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{{short description|American firefighter}}

{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = John Cheatham
| name = John Cheatham
| image = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| image = Portrait of John Cheatham (1855–1918) Minneapolis firefighter.jpg
| alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| alt = Portrait of Captain John W. Cheatham (1855–1918)
| caption =
| caption = Portrait of Captain John W. Cheatham
| birth_date = 1855
| birth_date = 1855
| birth_place = [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], United States
| birth_place = [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], United States
| death_date = 1918
| death_date = 1918
| death_place = [[Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota]], United States
| death_place = [[Minneapolis]], [[Minnesota]], United States
| burial_place = [[Minneapolis Pioneers and Soldiers Memorial Cemetery]]
| other_names =
| occupation = [[Firefighter]]
| other_names =
⚫
| monuments = Cheatham Avenue
| years_active =
| occupation = [[Firefighter]]
⚫
| known_for = Cheatham Avenue
| notable_works =
| years_active =
| known_for = Racial integration of the [[Minneapolis Fire Department]]
| notable_works =
}}
}}


'''John Cheatham''' (1855{{En dash}}1918) was an American [[firefighter]] in the [[U.S. City|U.S. city]] of [[Minneapolis]] in the late 1800s and early 1900s. Born under slavery in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], Cheatham was freed at the age of eight by the [[Emancipation Proclamation]], and then moved to Minneapolis, [[Minnesota]], with his family shortly thereafter. Cheatham was one of the first [[Black-American|Black]] firefighters in Minneapolis, holding several leadership positions during his tenure. In 2021, the city announced the designation of a street as '''Cheatham Avenue''' in the [[Longfellow, Minneapolis|Longfellow community]] to honor his legacy to racial integration the city’s fire department.
'''John Cheatham''' (1855{{En dash}}1918) was an American [[firefighter]] in [[Minneapolis]]. Born as an enslaved person in [[St. Louis]], [[Missouri]], Cheatham was freed at the age of eight by the [[Emancipation Proclamation]], and then moved to Minneapolis, [[Minnesota]], with his family shortly thereafter. In 1883, at the age of 33, Cheatham was appointed as one of the first [[Black-American|Black]] firefighters in Minneapolis. He held several leadership positions during his fire department career. In 2022, the City of Minneapolis re-designated a street in the [[Longfellow, Minneapolis|Longfellow community]] as '''Cheatham Avenue''' to honor his legacy of racial integration within the city’s fire department.


== Early life ==
== Early life ==
John W. Cheatham<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-16|title=Historic Preservation: Fire Station No. 24, Potential Landmark|url=https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/download/Agenda/1681/RPT-PLAN12136-4501%20Hiawatha%20ave.pdf/52778/2239/4501%20Hiawatha%20Ave|url-status=live|website=City of Minneapolis}}</ref> was born in 1855 to an [[Enslaved people|enslaved]] family in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Missouri]]. His family was freed by the [[Emancipation Proclamation]] of 1962. Shortly thereafter, at the age of eight, his family moved from [[St. Louis]], Missouri, to Minneapolis, Minnesota.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Brooks|first=Jennifer|date=2021-12-25|title=Minneapolis will change infamous street name to honor trailblazing firefighter|work=[[Star Tribune]]|url=https://www.startribune.com/the-long-road-to-a-better-street-name/600130300/|access-date=2021-12-25}}</ref>
John W. Cheatham<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-02-16|title=Historic Preservation: Fire Station No. 24, Potential Landmark|url=https://lims.minneapolismn.gov/download/Agenda/1681/RPT-PLAN12136-4501%20Hiawatha%20ave.pdf/52778/2239/4501%20Hiawatha%20Ave|website=City of Minneapolis}}</ref> was born in 1855 to an [[Enslaved people|enslaved]] family in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Missouri]]. His family was freed by the [[Emancipation Proclamation]] of 1862. Shortly thereafter, at the age of eight, his family moved from [[St. Louis]], Missouri, to Minneapolis, Minnesota.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Brooks|first=Jennifer|date=2021-12-25|title=Minneapolis will change infamous street name to honor trailblazing firefighter|work=[[Star Tribune]]|url=https://www.startribune.com/the-long-road-to-a-better-street-name/600130300/|access-date=2021-12-25}}</ref> The Cheathams were among the first Black families to reside in Minneapolis.<ref name=":8">{{Cite news |last=Nelson |first=Tim |date=2022-03-17 |title=South Minneapolis street now honors a pioneer Black firefighter |work=[[Minnesota Public Radio]] |url=https://www.mprnews.org/story/2022/03/17/south-minneapolis-street-now-honors-a-pioneer-black-firefighter |access-date=2022-03-17}}</ref>


