Korfantów: Difference between revisions
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| image_shield = Herb_Korfantowa.svg |
| image_shield = Herb_Korfantowa.svg |
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| pushpin_map = Poland |
| pushpin_map = Poland |
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| subdivision_type = Country |
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]] |
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| subdivision_name = {{POL}} |
| subdivision_name = {{POL}} |
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| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]] |
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]] |
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| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
| leader_name = Janusz Wójcik |
| leader_name = Janusz Wójcik |
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| area_total_km2 = 10.22 |
| area_total_km2 = 10.22 |
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| population_as_of = 2019-06-30<ref>{{cite web |title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial |
| population_as_of = 2019-06-30<ref>{{cite web |title=Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June|url=https://stat.gov.pl/en/topics/population/population/population-size-and-structure-and-vital-statistics-in-poland-by-territorial-division-in-2019-as-of-30th-june,3,26.html|website=stat.gov.pl|publisher=Statistics Poland|date=2019-10-15|access-date=2020-02-14}}</ref> |
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| population_total = 1808 |
| population_total = 1808 |
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| population_density_km2 = auto |
| population_density_km2 = auto |
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| coordinates = {{coord|50|30|N|17|36|E|region:PL|display= |
| coordinates = {{coord|50|30|N|17|36|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}} |
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| elevation_m = 203 |
| elevation_m = 203 |
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| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] |
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]] |
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| postal_code_type = Postal code |
| postal_code_type = Postal code |
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| postal_code = 48-317 |
| postal_code = 48-317 |
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| website = [http://www.korfantow.pl Official website] |
| website = [http://www.korfantow.pl Official website] |
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}} |
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| ⚫ | '''Korfantów''' {{IPAc-pl|k|o|r|'|f|a|n|t|u|f}} ({{langx|de|Friedland in Oberschlesien}}, {{langx|szl|Fyrlōnd}}), formerly known in Polish as '''Fryląd''', is a [[town]] in the [[Opole Voivodeship]] of southwestern [[Poland]], with 1,808 inhabitants (2019). In 1946 the town was renamed in honour of politician and activist [[Wojciech Korfanty]], however, the previous name ''Fryląd'' is still in use. |
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| ⚫ | '''Korfantów''' {{IPAc-pl|k|o|r|'|f|a|n|t|u|f}} ({{ |
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==Geography== |
==Geography== |
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Korfantów is located in the [[Niemodlin]] Plain (''Równina Niemodlińska''), in the historical region of [[Silesia]]. The total area inside the town's boundary is 10,23 |
Korfantów is located in the [[Niemodlin]] Plain (''Równina Niemodlińska''), in the historical region of [[Silesia]]. The total area inside the town's boundary is 10,23 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>{{cite web|last1=www.ideo.pl|first1=ideo -|title=Powierzchnia i ludność w przekroju terytorialnym w 2013 r.|url=http://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/ludnosc/ludnosc/powierzchnia-i-ludnosc-w-przekroju-terytorialnym-w-2013-r-,7,10.html|website=stat.gov.pl|access-date=1 February 2017|language=pl-pl}}</ref> |
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==Etymology== |
==Etymology== |
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The former name |
The former name of the settlement was ''Hurtlanth'' or ''Hurthland''. Other documents refer to the town as: ''Fredland'', ''Fredelant'', ''Fredlandt'', ''Fridland'', ''Freijland'', and ''Friedland''. The locality's [[Polish language|Polish]] name was based on the [[German language|German]] name, and had various forms: ''Ferląd'', ''Ferlondt'', ''Frydląd'', ''Fyrląd'', and ''Fryląd'', officially adopted in 1945. In 1946, in the aftermath of [[World War II]], due to the German origin of the name, the town was renamed after [[Wojciech Korfanty]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Zabytki - Urząd Miejski w Korfantowie|url=http://www.korfantow.pl/1153/2403/zabytki.html|website=www.korfantow.pl|access-date=1 February 2017|language=en}}</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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[[File:KB Kościół Trójcy Świętej w Korfantowie.jpg|thumb|left|Holy Trinity church]] |
[[File:KB Kościół Trójcy Świętej w Korfantowie.jpg|thumb|left|Holy Trinity church]] |
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Until 1532 the area was in the possession of Polish princes of the [[Silesian Piasts|Silesian Piast Dynasty]]. Simultaneously, an influx of German settlers caused the town to develop; it became the property of wealthy German and Silesian nobles. In 1632, the [[Swedish Empire|Swedes]] plundered Friedland and surrounding villages during the [[Thirty Years' War]]. Over the next decades the town also suffered due to plagues and fires. At that time, Friedland was part of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]] within the [[Habsburg |
