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{{short description|Military residential quarters, temporary or permanent}}
{{short description|Military residential quarters, temporary or permanent}}
{{About|a military term|the places named 'Cantonment'|Cantonment (disambiguation)}}
{{About|a military term|the places named 'Cantonment'|Cantonment (disambiguation)}}
[[File:USAF_380_AEW_new_facilities_060214-F-0000J-001.jpg|thumb]]
A '''cantonment''' ({{IPAc-en|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|n|m|ən|t}}, {{IPAc-en|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|oʊ|n|m|ən|t}}, or {{IPAc-en|UK|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|uː|n|m|ən|t}}) is a military quarters.<ref name=def-cantonment>{{Dictionary.com|cantonment}}</ref> In [[Bangladesh]], [[India]], [[Pakistan]] and other parts of [[South Asia]], a ''cantonment'' refers to a permanent military station (a term from the [[British India|colonial-era]]).<ref name=def-cantonment/> In [[military of the United States|United States military]] parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential section (i.e. barrack) of a fort or other military installation," such as [[Fort Hood]].
A '''cantonment''' ({{IPAc-en|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|ɒ|n|m|ən|t}}, {{IPAc-en|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|oʊ|n|m|ən|t}}, or {{IPAc-en|UK|k|æ|n|ˈ|t|uː|n|m|ən|t}}) is a military quarters.<ref name=def-cantonment>{{Dictionary.com|cantonment}}</ref> In [[India]] and other parts of [[South Asia]], a ''cantonment'' refers to a permanent military station (a term from the [[Undivided India]]).<ref name=def-cantonment/> In [[military of the United States|United States military]] parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential section (i.e. barrack) of a fort or other military installation," such as [[Fort Cavazos]].


The word ''cantonment'', derived from the [[French language|French]] word ''[[:fr:canton|canton]]'', meaning ''corner'' or ''district'',<ref>{{Dictionary.com|canton}}</ref> refers to a temporary military or winter encampment. For example, at the start of the [[Waterloo campaign]] in 1815, while the [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington]]'s headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo–allied army of 93,000 soldiers were ''cantoned'', or stationed, to the south of Brussels.<ref>[[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition]] Waterloo Campaign</ref>
The word ''cantonment'', derived from the [[French language|French]] word ''[[:fr:canton|canton]]'', meaning ''corner'' or ''district'',<ref>{{Dictionary.com|canton}}</ref> refers to a temporary military or winter encampment. For example, at the start of the [[Waterloo campaign]] in 1815, while the [[Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington|Duke of Wellington]]'s headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo–allied army of 93,000 soldiers were ''cantoned'', or stationed, to the south of Brussels.<ref>[[Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition]] Waterloo Campaign</ref>
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===Bangladesh===
===Bangladesh===
In Bangladesh, cantonments are residential quarters for many military personnel aside from soldiers. These individuals include officers, teachers, military doctors, military nurses, junior commanding officers, and non–commissioned Officers. A wide variety of military training is provided in Bangladesh cantonments:
In Bangladesh, cantonments are residential quarters for many military personnel as well as headquarters for different army units. A wide variety of military training is provided in Bangladesh cantonments:
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[Alikadam Cantonment]], [[Bandarban]]
*[[Alikadam Cantonment]], [[Bandarban]]
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*[[Dhaka Cantonment]], [[Dhaka]]
*[[Dhaka Cantonment]], [[Dhaka]]
*[[Dighinala Cantonment]], [[Khagrachari]]
*[[Dighinala Cantonment]], [[Khagrachari]]
*[[Freedom Fighter Abdul Hamid Cantonment]], [[Kishoreganj]]
*[[Halishahar Cantonment]], Chittagong
*[[Halishahar Cantonment]], Chittagong
*[[Jahanabad Cantonment]], [[Khulna]]
*[[Jahanabad Cantonment]], [[Khulna]]
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*[[Khagrachari Cantonment]], [[Khagrachari]]
*[[Khagrachari Cantonment]], [[Khagrachari]]
*[[Kholahati Cantonment]], [[Dinajpur District, Bangladesh|Dinajpur]]
*[[Kholahati Cantonment]], [[Dinajpur District, Bangladesh|Dinajpur]]
*[[Lalmonirhat Cantonment]], [[Lalmonirhat]]
*[[Majhira Cantonment]], Bogra
*[[Majhira Cantonment]], Bogra
*[[Mawa Cantonment]], [[Louhajong]], [[Munshigonj]]
*[[Mawa Cantonment]], [[Louhajong]], [[Munshigonj]]
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*[[Savar Cantonment]], Dhaka
*[[Savar Cantonment]], Dhaka
*[[Shahid Salahuddin Cantonment]], [[Ghatail]]
*[[Shahid Salahuddin Cantonment]], [[Ghatail]]
⚫
*[[Sylhet Cantonment]], Sylhet
*[[Sheikh Hasina Cantonment]], Lebukhali, [[Barisal]]-[[Patuakhali]]
*[[Sheikh Hasina Cantonment]], Lebukhali, [[Barisal]]-[[Patuakhali]]
{{Div col end}}
{{Div col end}}

===Bhutan===
The Indian Army maintains a training mission in Bhutan, known as the [[Indian Military Training Team]] (IMTRAT) which is responsible for the military training of the [[Royal Bhutan Army]] (RBA) and [[Royal Bodyguard of Bhutan|Royal Bodyguard]] (RBG) personnel. All RBA and RBG officers are sent for training at the [[National Defence Academy (India)|National Defence Academy]] and the [[Indian Military Academy]]. Moreover, Project Dantak, a division of the [[Border Roads Organisation|Indian Border Roads Organisation]] and subdivision of the [[Indian Army Corps of Engineers]], was established in Bhutan on 24 April 1961, with its first commanding officer, Colonel TV Jaganathan.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.aviation-defence-universe.com/project-dantak-builds-friendship-goodwill-between-india-bhutan/|title=Project Dantak: Builds friendship & goodwill between India & Bhutan|website=www.aviation-defence-universe.com|date=25 October 2018 |access-date=2020-04-10}}</ref> Project Dantak has since been responsible for the construction and maintenance of more than {{Convert|1,500|km|mi|abbr=}} of roads and bridges, [[Paro Airport]], a disused airfield at [[Yongphulla Airport]], heliports, and other infrastructure. These serve India's strategic defence needs, but also provide economic benefits for the Bhutani citizens.


