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{{distinguish|Yīng}}

{{cleanup|reason=language|date=June 2013}}
{{Infobox surname
{{Infobox surname
| name = Ying
| name = Ying
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| caption = Ying surname
| caption = Ying surname
| pronunciation =
| pronunciation =
| language = Chinese
| languageorigin = [[Old Chinese]]
| languageorigin = [[Old Chinese]]
| origin =
| origin =
| derivation = [[Shaohao]] (少昊) <br> [[Gao_Yao_(Xia_Dynasty)|Gaoyao]] (皋陶) <br> [[Yi (husbandman)|Boyi]] (伯益) <br> [[Zhuanxu|Gaoyang]] (高揚) <br> [[Feizi]] (非子) <br> [[Ying Zheng]] (嬴政)
| derivation = [[Shaohao]] (少昊) <br /> [[Gao Yao (Xia dynasty)|Gaoyao]] (皋陶) <br /> [[Yi (husbandman)|Boyi]] (伯益) <br /> [[Zhuanxu|Gaoyang]] (高揚) <br /> [[Feizi]] (非子) <br /> [[Ying Zheng]] (嬴政)
| meaning = Be Full (嬴)
| meaning = Be Full (嬴)
| variant = Young/[[Yang (surname)|Yong]]/[[Yang (surname)|Yang]]/[[Wang (surname)|Wang]]
| variant = Young/[[Yang (surname)|Yong]]/[[Yang (surname)|Yang]]/[[Wang (surname)|Wang]]
| cognate = [[Jin (surname)]] <br> [[Li (surname)]] <br> [[Xu (surname)]] <br> [[Zhao (surname)]]
| cognate = [[Jin (Chinese surname)]] <br />[[Jin (Korean surname)]] <br /> [[Qin (surname)]] <br /> [[Xu (surname 徐)|Xu (surname)]] <br /> [[Zhao (surname)]]
| derivative = Ing/In/[[Yin (surname)|Yin]]
| derivative = Ing/In/[[Yin (disambiguation)|Yin]]
| seealso = [[Qin (state)]] <br> [[Qi Dynasty]] <br> [[Former Qin]]
| seealso = [[Qin (state)]] <br /> [[Southern Qi]] <br />[[Northern Qi]] <br /> [[Former Qin]]
| family = [[Chinese language|Chinese]]
| language = [[Chinese language|Chinese]]
}}
}}


'''Ying''' ({{zh|c=嬴}}) is a Chinese surname. It is the royal house name of the early [[Qin (state)|Qin]], and [[Qin Dynasty]]. [[Qin Shi Huang|Ying Zheng]] is the first emperor of the unified Chinese empire.
'''Yíng''' ({{zh|c=嬴}}) is an ancient [[Chinese surname]]. It was the noble house name of the [[Qin state]] during the [[Eastern Zhou dynasty]], and the royal name of the subsequent [[Qin dynasty]]. [[Qin Shi Huang|Yíng Zheng]] was the first [[emperor of China|emperor]] of the unified Chinese empire.


Ying was one of the "[[Eight Great Surnames of Chinese Antiquity|Eight Great ''Xing''s of High Antiquity]]" ({{linktext|上|古|八|大|姓}}), along with [[Jī]] ({{linktext|姬}}), [[Yao (surname)|Yáo]] ({{linktext|姚}}), [[Si (surname 姒)|Sì]] ({{linktext|姒}}), Yún ({{linktext|妘}}), [[Gui (ancestral surname)|Gui]] ({{linktext|媯}}) and Rèn ({{linktext|妊}}), though some sources quote [[Ji (surname 姞)|Jí]] ({{linktext|姞}}) as the last one instead of Rèn. Of these ''xing''s, only Jiang and Yao have survived in their original form to modern days as frequently occurring surnames, while Ji can still be seen occasionally. In the present day, the Ying surname is shared by less than 1000 people in [[mainland China]], and is overall the 1520th-most common surname.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cnbjx.com/xingshi/ying_3291.html|title = 嬴姓的来源 嬴氏的姓氏源流-姓氏大全-百家姓周易起名}}</ref> In 2019, it was found that only exactly two people in [[Taiwan]] still had this surname.<ref>{{Citation |title= |url=https://www.ris.gov.tw/documents/data/5/2/107namestat.pdf |year=2018 |trans-title=Statistical analysis of national names |script-title=zh:全國姓名統計分析 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117163141/https://www.ris.gov.tw/documents/data/5/2/107namestat.pdf |publisher=Ministry of the Interior, [[Republic of China]] |access-date=10 Feb 2023 |url-status=live |archive-date=17 Jan 2023}}</ref>
The Zhao family is one such kind of clan belonging to the Ying tribe. There are 14 clan names in [[China]] derived from the same ancestral name Ying, they are the famous members of the Ying group which are from the Zhao family.


