1921 Ceylonese Legislative Council election: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox election |
{{Infobox election |
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| seats_for_election = 19 seats to the [[Legislative Council of Ceylon]] <br /> 10 seats were needed for a majority |
| seats_for_election = 19 seats to the [[Legislative Council of Ceylon]] <br /> 10 seats were needed for a majority |
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| election_date = 21 April 1921 |
| election_date = 21 April 1921 |
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The third '''election to the [[Legislative Council of Ceylon]]''' was held on 21 April 1921.<ref>http://www.island.lk/2004/03/31/opinio02.html</ref> |
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The third '''election to the [[Legislative Council of Ceylon]]''' was held on 21 April 1921.<ref name="mskm">{{cite web |author1=M Sarath |author2=K Munasinghe |title=Political clergymen of the past |url=http://www.island.lk/2004/03/31/opinio02.html |website=www.island.lk |publisher=The Island, Sri Lanka |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303205653/http://www.island.lk/2004/03/31/opinio02.html |archive-date=3 March 2016 |url-status=dead |date=31 March 2004 |access-date=6 February 2010 }}</ref> |
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==Background== |
==Background== |
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In 1833 the Colebrooke-Cameron Commission created the Legislative Council of Ceylon, the first step in representative government in [[British Ceylon]]. Initially the Legislative Council consisted of 16 members: the [[British governors of Ceylon|British Governor]], the five appointed members of the [[Executive Council of Ceylon]], four other government officials and six appointed [[unofficial member]]s (three [[Europe]]ans, one [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]], one [[Tamil people|Tamil]] and one [[Burgher people|Burgher]]). |
In 1833 the Colebrooke-Cameron Commission created the Legislative Council of Ceylon, the first step in representative government in [[British Ceylon]]. Initially the Legislative Council consisted of 16 members: the [[British governors of Ceylon|British Governor]], the five appointed members of the [[Executive Council of Ceylon]], four other government officials and six appointed [[unofficial member]]s (three [[Europe]]ans, one [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]], one [[Tamil people|Tamil]] and one [[Burgher people|Burgher]]). |
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In 1889 the number of appointed unofficial members was increased to eight (three Europeans, one Low Country Sinhalese, one Kandyan Sinhalese, one Tamil, one [[Sri Lankan Moors|Muslim]] and one Burgher).<ref name="so251205">{{cite news|url= |
In 1889 the number of appointed unofficial members was increased to eight (three Europeans, one Low Country Sinhalese, one Kandyan Sinhalese, one Tamil, one [[Sri Lankan Moors|Muslim]] and one Burgher).<ref name="so251205">{{cite news|url=https://archives.sundayobserver.lk/2005/12/25/fea104.html|title=People and State Power|last=Wijesinghe|first=Sam|date=25 December 2005|publisher=Sunday Observer, Sri Lanka|access-date=7 February 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110605111144/http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2005/12/25/fea104.html|archive-date=5 June 2011}}</ref> |
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The Legislative Council was reformed in 1910 by the ''McCallum Reforms''. Membership was increased to 21 of which 11 were officially appointed and 10 were unofficial (two elected Europeans, one elected Burgher, one elected educated [[Ceylonese]], two appointed Low Country Sinhalese, two appointed Tamils, one appointed Kandyan Sinhalese and one appointed Muslim).<ref name="Rajasingham2">{{cite web|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/CH18Df04.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217124233/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/CH18Df04.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=17 February 2009|title=SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY Chapter 2: Beginning of British Rule |last=K T Rajasingham |date=18 August 2001|work=Asia Times}}</ref> Less than 3,000 Ceylonese were eligible to vote for the four elected unofficial members.<ref name="Rajasingham2"/> |
The Legislative Council was reformed in 1910 by the ''McCallum Reforms''. Membership was increased to 21 of which 11 were officially appointed and 10 were unofficial (two elected Europeans, one elected Burgher, one elected educated [[Demographics of Sri Lanka|Ceylonese]], two appointed Low Country Sinhalese, two appointed Tamils, one appointed Kandyan Sinhalese and one appointed Muslim).<ref name="Rajasingham2">{{cite web|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/CH18Df04.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090217124233/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/CH18Df04.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=17 February 2009|title=SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY Chapter 2: Beginning of British Rule |last=K T Rajasingham |date=18 August 2001|work=Asia Times}}</ref> Less than 3,000 Ceylonese were eligible to vote for the four elected unofficial members.<ref name="Rajasingham2"/> |