Until 1532 the area was in the possession of Polish princes of the [[Silesian Piasts|Silesian Piast Dynasty]]. Simultaneously, an influx of German settlers caused the town to develop; it became the property of wealthy German and Silesian nobles. In 1632, the [[Swedish Empire|Swedes]] plundered Friedland and surrounding villages during the [[Thirty Years' War]]. Over the next decades the town also suffered due to plagues and fires. At that time, Friedland was part of the [[Kingdom of Bohemia]] within the [[Habsburg monarchy]]. In 1645 it returned to Poland under the [[House of Vasa]], and in 1666 it fell to Bohemia again, however, it was ceded to [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] after [[Frederick II the Great]] emerged victorious in the mid-18th century [[Silesian Wars]]. In the 19th century, despite Prussian and German rule, Catholic services were still held in Polish alongside German.<ref>''Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich'', Tom II, Warszawa, 1881, p. 425 (in Polish)</ref> It was part of Germany from 1871 until the end of [[World War II]] in 1945, when, under the [[Potsdam Agreement]], it was reassigned to Poland.<ref name=kor>{{Cite web|url=http://www.korfantow.pl/4866/2556/kronika-miasta-korfantow-i-polowa-xx-wieku.html|title=Kronika miasta Korfantów - I połowa XX wieku|website=Urząd Miejski w Korfantowie|access-date=20 March 2020|language=Polish}}</ref> During [[World War II]], the ''[[Polenlager]] 85'' Nazi German concentration camp for [[Polish people|Poles]] was based in the town in 1942–1943.<ref name=kor/> A mass grave of its prisoners is located at the local parish cemetery.<ref name=kor/> |
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{{clear|left}} |
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[[File:Korfantów city budget income sources 2015.png|thumb|left|240px|Korfantów city budget income sources as of 2015]] |
[[File:Korfantów city budget income sources 2015.png|thumb|left|240px|Korfantów city budget income sources as of 2015]] |
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In the [[Second Republic of Poland|interwar period]], there were 152 registered businesses in Korfantów, namely |
In the [[Second Republic of Poland|interwar period]], there were 152 registered businesses in Korfantów, namely in the [[Service (economics)|services]], [[trade]] and [[food production]] sectors. After [[World War II]], the town lost its former importance as the [[Agriculture in Poland|agricultural]] centre in the [[Nysa County]]. This was largely the effect of [[World War II casualties of Poland|war losses]], [[Prodrazvyorstka|requisitioning]], [[plunder]] and the [[Red Army]]'s [[war commissar]]'s rule over the locality in 1945, as well as poor political decisions. Later, the regime of the [[Polish People's Republic]] caused much impoverishment and financial instability, therefore, it was not until the reintroduction of the [[free market]] in 1989 that economic growth began to return. As of 2015, 52% of the [[Gmina Korfantów]] populace lives off the [[Agriculture in Poland|agricultural]] sector.<ref>{{cite web|title=Korfantów|url=http://www.polskawliczbach.pl/Korfantow#finanse-publiczne|website=www.polskawliczbach.pl|access-date=1 February 2017|language=pl}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Komunikaty dla rolników - Urząd Miejski w Korfantowie|url=http://www.korfantow.pl/2129/1627/komunikaty-dla-rolnikow.html|website=www.korfantow.pl|access-date=1 February 2017|language=en}}</ref> |
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{{clear|left}} |
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==Notable people== |
==Notable people== |
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* [[Emilie Mayer|Emelie Mayer]] (1812–1883), composer |
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* [[Carl Friedrich von Pückler-Burghauss]] (1886–1945), [[Waffen SS]] General |
* [[Carl Friedrich von Pückler-Burghauss]] (1886–1945), [[Waffen SS]] General |
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* [[Maria Kornek]] (born 1960), Polish Olympic [[field hockey]] player |
* [[Maria Kornek]] (born 1960), Polish Olympic [[field hockey]] player |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Korfantow}} |
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[[Category:Cities in Silesia]] |
[[Category:Cities in Silesia]] |
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[[Category:Cities and towns in Opole Voivodeship]] |
[[Category:Cities and towns in Opole Voivodeship]] |
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[[Category:Nysa County]] |
[[Category:Nysa County]] |
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{{Nysa-geo-stub}} |
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Latest revision as of 08:55, 18 November 2024
Korfantów | |
|---|---|
 Market Square | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Korfantów | |
| Coordinates: 50°30′N 17°36′E / 50.500°N 17.600°E | |
| Country |  Poland |
| Voivodeship | Opole |
| County | Nysa |
| Gmina | Korfantów |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Janusz Wójcik |
| Area | |
• Total | 10.22 km2 (3.95 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 203 m (666 ft) |
| Population (2019-06-30[1]) | |
• Total | 1,808 |
| • Density | 180/km2 (460/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 48-317 |
| Website | Official website |
Korfantów [kɔrˈfantuf] (German: Friedland in Oberschlesien, Silesian: Fyrlōnd), formerly known in Polish as Fryląd, is a town in the Opole Voivodeship of southwestern Poland, with 1,808 inhabitants (2019). In 1946 the town was renamed in honour of politician and activist Wojciech Korfanty, however, the previous name Fryląd is still in use.
