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{{Short description|Subfamily of legumes}}
{{automatic taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
| fossil_range = {{fossil range|57|0|[[Late Paleocene]] - recent|ref=<ref name=mobot>{{Cite web |title=Fabales|url=https://mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/orders/fabalesweb.htm|access-date=2023-06-16 |website=www.mobot.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Gao |first1=Yi |last2=Song |first2=Ai |last3=Deng |first3=Wei-Yu-Dong |last4=Chen |first4=Lin-Lin |last5=Liu |first5=Jia |last6=Li |first6=Wei-Cheng |last7=Srivastava |first7=Gaurav |last8=Spicer |first8=Robert A. |last9=Zhou |first9=Zhe-Kun |last10=Su |first10=Tao |date=2023 |title=The oldest fossil record of Bauhinia s.s. (Fabaceae) from the Tibetan Plateau sheds light on its evolutionary and biogeographic implications |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14772019.2023.2244495 |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |language=en |volume=21 |issue=1 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2023.2244495 |bibcode=2023JSPal..2144495G |issn=1477-2019}}</ref>}}
| image = Cercis siliquastrum MHNT.jpg
| image = Cercis siliquastrum MHNT.jpg
| image_caption = ''[[Cercis siliquastrum]]''
| image_caption = ''[[Cercis siliquastrum]]''
Line 5: Line 7:
| image2_caption = ''[[Phanera variegata]]''
| image2_caption = ''[[Phanera variegata]]''
| taxon = Cercidoideae
| taxon = Cercidoideae
| authority = Legume Phylogeny Working Group<ref name="6subfamilies">{{cite journal | author = The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). | year = 2017 | title = A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | volume = 66 | issue = 1 | pages = 44–77 | url = http://www.ingentaconnect.com/contentone/iapt/tax/2017/00000066/00000001/art00004 | doi = 10.12705/661.3}}</ref>
| authority = Legume Phylogeny Working Group<ref name="6subfamilies">{{cite journal | author = The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). | year = 2017 | title = A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | volume = 66 | issue = 1 | pages = 44–77 | doi = 10.12705/661.3| doi-access = free | hdl = 10568/90658 | hdl-access = free }}</ref>
| type_genus = ''[[Cercis]]''
| type_genus = ''[[Cercis]]''
| type_genus_authority = L.
| type_genus_authority = L.
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision_ranks = Genera
| subdivision = See text
| subdivision = See text
| synonyms =
| synonyms = * Bauhiniaceae <small>Martynov 1820</small>
* Bauhiniaceae <small>Martynov 1820</small>
* Cerceae <small>Bronn 1822</small>
* Cerceae <small>Bronn 1822</small>
* Cercideae <small>Bronn 1822</small>
* Cercideae <small>Bronn 1822</small>
}}
}}