== Career ==
== Career ==


Cheatham worked as a laborer. He joined the [[Minneapolis Fire Department]] at the age of 33 in 1888 as a pipeman.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Croman|first=John|date=2021-12-28|title=Minneapolis street renamed for city's first Black firefighter|work=[[KARE-TV]]|url=https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/minneapolis-street-renamed-for-citys-first-black-fireman/89-9f70d9ce-628d-491c-b7d8-efca89e2825a|access-date=2021-12-28}}</ref> He was either the first, or one of the first, Black firefighters in the city.<ref name=":0" /> He was promoted to a driver after three years with the department,<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2020-06-04|title=John Cheatham: One of Minneapolis' First African-American Firefighters|url=https://blackthen.com/john-cheatham-one-of-minneapolis-first-african-american-firefighters/blackthen.com/john-cheatham-one-of-minneapolis-first-african-american-firefighters/|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Black Then|language=en-US}}</ref> and after about five years he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant.<ref name=":1" /> He then obtained the rank of [[captain]] in 1899, but was demoted back to pipeman a year later for refusing to comply with an order from a White firefighter who held the same rank as him.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Furst|first=Randy|date=2020-12-07|title=Former Hennepin County judge pushes for historic designation for fire station that opened with an all-Black fire crew in 1907|work=[[Star Tribune]]|url=https://www.startribune.com/former-hennepin-county-judge-pushes-for-historic-designation-for-fire-station-that-opened-with-an-al/573313041/|access-date=2020-12-07}}</ref>
Cheatham worked as a laborer.<ref name=":1">{{Cite news|last=Croman|first=John|date=2021-12-28|title=Minneapolis street renamed for city's first Black firefighter|work=[[KARE-TV]]|url=https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/minneapolis-street-renamed-for-citys-first-black-fireman/89-9f70d9ce-628d-491c-b7d8-efca89e2825a|access-date=2021-12-28}}</ref> He held jobs as a church [[Sexton (office)|sexton]] and [[Porter (carrier)|porter]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite news|date=2020-12-11|title=Preview of "Stories Under the Stones" Special|work=[[Twin Cities PBS]]|url=https://www.tpt.org/almanac/video/preview-of-stories-under-the-stones-special-38224/|access-date=2020-12-11}}</ref>


In 1888, at the age of 33, Cheatham was appointed to the [[Minneapolis Fire Department]] by a White fire chief.<ref name=":6"/> He was either the first, or one of the first, Black firefighters in the city.<ref name=":0" />
⚫
Cheatham worked at several fire stations in Minneapolis.<ref name=":2" /> In 1907, Cheatham and two other Black firefighters were assigned to Fire Station 24 at Hiawatha Avenue and 45th Street, a [[Racially-segregated|racially segregated]] facility that officials were transitioning to an all-Black firehouse.<ref name=":0" /> The station was in middle of a [[Redlining|redlined]] neighborhood that was predominantly White, but it was also adjacent to a railroad yard where many Black labors worked and houses where they lived. White firefighters at Fire Station 24, and some nearby residents, initially objected to black fire fighters being assigned to the station.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":0" />


