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{{short description|Indian businessman|bot=PearBOT 5}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Anurag Dikshit
| image = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| image_upright =
| landscape = <!-- yes, if wide image, otherwise leave blank -->
| alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| caption =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| pronunciation =
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date = {{Birth year and age|1973}}
| birth_place = [[Jharkhand, India]]
| nationality = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| other_names =
| citizenship = <!-- use only when necessary per [[WP:INFONAT]] -->
| education =
| alma_mater = [[IIT Delhi]]
| occupation = [[Businessman]]
| years_active = 1990s-present
| era =
| employer =
| organization = Kusuma Trust
| known_for =
| movement =
| opponents =
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| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
| footnotes =
}}


'''Anurag Dikshit''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|d|ɪ|k|s|ɪ|t}}; born 1973) is an Indian businessman.<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/> In 2006 Dikshit became head of the online poker company [[PartyGaming]]'s research and special projects.<ref name="2006:ForbesB"/>
'''Anurag Dikshit''' ({{IPA-en|ˈdɪksɪt}}; is an [[India]]n origin businessman and Philanthropist. Together with his wife, Dr. Soma Pujari, He founded the Kusuma Trust, a charitable trust set up to improve the lives of the disadvantaged in society, primarily in India, by funding projects in education, at risk children, community support and healthcare. Anurag currently lives in Gibraltar with his family, where they are both also involved in philanthropic projects with their local community through the Katsuma Trust (Gibraltar).


By 2009, ''Forbes'' described him as a billionaire.<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/> In connection with PartyGaming, in 2009 he pled guilty to one count of [[online gambling]] in violation of the [[Federal Wire Act]] and received a $300&nbsp;million fine.<ref name="2009:ForbesA">[https://www.forbes.com/2009/10/20/billionaire-dikshit-partygaming-markets-faces-online-gambling.html Online Gambling Billionaire Cashes In]. Forbes.com (20 October 2009). Retrieved on 15 June 2011.</ref> After selling 23% of his stake in the company's [[initial public offering]], and a further two-thirds, in October 2009,<ref name="2009:GuardianA">[[Nils Pratley]], ''[[The Guardian]]'', 20 October 2009, [https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/oct/20/dealing-in-poker-profit Guardian.co.uk: Dealing in poker profit]</ref> he sold the remainder of his stake in PartyGaming in 2010.<ref name="2010:TelegraphA">''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', 25 January 2010 [https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/retailandconsumer/7074427/PartyGaming-founder-Anurag-Dikshit-severs-ties-with-company-after-114m-share-sale.html PartyGaming founder Anurag Dikshit severs ties with company after £114m share sale]</ref>
Born in [[Dhanbad, Jharkhand]]), Dikshit graduated with a Bachelor of Technology degree in Computer Science and Engineering from The Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi in 1994. He completed schooling at DeNobili School, FRI. Following graduation, Dikshit worked at CMC and later as a software developer in the United States, as a system analyst for Websci and later as a consultant for AT&T.


==Early life and education==
⚫
'''==1998 - PartyGaming=='''
Anurag Dikshit was born in October 1971.<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/> He was born in [[Jharkhand, India]].<ref name="2008:GuardianB"/> He spent his childhood going to school in the town of [[Dhanbad]].<ref name="KusuamHomeA"/> He completed schooling at [[De Nobili School, FRI]].{{citation needed|date=November 2023}}
At age 26, Dikshit was asked by PartyGaming founder, American Ruth Parasol, to write the company's betting software. His programme enabled gamblers around the world to play one another at poker. After seeing first hand Anurag's impressive skills with programming, he was given a large number of shares in the company to continue working with PartyGaming.


