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{{short description| |
{{short description|Species of tyrannosauroid}} |
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{{Speciesbox |
{{Speciesbox |
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| name = ''Moros'' |
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| fossil_range = [[Cenomanian]], {{fossilrange|96.4}} |
| fossil_range = [[Cenomanian]], <br>{{fossilrange|96.4}} |
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| image = Moros intrepidus.png |
| image = Moros intrepidus.png |
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| image_caption = Diagram showing known remains |
| image_caption = Diagram showing known remains |
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'''''Moros''''' is a genus of [[Tyrannosauroidea|tyrannosauroid]] [[theropod]] that lived during the [[Late Cretaceous]] period in what is now [[Utah]] |
'''''Moros''''' is a genus of small [[Tyrannosauroidea|tyrannosauroid]] [[theropoda|theropod]] [[dinosaur]] that lived during the [[Late Cretaceous]] period in what is now [[Utah]]. It contains a single species, '''''M. intrepidus'''''.<ref name="Zanno2019">{{Cite journal |last=Zanno |first=Lindsay E. |last2=Tucker |first2=Ryan T. |last3=Canoville |first3=Aurore |last4=Avrahami |first4=Haviv M. |last5=Gates |first5=Terry A. |last6=Makovicky |first6=Peter J. |date=February 2019 |title=Diminutive fleet-footed tyrannosauroid narrows the 70-million-year gap in the North American fossil record |journal=[[Communications Biology]] |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |page=64 <!-- actually "article number"-->|doi=10.1038/s42003-019-0308-7 |pmid=30820466 |issn=2399-3642 |pmc=6385174}}</ref> ''Moros'' represents one of the earliest known diagnostic tyrannosauroid material from [[North America]].<ref name="Zanno2019" /> |
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==Discovery and naming== |
==Discovery and naming== |
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[[File:42003 2019 308 Fig2 HTML.png|thumb|left|Right femur in various views]] |
[[File:42003 2019 308 Fig2 HTML.png|thumb|left|Right femur in various views]] |
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''Moros'' was first discovered at the Stormy Theropod site located in [[Emery County]] in the U.S. state of [[Utah]]. [[Palaeontologist]]s had been researching the area for ten years when in 2013 limb bones were seen jutting out of a hillside |
''Moros'' was first discovered at the Stormy Theropod site located in [[Emery County]] in the U.S. state of [[Utah]]. [[Palaeontologist]]s had been researching the area for ten years when, in 2013, limb bones were seen jutting out of a hillside, prompting the excavation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.newsobserver.com/news/local/article226512340.html |title=New dinosaur T. rex relative Moros intrepidus discovered |last=Johnson |first=Anna |date=February 21, 2019 |publisher=News Observer |access-date=February 22, 2019}}</ref> The bones were described as of a new species in February, 2019.<ref name="NGEO">{{Cite web |url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2019/02/new-tiny-t-rex-relative-moros-fills-north-american-fossil-gap/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221205345/https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2019/02/new-tiny-t-rex-relative-moros-fills-north-american-fossil-gap/ |url-status=dead |archive-date=February 21, 2019 |title=New tiny tyrannosaur helps show how T. rex got big |last=Greshko |first=Michael |date=February 21, 2019 |publisher=[[National Geographic]] |access-date=February 22, 2019}}</ref> The type species, ''Moros intrepidus'', was named and described by [[Lindsay E. Zanno]], Ryan T. Tucker, Aurore Canoville, Haviv M. Avrahami, Terry A. Gates, and Peter J. Makovicky. The generic name is derived from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] term ''[[Moros]]'' (an embodiment of impending doom), in reference to the establishment of the tyrannosauroid lineage in North America that would soon dominate the continent by the end of the Cretaceous. The [[specific name (zoology)|specific name]] is the [[Latin]] word ''intrepidus'' ("intrepid"), referring to the hypothesized dispersal of tyrannosauroids from Asia throughout North America following the arrival of ''Moros''.<ref name="Zanno2019" /> |
