arrino
284
Three Springs
261
Carnamah
234
Coorow
214
Marchagee
203
Gunyidi
185
Watheroo
176
Namban
166
Coomberdale
161
Cairn Hill
Moore River North
143
Moora
Moore River East
100
Mogumber
66
Mooliabeenie
53
Gingin
31
Chandalla
26
Muchea
2
Millendon
0
Eastern Railway

The Midland railway line historically ran from Midland Junction to Walkaway (30 kilometres south of Geraldton) in Western Australia. Built by the Midland Railway of Western Australia, the 446 kilometre line opened in November 1894.

The contemporary railway line, operated by Arc Infrastructure, is referred to as the Millendon Junction to Narngulu railway line, and runs from Millendon Junction, on the Eastern Railway, to Narngulu on the Geraldton to Mullewa railway.[1][2][3]

History

[edit]

As a private railway

[edit]
Map of the Midland railway line and adjacent country in 1894

In December 1883, John Waddington representing a syndicate of English capitalists, proposed to Governor Broome to build a line from York via Northam, Newcastle, Bejoording, New Norcia and along the Berkshire Valley to Geraldton under a land grant scheme. A parliamentary select committee recommended the route be altered to branch off from the Eastern Railway at Guildford and run via Chittering, Bindoon, Victoria Plains, Carnamah, Arrino, Upper Irwin and Dongara to Walkaway where it would join the Western Australian Government Railway’s line from Geraldton. The agreement was signed on 27 February 1886, with work commencing a few days later.[4][5]

Under the land grant scheme, 12,000 acres (4,900 ha) of land was granted for every mile of railway completed, a total of 3,319,000 acres (1,343,000 ha). The consortium was able to select land within 40 miles (64 km) of the new railway. Financing problems delayed construction with construction being suspended in June 1887. The Government tried to rescind the contract, but could not as the consortium had until 1890 to complete the first 160 kilometres of the line.[4][5][6][7]

On 21 March 1890, the Midland Railway Company of Western Australia was floated on the London Stock Exchange and Herbert Bond purchased John Waddington's shareholding in the consortium and work recommenced on the 446 kilometre line from both ends.[4]

The first section from Midland Junction to Gingin opened on 9 April 1891, followed by Walkaway to Mingenew on 16 August 1891, Gin Gin to Moore River (Mogumbur) on 22 February 1892, Mingenew to Arrino on 25 February 1892, Mogumbur to Mora on 2 July 1894, with the two sections linked between Carnamah and Three Springs on 1 November 1894.[4][8][9][10]

As a government railway

[edit]

On 1 August 1964, the line was sold to the Western Australian Government Railways.[9]

In April 1976, the Dongara–Eneabba railway line opened as a branch of the Midland railway line at Dongara.[11][12]

Services in both eras

[edit]

The Midland Railway of Western Australia operated a weekly passenger train in each direction. After the sale of the line to the Western Australian Government Railways, it was relaunched as The Midlander. It ceased on 28 July 1975.[13][14]

Today the line is primarily utilised by CBH Group grain trains operating to the ports of Geraldton and Kwinana from eight receival points.[15]

As of 2024, it is operated by Arc Infrastructure as the Millendon Junction to Narngulu railway line, connecting to the Geraldton to Mullewa line at Narngulu.[1][2][3]

Elevation

[edit]

The railway line starts at an elevation of 21.5 metres (71 ft) at Millendon Junction and finishes at Narngulu at an elevation of 26.3 metres (86 ft). It reaches its lowest point of 5.9 metres (19 ft) at the 399.6-kilometre (248.3 mi) mark, north of Dongara, and its highest point of 323.6 metres (1,062 ft) at the 213.7-kilometre (132.8 mi) mark, just south of Marchagee.[16]

Incidents

[edit]

On 24 July 1917, three people were killed and thirteen injured when the mail train from Perth to Geraldton derailed 2 miles (3.2 km) north of the siding at Gunyidi. One small child was killed on impact when the passenger carriages telescoped into the luggage van, while her mother and another man received severe injuries and died at the scene within hours.[17] A coronial inquest found that excess rain and the absence of appropriate culverts had resulted in a washaway of the tracks.[18]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Public Transport Authority: Railway System: April 2019" (PDF). pta.wa.gov.au. Public Transport Authority. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  2. ^ a b "Arc Map Network" (PDF). www.arcinfra.com. Arc Infrastructure. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
  3. ^ a b "Track Inventory Data". www.arcinfra.com. Arc Infrastructure. Retrieved 23 August 2024.
  4. ^ a b c d Gunzburg, Adrian (1989). The Midland Railway Company Locomotives of Western Australia. Surrey Hills: Light Railway Research Society of Australia. pp. 7–10, 13, 49, 54. ISBN 0-9093402-77.
  5. ^ a b Midland Railway Company Battye Library
  6. ^ The Midland Railway of Australia Western Mail 3 October 1891
  7. ^ Royal Commission into the Management, Workings & Control of the Western Australian Government Railways Government of Western Australia December 1947 page 8
  8. ^ The Midland Railway: Its Jubilee Year The West Australian 31 October 1936
  9. ^ a b Affleck, Fred (1978). On Track: The Making of Westrail, 1950–1976. Perth: Westrail. pp. 73–85. ISBN 0724475605. OCLC 6489347.
  10. ^ Midland Railway Carnamah Historical Society & Museum
  11. ^ Quinlan, Howard; Newland, John R. (2000). Australian Railway Routes 1854 to 2000. Australian Railway Historical Society, New South Wales Division. p. 69. ISBN 978-0-909650-49-0.
  12. ^ "Plaque for opening of Eneabba – Dongara railway". Collections WA. Retrieved 29 July 2024.
  13. ^ May, Andrew S; Gray, Bill (2006). A History of WAGR Passenger Carriages. Midland, WA: Bill Gray. p. 260. ISBN 0646459023.
  14. ^ Higham, Geoffrey (2007). Marble Bar to Mandurah: A history of passenger rail services in Western Australia. Bassendean: Rail Heritage WA. pp. 118, 119. ISBN 978-0-9803922-0-3.
  15. ^ Receival site map CBH Group
  16. ^ "03 Millendon Junction to Narngulu Grade and Elevation: Elevation information". www.arcinfra.com. Arc Infrastructure. Retrieved 25 August 2024.
  17. ^ "Railway Disasters: A Midland Train Derailed". The West Australian. 25 July 1917.
  18. ^ "Midland Railway Disaster". The West Australian. 22 August 1917.
[edit]