He has a bachelors degree in computer science and engineering from [[IIT Delhi]].{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} He graduated in 1994, and afterwards moved to the United States to work as a software developer.<ref name="2008:GuardianB"/>
'''==2000 - Party Poker=='''


==Career==
In the year 2000 Anurag hired a friend by the name of Vikrant Bhargava to begin working on Party Poker with him and others.
===CMC and AT&T===
Following graduation, Dikshit worked as a software developer in the United States at [[CMC Software|CMC]],{{citation needed|date=May 2024}} as a systems analyst, and later for [[WebSci|Websci]] and [[AT&T]] as a consultant.<ref name="2008:GuardianA">[https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/dec/16/anurag-dikshit-profile Anurag Dikshit – High roller who came late to the poker party]. ''The Guardian''. Retrieved on 15 June 2011.</ref><ref name="2008:GuardianB"/>


===PartyGaming board===
In May 2006, Dikshit stepped down from Party Gaming's Board of directors to develop new products as head of the company's research and special projects and left Party Gaming completely in November 2006.


In 1997, he and his college fellow alumni [[Vikrant Bhargava]] founded PartyPoker.com,<ref name="2006:ForbesB"/> with American [[Ruth Parasol]] hiring Dikshit to write the software in 1998.<ref name="2006:ForbesB"/> In 2005, Dikshit hired Bhargava for additional projects.<ref name="2008:GuardianA"/>
Despite Party Gaming being one of the first gaming companies to pull out of the US market, in December 2008, Dikshit agreed to cooperate with the US Justice Department in an investigation of Party Gaming. Dikshit entered the plea to one count of online gambling in violation of the Federal Wire Act and agreed to forfeit $300 million.


At age 25,<ref name="2008:GuardianA"/> Dikshit was asked by Parasol<ref name="2011:Bonita">[http://www.bonitatrust.org/ruth_parasol.html Ruth Parasol]. Bonitatrust.org. Retrieved on 15 June 2011.</ref> to write the betting software for her company Starluck Casino.<ref name="2008:GuardianA"/> He joined in 1998, one year after it was founded by Parasol,<ref name="2008:GuardianA"/><ref name="2009:ForbesA"/> and wrote the software that "allowed gamblers in different parts of the world to pay poker with one another."<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/> Starluck Casino was launched as PartyPoker in 2001 after Dikshit and Parasol switched their focus from [[roulette]] and [[blackjack]] to [[poker]].<ref name="2008:GuardianA"/> Since online gambling was illegal in the US at the time, the company's servers and offices were based in [[Gibraltar]], where Dikshit settled.<ref name="2008:GuardianB">{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/dec/16/anurag-dikshit-profile |title=Anurag Dikshit: High roller who came late to the poker party |date=16 December 2008 |first=Angela |last=Balakrishnan |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>
Dikshit no longer owns any shares in the company with the proceeds of the share sales completed in January 2010 having been donated to the Kusuma Trust.


The company floated on the [[London Stock Exchange]] in June 2005, with Dikshit earning a significant sum due to owning a considerable portion of the company.<ref name="2008:GuardianA"/> In May 2006 Dikshit stepped down from PartyGaming's board of directors<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/><ref name="2006:ForbesB"/> and took a position as head of the company's research and special projects.<ref name="2006:ForbesB">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060822051436/http://www.forbes.com/facesscan/2006/05/24/partygaming-billionaires-Dikshit-cx_po_0524autofacescan06.html PartyGaming's Dikshit quits board]. Forbes (24 May 2006). Retrieved on 15 June 2011.</ref> In that position, he developed new products but largely stepped back from media appearances.<ref name="2008:GuardianA"/> He also became PartyGaming's chief operations officer.<ref name="2006:ForbesB"/>
⚫
'''==2007 - The Kusuma Trust=='''


⚫
===Fine and exiting PartyGaming===
The Kusuma Trust (Gibraltar) is a charitable trust which was founded by Dr. Soma Pujari and her husband Anurag Dikshit in the beginning of 2007 in order to structure their previously unorganised charitable efforts to achieve higher impact. The Trust is a registered charity in Gibraltar (Registration Number: 196) and is as such subject to the control of the Gibraltar Charities Commission. Kusuma Trust (Gibraltar) provides financial backing to a broad range of pioneering humanitarian and educational projects primarily in Gibraltar and India.
In 2008, he ranked No. 701 on the Forbes list of the World's Billionaires, and had a net worth of $1 billion.<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/> By 2008, he remained the largest individual shareholder of PartyGaming with 27% of the stock, even after selling 23%.<ref name="2008:GuardianA"/>