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| ⚫ | The [[holotype]] specimen, '''NCSM 33392''', was found in the lower Mussentuchit Member of the [[Cedar Mountain Formation]] dating from the [[Cenomanian]] [[Geologic time scale|age]]. The layer has a maximimum age of 96.4 million years. The holotype consists of a right leg, specifically the thighbone, shinbone, second and fourth metatarsal, and the third and fourth phalanx of the fourth toe. [[Lines of arrested growth]], or LAGs, indicate that it represents a subadult individual of six or seven years old, nearing its maximum size. Additionally, two premaxillary teeth were referred to the species, specimens NCSM 33393 and NCSM 33276.<ref name="Zanno2019" /> |
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In 2019, the type species ''Moros intrepidus'' was named and described by Lindsay E. Zanno, Ryan T. Tucker, Aurore Canoville, Haviv M. Avrahami, Terry A. Gates and |
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Peter J. Makovicky. The generic name is derived from the [[Ancient Greek|Greek]] ''[[Moros]]'' (an embodiment of impending doom), in reference to the establishment of the tyrannosauroid lineage in North America. The [[specific name (zoology)|specific name]] is the [[Latin]] word ''intrepidus'' ("intrepid"), referring to the hypothesized dispersal of tyrannosauroids throughout North America following ''Moros''.<ref name="Zanno2019" /> |
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| ⚫ | The [[holotype]], '''NCSM 33392''', was found in the lower Mussentuchit Member of the [[Cedar Mountain Formation]] dating from the [[Cenomanian]]. The layer has a maximimum age of 96.4 million years. The holotype consists of a right |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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[[File:Moros intrepidus reconstruction.png|thumb|Size compared to the height of an [[Average human height|average human]]]] |
[[File:Moros intrepidus reconstruction.png|thumb|Size compared to the height of an [[Average human height|average human]]]] |
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''Moros'' was a small-bodied, [[cursorial]] tyrannosauroid with an estimated |
''Moros'' was a small-bodied, [[cursorial]] tyrannosauroid with an estimated leg length of {{cvt|1.2|m|ft}} and a body mass of {{cvt|78|kg}}.<ref name="Zanno2019" /> The foot bones of ''Moros'' were extremely slender, with metatarsal proportions found to be more similar to [[Ornithomimidae|ornithomimids]] than to other Late Cretaceous tyrannosauroids.<ref name="Zanno2019" /> |
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[[File:Moros wiki.png|thumb|Life reconstruction of ''M. intrepidus'']] |
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==Classification== |
==Classification== |
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In their phylogenetic analyses, Zanno and colleagues |
In their 2019 phylogenetic analyses, Zanno and colleagues recovered ''Moros'' as a basal pantyrannosaurian alongside Asian taxa from the middle of the Cretaceous, such as ''[[Xiongguanlong]]'' and ''[[Timurlengia]]''.<ref name="Zanno2019" /> This phylogenetic affinity with Asian basal tyrannosauroids suggests that ''Moros'' was part of a transcontinental exchange between the [[Biota (ecology)|biota]]s of Asia and North America during the mid-Cretaceous that is well-documented in other taxa.<ref name="Zanno2019" /> |
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==In media== |
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''Moros intepidus'' was featured in the 2022 American science fiction action film ''[[Jurassic World Dominion]]''. It was the first feathered dinosaur confirmed for the film, but was incorrectly depicted as being duck-sized, as opposed to being a deer-sized animal.<ref>[https://www.reddit.com/r/JurassicPark/comments/vfjm6z/moros_intrepidus/]</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{Theropoda|C.}} |
{{Theropoda|C.}} |
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{{Portal bar|Dinosaurs |
{{Portal bar|Dinosaurs|Utah}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q61791935}} |
{{Taxonbar|from=Q61791935}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America]] |
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[[Category:Tyrannosaurs]] |
[[Category:Tyrannosaurs]] |
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[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 2019]] |
