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{{Short description|Genus of ray-finned fishes}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
⚫
| name = ''Scomber''
| fossil_range = {{fossilrange|33.9|0}} <br>Early [[Oligocene]] to Present<ref name=Sepkoski2002>Sepkoski, J. J. Jr (2002): [http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Genera.] ''Bulletins of American Paleontology, 363: 1-560.''</ref>
| image = Scaus_u0.gif
| image_caption = [[Blue mackerel]], ''Scomber australasicus''
| image = Atlantic mackerel fish.jpg
| image_caption = ''Scomber scombrus''
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
⚫
| taxon = Scomber
| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]]
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
| classis = [[Actinopterygii]]
| type_species = ''Scomber scombrus''
| ordo = [[Perciformes]]
| type_species_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]
| familia = [[Scombridae]]
| genus = '''''Scomber'''''
| genus_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758
| subdivision_ranks = Species
| subdivision = See text.
}}
}}

'''''Scomber''''' is a genus of ocean-dwelling [[mackerel]]s in the family [[Scombridae]].<ref>{{FishBase genus | genus = Scomber | month = January | year = 2006}}</ref>
'''''Scomber''''' is a [[genus]] of [[ray-finned fish]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Scombridae]] living in the [[Pelagic fish|open ocean]] found in [[Atlantic Ocean|Atlantic]], [[Indian Ocean|Indian]] and [[Pacific Ocean]].<ref name=FB>{{FishBase_genus | genus = Scomber | month = June | year = 2016 }}</ref> The genus ''Scomber'' and the genus ''[[Rastrelliger]]'' comprise the [[tribe (biology)|tribe]] [[Scombrini]], known as the "true mackerels". These fishes have an elongated body, highly streamlined, muscular and agile. The eyes are large, the head is elongated, with a big mouth provided with teeth. They have two triangular [[dorsal fin|dorsal fins]], with some stabilizing fins along the [[caudal peduncle]]. The basic color is blue-green with a silvery white belly and a darker back, usually black mottled.


==Species==
==Species==
There are currently 5 recognized species in this genus:
FishBase lists four species:
* [[Blue mackerel]], ''[[Scomber australasicus]]'' <small>[[Georges Cuvier|Cuvier]], 1832</small>.
* ''[[Scomber australasicus]]'' <small>[[Georges Cuvier|G. Cuvier]], 1832</small> (Blue mackerel)
* [[Atlantic Chub Mackerel]], ''[[Scomber colias]]'' <small>[[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|Gmelin]], 1789</small>.
* ''[[Scomber colias]]'' <small>[[Johann Friedrich Gmelin|J. F. Gmelin]], 1789</small> (Atlantic chub mackerel)
* ''[[Scomber indicus]]'' <small>E. M. Abdussamad, [[Sandhya Sukumaran|Sukumaran]] & [[Arun K. O. Ratheesh|Ratheesh]], 2016</small> (Indian chub mackerel) <ref name=Abdussamad2016>Abdussamad, E.M., Sukumaran, S., Ratheesh, A.K.O., Koya, K.M., Koya, K.P.S., Rohit, P., Reader, S., Akhilesh, K.V. & Gopalakrishnan, A. (2016): ''Scomber indicus'', a new species of mackerel (Scombridae: Scombrini) from Eastern Arabian Sea. ''Indian Journal of Fisheries, 63 (3): 1-10.''</ref>
* [[Chub mackerel]], ''[[Scomber japonicus]]'', <small>[[Martinus Houttuyn|Houttuyn]], 1782</small>.
* [[Atlantic mackerel]], ''[[Scomber scombrus]]'' <small>[[Carolus Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758</small>.
* ''[[Scomber japonicus]]'' <small>[[Martinus Houttuyn|Houttuyn]], 1782</small> (Chub mackerel)
* ''[[Scomber scombrus]]'' <small>[[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]</small> (Atlantic mackerel)