Cheatham and the other Black firefighters resisted being replaced by White firefighters at the station, and Cheatham said he was "drawing the color line and drawing it stiff”.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2020-06-04|title=John Cheatham: One of Minneapolis' First African-American Firefighters|url=https://blackthen.com/john-cheatham-one-of-minneapolis-first-african-american-firefighters/blackthen.com/john-cheatham-one-of-minneapolis-first-african-american-firefighters/|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Black Then|language=en-US}}</ref> After debate by [[Minneapolis City Council|Minneapolis city councilors]] and support via a petition from White women who lived in the area, the fire station continued with the assignment of Black firefighters.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|last=|date=2022|title=History Preservation: All Black Fire Station|url=https://internationalleadership.org/history/|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-01|website=International Leadership Institute|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> Cheatham worked at the station until his retirement in 1918.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Studio|url=https://adventuresincardboard.com/studio/|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Adventures in Cardboard|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Roper|first=Eric|date=2020-06-23|title=Once far from the city, an old cemetery on busy Lake Street hosts some famous Minnesotans|work=[[Star Tribune]]|url=https://www.startribune.com/once-far-from-the-city-an-old-cemetery-on-busy-lake-street-hosts-some-famous-minnesotans/571439232/|access-date=2020-06-23}}</ref>
Cheatham's first job with the fire department was as a pipeman.<ref name=":1" /> He was promoted to a driver after three years with the department,<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|date=2020-06-04|title=John Cheatham: One of Minneapolis' First African-American Firefighters|url=https://blackthen.com/john-cheatham-one-of-minneapolis-first-african-american-firefighters/blackthen.com/john-cheatham-one-of-minneapolis-first-african-american-firefighters/|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Black Then|language=en-US}}</ref> and after about five years he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant.<ref name=":1" /> He then obtained the rank of [[captain]] in 1899, but was demoted back to pipeman a year later for refusing to comply with an order from a White firefighter who held the same rank as him.<ref name=":2">{{Cite news|last=Furst|first=Randy|date=2020-12-07|title=Former Hennepin County judge pushes for historic designation for fire station that opened with an all-Black fire crew in 1907|work=[[Star Tribune]]|url=https://www.startribune.com/former-hennepin-county-judge-pushes-for-historic-designation-for-fire-station-that-opened-with-an-al/573313041/|access-date=2020-12-07}}</ref> Cheatham worked at several fire stations in Minneapolis in the first part of his career.<ref name=":2" />
[[File:Hiawatha Avenue just north of 46th St looking north.jpg|thumb|The former Minneapolis Fire Station #24 (the two-story white building) circa 2014.]]
⚫
In 1907, Cheatham and two other Black firefighters, Lafayette Mason and Frank Harris, were assigned to be in charge of Fire Station 24 at Hiawatha Avenue and 45th Street, a [[Racially-segregated|racially segregated]] facility that officials were transitioning to an all-Black firehouse.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> The station was in middle of a [[Redlining|redlined]] neighborhood that was predominantly White, but it was also adjacent to a railroad yard where many Black labors worked. White firefighters at Fire Station 24, and some nearby residents, initially objected to Black fire fighters being assigned to the station.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":0" />


Cheatham and the other Black firefighters resisted being replaced by White firefighters at Fire Station 24. Cheatham said about the situation that he was "drawing the color line and drawing it stiff”.<ref name=":4"/> After debate by [[Minneapolis City Council|Minneapolis city councilors]] and support via a petition from White women who lived in the area, the fire station continued with the assignment of Black firefighters.<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|last=|date=2022|title=History Preservation: All Black Fire Station|url=https://internationalleadership.org/history/|access-date=2022-01-01|website=International Leadership Institute|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|date=2022|title=Minneapolis Fire Station #24|url=https://adventuresincardboard.com/studio/|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Adventures in Cardboard|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Roper|first=Eric|date=2020-06-23|title=Once far from the city, an old cemetery on busy Lake Street hosts some famous Minnesotans|work=[[Star Tribune]]|url=https://www.startribune.com/once-far-from-the-city-an-old-cemetery-on-busy-lake-street-hosts-some-famous-minnesotans/571439232/|access-date=2020-06-23}}</ref> Cheatham worked at the station until his retirement in 1911, after 23 years with the fire department.<ref name=":6"/>
⚫
Cheatham's firefighting received praise in the [[Minneapolis Journal|''Minneapolis Journal'']] newspaper during his tenure.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2005-05-23|title=John Cheatham|url=http://www.friendsofthecemetery.org/history/alley_articles/John_Cheatham_feb2005.shtml|url-status=live|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Friends of the Cemetery}}</ref>

