Jump to content

Stefan Frankowski: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Added {{expand language}} tag to article (TW)
m Disambiguating links to Commodore (link changed to Commodore (rank); link changed to Commodore (rank)) using DisamAssist.
 
(21 intermediate revisions by 14 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{expand language|topic=|langcode=pl|otherarticle=Stefan Frankowski|date=July 2018}}
{{expand Polish|topic=bio|otherarticle=Stefan Frankowski|date=July 2018}}
{{Unreferenced|date=February 2009}}
{{nofootnotes|date=September 2021}}

{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Stefan Frankowski
| awards = Golden Cross of [[Virtuti Militari]]
| rank = [[File:POL PMW pagon1 komandor infobox.png|40px]] [[Captain]]<br>[[File:POL PMW pagon1 kontradmiral infobox.svg|40px]] [[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]] (posthumously)
| allegiance = [[Imperial Russian Navy]]<br>[[Polish Navy]]
| serviceyears = 1908-1940
| death_place = [[Bielawa]], [[III Reich]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1940|09|25|1887|04|3|df=y}}
| image = Stefan Frankowski.jpg
| birth_place = Hołowli, [[Russian Empire]]
| birth_date = 3 April 1887
}}

[[Image:Frankowski-nagrobek.JPG|thumb|225px|Grave of Stefan Frankowski in [[Wrocław]]]]
[[Image:Frankowski-nagrobek.JPG|thumb|225px|Grave of Stefan Frankowski in [[Wrocław]]]]
[[File:Hel kapitulacja 01.jpg|thumb|225px|Captain Stefan Frankowski and konteradmiral [[Hubert Schmundt]], Hel 1939]]


'''Stefan Frankowski''' (3 April 1887 in [[Volhynia]] – 25 September 1940 in [[Bielawa]]) was a Polish [[Commodore (rank)|commodore]], [[Posthumous recognition|posthumously]] promoted to [[counteradmiral]]. An officer of surface naval ships, from 1908 to 1917 he served in the [[Russian Imperial Navy]] [[Russian Navy|Navy]] and participated in the [[First World War]]. Later he joined the [[Polish Navy]] and commanded a [[Squadron (naval)|squadron]] of [[torpedo boat]]s, was the commander of the Polish Navy NCO School, and was chief of Director Staff of Polish Navy. During the [[Invasion of Poland]] of 1939 he was a commander of [[Naval Coast Defence]]. Taken [[prisoner of war]] by the Germans, he died in captivity in 1940.
'''Stefan Frankowski''' (3 April 1887, in [[Volhynia]] – 25 September 1940, in [[Bielawa]]) was a Polish [[Captain]], [[Posthumous recognition|posthumously]] promoted to [[Rear Admiral]]. An officer of surface naval ships, from 1908 to 1917 he served in the [[Russian Imperial Navy]] and participated in the [[First World War]]. Later he joined the [[Polish Navy]] and commanded a [[Squadron (naval)|squadron]] of [[torpedo boat]]s, was the commander of the Polish Navy NCO School, and was chief of Director Staff of Polish Navy. During the [[Invasion of Poland]] of 1939 he was a commander of [[Naval Coast Defence]]. Taken [[prisoner of war]] by the Germans, he died in captivity in 1940.

==Biography==
In the years 1899-1905 he was a student of a six-grade school in Kiev. In 1908 he graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps in Saint Petersburg and was promoted to the rank of [[michman]]. During his service in the Imperial Russian Navy he sailed as a navigation officer on surface ships: the battleships "Cesarewicz" and "Slava" and the cruiser "Aurora". In 1912 he was promoted to lieutenant (Lieutenant (junior grade)). In 1913 he attended a course for navigation officers. During World War I he was a navigation officer in the 2nd Battleship Brigade of the Baltic Sea Fleet.