==Fossil record==
[[Fossil]]s of this genus are found from the [[Oligocene]] to the [[Pleistocene]] (33.9 to 1.806 million years ago). They are known from various localities of [[Germany]], [[Italy]], [[Romania]], [[Japan]] and [[Mexico]].<ref name=Fossil>[https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=36184 Paleobiology Database: Fossilworks: ''Scomber'' Linnaeus, 1758.]</ref> Fossil species include:
* ''[[Scomber collettei|S. collettei]]'' (Bannikov and Erebakan, 2022) from the lowermost [[Middle Miocene]] of the [[Krasnodar region|Krasnodar Region]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bannikov |first1=A. F. |last2=Erebakan |first2=I. G. |date=2022-10-01 |title=A New Species of Mackerel (Scomber, Scombroidei) from the Tarkhanian (Lowermost Middle Miocene) of the Northwestern Caucasus |url=https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030122050057 |journal=Paleontological Journal |language=en |volume=56 |issue=5 |pages=574–582 |doi=10.1134/S0031030122050057 |s2cid=252717563 |issn=1555-6174}}</ref>
* ''[[Scomber cubanicus|S. cubanicus]]'' (Danil'chenko 1960) from the Upper [[Oligocene]] of [[Krasnodar Territory]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Danil£chenko |first=P. G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_h0LAQAAIAAJ&q=cubanicus |title=Bony Fishes of the Maikop Deposits of the Caucasus: Kostistye Ryby Maĭkopskikh Otlozheniĭ Kavkaza |date=1967 |publisher=Israel Program for Scientific Translations [available from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va.] |pages=161–163 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[Scomber voitestii|S. voitestii]]'' (Pauca 1929) from the [[Middle Oligocene]] of the [[Carpathian Mountains|Carpathian]] [[Menilite]] slates.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Danil£chenko |first=P. G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_h0LAQAAIAAJ&q=scomber+voitestii |title=Bony Fishes of the Maikop Deposits of the Caucasus: Kostistye Ryby Maĭkopskikh Otlozheniĭ Kavkaza |date=1967 |publisher=Israel Program for Scientific Translations [available from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va.] |pages=185 |language=en}}</ref>
* ''S.'' sp. from the Middle-Upper [[Miocene]] of the [[Kurasi Formation]] on [[Sakhalin]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nazarkin |first1=M.V. |last2=Bannikov |first2=A.F. |date=2014-06-25 |title=Fossil mackerel (Actinopterygii: Scombridae: Scomber) from the Neogene of South-Western Sakhalin, Russia |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/265519150 |journal=Zoosystematica Rossica |volume=23 |issue=1 |pages=158–163 |doi=10.31610/zsr/2014.23.1.158 |issn=2410-0226}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q3593412}}

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[[Category:Scomber| ]]
[[Category:Marine fish genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]


⚫
[[Category:Scombridae]]


{{Scombroidei-stub}}
[[zh-min-nan:Scomber]]
[[fr:Scomber]]
[[ko:고등어속]]
[[ms:Ikan Kembung]]
[[no:Scomber]]
[[sv:Makrillsläktet]]

Latest revision as of 08:53, 18 November 2024

Scomber
Temporal range: 33.9–0 Ma
Early Oligocene to Present[1]
Scomber scombrus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Scombriformes
Family: Scombridae
Tribe: Scombrini
Genus: Scomber
Linnaeus, 1758
Type species
Scomber scombrus

Scomber is a genus of ray-finned fish in the family Scombridae living in the open ocean found in Atlantic, Indian and Pacific Ocean.[2] The genus Scomber and the genus Rastrelliger comprise the tribe Scombrini, known as the "true mackerels". These fishes have an elongated body, highly streamlined, muscular and agile. The eyes are large, the head is elongated, with a big mouth provided with teeth. They have two triangular dorsal fins, with some stabilizing fins along the caudal peduncle. The basic color is blue-green with a silvery white belly and a darker back, usually black mottled.

Species

[edit]

There are currently 5 recognized species in this genus:

Fossil record

[edit]

Fossils of this genus are found from the Oligocene to the Pleistocene (33.9 to 1.806 million years ago). They are known from various localities of Germany, Italy, Romania, Japan and Mexico.[4] Fossil species include:

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Sepkoski, J. J. Jr (2002): A Compendium of Fossil Marine Animal Genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology, 363: 1-560.
  2. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.). "Species in genus Scomber". FishBase. June 2016 version.
  3. ^ Abdussamad, E.M., Sukumaran, S., Ratheesh, A.K.O., Koya, K.M., Koya, K.P.S., Rohit, P., Reader, S., Akhilesh, K.V. & Gopalakrishnan, A. (2016): Scomber indicus, a new species of mackerel (Scombridae: Scombrini) from Eastern Arabian Sea. Indian Journal of Fisheries, 63 (3): 1-10.
  4. ^ Paleobiology Database: Fossilworks: Scomber Linnaeus, 1758.
  5. ^ Bannikov, A. F.; Erebakan, I. G. (2022-10-01). "A New Species of Mackerel (Scomber, Scombroidei) from the Tarkhanian (Lowermost Middle Miocene) of the Northwestern Caucasus". Paleontological Journal. 56 (5): 574–582. doi:10.1134/S0031030122050057. ISSN 1555-6174. S2CID 252717563.
  6. ^ Danil£chenko, P. G. (1967). Bony Fishes of the Maikop Deposits of the Caucasus: Kostistye Ryby Maĭkopskikh Otlozheniĭ Kavkaza. Israel Program for Scientific Translations [available from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va.] pp. 161–163.
  7. ^ Danil£chenko, P. G. (1967). Bony Fishes of the Maikop Deposits of the Caucasus: Kostistye Ryby Maĭkopskikh Otlozheniĭ Kavkaza. Israel Program for Scientific Translations [available from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information, Springfield, Va.] p. 185.
  8. ^ Nazarkin, M.V.; Bannikov, A.F. (2014-06-25). "Fossil mackerel (Actinopterygii: Scombridae: Scomber) from the Neogene of South-Western Sakhalin, Russia". Zoosystematica Rossica. 23 (1): 158–163. doi:10.31610/zsr/2014.23.1.158. ISSN 2410-0226.


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