⚫
The community thought highly of Cheatham during his fire department tenure.<ref name=":6"/> His firefighting received praise in the ''[[Minneapolis Journal]]'' newspaper at the time.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|date=2005-05-23|title=John Cheatham|url=http://www.friendsofthecemetery.org/history/alley_articles/John_Cheatham_feb2005.shtml|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Friends of the Cemetery}}</ref>


== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
Cheatham was married to Susie Cheatham. They had four children, Ethel, Bertha, Gilbert, and Wesley. Susie Cheatham died in 1906 from typhoid at the age of 46. John Cheatham died on August 15, 1918, at the age of 63, from chronic [[endocarditis]]. Cheathum was buried at the [[Minneapolis Pioneers and Soldiers Memorial Cemetery|Pioneers and Soldiers Memorial Cemetery]] in Minneapolis.<ref name=":3" />
Cheatham was married to Susie Cheatham. They owned a home at 3020 20th Avenue in Minneapolis. John and Susie had four children, Ethel, Bertha, Gilbert, and Wesley. Susie Cheatham died in 1906 from typhoid at the age of 46. John Cheatham died on August 15, 1918, at the age of 63, from chronic [[endocarditis]]. Cheatham was buried at the [[Minneapolis Pioneers and Soldiers Memorial Cemetery|Pioneers and Soldiers Memorial Cemetery]] in Minneapolis alongside other family members.<ref name=":3" />


== Legacy ==
== Legacy ==


=== Racial integration ===
=== Racial integration ===
The number of Blacks in the Minneapolis Fire Department decreased in the decades after Cheatham's retirement until there were no Blacks in the ranks by the 1940s. The department was not racially integrated again until 1972 after being ordered to do so by federal judge [[Earl R. Larson|Earl Larson]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Furst|first=Randy|date=2021-03-20|title=50 Years of Integration: Federal Judge Earl Larson issued a decision 50 years ago this month that desegregated the Minneapolis Fire Department|work=[[Star Tribune]]|url=https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-all-white-fire-department-ended-50-years-ago-via-a-federal-judge-s-ruling/600035736/|access-date=2021-03-20}}</ref>
Cheatham and several other Blacks assigned to Fire Station 24 were the first to [[Racially-integrated|racially integrate]] the Minneapolis Fire Department.<ref name=":0" /> From when it opened in 1907 to when it closed in 1941, dozens of Black firefighters served at the station. After its closure, there were no Blacks in the city's fire department for thirty years.<ref name=":7">{{Cite news|last=Huppert|first=Boyd|date=2021-08-14|title=Firefighters 'emotional' after touring largely forgotten all-Black Minneapolis fire station|work=[[KARE-TV]]|url=https://www.kare11.com/article/news/local/land-of-10000-stories/firefighters-emotional-after-touring-largely-forgotten-all-black-minneapolis-fire-station/89-04222bf3-1e05-469f-a7e2-2ee61940e2ba|access-date=2021-08-14}}</ref> The city's fire department was not racially integrated again until 1972 after being ordered to do so by federal judge [[Earl R. Larson|Earl Larson]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Furst|first=Randy|date=2021-03-20|title=50 Years of Integration: Federal Judge Earl Larson issued a decision 50 years ago this month that desegregated the Minneapolis Fire Department|work=[[Star Tribune]]|url=https://www.startribune.com/minneapolis-all-white-fire-department-ended-50-years-ago-via-a-federal-judge-s-ruling/600035736/|access-date=2021-03-20}}</ref>

