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Coordinates: 48°00′41″N 23°34′20″E / 48.01139°N 23.57222°E / 48.01139; 23.57222
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{{short description|City in Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{short description|City in Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = Tiachiv
| name = Tiachiv
| native_name = Тячів
| native_name = {{Lang|uk|Тячів}}
| native_name_lang = uk
| other_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = City of district significance
| settlement_type = [[List of cities in Ukraine|City]]
| image_skyline = Tiachiv Panorama (5668-5670).jpg
| image_skyline = Tiachiv Panorama (5668-5670).jpg
| imagesize = 300px
| image_caption = Tyachiv panorama
| imagesize = 300px
| image_caption = City centre panorama
| image_flag = Tachiv prapor.png
| image_shield = Tjachv gerb.png
| image_flag = Tachiv prapor.png
| nickname =
| image_shield = Tjachv gerb.png
| motto =
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_map =
| image_map =
| mapsize = 250px
| mapsize = 250px
| pushpin_map = Ukraine Zakarpattia Oblast##Ukraine
⚫
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map = Ukraine Zakarpattia Oblast
⚫
| pushpin_map_caption = Map of Zakarpattia Oblast with Tiachiv##Location of Tiachiv within Ukraine
⚫
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|48|00|41|N|23|34|20|E|region:UA-21|display=inline,title}}
⚫
| pushpin_map_caption = Map of Zakarpattia Oblast with Tyachiv.
⚫
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| pushpin_map1 = Ukraine
⚫
| subdivision_name = {{UKR}}
| pushpin_map_caption1 = Location of Tyachiv
⚫
| subdivision_type1 = [[Oblasts of Ukraine|Oblast]]
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|48|00|41|N|23|34|20|E|region:UA-21|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_name1 = [[Zakarpattia Oblast]]
⚫
| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
⚫
| subdivision_type2 = [[Raions of Ukraine|Raion]]
⚫
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Ukraine}}
⚫
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tiachiv Raion]]
⚫
| subdivision_type1 = [[Subdivisions of Ukraine|Oblast]]
⚫
| established_title = Founded
| subdivision_name1 = [[File:Coat of Arms of Transcarpathian Oblast.png|20px]] [[Zakarpattia Oblast]]
| established_date = 1326
⚫
| subdivision_type2 = [[Raion]]
| established_title1 = Incorporated
⚫
| subdivision_name2 = [[Tiachiv Raion]]
| established_date1 = 1961
⚫
| established_title = Founded
| established_date = 1326
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| established_title1 = Incorporated
| leader_name = Іvan Kovach (Ivan Kovacs)
| established_date1 = 1961
| area_total_km2 =
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| area_land_km2 =
⚫
| area_water_km2 =
| leader_name = Іvan Kovach (Ivan Kovacs)
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_m =
⚫
| population_footnotes =
| area_land_km2 =
⚫
| population_total = 8887
⚫
| area_water_km2 =
⚫
| population_as_of = 2022
| elevation_m =
| population_density_km2 = 1839.780
⚫
| population_footnotes =
| population_metro =
⚫
| population_total = 8943
| population_note =
⚫
| population_as_of = 2021
| population_density_km2 = 1839.780
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
| population_metro =
| utc_offset = +1
| population_note =
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| timezone = [[Central European Time|CET]]
⚫
| postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]
| utc_offset = +1
⚫
| postal_code = 90500
| timezone_DST = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| area_code = +380-3134
⚫
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
⚫
| postal_code_type = [[Postal code]]
⚫
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Humid continental climate#Mild/cool summer subtype|Dfb]]
⚫
| postal_code = 90500
| area_code = +380-3134
| website = {{URL|http://tyachiv.in.ua/}}
⚫
| footnotes =
⚫
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Hromada]]
⚫
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Humid continental climate#Mild/cool summer subtype|Dfb]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Tiachiv urban hromada]]
| website = {{URL|http://tyachiv.in.ua/}}
⚫
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Tiachiv''' ({{lang-uk|Тячів}}; {{lang-rue|Тячово}}; {{lang-hu|Técső}}; {{lang-yi|טעטש|translit=Tetch}}) is a [[city]] located on the [[Tisza|Tisza River]] in [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] ([[Oblast|region]]) in western [[Ukraine]]. It is the administrative center of [[Tiachiv Raion]] ([[Raion|district]]). Today, the population is {{Ua-pop-est2021|8,943}}.
'''Tiachiv''' ({{langx|uk|Тячів}}, {{IPA|uk|ˈtʲɑtʃiu̯|ipa}}; {{langx|rue|Тячово}}; {{langx|hu|Técső}}; {{langx|yi|טעטש|translit=Tetsh}}) is a [[List of cities in Ukraine|city]] located on the [[Tisza|Tisza River]] in [[Zakarpattia Oblast]] ([[Oblast|region]]) in western [[Ukraine]]. It is the administrative center of [[Tiachiv Raion]] ([[Raion|district]]). Today, the population is {{Ua-pop-est2022|8,887|.}}