Becoming the "first high-profile internet gambling tycoon to willingly face justice in a US court," according to ''The Guardian,''<ref name="2008:GuardianC"/> after traveling to New York,<ref name="2008:WiredA"/> in December 2008, Dikshit entered a guilty plea to one count of [[online gambling]] in violation of the [[Federal Wire Act]] and agreed to forfeit $300&nbsp;million.<ref name="2008:BloombergA"/><ref name="2009:ForbesA"/><ref name="2008:TimesD">{{cite news |last=Goodman |first=Matthew |date=16 November 2023 |title=Gambling tycoon Anurag Dikshit deals losing hand |newspaper=[[The Times]] |url=https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/gambling-tycoon-anurag-dikshit-deals-losing-hand-0l8hq87xf9h |access-date=16 November 2023 |issn=0140-0460}}</ref> "I came to believe there was a high probability it was in violation of U.S. laws", Dikshit told U.S. District Judge [[Jed S. Rakoff]] in New York, referring to PartyGaming's activity.<ref name="2008:BloombergA">{{Cite news|last=Larson|first=Erik|date=16 December 2008|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2008-12-16/partygaming-founder-dikshit-pleads-guilty-to-internet-gambling|title=PartyGaming's Dikshit Pleads Guilty to Web Gambling|website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}</ref> At the time, he still owned approximately 28% of the company's shares, equal at the time to about $300 million.<ref name="2008:GuardianC">''[[The Guardian]]'', 17 December 2008, [https://www.theguardian.com/business/2008/dec/17/party-gaming-online-gambling-anurag-dikshit PartyGaming up 27% as founder pleads guilty in US court]</ref> He paid off the fine in June 2009.<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/>
In 2008 the family also set up the Kusuma Trust UK which is a registered charity in the UK and is regulated by the UK Charities Commission (Registration Number 1126983). This was done with the intention to dedicate the Kusuma Trust (Gibraltar) to Gibraltar related initiatives while the Kusuma Trust (UK) will take over the projects in India and elsewhere around the world.


After having sold 23% of his stake in the IPO years earlier, he sold a further two-thirds in October 2009.<ref name="2009:GuardianA"/> He sold off the remainder of his stake in PartyGaming in January 2010.<ref name="2010:TelegraphA"/><ref name="2009:PokernewsA">{{Cite web |last=Cypra |first=Dan |date=2009-10-20 |title=Anurag Dikshit Sells Remaining Stake in Party Gaming |url=https://www.pokernewsdaily.com/anurag-dikshit-sells-remaining-stake-in-party-gaming-5761/ |access-date=2024-03-30 |website=Poker News Daily |language=en-US}}</ref> According to Forbes, he donated the proceeds from the sales to the Kusuma Trust, a charity he'd founded several years prior to aid at-risk children.<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/> Although he'd faced a maximum of two years in jail,<ref name="2008:NewyorkTimesA"/> in 2010, he was given a one-year probation.<ref name="2013:IndiaTimesA">{{Cite news |date=18 August 2013 |title=Gambling goes poker faced |work=The Times of India |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/gambling-goes-poker-faced/articleshow/21889346.cms |access-date=16 November 2023 |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref name="2014:ForbesC">{{cite web |last=Vardi |first=Nathan |title=Department Of Justice Flip-Flops On Internet Gambling |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/nathanvardi/2011/12/23/department-of-justice-flip-flops-on-internet-gambling/ |access-date=16 November 2023 |website=Forbes }}</ref>
Anurag Dikshit and Dr. Soma Pujari both come from modest backgrounds in India, but are now successful entrepreneurs. Their sense of social responsibility has driven them to take steps towards changing the fortunes of society's underprivileged. Currently dividing their time between India and Gibraltar, the couple have been generous benefactors to a wide scope of charities for a number of years and have now decided to scale-up these efforts via the Kusuma Trust. Dr. Soma Pujari is not only a founder of the Kusuma trust, but is also actively involved in its affairs as a member of the Advisory, Board. She has always believed in a dedicated approach to education and parental support as key catalysts for development. Dr. Pujari's strategic vision ensures that the founding principles of support for education and underprivileged children remain at the forefront of the Kusuma doctrine.