There are however 14 clan names in [[China]] derived from the same ancestral name Yíng. [[Zhao (surname)|Zhao]], one of the most common Chinese surnames, is one such kind of cadet surnames that descended from the Yíng name.
⚫
== The origin of Ying family ==

⚫
== The origin of Yíng family ==
{{main|House of Ying}}
{{main|House of Ying}}
[[Shaohao]] have a Child the [[Gao_Yao_(Xia_Dynasty)|Gaoyao]], also Gaoyao (皋陶) have a child a [[Yi (husbandman)|Boyi]] (伯益). Boyi (伯益) has job for [[flood control]] and get surname Ying (嬴) at early [[Xia Dynasty]] period. [[Yu the Great]] gave a state of [[Dengfeng]] to the son of Boyi (伯益), thus started the [[Ying (state)|State of Ying]] (英). Also, other children of Boyi (伯益) became feudal lord of [[Liu (state)]] (六), [[Xuchang|Xu (Chinese state)]] (許) by order of [[Yu the Great]]. Later, [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Ying]] (赢) tribe founded in state of Ying (英), Liu (六), Xu (許) in [[Henan]].
Ying is the surname of [[Shaohao]] (少皞).<ref>{{cite book |last1= |first1= |title=A Chinese Bestiary: Guideways Through Mountains and Seas|year=2002 |publisher=|isbn=978-0520298514}}</ref> [[Shaohao]] had a child, [[Gao Yao (Xia dynasty)|Gaoyao]] (皋陶). Gaoyao had a child, [[Yi (husbandman)|Boyi]] (伯益). Boyi (伯益) was in charge of [[flood control]] and got the surname Yíng (嬴), which means 'bountiful,' in the early [[Xia dynasty]]. [[Yu the Great]] granted state of [[Dengfeng]] to the son of Boyi (伯益). This became the [[Ying (state)|State of Yíng]] (英). Other children of Boyi (伯益) became the feudal lord of [[Liu (Chinese state)|Liu state]] (六), and [[Xu (state)|Xu state]] (徐), by order of [[Yu the Great]]. Later, the [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Yíng]] (赢) tribe was founded in the state of Yíng (英), and the Liu (六) in, Xu (徐) in [[Henan]].<ref>[[:zh:伯益|Chinese wikipedia article 伯益]]</ref>
<ref>[[:zh:%E4%BC%AF%E7%9B%8A|story of 伯益]]</ref>
<ref>[[Gao Yao (Xia Dynasty)]]</ref>
<ref>[http://www.baike.com/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E7%9B%8A story of 伯益]</ref>
<ref>[[Yi (husbandman)|boyi]]</ref>


Ying tribe is a powerful feudal lord in at last [[Shang Dynasty]] period. [[Feilian]] (蜚廉) the [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Ying]] (皋) family is the General and feudal lord of [[Shang Dynasty]] the [[King Zhou of Shang]] period. After the fall of [[Shang Dynasty]], Ying tribe move to [[Shanxi]] and [[Gansu]].
The Yíng tribe were powerful feudal lords at the end of the [[Shang dynasty]] period. [[Feilian (Shang dynasty)|Feilian]] (蜚廉) of the [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Yíng]] (皋) family was the General and feudal lord under [[King Zhou of Shang]]. After the fall of the [[Shang dynasty]], the Yíng tribe moved to [[Shanxi]] and [[Gansu]].
<ref name="shiji">{{cite web |url=http://www.guoxue.com/shibu/24shi/shiji/sj_005.htm |script-title=zh:秦本纪 |trans-title=Annals of Qin |work=[[Records of the Grand Historian]] |author=Sima Qian |author-link=Sima Qian |language=zh |publisher=guoxue.com |access-date=7 May 2012}}</ref>
<ref>[[:zh:%E8%9C%9A%E5%BB%89|蜚廉]]</ref>
<ref>[http://www.internet.hk/doc-view-29937.html story of 蜚廉]</ref>


[[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Ying]] (皋) family, Feizi (非子, Biza) got the [[Qin County]] (秦邑) in [[Shanxi]] from the Government of [[Zhou Dynasty]] in the [[King Xiao of Zhou]] period, therefore started the [[Qin Dynasty]].<ref>http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feizi</ref>
The [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Yíng]] (皋) family's [[Feizi]] (非子, Biza) received [[Qin County]] (秦邑) in [[Shanxi]] from [[King Xiao of Zhou]], thereby beginning the [[Qin dynasty]] lineage.