==Names==
==Names==
There are several alternative names used for this city:
There are several alternative names used for this city: [[Rusyn language|Rusyn]]: Тячево, [[Yiddish]]: טעטש or ''Tetch'', [[German language|German]]: ''Groß-Teutschenau'', [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]: ''Técső'', [[Romanian language|Romanian]]: ''Teceu Mare'', [[Slovak language|Slovak]]: ''Ťačiv'' or historically ''Tačovo'', {{lang-ru|Тячев}}.
* {{langx|rue|Тячово|Tjachovo}}<!--BGN romanization-->
* {{langx|yi|טעטש|Tetsh}}
* {{langx|de|Groß-Teutschenau}}
* {{langx|hu|Técső}}
* {{langx|ro|Teceu Mare}}
* {{langx|sk|Ťačiv}} or historically ''Tačovo''
* {{langx|ru|Тячев|Tyachev}}
* {{langx|be|Цячаў|Ciačaŭ}}
* {{langx|pl|Tiaczów}}.


== History ==
== History ==
In the year 1211 the town was mentioned the first time as ''Tecu''. Later, in 1333 as ''Thecho'', in 1334 ''Teucev'', in 1335 ''Theuchev''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ivanciuc|first=Teofil|title=Primele atestări ale târgurilor de coroană maramureşene (The earliest mentions of the Maramureş Royal Market Towns)|url=https://www.academia.edu/35510825|journal=Revista Arhivei Maramureşene|language=en}}</ref> The town was founded by Saxon and Hungarian colonists in the second half of 13 century. Until 1920, as part of [[Máramaros County]] it was part of the [[Kingdom of Hungary]]. In 1939, following the annexation of the whole of [[Carpathian Ruthenia]], the city became again part of [[Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)|Hungary]] until the end of [[World War II]].
In the year 1211, the town was mentioned for the first time as ''Tecu''. Later, in 1333 as ''Thecho'', in 1334 ''Teucev'', in 1335 ''Theuchev''.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ivanciuc|first=Teofil|title=Primele atestări ale târgurilor de coroană maramureşene (The earliest mentions of the Maramureş Royal Market Towns)|url=https://www.academia.edu/35510825|journal=Revista Arhivei Maramureşene|language=en}}</ref> The town was founded by Saxon and Hungarian colonists in the second half of 13 century. Until 1920, as part of [[Máramaros County]] it was part of the [[Kingdom of Hungary]]. In 1939, following the annexation of the whole of [[Carpathian Ruthenia]], the city became again part of [[Kingdom of Hungary (1920–1946)|Hungary]] until the end of [[World War II]].


===Jewish history===
===Jewish history===
Upon the departure of Rabbi [[Chananya Yom Tov Lipa Teitelbaum]], called the "''Ba'al Kedushes Yom Tov''" ({{lang-he|{{Script/Hebrew|בעל קדושת יום טוב}}}}) who was the city's rabbi until [[Zalman Leib Teitelbaum|his father]]'s death, the town replaced him with his brother, Rabbi Eliyahu Betzalel Teitelbaum.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gross |first1=S. Y. |last2=Kohen |first2=Y. Y. |year=1983 |title=Sefer Marmarosh |url=http://hebrewbooks.org//pdfpager.aspx?req=51115&pgnum=493 |pages=303–305 |language=Hebrew |lccn=84247905}}</ref>
Upon the departure of Rabbi [[Chananya Yom Tov Lipa Teitelbaum]], called the "''Ba'al Kedushes Yom Tov''" ({{langx|he|{{Script/Hebrew|בעל קדושת יום טוב}}}}) who was the city's rabbi until [[Zalman Leib Teitelbaum|his father]]'s death, the town replaced him with his brother, Rabbi Eliyahu Betzalel Teitelbaum.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Gross |first1=S. Y. |last2=Kohen |first2=Y. Y. |year=1983 |title=Sefer Marmarosh |url=http://hebrewbooks.org//pdfpager.aspx?req=51115&pgnum=493 |pages=303–305 |language=Hebrew |lccn=84247905}}</ref>