In 1919 he volunteered for the Polish Army and took up the position of head of the Operations Department in the Navy Section of the Ministry of Military Affairs in Warsaw. For a short time he was acting head of the Navy Section. After its transformation into the Department for Maritime Affairs, he became head of the Operations Department in the Organizational Section. He also led the work of the Verification Commission for Officers. Between 1919 and 1920 he worked as an officer for orders and a maritime representative in Stockholm.<ref>{{in lang|pl}} Waldemar Strzałkowski podał, że admirał w okresie od marca 1919 do lipca 1921 był attaché morskim w Szwecji. Tadeusz Kryska-Karski i Stanisław Żurakowski oraz Zbigniew Wojciechowski, jako datę rozpoczęcia służby w Sztokholmie wymieniają styczeń 1919 r.</ref> After returning to Poland, he became the commendant of the course for officers of the Riverine-Coast Corps, and then head of the Personnel-Training Section in the Department for Maritime Affairs. When the Navy Management was established in Warsaw, he was appointed head of the Regulations and Training Department, and shortly afterwards he was appointed head of the Organizational-Mobilization Department. From October 1923 to September 1925, he was a student of the [[École navale]] in France. On November 17, 1925, the Minister of Military Affairs awarded him the academic title of General Staff officer.<ref>{{in lang|pl}} Dz. Pers. MSWojsk. ↓, Nr 121 z 17 listopada 1925 roku, s. 651.</ref> In September 1925 he took over command of the torpedo boat squadron in Gdynia. From 1926 to 1929 he was commanding the Naval Officers' School in [[Toruń]]. On 27 April 1929 he became chief of staff in the Navy Management in Warsaw.<ref>{{in lang|pl}} Dz. Pers. MSWojsk. Nr 9 z 27 kwietnia 1929 roku, s. 132.</ref> He was dismissed from his position due to failure to secure documents. On 11 April 1933 he received the position of commander of Coastal Defence.<ref>{{in lang|pl}} Dz. Pers. MSWojsk. Nr 5 z 11 kwietnia 1933 roku, s. 90.</ref> After its separation in 1939 he commanded the Coastal Defence in Gdynia. In 1929 he became the president of the Main Committee of the Marshal Józef Piłsudski Submarine Fund. From 1931 to 1935 he chaired the Editorial Committee of the "Przegląd Morski" (Morski Review). He was also a member of the Main Council of the Maritime and Colonial League.

During the defense of the Coast during the [[Invasion of Poland]], he commanded the entire army gathered on the Hel Peninsula and the mine ships in the [[Gdańsk Bay]]. On 3 September 1939 he decided to evacuate the Coastal Defense Command to Hel. After the campaign he was held in German captivity in the oflags: X B Nimburg, XVII C Spittal, II C Woldenberg and VIII B Silberberg. In 1940, in serious condition, he was transported to the hospital in Bielawa, where he died on September 25. After [[Second World War]], his remains were exhumed and buried at the Polish Soldiers' Cemetery in Wrocław-Oporów. On 26 September 1946 he was posthumously promoted to the rank of Kontradmirał ([[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]]).

==Personal life==
In 1922, Stefan Frankowski married Maria Róża née Dobrowolska. They had two children, a son, Stefan (1924–1961), and a daughter, Jolanta. He was an encyclopaedist. He was listed among the editors of the eight-volume Military Encyclopedia published in the years 1931–1939. He was a member of the editorial committee of this encyclopedia.

==Promotions==
* [[File:Russian Imperial Navy Michman shoulder.png|50px]] [[Michman]] ([[Midshipman]]) - 1908
* [[File:Russian Imperial Navy Lejtnant.png|50px]] Lejtnant ([[Lieutenant (junior grade)]]) - 1912
* [[File:POL PMW kapitan poz.svg|50px]] Kapitan ([[Lieutenant (navy)|Lieutenant]]) - 1919
* [[File:POL PMW pagon1 kmdr por infobox.svg|50px]] Komandor porucznik ([[Commander]]) - 1921
* [[File:POL PMW pagon1 komandor infobox.png|50px]] Komandor ([[Captain (United States O-6)|Captain]]) - 1 January 1929
* [[File:POL PMW pagon1 kontradmiral infobox.svg|50px]] Kontradmirał ([[Commodore (rank)|Commodore]])