Old Chinese [[Yīng (surname)|Ying]] tribe the [[Bai people]], [[Xu (surname)|Xu people]], [[Qiang people]], and some [[Nomad]] Chinese founded in territory in [[Qin (state)]]. Also, in the [[Qin (state)]] the [[Duke Mu of Qin]] period, [[Xirong (people)|Xirong]] people join a [[Qin (state)]] for army of [[Qin (state)]].<ref>[[:zh:%E7%94%B1%E4%BD%99|由余]]</ref> The [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Ying]] royal family of [[Qin (state)]] get various surname from any surname of the Citizen in [[Qin (state)]].
The [[Bai people]], of the old Chinese [[Yīng (surname)|Yíng]], the [[Xu (surname 徐)|Xu people]], the [[Qiang people]], and some [[nomad]] tribes were found in the area of the [[Qin (state)]]. Also, in the [[Qin (state)]], at the time of [[Duke Mu of Qin]], the [[Xirong (people)|Xirong]] people joined the [[Qin (state)]], by way of service in/with the army of [[Qin (state)]]. The [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Yíng]] royal family of [[Qin (state)]] got various surnames from many surname of their Citizens.


After/during the [[Duke Zhuang of Qin]], [[Longxi]] of [[Gansu]] and that around is territory of [[Qin (state)]]. That place merge to territory of [[Xiongnu|Xiongnu Dynasty]] after fall of [[Qin Dynasty]]. After the fall of [[Qin Dynasty]], [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Ying]] family with citizen of [[Qin Dynasty]] remain in [[Longxi]] of [[Gansu]].
From the time of [[Duke Zhuang of Qin]], [[Longxi County, Gansu|Longxi]] County in [[Gansu]] and the surrounding territory was part of the [[Qin (state)]]. It merged into the territory of the [[Xiongnu]], after the fall of the [[Qin dynasty]]; although citizens of the [[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Yíng]] family remained in Longxi of [[Gansu]].


==Evolution of the Yíng clan==
== Nowadays ==
{{Ahnentafel
Nowadays, Yíng is not one of the [[List of common Chinese surnames|100 most common Chinese surnames]].
|1= [[Bo (Chinese surname)#柏 Bó|Bó clan]] (伯氏)
|2= Yíng ancestral（嬴姓）– royal house of [[Qin (state)]], imperial house of [[Qin dynasty]]
|3= The clans of [[Lian (surname)|Lian]] (廉), [[Xu (surname 徐)|Xu]] (徐), [[Jiang (江) (surname)|Jiang]] (江), [[Huang (surname)|Huang]] (黄), [[Ma (surname)|Ma]] (馬), [[Ge (surname)|Ge]] (葛), [[Gu (surname)|Gu]] (谷), [[Miào (surname)|Miào]] (繆), [[Zhong (surname)|Zhong]] (鍾), [[Fei (surname)|Fei]] (費), and [[Qu (surname 瞿)|Qu]] (瞿)
|4= [[Qin (surname)|Qin clan]] (秦氏), other Qin clans
|5= [[Zhao (surname)|Zhao clan]] (趙氏) – royal house of [[Zhao (state)]]
|8= [[Hata clan]] (秦氏) – Japan
|9= [[Liang (surname)|Liang clan]] (梁氏)
|10= Zhao clan (趙氏) - imperial house of [[Song dynasty]]
|11= Other Zhao clans
|17= 太秦公, 秦長連, 秦野, 秦人, 秦川, 秦上, 秦下, 秦內, 秦井, 秦多, 秦當, 秦佐,秦冠, 秦前, 秦黨, 秦原, 秦部, 秦許, 秦常, 秦勝, 秦人部, 秦川邊, 秦大藏, 秦小宅, 秦井手, 秦中家, 秦田村, 秦長田, 秦物集, 秦泉寺, 秦高橋, 秦達布, 秦佐此佐...