A few years after Rabbi Eliyahu Betzalel's death, his son, Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum, was appointed to the rabbinate, but died soon after, leaving the position vacant for several years, until he was succeeded by Rabbi Mayer Gruenwald, son of Rabbi Avrohom Yosef of Ungvar, son of Rabbi [[Moshe Greenwald]] of [[Khust|Chust]], Hungary and progenitor of the [[Pupa (Hasidic dynasty)|Pupa]] [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic]] [[Hasidic dynasties|dynasty]], who inherited the previous rabbi's position upon marrying his daughter in 1928.
A few years after Rabbi Eliyahu Betzalel's death, his son, Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum, was appointed to the rabbinate, but died soon after, leaving the position vacant for several years, until he was succeeded by Rabbi Mayer Gruenwald, son of Rabbi Avrohom Yosef of Ungvar, son of Rabbi [[Moshe Greenwald]] of [[Khust|Chust]], Hungary and progenitor of the [[Pupa (Hasidic dynasty)|Pupa]] [[Hasidic Judaism|Hasidic]] [[Hasidic dynasties|dynasty]], who inherited the previous rabbi's position upon marrying his daughter in 1928.
Line 71: Line 81:
Rabbi Mayer established a [[yeshiva]] for 45 teenagers (''bochurim'', "Yeshiva students").{{cn|date=January 2014}} In January 1940, Rabbi [[Joel Teitelbaum]] of [[Satmer]] visited the town to support his cousin Rabbi Chaim Teitelbaum's claim to the rabbinate.{{cn|date=January 2014}} The settlement reached a peak of 1,000 Jewish inhabitants by the year 1940.
Rabbi Mayer established a [[yeshiva]] for 45 teenagers (''bochurim'', "Yeshiva students").{{cn|date=January 2014}} In January 1940, Rabbi [[Joel Teitelbaum]] of [[Satmer]] visited the town to support his cousin Rabbi Chaim Teitelbaum's claim to the rabbinate.{{cn|date=January 2014}} The settlement reached a peak of 1,000 Jewish inhabitants by the year 1940.


In late May, 1944, the Nazis marched into town. Shortly thereafter the town's Jewish residents were deported to concentration camps. Rabbi Teitelbaum was put alive in fire, and Rabbi Grunwald and his family were taken to death camps in [[Auschwitz]]. While his wife and 9 children perished in [[Auschwitz]],{{cn|date=January 2014}} Rabbi Grunwald survived and after the war was instrumental in establishing and strengthening Orthodox Judaism{{cn|date=January 2014}} in [[Toronto]]. He died in 1965.
In late May, 1944, the Nazis marched into town. Shortly thereafter the town's Jewish residents were deported to concentration camps. Rabbi Teitelbaum was put alive in fire, and Rabbi Grunwald and his family were taken to death camps in [[Auschwitz]]. While his wife and 9 children were murdered in [[Auschwitz]],{{cn|date=January 2014}} Rabbi Grunwald survived and after the war was instrumental in establishing and strengthening Orthodox Judaism{{cn|date=January 2014}} in [[Toronto]]. He died in 1965.


==Demographics==
==Demographics==
Line 86: Line 96:
| value4 = 1.0
| value4 = 1.0
}}
}}
In 2001, the population of Tiachiv region included mainly Ukrainians (83.2%), followed by Romanians (12.4%). There were 2.9% Hungarians and 1.0% Russians. The remaining people made up 0.5% of the population.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/Zakarpattia/ |title=Всеукраїнський перепис населення 2001 &#124; English version &#124; Results &#124; General results of the census &#124; National composition of population &#124; Zakarpattia region |accessdate=2007-03-17 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911044252/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/Zakarpattia/ |archivedate=2007-09-11 }}</ref>
In 2001, the population of the Tiachiv region included mainly Ukrainians (83.2%), followed by Romanians (12.4%). There were 2.9% Hungarians and 1.0% Russians. The remaining people made up 0.5% of the population.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/Zakarpattia/ |title=Всеукраїнський перепис населення 2001 &#124; English version &#124; Results &#124; General results of the census &#124; National composition of population &#124; Zakarpattia region |accessdate=2007-03-17 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911044252/http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results/general/nationality/Zakarpattia/ |archivedate=2007-09-11 }}</ref>