'''Cercidoideae''' is a subfamily in the pea family, [[Fabaceae]]. Well-known members include ''[[Cercis]]'' (redbuds), including species widely cultivated as ornamental trees in the United States and Europe, ''[[Bauhinia]]'', widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in tropical Asia, and ''[[Tylosema esculentum]]'' (Marama bean), a traditional food crop in Africa. The subfamily occupies a basal position within the [[Fabaceae]] and is supported as [[monophyly|monophyletic]] in many [[molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenies]].<ref name="Doyle">{{cite book |vauthors=Doyle JJ, Chappill JA, Bailey CD, Kajita T | year = 2000 | chapter = Towards a comprehensive phylogeny of legumes: Evidence from ''rbcL'' sequences and non-molecular data | chapterurl = |veditors=Herendeen PS, Bruneau A | title = Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9 | url = http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=52 | location = Kew, UK | publisher = Royal Botanic Gardens | pages = 1–20 | isbn = 184246017X }}</ref><ref name="Bruneau1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bruneau A, Forest F, Herendeen PS, Klitgaard BB, Lewis GP | year = 2001 | title = Phylogenetic Relationships in the Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) as Inferred from Chloroplast ''trnL'' Intron Sequences | journal = [[Systematic Botany|Syst Bot]] | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | pages = 487–514 | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.487 | doi = 10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.487 }}</ref><ref name="Davis">{{cite journal |vauthors=Davis CC, Fritsch PW, Li J, Donoghue MJ | year = 2002 | title = Phylogeny and Biogeography of Cercis (Fabaceae): Evidence from Nuclear Ribosomal ITS and Chloroplast ''ndhF'' Sequence Data | journal = [[Systematic Botany|Syst Bot]] | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 289–302 | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1043/0363-6445-27.2.289 | doi = 10.1043/0363-6445-27.2.289 }}</ref><ref name="Wojciechowski">{{cite journal | doi = 10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846 | title = A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid ''matK'' gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family | year = 2004 |vauthors=Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M, Sanderson MJ | journal = [[American Journal of Botany|Am J Bot]] | volume = 91 | pages = 1846–62 | issue = 11 | pmid = 21652332 }}</ref><ref name="Bruneau2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bruneau A, Mercure M, Lewis GP, Herendeen PS | year = 2008 | title = Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes | journal = [[Botany (journal)|Botany]] | volume = 86 | issue = 7 | pages = 697–718 | url = http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nrc/bot/2008/00000086/00000007/art00007 | doi=10.1139/b08-058}}</ref><ref name="LPWG1">{{cite journal | author = LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] | year = 2013 | title = Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades | url = http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax/2013/00000062/00000002/art00002 | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | volume = 62 | issue = 2 | pages = 217–248 | doi=10.12705/622.8}}</ref> At the 6th International Legume Conference, the Legume Phylogeny Working Group proposed elevating the tribe Cercidae to the level of subfamily within the Leguminosae (Fabaceae).<ref name="LPWG2">{{cite journal | title = Towards a new classification system for legumes: Progress report from the 6th International Legume Conference | year = 2013 | author = LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] | journal = [[South African Journal of Botany|S Afr J Bot]] | volume = 89 | pages = 3–9 | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254629913003256 | doi = 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.022 }}</ref> The consensus agreed to the change, which was fully implemented in 2017.<ref name="6subfamilies"/> It has the following clade-based definition:
'''Cercidoideae''' is a subfamily in the pea family, [[Fabaceae]]. Well-known members include ''[[Cercis]]'' (redbuds), including species widely cultivated as ornamental trees in the United States and Europe, ''[[Bauhinia]]'', widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in tropical Asia, and ''[[Tylosema]]'' , a semi-woody genus of Africa. The subfamily occupies a basal position within the [[Fabaceae]] and is supported as [[monophyly|monophyletic]] in many [[molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenies]].<ref name="Doyle">{{cite book | vauthors = Doyle JJ, Chappill JA, Bailey CD, Kajita T | year = 2000 | chapter = Towards a comprehensive phylogeny of legumes: Evidence from ''rbcL'' sequences and non-molecular data | veditors = Herendeen PS, Bruneau A | title = Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9 | chapter-url = http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=52 | location = Kew, UK | publisher = Royal Botanic Gardens | pages = 1–20 | isbn = 184246017X | access-date = 2014-05-04 | archive-date = 2014-01-16 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140116180637/http://www.kewbooks.com/asps/ShowDetails.asp?id=52 | url-status = dead }}</ref><ref name="Bruneau1">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bruneau A, Forest F, Herendeen PS, Klitgaard BB, Lewis GP | year = 2001 | title = Phylogenetic Relationships in the Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) as Inferred from Chloroplast ''trnL'' Intron Sequences | journal = [[Systematic Botany|Syst Bot]] | volume = 26 | issue = 3 | pages = 487–514 | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.487 | doi = 10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.487 | doi-broken-date = 1 November 2024 }}</ref><ref name="Davis">{{cite journal |vauthors=Davis CC, Fritsch PW, Li J, Donoghue MJ | year = 2002 | title = Phylogeny and Biogeography of Cercis (Fabaceae): Evidence from Nuclear Ribosomal ITS and Chloroplast ''ndhF'' Sequence Data | journal = [[Systematic Botany|Syst Bot]] | volume = 27 | issue = 2 | pages = 289–302 | url = http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1043/0363-6445-27.2.289 | doi = 10.1043/0363-6445-27.2.289 | doi-broken-date = 1 November 2024 }}</ref><ref name="Wojciechowski">{{cite journal | doi = 10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846 | title = A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid ''matK'' gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family | year = 2004 |vauthors=Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M, Sanderson MJ | s2cid = 13934619 | journal = [[American Journal of Botany|Am J Bot]] | volume = 91 | pages = 1846–62 | issue = 11 | pmid = 21652332 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="Bruneau2">{{cite journal |vauthors=Bruneau A, Mercure M, Lewis GP, Herendeen PS | year = 2008 | title = Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes | journal = [[Botany (journal)|Botany]] | volume = 86 | issue = 7 | pages = 697–718 | doi=10.1139/b08-058}}</ref><ref name="LPWG1">{{cite journal | author = LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] | year = 2013 | title = Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | volume = 62 | issue = 2 | pages = 217–248 | doi=10.12705/622.8| hdl = 11336/27330 | url = https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/78167/1/Taxon_2013_217-248.pdf }}</ref> At the 6th International Legume Conference, the Legume Phylogeny Working Group proposed elevating the tribe Cercidae to the level of subfamily within the Leguminosae (Fabaceae).<ref name="LPWG2">{{cite journal | title = Towards a new classification system for legumes: Progress report from the 6th International Legume Conference | year = 2013 | author = LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] | journal = [[South African Journal of Botany|S Afr J Bot]] | volume = 89 | pages = 3–9 | doi = 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.022 | doi-access = free | hdl = 11336/29300 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> The consensus agreed to the change, which was fully implemented in 2017.<ref name="6subfamilies"/> It has the following clade-based definition:
<blockquote>The most inclusive crown clade containing ''[[Cercis canadensis]]'' <small>L.</small> and ''[[Bauhinia divaricata]]'' <small>L.</small> but not ''[[Poeppigia procera]]'' <small>C.Presl</small>, ''[[Duparquetia orchidacea]]'' <small>Baill.</small>, or ''[[Bobgunnia fistuloides]]'' <small>(Harms) J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema.</small><ref name="6subfamilies"/></blockquote>
<blockquote>The most inclusive crown clade containing ''[[Cercis canadensis]]'' <small>L.</small> and ''[[Bauhinia divaricata]]'' <small>L.</small> but not ''[[Poeppigia procera]]'' <small>C.Presl</small>, ''[[Duparquetia orchidacea]]'' <small>Baill.</small>, or ''[[Bobgunnia fistuloides]]'' <small>(Harms) J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema.</small><ref name="6subfamilies"/></blockquote>
Many genera show unique [[palynology]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Banks H, Forest F, Lewis GP | year = 2013 | title = Palynological contribution to the systematics and taxonomy of ''Bauhinia s.l.'' (Leguminosae: Cercideae) | journal = South African Journal of Botany | volume = 89 | pages = 219–226 | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254629913003311 | doi = 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.028}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Banks H, Forest F, Lewis GP | year = 2014 | title = Evolution and diversity of pollen morphology in tribe Cercideae (Leguminosae) | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | volume = 63 | issue = 2 | pages = 299–314 | url = http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/iapt/tax/2014/00000063/00000002/art00008 | doi = 10.12705/632.37}}</ref>
Many genera show unique [[palynology]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Banks H, Forest F, Lewis GP | year = 2013 | title = Palynological contribution to the systematics and taxonomy of ''Bauhinia s.l.'' (Leguminosae: Cercideae) | journal = South African Journal of Botany | volume = 89 | pages = 219–226 | doi = 10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.028| doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Banks H, Forest F, Lewis GP | year = 2014 | title = Evolution and diversity of pollen morphology in tribe Cercideae (Leguminosae) | journal = [[Taxon (journal)|Taxon]] | volume = 63 | issue = 2 | pages = 299–314 | doi = 10.12705/632.37 }}</ref>