}}
==='Ying' Pronunciation in Chinese===

=='Yíng' pronunciation in Mandarin==


[[File:Zh-yíng.ogg|'Ying' Pronunciation in Chinese]]
[[File:Zh-yíng.ogg|'Ying' Pronunciation in Chinese]]


==surname, Ying==
==Surname, Yíng==
*[[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Ying (surname)]] (嬴) from [[Yi (husbandman)|Boyi]] the founder of [[Ying (state)]] (英國)
*[[Yíng (Chinese surname)|Yíng (surname)]] (嬴) from [[Yi (husbandman)|Boyi]] the founder of [[Ying (state)|Yíng (state)]] (英國)
*[[Jin (surname)]] (金) from [[Shaohao]], Original only
*[[Jin (Chinese surname)|Jin (surname)]] (金) from [[Shaohao]], Original only
*[[Qi (surname)]] (祁) from [[Shaohao]]
*[[Qi (surname)]] (祁) from [[Shaohao]]
*[[Xu (surname)]] (徐) of [[Qin (state)]]
*[[Xu (surname 徐)|Xu (surname)]] (徐) of [[Qin (state)]]
*[[Li Surname (里)]] from [[Gaoyao]]
*[[Li Surname (里)]] from [[Gaoyao]]
*[[Li Surname (理)]] from [[Gaoyao]]
*Li Surname (理) from [[Gaoyao]]
*[[Li (surname)]] (李) from [[Li Shiji]] (李世勣) the [[Xu Shiji]] (徐世勣)
*[[Li (surname)]] (李) from [[Li Shiji]] (李世勣) the [[Xu Shiji]] (徐世勣)
*[[Gao (surname)]] (高) from [[Xu (surname)]] (徐)
*[[Gao (surname)]] (高) from [[Xu (surname 徐)|Xu (surname)]] (徐)
*[[Yan (surname)]] (嚴) of [[Qin Dynasty]]
*[[Yan (surname)]] (嚴) of [[Qin dynasty]]
*[[Zhang (surname)]] (張) from [[Zhang Yi (Warring States Period)|Zhang Yi]], Original only
*[[Zhang (surname)]] (張) from [[Zhang Yi (Warring States period)|Zhang Yi]], Original only
*[[Qin (surname)]] (秦) of [[Qin Dynasty]]
*[[Qin (surname)]] (秦) of [[Qin dynasty]]
*[[Feng (surname)]] (奉)
*[[Feng (surname)]] (奉)
*[[Xiao (surname)]] (蕭)
*[[Xiao (surname)]] (蕭)
Line 73: Line 80:
*[[Dong (Chinese surname)|Dong (surname)]] (董) from [[Zhuanxu|Gaoyang]] (高揚)
*[[Dong (Chinese surname)|Dong (surname)]] (董) from [[Zhuanxu|Gaoyang]] (高揚)
*[[Liang (surname)]] (梁) the common [[Yang (surname)|Yang]]
*[[Liang (surname)]] (梁) the common [[Yang (surname)|Yang]]
*[[Huang (surname)]] (黃) from [[Yi (husbandman)|Boyi]] (伯益)
*[[Yang (surname)]] (楊)
*[[Yang (surname)]] (楊)
*[[Ma (surname)]] (马)
*[[Ma (surname)]] (马)
*[[Ge (surname)]] (葛)
*[[Ge (surname)]] (葛)
*[[Gu (surname)]] (谷)
*[[Gu (surname)]] (谷)
*[[Mou (surname)]] (缪)
*[[Miào (surname)]] (缪)
*[[Zhong (surname)]] (钟)
*[[Zhong (surname)]] (钟)
*[[Qu (surname)]] (瞿)
*[[Qu (surname 瞿)|Qu (surname)]] (瞿)
*[[Ji|Ji (surname)]] (池)
*[[Ji (surname)]] (池)


==See also==
==See also==
Line 94: Line 102:
*[[Liu (surname)]]
*[[Liu (surname)]]
*[[Li (surname)]]
*[[Li (surname)]]
*[[Jin (surname)]]
*[[Jin (Chinese surname)|Jin (surname)]]


==References==
==References==
Line 100: Line 108:


{{surname|Yíng}}
{{surname|Yíng}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ying (Chinese surname)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ying (Chinese surname)}}
[[Category:Chinese-language surnames]]
[[Category:Chinese-language surnames]]
[[Category:Individual Chinese surnames]]
[[Category:Eight Great Surnames of Chinese Antiquity]]

Latest revision as of 17:12, 22 November 2024

Not to be confused with Yīng.
Ying
Language(s)Chinese
Origin
Language(s)Old Chinese
DerivationShaohao (少昊)
Gaoyao (皋陶)
Boyi (伯益)
Gaoyang (高揚)
Feizi (非子)
Ying Zheng (嬴政)
MeaningBe Full (嬴)
Other names
Variant form(s)Young/Yong/Yang/Wang
Cognate(s)Jin (Chinese surname)
Jin (Korean surname)
Qin (surname)
Xu (surname)
Zhao (surname)
Derivative(s)Ing/In/Yin
See alsoQin (state)
Southern Qi
Northern Qi
Former Qin

Yíng (Chinese: 嬴) is an ancient Chinese surname. It was the noble house name of the Qin state during the Eastern Zhou dynasty, and the royal name of the subsequent Qin dynasty. Yíng Zheng was the first emperor of the unified Chinese empire.