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Further reforms were enacted in 1920 by the ''First Manning Reforms''. Membership was increased to 37 of which 14 were officially appointed and 23 were unofficial (11 elected on a territorial basis, five elected Europeans, two elected Burghers, one elected to represent the Chamber of Commerce, two appointed Kandyan Sinhalese, one appointed Muslim and one appointed [[Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka|Indian Tamil]].<ref name="Rajasingham4">{{cite web|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/CI01Df03.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010909181036/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/CI01Df03.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=9 September 2001|title=SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY Chapter 4: The Ceylon National Congress and its intrigues |last=K T Rajasingham |date=1 September 2001|work=Asia Times}}</ref> |
Further reforms were enacted in 1920 by the ''First Manning Reforms''. Membership was increased to 37 of which 14 were officially appointed and 23 were unofficial (11 elected on a territorial basis, five elected Europeans, two elected Burghers, one elected to represent the Chamber of Commerce, two appointed Kandyan Sinhalese, one appointed Muslim and one appointed [[Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka|Indian Tamil]].<ref name="Rajasingham4">{{cite web|url=http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/CI01Df03.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20010909181036/http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/CI01Df03.html|url-status=unfit|archive-date=9 September 2001|title=SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY Chapter 4: The Ceylon National Congress and its intrigues |last=K T Rajasingham |date=1 September 2001|work=Asia Times}}</ref> |
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==Elected unofficial members== |
==Elected unofficial members== |
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The following were some of the elected unofficial members, by constituency: |
The following were some of the elected unofficial members, by constituency: |
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* [[Central Province, Sri Lanka|Central Province]] – [[Gerard Wijeyekoon]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
* [[Central Province, Sri Lanka|Central Province]] – [[Gerard Wijeyekoon]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* [[Eastern Province, Sri Lanka|Eastern Province]] – [[E. R. Tambimuthu]], elected unopposed.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.island.lk/2004/04/05/featur03.html|title=Geography is thicker than blood: Prabhakaran (North) – Karuna (East) feud in context|last=Shantha K. Hennayake|date=5 April 2004|publisher=The Island, Sri Lanka|access-date=7 February 2010}}</ref> |
* [[Eastern Province, Sri Lanka|Eastern Province]] – [[E. R. Tambimuthu]], elected unopposed.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.island.lk/2004/04/05/featur03.html|title=Geography is thicker than blood: Prabhakaran (North) – Karuna (East) feud in context|last=Shantha K. Hennayake|date=5 April 2004|publisher=The Island, Sri Lanka|access-date=7 February 2010|archive-date=17 June 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617045838/http://www.island.lk/2004/04/05/featur03.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> |
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* [[Northern Province, Sri Lanka|Northern Province]] – [[Waithilingam Duraiswamy]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
* [[Northern Province, Sri Lanka|Northern Province]] – [[Waithilingam Duraiswamy]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* [[North Central Province, Sri Lanka|North Central Province]] – E. R. Krishnaratne.<ref name="so251205"/> |
* [[North Central Province, Sri Lanka|North Central Province]] – E. R. Krishnaratne.<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* [[North Western Province, Sri Lanka|North Western Province]] – [[Charles Edgar Corea]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
* [[North Western Province, Sri Lanka|North Western Province]] – [[Charles Edgar Corea]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* [[Sabaragamuwa Province]] – W. E. Boteju, polled 615 votes.<ref |
* [[Sabaragamuwa Province]] – [[W. E. Boteju]], polled 615 votes.<ref name="mskm"/> |
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* [[Southern Province, Sri Lanka|Southern Province]] – [[O. C. Tillekeratne]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