==Climate==
==Geography==
===Climate===
The climate in Tiachiv is a [[Humid continental climate#Mild/cool summer subtype|mild/cool summer subtype]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dfb'') of the [[humid continental climate]].
The climate in Tiachiv is a [[Humid continental climate#Mild/cool summer subtype|mild/cool summer subtype]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dfb'') of the [[humid continental climate]].


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[[File:Тячев,синагога-Tyachev,former synagogue.jpg|right|thumb|Former synagogue]]
[[File:Тячев,синагога-Tyachev,former synagogue.jpg|right|thumb|Former synagogue]]
Tiachiv is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
Tiachiv is [[Twin towns and sister cities|twinned]] with:
* {{flagicon|UKR}} [[Bucha, Ukraine|Bucha]], Ukraine
* {{flagicon|UKR}} [[Bucha, Kyiv Oblast|Bucha]], Ukraine
* {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Nagykálló]], Hungary
* {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Nagykálló]], Hungary
* {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Jászberény]], Hungary
* {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Jászberény]], Hungary
Line 138: Line 149:
* {{flagicon|ROU}} [[Negrești-Oaș]], Romania
* {{flagicon|ROU}} [[Negrești-Oaș]], Romania
* {{flagicon|SVK}} [[Bardejov]], Slovakia
* {{flagicon|SVK}} [[Bardejov]], Slovakia
* {{flagicon|HUN}} [[Pestszentlőrinc-Pestszentimre]], Hungary
* {{flagicon|CZE}} [[Chotěboř]], Czech Republic


==Notable natives and residents==
==Notable people==
*[[Simon Hollósy]], Hungarian painter and prominent teacher, a member of the influential [[Nagybánya artists' colony]] founded in 1896; he lived and taught here during the summers beginning in 1902, and died here in 1918.
*[[Simon Hollósy]], Hungarian painter and prominent teacher, a member of the influential [[Nagybánya artists' colony]] founded in 1896; he lived and taught here during the summers beginning in 1902, and died here in 1918.


Latest revision as of 06:44, 19 November 2024

Tiachiv
Тячів
City
City centre panorama
City centre panorama
Flag of Tiachiv
Flag
Coat of arms of Tiachiv
Coat of arms
Tiachiv is located in Zakarpattia Oblast
Tiachiv
Tiachiv
Map of Zakarpattia Oblast with Tiachiv
Tiachiv is located in Ukraine
Tiachiv
Tiachiv
Location of Tiachiv within Ukraine
Coordinates: 48°00′41″N 23°34′20″E / 48.01139°N 23.57222°E / 48.01139; 23.57222
Country Ukraine
OblastZakarpattia Oblast
RaionTiachiv Raion
HromadaTiachiv urban hromada
Founded1326
Incorporated1961
Government
 • MayorІvan Kovach (Ivan Kovacs)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total
8,887
 • Density1,839.780/km2 (4,765.01/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
90500
Area code+380-3134
ClimateDfb
Websitetyachiv.in.ua

Tiachiv (Ukrainian: Тячів, IPA: [ˈtʲɑtʃiu̯]; Rusyn: Тячово; Hungarian: Técső; Yiddish: טעטש, romanized: Tetsh) is a city located on the Tisza River in Zakarpattia Oblast (region) in western Ukraine. It is the administrative center of Tiachiv Raion (district). Today, the population is 8,887 (2022 estimate).[1]

Names

[edit]

There are several alternative names used for this city:

History

[edit]

In the year 1211, the town was mentioned for the first time as Tecu. Later, in 1333 as Thecho, in 1334 Teucev, in 1335 Theuchev.[2] The town was founded by Saxon and Hungarian colonists in the second half of 13 century. Until 1920, as part of Máramaros County it was part of the Kingdom of Hungary. In 1939, following the annexation of the whole of Carpathian Ruthenia, the city became again part of Hungary until the end of World War II.