Ying was one of the "Eight Great Xings of High Antiquity" (上古八大姓), along with Jī (姬), Yáo (姚), Sì (姒), Yún (妘), Gui (媯) and Rèn (妊), though some sources quote Jí (姞) as the last one instead of Rèn. Of these xings, only Jiang and Yao have survived in their original form to modern days as frequently occurring surnames, while Ji can still be seen occasionally. In the present day, the Ying surname is shared by less than 1000 people in mainland China, and is overall the 1520th-most common surname.[1] In 2019, it was found that only exactly two people in Taiwan still had this surname.[2]

There are however 14 clan names in China derived from the same ancestral name Yíng. Zhao, one of the most common Chinese surnames, is one such kind of cadet surnames that descended from the Yíng name.

The origin of Yíng family

[edit]
Main article: House of Ying

Ying is the surname of Shaohao (少皞).[3] Shaohao had a child, Gaoyao (皋陶). Gaoyao had a child, Boyi (伯益). Boyi (伯益) was in charge of flood control and got the surname Yíng (嬴), which means 'bountiful,' in the early Xia dynasty. Yu the Great granted state of Dengfeng to the son of Boyi (伯益). This became the State of Yíng (英). Other children of Boyi (伯益) became the feudal lord of Liu state (六), and Xu state (徐), by order of Yu the Great. Later, the Yíng (赢) tribe was founded in the state of Yíng (英), and the Liu (六) in, Xu (徐) in Henan.[4]

The Yíng tribe were powerful feudal lords at the end of the Shang dynasty period. Feilian (蜚廉) of the Yíng (皋) family was the General and feudal lord under King Zhou of Shang. After the fall of the Shang dynasty, the Yíng tribe moved to Shanxi and Gansu. [5]

The Yíng (皋) family's Feizi (非子, Biza) received Qin County (秦邑) in Shanxi from King Xiao of Zhou, thereby beginning the Qin dynasty lineage.

The Bai people, of the old Chinese Yíng, the Xu people, the Qiang people, and some nomad tribes were found in the area of the Qin (state). Also, in the Qin (state), at the time of Duke Mu of Qin, the Xirong people joined the Qin (state), by way of service in/with the army of Qin (state). The Yíng royal family of Qin (state) got various surnames from many surname of their Citizens.

From the time of Duke Zhuang of Qin, Longxi County in Gansu and the surrounding territory was part of the Qin (state). It merged into the territory of the Xiongnu, after the fall of the Qin dynasty; although citizens of the Yíng family remained in Longxi of Gansu.

Evolution of the Yíng clan

[edit]
Hata clan (秦氏) – Japan
太秦公, 秦長連, 秦野, 秦人, 秦川, 秦上, 秦下, 秦內, 秦井, 秦多, 秦當, 秦佐,秦冠, 秦前, 秦黨, 秦原, 秦部, 秦許, 秦常, 秦勝, 秦人部, 秦川邊, 秦大藏, 秦小宅, 秦井手, 秦中家, 秦田村, 秦長田, 秦物集, 秦泉寺, 秦高橋, 秦達布, 秦佐此佐...
Qin clan (秦氏), other Qin clans
Liang clan (梁氏)
Yíng ancestral（嬴姓）– royal house of Qin (state), imperial house of Qin dynasty
Zhao clan (趙氏) - imperial house of Song dynasty
Zhao clan (趙氏) – royal house of Zhao (state)
Other Zhao clans
Bó clan (伯氏)
The clans of Lian (廉), Xu (徐), Jiang (江), Huang (黄), Ma (馬), Ge (葛), Gu (谷), Miào (繆), Zhong (鍾), Fei (費), and Qu (瞿)

'Yíng' pronunciation in Mandarin

[edit]

Surname, Yíng

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "嬴姓的来源 嬴氏的姓氏源流-姓氏大全-百家姓周易起名".
  2. ^ 全國姓名統計分析 [Statistical analysis of national names] (PDF), Ministry of the Interior, Republic of China, 2018, archived (PDF) from the original on 17 Jan 2023, retrieved 10 Feb 2023
  3. ^ A Chinese Bestiary: Guideways Through Mountains and Seas. 2002. ISBN 978-0520298514.
  4. ^ Chinese wikipedia article 伯益
  5. ^ Sima Qian. 秦本纪 [Annals of Qin]. Records of the Grand Historian (in Chinese). guoxue.com. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Yíng&oldid=1258969861"