The city sold Fire Station 24 after its closure and it was used by a variety of private industrial businesses. In 2021, several organizations and activists sought historic designation status for the station building.<ref name=":7"/>


=== Cheatham Avenue ===
=== Cheatham Avenue ===
In the [[Aftermath of the George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul|aftermath]] of [[George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul|protests]] following [[George Floyd]]'s murder in 2020, honoring Cheatham's legacy was part of a wave of statute removals and official re-designations.<ref name=":0" /> In 2021, the city renamed the former nine-block, [[Longfellow, Minneapolis|Longfellow community]] street Dight Avenue{{Em dash}}which had been named after the controversial [[Charles Fremont Dight]]{{Em dash}}to honor Cheatham's legacy. Cheatham Avenue is one of a few named streets in Minneapolis where most streets are numbered.<ref name=":0" />
In the [[Aftermath of the George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul|aftermath]] of [[George Floyd protests in Minneapolis–Saint Paul|protests]] following [[George Floyd]]'s murder in 2020, honoring Cheatham's legacy was part of a wave of statue removals and official re-designations.<ref name=":0" /> In 2021, a [[petition]] drive led by disability activist [[Noah McCourt]] requested that the City of Minneapolis rename Dight Avenue, a street in the [[Longfellow, Minneapolis|Longfellow community]] that had been named decades earlier for [[Charles Fremont Dight]] for his efforts to promote [[food safety]], but who also advocated for [[eugenics]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-06-01|title=Petition asks to rename Minneapolis street named after eugenicist who praised Hitler|work=[[Bring Me The News]]|url=https://bringmethenews.com/minnesota-news/petition-asks-to-rename-minneapolis-street-named-after-eugenicist-who-praised-hitler|access-date=2021-06-01}}</ref> The petition obtained 30,000 signatures, according to activists.<ref>{{Cite news|date=2021-09-24|title=Press Release: Disability Justice Network Prevails on petition to change the name of Dight Avenue|work=Minnesota Disability Justice Network|url=https://www.facebook.com/101016108299940/posts/for-immediate-releasedisability-justice-network-prevails-on-petition-to-change-t/393485005719714/|access-date=2021-09-24}}</ref> After consulting with residents on Dight Avenue and offering several options,<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-09-28|title=Dight Ave Renaming|url=https://www.longfellowbusinessassociation.org/news/dight-ave-renaming|access-date=2022-01-01|website=Longfellow Business Association|archive-date=2022-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220102044150/https://www.longfellowbusinessassociation.org/news/dight-ave-renaming|url-status=dead}}</ref> city officials decided to honor Cheatham's legacy by renaming Dight Avenue after him, with the re-designation taking place on March 17, 2022.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":8" />

Cheatham Avenue is one of a few named streets in Minneapolis where most streets are numbered.<ref name=":0" /> The street runs for 10 blocks on the city's southside, running parallel to [[Hiawatha Avenue]].<ref name=":1" />


== See also ==
== See also ==


* [[2020–2021 Minneapolis–Saint Paul racial unrest]]
* [[2020–2021 Minneapolis–Saint Paul racial unrest]]
* [[Firefighting in the United States]]
*[[History of Minneapolis]]
*[[History of Minneapolis]]
*[[List of name changes due to the George Floyd protests]]


== References ==
== References ==
Line 56: Line 70:
== External links ==
== External links ==


* Hennepin County Library, [https://hclib.tumblr.com/post/185637278916/racial-segregation-at-fire-station-24-1907-1941 Racial Segregation at Fire Station 24 (1907-1941)]
* Layman’s Cemetery, know as Pioneers & Soldiers Memorial Cemetery, [https://www2.minneapolismn.gov/resident-services/property-housing/property-info/landmarks/alphabetical/laymans-cemetery/ official website]

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cheatham, John}}
[[Category:1855 births]]
[[Category:1918 deaths]]
[[Category:African-American activists]]
[[Category:19th-century American slaves]]
[[Category:19th-century United States government officials]]
[[Category:People from Minneapolis]]
[[Category:People from St. Louis]]
[[Category:20th-century African-American people]]
[[Category:American firefighters]]
[[Category:People enslaved in Missouri]]