* [[Southern Province, Sri Lanka|Southern Province]] – [[O. C. Tillekeratne]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* [[Uva Province]] – [[Henry |
* [[Uva Province]] – [[Henry Kotelawala]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* [[Western Province, Sri Lanka|Western Province]] [[Colombo]] – [[James Peiris]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
* [[Western Province, Sri Lanka|Western Province]] [[Colombo]] – [[James Peiris]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* [[Western Province, Sri Lanka|Western Province]] Division A – W. M. Rajapaksa.<ref name="so251205"/> |
* [[Western Province, Sri Lanka|Western Province]] Division A – [[W. M. Rajapaksa]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* [[Western Province, Sri Lanka|Western Province]] Division B – [[E. W. Perera]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
* [[Western Province, Sri Lanka|Western Province]] Division B – [[E. W. Perera]].<ref name="so251205"/> |
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* Chamber of Commerce (Low-Country Products Association) – [[Henry de Mel]], elected unopposed.<ref name="so251205"/> |
* Chamber of Commerce (Low-Country Products Association) – [[Henry de Mel]], elected unopposed.<ref name="so251205"/> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Latest revision as of 19:17, 19 November 2024
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19 seats to the Legislative Council of Ceylon 10 seats were needed for a majority | ||
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The third election to the Legislative Council of Ceylon was held on 21 April 1921.[1]
Background
[edit]In 1833 the Colebrooke-Cameron Commission created the Legislative Council of Ceylon, the first step in representative government in British Ceylon. Initially the Legislative Council consisted of 16 members: the British Governor, the five appointed members of the Executive Council of Ceylon, four other government officials and six appointed unofficial members (three Europeans, one Sinhalese, one Tamil and one Burgher).
In 1889 the number of appointed unofficial members was increased to eight (three Europeans, one Low Country Sinhalese, one Kandyan Sinhalese, one Tamil, one Muslim and one Burgher).[2]
The Legislative Council was reformed in 1910 by the McCallum Reforms. Membership was increased to 21 of which 11 were officially appointed and 10 were unofficial (two elected Europeans, one elected Burgher, one elected educated Ceylonese, two appointed Low Country Sinhalese, two appointed Tamils, one appointed Kandyan Sinhalese and one appointed Muslim).[3] Less than 3,000 Ceylonese were eligible to vote for the four elected unofficial members.[3]
Further reforms were enacted in 1920 by the First Manning Reforms. Membership was increased to 37 of which 14 were officially appointed and 23 were unofficial (11 elected on a territorial basis, five elected Europeans, two elected Burghers, one elected to represent the Chamber of Commerce, two appointed Kandyan Sinhalese, one appointed Muslim and one appointed Indian Tamil.[4]
Elected unofficial members
[edit] |
The following were some of the elected unofficial members, by constituency:
- Central Province – Gerard Wijeyekoon.[2]
- Eastern Province – E. R. Tambimuthu, elected unopposed.[5]
- Northern Province – Waithilingam Duraiswamy.[2]
- North Central Province – E. R. Krishnaratne.[2]
- North Western Province – Charles Edgar Corea.[2]
- Sabaragamuwa Province – W. E. Boteju, polled 615 votes.[1]
- Southern Province – O. C. Tillekeratne.[2]
- Uva Province – Henry Kotelawala.[2]
- Western Province Colombo – James Peiris.[2]
- Western Province Division A – W. M. Rajapaksa.[2]
- Western Province Division B – E. W. Perera.[2]
- Chamber of Commerce (Low-Country Products Association) – Henry de Mel, elected unopposed.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ a b M Sarath; K Munasinghe (31 March 2004). "Political clergymen of the past". www.island.lk. The Island, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 6 February 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Wijesinghe, Sam (25 December 2005). "People and State Power". Sunday Observer, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original on 5 June 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2010.
- ^ a b K T Rajasingham (18 August 2001). "SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY Chapter 2: Beginning of British Rule". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 17 February 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ K T Rajasingham (1 September 2001). "SRI LANKA: THE UNTOLD STORY Chapter 4: The Ceylon National Congress and its intrigues". Asia Times. Archived from the original on 9 September 2001.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Shantha K. Hennayake (5 April 2004). "Geography is thicker than blood: Prabhakaran (North) – Karuna (East) feud in context". The Island, Sri Lanka. Archived from the original on 17 June 2011. Retrieved 7 February 2010.
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