== Genera ==
==Genera==
[[File:Lysiphyllum hookeri Flower.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Lysiphyllum hookeri]]'']]
[[File:Lysiphyllum hookeri Flower.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Lysiphyllum hookeri]]'']]
[[File:Bauhinia divaricata2.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Bauhinia divaricata]]'']]
[[File:Bauhinia divaricata2.jpg|thumb|right|''[[Bauhinia divaricata]]'']]
Cercidoideae comprises the following genera<ref name="6subfamilies"/><ref name="Sinou">{{cite journal | title = The genus ''Bauhinia s.l.'' (Leguminosae): A phylogeny based on the plastid ''trnL''–''trnF'' region | year = 2009 |vauthors=Sinou C, Forest F, Lewis GP, Bruneau A | journal = [[Botany (journal)|Botany]] | volume = 87 | issue = 10 | pages = 947–960 | url = http://www.nrcresearchpress.com/doi/abs/10.1139/B09-065#.UzB0TYX4Kzw | doi = 10.1139/B09-065 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title = Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) | year = 2010 | author = Wunderlin RP | journal = [[Phytoneuron]] | volume = 48 | pages = 1–5 | url = http://www.phytoneuron.net/PhytoN-Cercideae.pdf }}</ref> organized into subtribes:<ref name="Wunderlin1">{{cite journal | title = Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) | year = 2010 | author = Wunderlin RP | journal = [[Phytoneuron]] | volume = 48 | pages = 1–5 | url = http://www.phytoneuron.net/PhytoN-Cercideae.pdf }}</ref>
Cercidoideae comprises the following genera<ref name="6subfamilies"/><ref name="Sinou">{{cite journal | title = The genus ''Bauhinia s.l.'' (Leguminosae): A phylogeny based on the plastid ''trnL''–''trnF'' region | year = 2009 |vauthors=Sinou C, Forest F, Lewis GP, Bruneau A | journal = [[Botany (journal)|Botany]] | volume = 87 | issue = 10 | pages = 947–960 | doi = 10.1139/B09-065 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | title = Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) | year = 2010 | author = Wunderlin RP | journal = [[Phytoneuron]] | volume = 48 | pages = 1–5 | url = http://www.phytoneuron.net/PhytoN-Cercideae.pdf }}</ref> organized into tribes:<ref name="Wunderlin1">{{cite journal | title = Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae) | year = 2010 | author = Wunderlin RP | journal = [[Phytoneuron]] | volume = 48 | pages = 1–5 | url = http://www.phytoneuron.net/PhytoN-Cercideae.pdf }}</ref>