Latest revision as of 10:45, 20 November 2024

John Cheatham
Portrait of Captain John W. Cheatham (1855–1918)
Portrait of Captain John W. Cheatham
Born1855
St. Louis, Missouri, United States
Died1918
Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States
Burial placeMinneapolis Pioneers and Soldiers Memorial Cemetery
MonumentsCheatham Avenue
OccupationFirefighter
Known forRacial integration of the Minneapolis Fire Department

John Cheatham (1855–1918) was an American firefighter in Minneapolis. Born as an enslaved person in St. Louis, Missouri, Cheatham was freed at the age of eight by the Emancipation Proclamation, and then moved to Minneapolis, Minnesota, with his family shortly thereafter. In 1883, at the age of 33, Cheatham was appointed as one of the first Black firefighters in Minneapolis. He held several leadership positions during his fire department career. In 2022, the City of Minneapolis re-designated a street in the Longfellow community as Cheatham Avenue to honor his legacy of racial integration within the city’s fire department.

Early life

[edit]

John W. Cheatham[1] was born in 1855 to an enslaved family in the U.S. state of Missouri. His family was freed by the Emancipation Proclamation of 1862. Shortly thereafter, at the age of eight, his family moved from St. Louis, Missouri, to Minneapolis, Minnesota.[2] The Cheathams were among the first Black families to reside in Minneapolis.[3]

Career

[edit]

Cheatham worked as a laborer.[4] He held jobs as a church sexton and porter.[5]

In 1888, at the age of 33, Cheatham was appointed to the Minneapolis Fire Department by a White fire chief.[5] He was either the first, or one of the first, Black firefighters in the city.[2]

Cheatham's first job with the fire department was as a pipeman.[4] He was promoted to a driver after three years with the department,[6] and after about five years he was promoted to the rank of lieutenant.[4] He then obtained the rank of captain in 1899, but was demoted back to pipeman a year later for refusing to comply with an order from a White firefighter who held the same rank as him.[7] Cheatham worked at several fire stations in Minneapolis in the first part of his career.[7]

The former Minneapolis Fire Station #24 (the two-story white building) circa 2014.

In 1907, Cheatham and two other Black firefighters, Lafayette Mason and Frank Harris, were assigned to be in charge of Fire Station 24 at Hiawatha Avenue and 45th Street, a racially segregated facility that officials were transitioning to an all-Black firehouse.[2][8] The station was in middle of a redlined neighborhood that was predominantly White, but it was also adjacent to a railroad yard where many Black labors worked. White firefighters at Fire Station 24, and some nearby residents, initially objected to Black fire fighters being assigned to the station.[9][2]

Cheatham and the other Black firefighters resisted being replaced by White firefighters at Fire Station 24. Cheatham said about the situation that he was "drawing the color line and drawing it stiff”.[6] After debate by Minneapolis city councilors and support via a petition from White women who lived in the area, the fire station continued with the assignment of Black firefighters.[9][2][10][11] Cheatham worked at the station until his retirement in 1911, after 23 years with the fire department.[5]

The community thought highly of Cheatham during his fire department tenure.[5] His firefighting received praise in the Minneapolis Journal newspaper at the time.[8]

Personal life

[edit]

Cheatham was married to Susie Cheatham. They owned a home at 3020 20th Avenue in Minneapolis. John and Susie had four children, Ethel, Bertha, Gilbert, and Wesley. Susie Cheatham died in 1906 from typhoid at the age of 46. John Cheatham died on August 15, 1918, at the age of 63, from chronic endocarditis. Cheatham was buried at the Pioneers and Soldiers Memorial Cemetery in Minneapolis alongside other family members.[8]

Legacy

[edit]

Racial integration

[edit]