==Honours and awards==
==Honours and awards==
* [[File:POL Virtuti Militari Złoty BAR.svg|60px]] Golden Cross of [[Virtuti Militari]] (posthumously)<ref>{{in lang|pl}} Łukomski G., Polak B., Suchcitz A., Kawalerowie Virtuti Militari 1792–1945, Koszalin 1997, s. 369.</ref>
:Gold Cross of the [[Order of Virtuti Militari]] (posthumously)
:Officer's Cross of the [[Order of Polonia Restituta]] (1930)
* [[File:POL Polonia Restituta Oficerski BAR.svg|60px]] Officer's Cross of [[Order of Polonia Restituta]] (8 November 1930)<ref>{{in lang|pl}} M.P. z 1930 r. nr 260, poz. 352 „za zasługi na polu organizacji i wyszkolenia wojska”.</ref>
* [[File:POL Krzyż Walecznych (1920) BAR.svg|60px]] [[Cross of Valour (Poland)|Cross of Valour]]<ref>{{in lang|pl}} Stanisław Łoza (red.): Czy wiesz kto to jest?. Wyd. II popr. Warszawa: Główna Księgarnia Wojskowa, 1938, s. 181.</ref>
:[[Cross of Valour (Poland)|Cross of Valour]]
* [[File:POL Krzyż Zasługi (1923) BAR.svg|60px]] Golden [[Cross of Merit (Poland)|Cross of Merit]] (28 November 1928)<ref>{{in lang|pl}} M.P. z 1928 r. nr 260, poz. 634 „w uznaniu zasług, położonych na polu pracy w poszczególnych działach wojskowości”.</ref>
:[[Cross of Merit (Poland)|Gold Cross of Merit]]
* [[File:POL Medal Pamiątkowy Za Wojnę 1918-1921 BAR.svg|60px]] Commemorative Medal for the War of 1918–1921
:Officer of the [[Legion of Honour]] (France)
* [[File:POL Medal 10-lecia Odzyskania Niepodległości BAR.svg|60px]] Medal of the Tenth Anniversary of Regained Independence
* [[File:Legion Honneur Officier ribbon.svg|60px]] Officer of [[Legion of Honour]] (France)<ref>{{in lang|pl}} Dziennik Personalny MSWojsk Nr 8/1932, s. 336</ref>
* [[File:SWE Royal Order of the Sword - Knight 1st Class BAR.png|60px]] Knight 1st Class of [[Order of the Sword]] (Sweden)<ref>{{in lang|sv}} Sveriges statskalender. Sztokholm: 1925, s. 922</ref>
* [[File:World War I Victory Medal ribbon.svg|60px]] [[1914–1918 Inter-Allied Victory medal]]

==References==
{{reflist}}
*Waldemar Strzałkowski: Życiorysy dowódców jednostek polskich w wojnie obronnej 1939 r., Stefan Frankowski (1887-1940) [in]: Jurga Tadeusz, Obrona Polski 1939, Instytut Wydawniczy PAX, Warszawa 1990, ISBN 83-211-1096-7, p. 766-777,
*Tadeusz Kryska-Karski i Stanisław Żurakowski: Generałowie Polski Niepodległej, Editions Spotkania, Warszawa 1991, wyd. II uzupełnione i poprawione, s. 92,
*Julian Czerwiński, Małgorzata Czerwińska, Maria Babnis, Alfons Jankowski, Jan Sawicki: Kadry Morskie Rzeczypospolitej. Tom II. Polska Marynarka Wojenna. Część I. Korpus oficerów 1918–1947. Wyższa Szkoła Morska. Gdynia 1996. (ISBN 83-86703-50-4).
Zbigniew Wojciechowski: Kontradmirał Stefan Frankowski, „Bandera”, s. 8.