===Cercideae===
===Cercideae===
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<!-- Casparia was reclassified as Bauhinia. -->
<!-- Casparia was reclassified as Bauhinia. -->
<!-- Caulotretus was reclassified as Schnella. -->
<!-- Caulotretus was reclassified as Schnella. -->
* ''[[Cheniella]]'' <small>R.Clark & Mackinder</small><ref name="Cheniella">{{cite journal|vauthors=Clark RP, Mackinder BA, Banks H | year = 2017 | title = ''Cheniella'' gen. nov. (Leguminosae: Cercidoideae) from southern China, Indochina and Malesia | journal = European Journal of Taxonomy | issue = 360 | pages = 1–37 | doi = 10.5852/ejt.2017.360| doi-access = free }}</ref>
<!-- Elayuna was reclassified as Piliostigma. -->
<!-- Elayuna was reclassified as Piliostigma. -->
* ''[[Gigasiphon]]'' <small>Drake</small>
* ''[[Gigasiphon]]'' <small>Drake</small>
<!-- Lacara was reclassified as Schnella. -->
<!-- Lacara was reclassified as Schnella. -->
* ''[[Lasiobema]]'' <small>(Korth.) Miq.</small>{{#tag:ref|Some sources treat ''Lasiobema'' as a synonym of ''Phanera''.|group=Note}}
* ''[[Lasiobema]]'' <small>(Korth.) Miq.</small>{{#tag:ref|Some sources treat ''Lasiobema'' as a section of genus ''Phanera''.|group=Note}}
<!-- Locellaria was reclassified as Piliostigma. -->
<!-- Locellaria was reclassified as Piliostigma. -->
* ''[[Lysiphyllum]]'' <small>(Benth.) deWit</small>
* ''[[Lysiphyllum]]'' <small>(Benth.) deWit</small>
Line 53: Line 56:
<!-- Monoteles was reclassified as Bauhinia. -->
<!-- Monoteles was reclassified as Bauhinia. -->
<!-- Perlebia was reclassified as Bauhinia. -->
<!-- Perlebia was reclassified as Bauhinia. -->
* ''[[Phanera]]'' <small>Lour.</small>
* ''[[Phanera]]'' <small>Lour.</small><ref name="Jiang"/>
* ''[[Piliostigma]]'' <small>Hochst.</small>
* ''[[Piliostigma]]'' <small>Hochst.</small>
* ''[[Schnella]]'' <small>Raddi</small>
* ''[[Schnella]]'' <small>Raddi</small>
<!-- Telestria was reclassified as Bauhinia. -->
<!-- Telestria was reclassified as Bauhinia. -->
* ''[[Tournaya]]'' <small>A.Schmitz</small><ref name="Jiang">{{cite journal |last1=Jiang |first1=Kai-Wen |title=New Combinations in the Genus Phanera (Fabaceae: Cercidoideae) of China |journal=J. Jpn. Bot. |date=2020 |volume=95 |issue=4 |pages=211–213}}</ref>
<!-- Tournaya was reclassified as Gigasiphon. -->
* ''[[Tylosema]]'' <small>(Schweinf.) Torre & Hillc.</small>
* ''[[Tylosema]]'' <small>(Schweinf.) Torre & Hillc.</small>