⚫
===Kusuma Trust===
Since 2007, Anurag has been active working with business start-ups as well as investing in technology focussed companies.


According to ''The Telegraph'', in 2010, Dikshit and the [[Sainsbury family]] were Britain's biggest donors, both giving away over £100 million that year.<ref name="2011:TelegraphD">{{cite web |date=1 June 2011 |title=Hedge fund boss Chris Hohn gives away £1bn in five years |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/banksandfinance/8550747/Hedge-fund-boss-Chris-Hohn-gives-away-1bn-in-five-years.html |access-date=16 November 2023 |website=The Telegraph }}</ref>


In 2013, he had been an early funder of Next Education Private Limited in [[Hyderabad]].<ref name="2013:BStandardA">{{cite press release|website=[[Business Standard]]|first=Itishree|last=Samal|date=24 January 2013|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/next-education-to-raise-rs-150-cr-pe-fund-112061800074_1.html|title=Next Education to raise Rs 150-cr PE fund}}</ref>


By 2014, he had transferred around £172.4 million to his fund the Kusuma Trust, registered in Gibraltar. That year, the [[Ministry of Home Affairs]] in India stalled a transfer of funds from the Kusuma Trust to [[Amnesty International India]]. Amnesty did not have the necessary registration to receive funds from abroad, with the matter put under inquiry. At the time, Kusuma funded 10 organisations related to the field of education.<ref name="2014:FirstPostA">{{cite web |date=15 February 2014 |title=Centre suspects source, blocks funds to Amnesty India |url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/centre-suspects-source-blocks-funds-to-amnesty-india-1391731.html |access-date=16 November 2023 |website=Firstpost }}</ref> In 2023, he remains a trustee at Kusuma Trust.<ref name="KusuamHomeA">{{cite web |title=Team |url=https://www.kusumatrust.org/team/ |access-date=16 November 2023 |website=The Kusuma Trust }}</ref>
⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dikshit, Anurag}}


==Personal life==
In 2023, he and his wife lived with their two children in London.<ref name="KusuamHomeA"/> As a citizen of India,<ref name="2008:NewyorkTimesA">{{cite news |date=17 November 2008 |title=Online gambling mogul admits to breaking U.S. law |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/17/technology/17iht-gaming.1.18749728.html |access-date=16 November 2023 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> in 2008, he was also a resident of the United Kingdom and Gibraltar,<ref name="2008:WiredA">{{Cite magazine |last=Kravets |first=David |title=Dikshit Guilty of Internet Gambling |magazine=Wired |url=https://www.wired.com/2008/12/dikshit-guilty/ |access-date=16 November 2023 |issn=1059-1028}}</ref> having first set up a residence in Gibraltar in 2001.<ref name="2009:ForbesA"/>

Dikshit and his wife set up the Kusuma Gallery, sponsored through the Kusuma Trust, at the V&A’s Photography Centre in 2023.<ref name="2023:appologA">{{cite web |date=27 April 2023 |title=Collecting with a focus |url=https://www.apollo-magazine.com/photography-uk-collections-va-james-hyman-bodleian-npg/ |access-date=16 November 2023 |website=Apollo Magazine }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[List of IIT Delhi people]]
*[[List of British Indians#Business and industry|List of British Indians in business and industry]]
*[[List of people from Jharkhand]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://news.ft.com/cms/s/4bf609e2-df58-11d9-84f8-00000e2511c8.html Financial Times article]

⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dikshit, Anurag}}
[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Indian businesspeople]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Bihar]]
[[Category:Indian billionaires]]
[[Category:British businesspeople of Indian descent]]
[[Category:British people of Indian descent]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Indian Institute of Technology Delhi alumni]]
[[Category:IIT Delhi alumni]]
[[Category:Date of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:Date of birth missing (living people)]]
[[Category:De Nobili Schools alumni]]
[[Category:People from Dhanbad]]

Latest revision as of 19:55, 19 November 2024

Anurag Dikshit
Born1973 (age 50–51)
Jharkhand, India
Alma materIIT Delhi
OccupationBusinessman
Years active1990s-present
OrganizationKusuma Trust

Anurag Dikshit (/ˈdɪksɪt/; born 1973) is an Indian businessman.[1] In 2006 Dikshit became head of the online poker company PartyGaming's research and special projects.[2]

By 2009, Forbes described him as a billionaire.[1] In connection with PartyGaming, in 2009 he pled guilty to one count of online gambling in violation of the Federal Wire Act and received a $300 million fine.[1] After selling 23% of his stake in the company's initial public offering, and a further two-thirds, in October 2009,[3] he sold the remainder of his stake in PartyGaming in 2010.[4]

Early life and education

[edit]

Anurag Dikshit was born in October 1971.[1] He was born in Jharkhand, India.[5] He spent his childhood going to school in the town of Dhanbad.[6] He completed schooling at De Nobili School, FRI.[citation needed]

He has a bachelors degree in computer science and engineering from IIT Delhi.[citation needed] He graduated in 1994, and afterwards moved to the United States to work as a software developer.[5]

Career

[edit]

CMC and AT&T

[edit]

Following graduation, Dikshit worked as a software developer in the United States at CMC,[citation needed] as a systems analyst, and later for Websci and AT&T as a consultant.[7][5]

PartyGaming board

[edit]

In 1997, he and his college fellow alumni Vikrant Bhargava founded PartyPoker.com,[2] with American Ruth Parasol hiring Dikshit to write the software in 1998.[2] In 2005, Dikshit hired Bhargava for additional projects.[7]

At age 25,[7] Dikshit was asked by Parasol[8] to write the betting software for her company Starluck Casino.[7] He joined in 1998, one year after it was founded by Parasol,[7][1] and wrote the software that "allowed gamblers in different parts of the world to pay poker with one another."[1] Starluck Casino was launched as PartyPoker in 2001 after Dikshit and Parasol switched their focus from roulette and blackjack to poker.[7] Since online gambling was illegal in the US at the time, the company's servers and offices were based in Gibraltar, where Dikshit settled.[5]

The company floated on the London Stock Exchange in June 2005, with Dikshit earning a significant sum due to owning a considerable portion of the company.[7] In May 2006 Dikshit stepped down from PartyGaming's board of directors[1][2] and took a position as head of the company's research and special projects.[2] In that position, he developed new products but largely stepped back from media appearances.[7] He also became PartyGaming's chief operations officer.[2]

Fine and exiting PartyGaming

[edit]

In 2008, he ranked No. 701 on the Forbes list of the World's Billionaires, and had a net worth of $1 billion.[1] By 2008, he remained the largest individual shareholder of PartyGaming with 27% of the stock, even after selling 23%.[7]

Becoming the "first high-profile internet gambling tycoon to willingly face justice in a US court," according to The Guardian,[9] after traveling to New York,[10] in December 2008, Dikshit entered a guilty plea to one count of online gambling in violation of the Federal Wire Act and agreed to forfeit $300 million.[11][1][12] "I came to believe there was a high probability it was in violation of U.S. laws", Dikshit told U.S. District Judge Jed S. Rakoff in New York, referring to PartyGaming's activity.[11] At the time, he still owned approximately 28% of the company's shares, equal at the time to about $300 million.[9] He paid off the fine in June 2009.[1]