Jewish history

[edit]

Upon the departure of Rabbi Chananya Yom Tov Lipa Teitelbaum, called the "Ba'al Kedushes Yom Tov" (Hebrew: בעל קדושת יום טוב‎) who was the city's rabbi until his father's death, the town replaced him with his brother, Rabbi Eliyahu Betzalel Teitelbaum.[3]

A few years after Rabbi Eliyahu Betzalel's death, his son, Rabbi Moshe Teitelbaum, was appointed to the rabbinate, but died soon after, leaving the position vacant for several years, until he was succeeded by Rabbi Mayer Gruenwald, son of Rabbi Avrohom Yosef of Ungvar, son of Rabbi Moshe Greenwald of Chust, Hungary and progenitor of the Pupa Hasidic dynasty, who inherited the previous rabbi's position upon marrying his daughter in 1928.

Rabbi Chaim Teitelbaum, Eliyahu Betzalel's other son, was the rabbi of the community of the Sighet hasidim, and was supported by the followers of the Kosov sect as well.

Rabbi Mayer established a yeshiva for 45 teenagers (bochurim, "Yeshiva students").[citation needed] In January 1940, Rabbi Joel Teitelbaum of Satmer visited the town to support his cousin Rabbi Chaim Teitelbaum's claim to the rabbinate.[citation needed] The settlement reached a peak of 1,000 Jewish inhabitants by the year 1940.

In late May, 1944, the Nazis marched into town. Shortly thereafter the town's Jewish residents were deported to concentration camps. Rabbi Teitelbaum was put alive in fire, and Rabbi Grunwald and his family were taken to death camps in Auschwitz. While his wife and 9 children were murdered in Auschwitz,[citation needed] Rabbi Grunwald survived and after the war was instrumental in establishing and strengthening Orthodox Judaism[citation needed] in Toronto. He died in 1965.

Demographics

[edit]

2001 census

  Ukrainians (83.2%)
  Romanians (12.4%)
  Hungarians (2.9%)
  Russians (1.0%)
  Other (0.5%)

In 2001, the population of the Tiachiv region included mainly Ukrainians (83.2%), followed by Romanians (12.4%). There were 2.9% Hungarians and 1.0% Russians. The remaining people made up 0.5% of the population.[4]

Geography

[edit]

Climate

[edit]

The climate in Tiachiv is a mild/cool summer subtype (Köppen: Dfb) of the humid continental climate.

Climate data for Tiachiv
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Daily mean °C (°F) −3.1
(26.4) 		−0.8
(30.6) 		4.2
(39.6) 		10.0
(50.0) 		14.9
(58.8) 		17.8
(64.0) 		19.3
(66.7) 		18.9
(66.0) 		15.2
(59.4) 		9.8
(49.6) 		4.1
(39.4) 		−0.4
(31.3) 		9.2
(48.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 51
(2.0) 		45
(1.8) 		44
(1.7) 		54
(2.1) 		77
(3.0) 		99
(3.9) 		84
(3.3) 		75
(3.0) 		48
(1.9) 		45
(1.8) 		55
(2.2) 		68
(2.7) 		745
(29.4)
Source: Climate-Data.org[5]

Twin towns — sister cities

[edit]
Former synagogue

Tiachiv is twinned with:

Notable people

[edit]
  • Simon Hollósy, Hungarian painter and prominent teacher, a member of the influential Nagybánya artists' colony founded in 1896; he lived and taught here during the summers beginning in 1902, and died here in 1918.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
  2. ^ Ivanciuc, Teofil. "Primele atestări ale târgurilor de coroană maramureşene (The earliest mentions of the Maramureş Royal Market Towns)". Revista Arhivei Maramureşene.
  3. ^ Gross, S. Y.; Kohen, Y. Y. (1983). Sefer Marmarosh (in Hebrew). pp. 303–305. LCCN 84247905.
  4. ^ "Всеукраїнський перепис населення 2001 | English version | Results | General results of the census | National composition of population | Zakarpattia region". Archived from the original on 2007-09-11. Retrieved 2007-03-17.
  5. ^ "Climate: Tiachiv". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 1 May 2014.
[edit]
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