===Extinct===
===Extinct===
* [[Extinction|†]]''[[Bauhcis]]'' <small>Calvillo-Canadell and Cevallos-Ferriz</small><ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00135-5 | url = http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0034666702001355 | title = ''Bauhcis moranii'' gen. et sp. nov. (Cercideae, Caesalpinieae), an Oligocene plant from Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla, Mex., with leaf architecture similar to ''Bauhinia'' and ''Cercis'' | year = 2002 |vauthors=Calvillo-Canadell L, Cevallos-Ferriz SR | journal = [[Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology|Rev Palaeobot Palynol]] | volume = 122 | pages = 171–184 | issue = 3–4 }}</ref>
* [[Extinction|†]]''[[Bauhcis]]'' <small>Calvillo-Canadell and Cevallos-Ferriz</small><ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00135-5 | title = ''Bauhcis moranii'' gen. et sp. nov. (Cercideae, Caesalpinieae), an Oligocene plant from Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla, Mex., with leaf architecture similar to ''Bauhinia'' and ''Cercis'' | year = 2002 |vauthors=Calvillo-Canadell L, Cevallos-Ferriz SR | journal = [[Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology|Rev Palaeobot Palynol]] | volume = 122 | pages = 171–184 | issue = 3–4 | bibcode = 2002RPaPa.122..171C }}</ref>


== Phylogeny ==
==Phylogeny==
[[Phylogenetics|Molecular phylogenetics]] suggest the following relationships:<ref name="Sinou"/><ref name="Wunderlin1"/><ref name="Cheniella"/><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Wang YH, Wicke S, Wang H, Jin JJ, Chen SY, Zhang SD, Li DZ, Yi TS | year = 2018 | title = Plastid Genome Evolution in the Early-Diverging Legume Subfamily Cercidoideae (Fabaceae) | journal = Frontiers in Plant Science | volume = 138 | issue = 138 | pages = 1–12 | doi = 10.3389/fpls.2018.00138| pmid = 29479365 | pmc = 5812350 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
[[Phylogenetics|Molecular phylogenetics]] suggest the following relationships:<ref name="Sinou"/>


{{Clade| style=line-height:75%;
{{Clade| style=line-height:75%;
Line 70: Line 73:
|1={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=[[Detarioideae]] ([[Outgroup (cladistics)|outgroup]])
|1=[[Detarioideae]] ([[Outgroup (cladistics)|outgroup]])
|label2='''Cercidoideae'''
|2={{clade
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Cercis]]''
|1=''[[Cercis]]''
Line 77: Line 81:
|1=''[[Griffonia]]''
|1=''[[Griffonia]]''
|2={{clade
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Gigasiphon]]''
|1={{clade
⚫
|1=''[[Piliostigma]]''
⚫
|2={{clade
⚫
|1=''[[Brenierea]]''
⚫
|2=''[[Bauhinia]] sensu stricto''
⚫
}}
⚫
}}
|2={{clade
|2={{clade
|1={{clade
|1=''[[Gigasiphon]]''
|1={{clade
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Lysiphyllum]]''
|1=''[[Tylosema]]''
⚫
|2={{clade
⚫
|1=''[[Schnella]]''
|2={{clade
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Lasiobema]]''
|1=''[[Barklya]]''
|2=''[[Phanera]]''
|2={{clade
⚫
|1=''[[Lysiphyllum]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Cheniella]]''
|2={{clade
|1=''[[Lasiobema]]''
|2=''[[Phanera]]''
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
}}
|2=''[[Schnella]]''<ref name="Wunderlin1"/>
⚫
|3=''[[Barklya]]''
}}
}}
⚫
|2=''[[Tylosema]]''
⚫
}}
⚫
}}
⚫
|3={{clade
⚫
|1=''[[Piliostigma]]''
⚫
|2={{clade
⚫
|1=''[[Brenierea]]''
⚫
|2=''[[Bauhinia]] sensu stricto''
}}
}}
}}
}}
Line 106: Line 117:
}}
}}