After having sold 23% of his stake in the IPO years earlier, he sold a further two-thirds in October 2009.[3] He sold off the remainder of his stake in PartyGaming in January 2010.[4][13] According to Forbes, he donated the proceeds from the sales to the Kusuma Trust, a charity he'd founded several years prior to aid at-risk children.[1] Although he'd faced a maximum of two years in jail,[14] in 2010, he was given a one-year probation.[15][16]

Kusuma Trust

[edit]

According to The Telegraph, in 2010, Dikshit and the Sainsbury family were Britain's biggest donors, both giving away over £100 million that year.[17]

In 2013, he had been an early funder of Next Education Private Limited in Hyderabad.[18]

By 2014, he had transferred around £172.4 million to his fund the Kusuma Trust, registered in Gibraltar. That year, the Ministry of Home Affairs in India stalled a transfer of funds from the Kusuma Trust to Amnesty International India. Amnesty did not have the necessary registration to receive funds from abroad, with the matter put under inquiry. At the time, Kusuma funded 10 organisations related to the field of education.[19] In 2023, he remains a trustee at Kusuma Trust.[6]

Personal life

[edit]

In 2023, he and his wife lived with their two children in London.[6] As a citizen of India,[14] in 2008, he was also a resident of the United Kingdom and Gibraltar,[10] having first set up a residence in Gibraltar in 2001.[1]

Dikshit and his wife set up the Kusuma Gallery, sponsored through the Kusuma Trust, at the V&A’s Photography Centre in 2023.[20]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Online Gambling Billionaire Cashes In. Forbes.com (20 October 2009). Retrieved on 15 June 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d e f PartyGaming's Dikshit quits board. Forbes (24 May 2006). Retrieved on 15 June 2011.
  3. ^ a b Nils Pratley, The Guardian, 20 October 2009, Guardian.co.uk: Dealing in poker profit
  4. ^ a b The Daily Telegraph, 25 January 2010 PartyGaming founder Anurag Dikshit severs ties with company after £114m share sale
  5. ^ a b c d Balakrishnan, Angela (16 December 2008). "Anurag Dikshit: High roller who came late to the poker party". The Guardian.
  6. ^ a b c "Team". The Kusuma Trust. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i Anurag Dikshit – High roller who came late to the poker party. The Guardian. Retrieved on 15 June 2011.
  8. ^ Ruth Parasol. Bonitatrust.org. Retrieved on 15 June 2011.
  9. ^ a b The Guardian, 17 December 2008, PartyGaming up 27% as founder pleads guilty in US court
  10. ^ a b Kravets, David. "Dikshit Guilty of Internet Gambling". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  11. ^ a b Larson, Erik (16 December 2008). "PartyGaming's Dikshit Pleads Guilty to Web Gambling". Bloomberg News.
  12. ^ Goodman, Matthew (16 November 2023). "Gambling tycoon Anurag Dikshit deals losing hand". The Times. ISSN 0140-0460. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  13. ^ Cypra, Dan (20 October 2009). "Anurag Dikshit Sells Remaining Stake in Party Gaming". Poker News Daily. Retrieved 30 March 2024.
  14. ^ a b "Online gambling mogul admits to breaking U.S. law". The New York Times. 17 November 2008. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  15. ^ "Gambling goes poker faced". The Times of India. 18 August 2013. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  16. ^ Vardi, Nathan. "Department Of Justice Flip-Flops On Internet Gambling". Forbes. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  17. ^ "Hedge fund boss Chris Hohn gives away £1bn in five years". The Telegraph. 1 June 2011. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  18. ^ Samal, Itishree (24 January 2013). "Next Education to raise Rs 150-cr PE fund". Business Standard (Press release).
  19. ^ "Centre suspects source, blocks funds to Amnesty India". Firstpost. 15 February 2014. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  20. ^ "Collecting with a focus". Apollo Magazine. 27 April 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
[edit]
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