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{{Short description|Extinct genus of reptiles}}
{{Automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|fossil_range = [[Late Cretaceous]]
|fossil_range = [[Late Cretaceous]]
|image = Trinacromerum_ROM_Dec29_07.png
|image = Trinacromerum Royal Ontario Museum.jpg
|image_caption = A cast specimen of ''Trinacromerum kirki'' at the [[Royal Ontario Museum]]
|image_caption = Mounted ''T. kirki'' cast at the [[Royal Ontario Museum]]
|taxon = Trinacromerum
|taxon = Trinacromerum
|authority = Cragin, 1888
|authority = Cragin, 1888
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision_ranks = Species
|subdivision =
|subdivision =
*''T. bentonianum'' <small>Cragin, 1888 ([[Type species|type]])</small>
*{{extinct}}'''''T. bentonianum''''' <small>Cragin, 1888 ([[Type species|type]])</small>
*''T. kirki'' <small>Russell, 1935</small>
*{{extinct}}'''''T. kirki''''' <small>Russell, 1935</small>
}}
}}


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The long flippers of ''Trinacromerum'' enabled it to achieve high swimming speeds.<ref name="ellis-189">{{cite book
The long flippers of ''Trinacromerum'' enabled it to achieve high swimming speeds.<ref name="ellis-189">{{cite book
|title=Sea Dragons: Predators of the Prehistoric Oceans
|title=Sea Dragons: Predators of the Prehistoric Oceans
|last=Ellis|first=Richard|authorlink=Richard Ellis (biologist)
|last=Ellis|first=Richard|author-link=Richard Ellis (biologist)
|publisher=[[University Press of Kansas]]
|publisher=[[University Press of Kansas]]
|year=2003
|year=2003
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==Classification==
==Classification==
⚫
[[File:Trinacromerum BW.jpg|thumb|''T. bentonianum'' [[life restoration]]]]
[[File:ROM - Trinacromerum.jpg|thumb|Profile view of a cast of a Manitoban specimen of ''Trinacromerum kirki'']]
⚫
Below is a cladogram of polycotylid relationships from Ketchum & Benson, 2011.<ref name=Marmornectes>{{cite journal |author1=Hilary F. Ketchum |author2=Roger B. J. Benson |year=2011 |title=A new pliosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of England: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early-Middle Jurassic pliosaurids |journal=Special Papers in Palaeontology |volume=86 |pages=109–129 }}</ref>
⚫
[[File:Trinacromerum BW.jpg|thumb|''Trinacromerum bentonianum'' from the Late Cretaceous of Kansas]]
⚫
Below is a cladogram of polycotylid relationships from Ketchum & Benson, 2011.<ref name=Marmornectes>{{cite journal |authors=Hilary F. Ketchum and Roger B. J. Benson |year=2011 |title=A new pliosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of England: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early-Middle Jurassic pliosaurids |journal=Special Papers in Palaeontology |volume=86 |issue= |pages=109–129 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2011.01083.x }}</ref>


{{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%
{{clade| style=font-size:85%;line-height:85%
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==External links==
==External links==
⚫
* [http://fossilworks.org/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=172364 PaleoDB entry on Manitoba discovery]
{{Wikispecies}}
{{Wikispecies}}
⚫
* [https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=172364 PaleoDB entry on Manitoba discovery]


{{Plesiosauria}}
{{Plesiosauria|Leptocleidia}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2715504}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2715504}}


[[Category:Late Cretaceous plesiosaurs of North America]]
[[Category:Late Cretaceous plesiosaurs of North America]]
[[Category:Polycotylids]]
[[Category:Polycotylids]]
[[Category:Sauropterygian genera]]
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 1888]]




Latest revision as of 09:11, 18 November 2024

Trinacromerum
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous
Mounted T. kirki cast at the Royal Ontario Museum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Superorder: †Sauropterygia
Order: †Plesiosauria
Family: †Polycotylidae
Genus: †Trinacromerum
Cragin, 1888
Species
  • †T. bentonianum Cragin, 1888 (type)
  • †T. kirki Russell, 1935

Trinacromerum is an extinct genus of sauropterygian reptile, a member of the polycotylid plesiosaurs. It contains two species, T. bentonianum and T. kirki. Specimens have been discovered in the Late Cretaceous fossil deposits of what is now modern Kansas and Manitoba.[1]

Description

[edit]
Trinacromerum with a human to scale

Trinacromerum was 3 meters (9.8 feet) long. Its teeth show that it fed on small fish.[1]

The long flippers of Trinacromerum enabled it to achieve high swimming speeds.[1] Its physical appearance was described by Richard Ellis as akin to a "four-flippered penguin."[2] Its name means "three tipped femur".

Classification

[edit]
T. bentonianum life restoration

Below is a cladogram of polycotylid relationships from Ketchum & Benson, 2011.[3]

Plesiosauroidea 

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Ellis, Richard (2003). Sea Dragons: Predators of the Prehistoric Oceans. University Press of Kansas. p. 189. ISBN 0-7006-1269-6.
  2. ^ Ellis, 190
  3. ^ Hilary F. Ketchum; Roger B. J. Benson (2011). "A new pliosaurid (Sauropterygia, Plesiosauria) from the Oxford Clay Formation (Middle Jurassic, Callovian) of England: evidence for a gracile, longirostrine grade of Early-Middle Jurassic pliosaurids". Special Papers in Palaeontology. 86: 109–129.
[edit]
Wikispecies has information related to Trinacromerum.


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