[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 2019]] |
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Latest revision as of 13:44, 21 November 2024
| Moros Temporal range: Cenomanian,
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|---|---|
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| Diagram showing known remains | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Clade: | Dinosauria |
| Clade: | Saurischia |
| Clade: | Theropoda |
| Clade: | †Pantyrannosauria |
| Genus: | †Moros Zanno et al., 2019[1] |
| Species: | †M. intrepidus
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| Binomial name | |
| †Moros intrepidus Zanno et al., 2019[1]
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Moros is a genus of small tyrannosauroid theropod dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous period in what is now Utah. It contains a single species, M. intrepidus.[1] Moros represents one of the earliest known diagnostic tyrannosauroid material from North America.[1]
Discovery and naming
[edit]
Moros was first discovered at the Stormy Theropod site located in Emery County in the U.S. state of Utah. Palaeontologists had been researching the area for ten years when, in 2013, limb bones were seen jutting out of a hillside, prompting the excavation.[2] The bones were described as of a new species in February, 2019.[3] The type species, Moros intrepidus, was named and described by Lindsay E. Zanno, Ryan T. Tucker, Aurore Canoville, Haviv M. Avrahami, Terry A. Gates, and Peter J. Makovicky. The generic name is derived from the Greek term Moros (an embodiment of impending doom), in reference to the establishment of the tyrannosauroid lineage in North America that would soon dominate the continent by the end of the Cretaceous. The specific name is the Latin word intrepidus ("intrepid"), referring to the hypothesized dispersal of tyrannosauroids from Asia throughout North America following the arrival of Moros.[1]
The holotype specimen, NCSM 33392, was found in the lower Mussentuchit Member of the Cedar Mountain Formation dating from the Cenomanian age. The layer has a maximimum age of 96.4 million years. The holotype consists of a right leg, specifically the thighbone, shinbone, second and fourth metatarsal, and the third and fourth phalanx of the fourth toe. Lines of arrested growth, or LAGs, indicate that it represents a subadult individual of six or seven years old, nearing its maximum size. Additionally, two premaxillary teeth were referred to the species, specimens NCSM 33393 and NCSM 33276.[1]
Description
[edit]
Moros was a small-bodied, cursorial tyrannosauroid with an estimated leg length of 1.2 m (3.9 ft) and a body mass of 78 kg (172 lb).[1] The foot bones of Moros were extremely slender, with metatarsal proportions found to be more similar to ornithomimids than to other Late Cretaceous tyrannosauroids.[1]
Classification
[edit]In their 2019 phylogenetic analyses, Zanno and colleagues recovered Moros as a basal pantyrannosaurian alongside Asian taxa from the middle of the Cretaceous, such as Xiongguanlong and Timurlengia.[1] This phylogenetic affinity with Asian basal tyrannosauroids suggests that Moros was part of a transcontinental exchange between the biotas of Asia and North America during the mid-Cretaceous that is well-documented in other taxa.[1]
In media
[edit]Moros intepidus was featured in the 2022 American science fiction action film Jurassic World Dominion. It was the first feathered dinosaur confirmed for the film, but was incorrectly depicted as being duck-sized, as opposed to being a deer-sized animal.[4]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Zanno, Lindsay E.; Tucker, Ryan T.; Canoville, Aurore; Avrahami, Haviv M.; Gates, Terry A.; Makovicky, Peter J. (February 2019). "Diminutive fleet-footed tyrannosauroid narrows the 70-million-year gap in the North American fossil record". Communications Biology. 2 (1): 64. doi:10.1038/s42003-019-0308-7. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 6385174. PMID 30820466.
- ^ Johnson, Anna (February 21, 2019). "New dinosaur T. rex relative Moros intrepidus discovered". News Observer. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
- ^ Greshko, Michael (February 21, 2019). "New tiny tyrannosaur helps show how T. rex got big". National Geographic. Archived from the original on February 21, 2019. Retrieved February 22, 2019.
- ^ [1]
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