{{authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Frankowski Stefan}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Frankowski Stefan}}
Line 20: Line 66:
[[Category:Polish prisoners of war]]
[[Category:Polish prisoners of war]]
[[Category:Officers of the Order of Polonia Restituta]]
[[Category:Officers of the Order of Polonia Restituta]]
[[Category:Gold Crosses of the Virtuti Militari]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Cross of the Virtuti Militari]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Cross of Valour (Poland)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Cross of Merit (Poland)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Gold Cross of Merit (Poland)]]
[[Category:Officiers of the Légion d'honneur]]
[[Category:Officers of the Legion of Honour]]




{{Poland-mil-bio-stub}}
{{Poland-mil-bio-stub}}
[[Category:Polish military attachés]]

Latest revision as of 10:26, 22 November 2024

Stefan Frankowski
Personal details
Born3 April 1887
Hołowli, Russian Empire
Died25 September 1940(1940-09-25) (aged 53)
Bielawa, III Reich
AwardsGolden Cross of Virtuti Militari
Military service
AllegianceImperial Russian Navy
Polish Navy
Years of service1908-1940
Rank Captain
Commodore (posthumously)
Grave of Stefan Frankowski in Wrocław
Captain Stefan Frankowski and konteradmiral Hubert Schmundt, Hel 1939

Stefan Frankowski (3 April 1887, in Volhynia – 25 September 1940, in Bielawa) was a Polish Captain, posthumously promoted to Rear Admiral. An officer of surface naval ships, from 1908 to 1917 he served in the Russian Imperial Navy and participated in the First World War. Later he joined the Polish Navy and commanded a squadron of torpedo boats, was the commander of the Polish Navy NCO School, and was chief of Director Staff of Polish Navy. During the Invasion of Poland of 1939 he was a commander of Naval Coast Defence. Taken prisoner of war by the Germans, he died in captivity in 1940.

Biography

[edit]

In the years 1899-1905 he was a student of a six-grade school in Kiev. In 1908 he graduated from the Naval Cadet Corps in Saint Petersburg and was promoted to the rank of michman. During his service in the Imperial Russian Navy he sailed as a navigation officer on surface ships: the battleships "Cesarewicz" and "Slava" and the cruiser "Aurora". In 1912 he was promoted to lieutenant (Lieutenant (junior grade)). In 1913 he attended a course for navigation officers. During World War I he was a navigation officer in the 2nd Battleship Brigade of the Baltic Sea Fleet.

In 1919 he volunteered for the Polish Army and took up the position of head of the Operations Department in the Navy Section of the Ministry of Military Affairs in Warsaw. For a short time he was acting head of the Navy Section. After its transformation into the Department for Maritime Affairs, he became head of the Operations Department in the Organizational Section. He also led the work of the Verification Commission for Officers. Between 1919 and 1920 he worked as an officer for orders and a maritime representative in Stockholm.[1] After returning to Poland, he became the commendant of the course for officers of the Riverine-Coast Corps, and then head of the Personnel-Training Section in the Department for Maritime Affairs. When the Navy Management was established in Warsaw, he was appointed head of the Regulations and Training Department, and shortly afterwards he was appointed head of the Organizational-Mobilization Department. From October 1923 to September 1925, he was a student of the École navale in France. On November 17, 1925, the Minister of Military Affairs awarded him the academic title of General Staff officer.[2] In September 1925 he took over command of the torpedo boat squadron in Gdynia. From 1926 to 1929 he was commanding the Naval Officers' School in Toruń. On 27 April 1929 he became chief of staff in the Navy Management in Warsaw.[3] He was dismissed from his position due to failure to secure documents. On 11 April 1933 he received the position of commander of Coastal Defence.[4] After its separation in 1939 he commanded the Coastal Defence in Gdynia. In 1929 he became the president of the Main Committee of the Marshal Józef Piłsudski Submarine Fund. From 1931 to 1935 he chaired the Editorial Committee of the "Przegląd Morski" (Morski Review). He was also a member of the Main Council of the Maritime and Colonial League.