Geography
[edit]Korfantów is located in the Niemodlin Plain (Równina Niemodlińska), in the historical region of Silesia. The total area inside the town's boundary is 10,23 km2.[2]
Etymology
[edit]The former name of the settlement was Hurtlanth or Hurthland. Other documents refer to the town as: Fredland, Fredelant, Fredlandt, Fridland, Freijland, and Friedland. The locality's Polish name was based on the German name, and had various forms: Ferląd, Ferlondt, Frydląd, Fyrląd, and Fryląd, officially adopted in 1945. In 1946, in the aftermath of World War II, due to the German origin of the name, the town was renamed after Wojciech Korfanty.[3]
History
[edit]
Until 1532 the area was in the possession of Polish princes of the Silesian Piast Dynasty. Simultaneously, an influx of German settlers caused the town to develop; it became the property of wealthy German and Silesian nobles. In 1632, the Swedes plundered Friedland and surrounding villages during the Thirty Years' War. Over the next decades the town also suffered due to plagues and fires. At that time, Friedland was part of the Kingdom of Bohemia within the Habsburg monarchy. In 1645 it returned to Poland under the House of Vasa, and in 1666 it fell to Bohemia again, however, it was ceded to Prussia after Frederick II the Great emerged victorious in the mid-18th century Silesian Wars. In the 19th century, despite Prussian and German rule, Catholic services were still held in Polish alongside German.[4] It was part of Germany from 1871 until the end of World War II in 1945, when, under the Potsdam Agreement, it was reassigned to Poland.[5] During World War II, the Polenlager 85 Nazi German concentration camp for Poles was based in the town in 1942–1943.[5] A mass grave of its prisoners is located at the local parish cemetery.[5]
Economy
[edit]
In the interwar period, there were 152 registered businesses in Korfantów, namely in the services, trade and food production sectors. After World War II, the town lost its former importance as the agricultural centre in the Nysa County. This was largely the effect of war losses, requisitioning, plunder and the Red Army's war commissar's rule over the locality in 1945, as well as poor political decisions. Later, the regime of the Polish People's Republic caused much impoverishment and financial instability, therefore, it was not until the reintroduction of the free market in 1989 that economic growth began to return. As of 2015, 52% of the Gmina Korfantów populace lives off the agricultural sector.[6][7]
Notable people
[edit]- Carl Friedrich von Pückler-Burghauss (1886–1945), Waffen SS General
- Maria Kornek (born 1960), Polish Olympic field hockey player
- Lucyna Siejka (born 1962), Polish Olympic field hockey player
Twin towns – sister cities
[edit]See twin towns of Gmina Korfantów.
References
[edit]- ^ "Population. Size and structure and vital statistics in Poland by territorial division in 2019. As of 30th June". stat.gov.pl. Statistics Poland. 2019-10-15. Retrieved 2020-02-14.
- ^ www.ideo.pl, ideo -. "Powierzchnia i ludność w przekroju terytorialnym w 2013 r." stat.gov.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ^ "Zabytki - Urząd Miejski w Korfantowie". www.korfantow.pl. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom II, Warszawa, 1881, p. 425 (in Polish)
- ^ a b c "Kronika miasta Korfantów - I połowa XX wieku". Urząd Miejski w Korfantowie (in Polish). Retrieved 20 March 2020.
- ^ "Korfantów". www.polskawliczbach.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 1 February 2017.
- ^ "Komunikaty dla rolników - Urząd Miejski w Korfantowie". www.korfantow.pl. Retrieved 1 February 2017.
External links
[edit]- Jewish Community in Korfantów on Virtual Shtetl
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Korfantów.
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