Cheatham and several other Blacks assigned to Fire Station 24 were the first to racially integrate the Minneapolis Fire Department.[2] From when it opened in 1907 to when it closed in 1941, dozens of Black firefighters served at the station. After its closure, there were no Blacks in the city's fire department for thirty years.[12] The city's fire department was not racially integrated again until 1972 after being ordered to do so by federal judge Earl Larson.[13]

The city sold Fire Station 24 after its closure and it was used by a variety of private industrial businesses. In 2021, several organizations and activists sought historic designation status for the station building.[12]

Cheatham Avenue

[edit]

In the aftermath of protests following George Floyd's murder in 2020, honoring Cheatham's legacy was part of a wave of statue removals and official re-designations.[2] In 2021, a petition drive led by disability activist Noah McCourt requested that the City of Minneapolis rename Dight Avenue, a street in the Longfellow community that had been named decades earlier for Charles Fremont Dight for his efforts to promote food safety, but who also advocated for eugenics.[14] The petition obtained 30,000 signatures, according to activists.[15] After consulting with residents on Dight Avenue and offering several options,[16] city officials decided to honor Cheatham's legacy by renaming Dight Avenue after him, with the re-designation taking place on March 17, 2022.[4][3]

Cheatham Avenue is one of a few named streets in Minneapolis where most streets are numbered.[2] The street runs for 10 blocks on the city's southside, running parallel to Hiawatha Avenue.[4]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Historic Preservation: Fire Station No. 24, Potential Landmark". City of Minneapolis. 2021-02-16.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Brooks, Jennifer (2021-12-25). "Minneapolis will change infamous street name to honor trailblazing firefighter". Star Tribune. Retrieved 2021-12-25.
  3. ^ a b Nelson, Tim (2022-03-17). "South Minneapolis street now honors a pioneer Black firefighter". Minnesota Public Radio. Retrieved 2022-03-17.
  4. ^ a b c d e Croman, John (2021-12-28). "Minneapolis street renamed for city's first Black firefighter". KARE-TV. Retrieved 2021-12-28.
  5. ^ a b c d "Preview of "Stories Under the Stones" Special". Twin Cities PBS. 2020-12-11. Retrieved 2020-12-11.
  6. ^ a b "John Cheatham: One of Minneapolis' First African-American Firefighters". Black Then. 2020-06-04. Retrieved 2022-01-01.
  7. ^ a b Furst, Randy (2020-12-07). "Former Hennepin County judge pushes for historic designation for fire station that opened with an all-Black fire crew in 1907". Star Tribune. Retrieved 2020-12-07.
  8. ^ a b c "John Cheatham". Friends of the Cemetery. 2005-05-23. Retrieved 2022-01-01.
  9. ^ a b "History Preservation: All Black Fire Station". International Leadership Institute. 2022. Retrieved 2022-01-01.
  10. ^ "Minneapolis Fire Station #24". Adventures in Cardboard. 2022. Retrieved 2022-01-01.
  11. ^ Roper, Eric (2020-06-23). "Once far from the city, an old cemetery on busy Lake Street hosts some famous Minnesotans". Star Tribune. Retrieved 2020-06-23.
  12. ^ a b Huppert, Boyd (2021-08-14). "Firefighters 'emotional' after touring largely forgotten all-Black Minneapolis fire station". KARE-TV. Retrieved 2021-08-14.
  13. ^ Furst, Randy (2021-03-20). "50 Years of Integration: Federal Judge Earl Larson issued a decision 50 years ago this month that desegregated the Minneapolis Fire Department". Star Tribune. Retrieved 2021-03-20.
  14. ^ "Petition asks to rename Minneapolis street named after eugenicist who praised Hitler". Bring Me The News. 2021-06-01. Retrieved 2021-06-01.
  15. ^ "Press Release: Disability Justice Network Prevails on petition to change the name of Dight Avenue". Minnesota Disability Justice Network. 2021-09-24. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
  16. ^ "Dight Ave Renaming". Longfellow Business Association. 2021-09-28. Archived from the original on 2022-01-02. Retrieved 2022-01-01.

Further reading

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