During the defense of the Coast during the Invasion of Poland, he commanded the entire army gathered on the Hel Peninsula and the mine ships in the Gdańsk Bay. On 3 September 1939 he decided to evacuate the Coastal Defense Command to Hel. After the campaign he was held in German captivity in the oflags: X B Nimburg, XVII C Spittal, II C Woldenberg and VIII B Silberberg. In 1940, in serious condition, he was transported to the hospital in Bielawa, where he died on September 25. After Second World War, his remains were exhumed and buried at the Polish Soldiers' Cemetery in Wrocław-Oporów. On 26 September 1946 he was posthumously promoted to the rank of Kontradmirał (Commodore).

Personal life

[edit]

In 1922, Stefan Frankowski married Maria Róża née Dobrowolska. They had two children, a son, Stefan (1924–1961), and a daughter, Jolanta. He was an encyclopaedist. He was listed among the editors of the eight-volume Military Encyclopedia published in the years 1931–1939. He was a member of the editorial committee of this encyclopedia.

Promotions

[edit]

Honours and awards

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ (in Polish) Waldemar Strzałkowski podał, że admirał w okresie od marca 1919 do lipca 1921 był attaché morskim w Szwecji. Tadeusz Kryska-Karski i Stanisław Żurakowski oraz Zbigniew Wojciechowski, jako datę rozpoczęcia służby w Sztokholmie wymieniają styczeń 1919 r.
  2. ^ (in Polish) Dz. Pers. MSWojsk. ↓, Nr 121 z 17 listopada 1925 roku, s. 651.
  3. ^ (in Polish) Dz. Pers. MSWojsk. Nr 9 z 27 kwietnia 1929 roku, s. 132.
  4. ^ (in Polish) Dz. Pers. MSWojsk. Nr 5 z 11 kwietnia 1933 roku, s. 90.
  5. ^ (in Polish) Łukomski G., Polak B., Suchcitz A., Kawalerowie Virtuti Militari 1792–1945, Koszalin 1997, s. 369.
  6. ^ (in Polish) M.P. z 1930 r. nr 260, poz. 352 „za zasługi na polu organizacji i wyszkolenia wojska”.
  7. ^ (in Polish) Stanisław Łoza (red.): Czy wiesz kto to jest?. Wyd. II popr. Warszawa: Główna Księgarnia Wojskowa, 1938, s. 181.
  8. ^ (in Polish) M.P. z 1928 r. nr 260, poz. 634 „w uznaniu zasług, położonych na polu pracy w poszczególnych działach wojskowości”.
  9. ^ (in Polish) Dziennik Personalny MSWojsk Nr 8/1932, s. 336
  10. ^ (in Swedish) Sveriges statskalender. Sztokholm: 1925, s. 922
  • Waldemar Strzałkowski: Życiorysy dowódców jednostek polskich w wojnie obronnej 1939 r., Stefan Frankowski (1887-1940) [in]: Jurga Tadeusz, Obrona Polski 1939, Instytut Wydawniczy PAX, Warszawa 1990, ISBN 83-211-1096-7, p. 766-777,
  • Tadeusz Kryska-Karski i Stanisław Żurakowski: Generałowie Polski Niepodległej, Editions Spotkania, Warszawa 1991, wyd. II uzupełnione i poprawione, s. 92,
  • Julian Czerwiński, Małgorzata Czerwińska, Maria Babnis, Alfons Jankowski, Jan Sawicki: Kadry Morskie Rzeczypospolitej. Tom II. Polska Marynarka Wojenna. Część I. Korpus oficerów 1918–1947. Wyższa Szkoła Morska. Gdynia 1996. (ISBN 83-86703-50-4).

Zbigniew Wojciechowski: Kontradmirał Stefan Frankowski, „Bandera”, s. 8.


Stub icon

This biographical article related to the military of Poland is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Stefan_Frankowski&oldid=1258919228"