== Notes ==
==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=Note}}
{{Reflist|group=Note}}


== References ==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


==External links==
==External links==
*{{Wikispecies inline}}
* {{Wikispecies inline}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q42398994}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q42398994}}


[[Category:Legumes]]
[[Category:Cercidoideae| ]]
[[Category:Rosid subfamilies]]
[[Category:Rosid subfamilies]]

Latest revision as of 05:18, 22 November 2024

Cercidoideae
Temporal range: Late Paleocene - recent[1][2]
Cercis siliquastrum
Phanera variegata
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Cercidoideae
Legume Phylogeny Working Group[3]
Type genus
Cercis
L.
Genera

See text

Synonyms
  • Bauhiniaceae Martynov 1820
  • Cerceae Bronn 1822
  • Cercideae Bronn 1822

Cercidoideae is a subfamily in the pea family, Fabaceae. Well-known members include Cercis (redbuds), including species widely cultivated as ornamental trees in the United States and Europe, Bauhinia, widely cultivated as an ornamental tree in tropical Asia, and Tylosema , a semi-woody genus of Africa. The subfamily occupies a basal position within the Fabaceae and is supported as monophyletic in many molecular phylogenies.[4][5][6][7][8][9] At the 6th International Legume Conference, the Legume Phylogeny Working Group proposed elevating the tribe Cercidae to the level of subfamily within the Leguminosae (Fabaceae).[10] The consensus agreed to the change, which was fully implemented in 2017.[3] It has the following clade-based definition:

The most inclusive crown clade containing Cercis canadensis L. and Bauhinia divaricata L. but not Poeppigia procera C.Presl, Duparquetia orchidacea Baill., or Bobgunnia fistuloides (Harms) J.H.Kirkbr. & Wiersema.[3]

Many genera show unique palynology.[11][12]

Genera

[edit]
Lysiphyllum hookeri
Bauhinia divaricata

Cercidoideae comprises the following genera[3][13][14] organized into tribes:[15]

Cercideae

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Bauhinieae

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Extinct

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Phylogeny

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Molecular phylogenetics suggest the following relationships:[13][15][16][19]

Fabales

Notes

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  1. ^ Some sources treat Lasiobema as a section of genus Phanera.

References

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  1. ^ "Fabales". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 2023-06-16.
  2. ^ Gao, Yi; Song, Ai; Deng, Wei-Yu-Dong; Chen, Lin-Lin; Liu, Jia; Li, Wei-Cheng; Srivastava, Gaurav; Spicer, Robert A.; Zhou, Zhe-Kun; Su, Tao (2023). "The oldest fossil record of Bauhinia s.s. (Fabaceae) from the Tibetan Plateau sheds light on its evolutionary and biogeographic implications". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 21 (1). Bibcode:2023JSPal..2144495G. doi:10.1080/14772019.2023.2244495. ISSN 1477-2019.
  3. ^ a b c d The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). (2017). "A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny". Taxon. 66 (1): 44–77. doi:10.12705/661.3. hdl:10568/90658.
  4. ^ Doyle JJ, Chappill JA, Bailey CD, Kajita T (2000). "Towards a comprehensive phylogeny of legumes: Evidence from rbcL sequences and non-molecular data". In Herendeen PS, Bruneau A (eds.). Advances in Legume Systematics, Part 9. Kew, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens. pp. 1–20. ISBN 184246017X. Archived from the original on 2014-01-16. Retrieved 2014-05-04.
  5. ^ Bruneau A, Forest F, Herendeen PS, Klitgaard BB, Lewis GP (2001). "Phylogenetic Relationships in the Caesalpinioideae (Leguminosae) as Inferred from Chloroplast trnL Intron Sequences". Syst Bot. 26 (3): 487–514. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-26.3.487 (inactive 1 November 2024).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
  6. ^ Davis CC, Fritsch PW, Li J, Donoghue MJ (2002). "Phylogeny and Biogeography of Cercis (Fabaceae): Evidence from Nuclear Ribosomal ITS and Chloroplast ndhF Sequence Data". Syst Bot. 27 (2): 289–302. doi:10.1043/0363-6445-27.2.289 (inactive 1 November 2024).{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link)
  7. ^ Wojciechowski MF, Lavin M, Sanderson MJ (2004). "A phylogeny of legumes (Leguminosae) based on analysis of the plastid matK gene resolves many well-supported subclades within the family". Am J Bot. 91 (11): 1846–62. doi:10.3732/ajb.91.11.1846. PMID 21652332. S2CID 13934619.
  8. ^ Bruneau A, Mercure M, Lewis GP, Herendeen PS (2008). "Phylogenetic patterns and diversification in the caesalpinioid legumes". Botany. 86 (7): 697–718. doi:10.1139/b08-058.
  9. ^ LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] (2013). "Legume phylogeny and classification in the 21st century: progress, prospects and lessons for other species-rich clades" (PDF). Taxon. 62 (2): 217–248. doi:10.12705/622.8. hdl:11336/27330.
  10. ^ LPWG [Legume Phylogeny Working Group] (2013). "Towards a new classification system for legumes: Progress report from the 6th International Legume Conference". S Afr J Bot. 89: 3–9. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.022. hdl:11336/29300.
  11. ^ Banks H, Forest F, Lewis GP (2013). "Palynological contribution to the systematics and taxonomy of Bauhinia s.l. (Leguminosae: Cercideae)". South African Journal of Botany. 89: 219–226. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2013.07.028.
  12. ^ Banks H, Forest F, Lewis GP (2014). "Evolution and diversity of pollen morphology in tribe Cercideae (Leguminosae)". Taxon. 63 (2): 299–314. doi:10.12705/632.37.
  13. ^ a b Sinou C, Forest F, Lewis GP, Bruneau A (2009). "The genus Bauhinia s.l. (Leguminosae): A phylogeny based on the plastid trnL–trnF region". Botany. 87 (10): 947–960. doi:10.1139/B09-065.
  14. ^ Wunderlin RP (2010). "Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 48: 1–5.
  15. ^ a b Wunderlin RP (2010). "Reorganization of the Cercideae (Fabaceae: Caesalpinioideae)" (PDF). Phytoneuron. 48: 1–5.
  16. ^ a b Clark RP, Mackinder BA, Banks H (2017). "Cheniella gen. nov. (Leguminosae: Cercidoideae) from southern China, Indochina and Malesia". European Journal of Taxonomy (360): 1–37. doi:10.5852/ejt.2017.360.
  17. ^ a b Jiang, Kai-Wen (2020). "New Combinations in the Genus Phanera (Fabaceae: Cercidoideae) of China". J. Jpn. Bot. 95 (4): 211–213.
  18. ^ Calvillo-Canadell L, Cevallos-Ferriz SR (2002). "Bauhcis moranii gen. et sp. nov. (Cercideae, Caesalpinieae), an Oligocene plant from Tepexi de Rodríguez, Puebla, Mex., with leaf architecture similar to Bauhinia and Cercis". Rev Palaeobot Palynol. 122 (3–4): 171–184. Bibcode:2002RPaPa.122..171C. doi:10.1016/S0034-6667(02)00135-5.
  19. ^ Wang YH, Wicke S, Wang H, Jin JJ, Chen SY, Zhang SD, Li DZ, Yi TS (2018). "Plastid Genome Evolution in the Early-Diverging Legume Subfamily Cercidoideae (Fabaceae)". Frontiers in Plant Science. 138 (138): 1–12. doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00138. PMC 5812350. PMID 29479365.
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