===India===
===India===
Several cities among the Indian subcontinent, such as [[Ahmedabad]], [[Ambala]], [[Bellary]], [[Belgaum]], [[Bangalore]], [[Danapur]], [[Jabalpur]], [[Kanpur]], [[Bathinda]], [[Delhi]], [[Meerut]], [[Pune]], [[Ramgarh Cantonment|Ramgarh]], [[Secunderabad]], and [[Trichy]], contained large cantonments of the former [[British Indian Army]], with Meerut and Ramgarh being two of the most important cantonments in northern India, second only to the headquarters at Rawalpindi (now in Pakistan). Meerut was established in 1803 and for 150 years was the largest cantonment in the region. Although cantonments in India were considered to be semi-permanent in the 18th and 19th centuries, by the turn of the 20th century they had transitioned to being permanent garrisons. They were further entrenched as such, via the military reforms of
Several cities in the [[Indian subcontinent]], including [[Ahmedabad]], [[Ambala]], [[Bellary]], [[Belgaum]], [[Bangalore]], [[Danapur]], [[Jabalpur]], [[Kanpur]], [[Bathinda]], [[Delhi]], [[Nilgiris district|Nilgiris]], [[Chennai]], [[Mumbai]], [[Pune]], [[Meerut]], [[Ramgarh Cantonment|Ramgarh]], [[Secunderabad]], and [[Trichy]], contained large cantonments of the former [[British Indian Army]], with Meerut and Ramgarh being two of the most important cantonments in [[North India|Northern India]], second only to the headquarters at Rawalpindi (now in Pakistan). Meerut was established in 1803, and for 150 years was the largest cantonment in the region. Although cantonments in India were considered to be semi-permanent in the 18th and 19th centuries, by the turn of the 20th century, they had transitioned to being permanent garrisons. They were further entrenched as such, via the military reforms of
[[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] in 1903, and the [[Cantonments Act of 1924]].<ref name=Sheikh>Sheikh, M. O. <u>Lahore Cantonment</u> https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/momers_termpapers/ss153LahoreCantonment.htm&date=2009-10-26+02:56:58</ref>
[[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] in 1903, and the Cantonments Act of 1924.<ref name= "Sheikh">{{cite web |url=https://webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/momers_termpapers/ss153LahoreCantonment.htm&date=2009-10-26+02:56:58 |title=Lahore Cantonment |last1= Sheikh |first1=Omer |last2=Ali |first2=Amna |date=26 October 2009 |website=geocities.com |access-date=29 November 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiacode.nic.in/repealed-act/repealed_act_documents/A1924-2.pdf |title=THE CANTONMENTS ACT, 1924 |website=indiacode.nic.in |publisher=India Code |access-date=29 November 2023}}</ref>


At India's Independence in 1947, India had 56 cantonments. After this India added 6 cantonments the last being Ajmer Cantonment in 1962, taking the total number to 62. They covered an area of {{Convert|161000|acre|km2}}.<ref name="ten-cantonments">{{Cite web |last=Ray |first=Kalyan |title=Ten army cantonments to be handed over to civil authorities |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/india/ten-army-cantonments-to-be-handed-over-to-civil-authorities-3172901 |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref>
⚫
There are sixty-two "notified cantonments" in India, occupying an area of 157,000 acres:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mod.gov.in/sites/default/files/MoDAR2018.pdf |title= Annual Report 2018-19: Ministry of Defence |website=mod.gov.in |publisher=Ministry of Defence |access-date= 4 May 2022 |quote= The Ministry of Defence owns approximately 17.57 lakh acres of land throughout the country managed by the three Services and other Organizations like DGDE, Ordnance Factory Board, DRDO, DGQA, CGDA etc. The Army has the maximum of the land i.e. 14.147 lakh acres followed by Air Force 1.40 lakh acres and Navy 0.44 lakh acres. The defence land inside the notified Cantonments is approximately 1.57 lakh acres and the remaining around 16.00 lakh lies outside the Cantonments |page= 131 }}</ref> twenty-five in [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]], nineteen in Southern Command, thirteen in Western Command, four in Eastern Command, and one in Northern Command.<ref name="Directorate General Defence Estates, cantonments">{{cite web|title=Directorate General Defence Estates Main menu|url=http://www.dgde.gov.in/?q=cantonments|publisher=Directorate General Defence Estates|access-date=30 December 2013}}</ref> Major cantonments and garrisons include the following:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=90277 |title= Cantonment Boards |website=pib.gov.in |publisher=Press Information Bureau |access-date= 4 May 2022}}</ref>

⚫
As of 2019, there were sixty-one "notified cantonments" in India, occupying an area of {{Convert|157000|acre|km2}}:<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.mod.gov.in/sites/default/files/MoDAR2018.pdf |title= Annual Report 2018-19: Ministry of Defence |website=mod.gov.in |publisher=Ministry of Defence |access-date= 4 May 2022 |quote= The Ministry of Defence owns approximately 17.57 lakh acres of land throughout the country managed by the three Services and other Organizations like DGDE, Ordnance Factory Board, DRDO, DGQA, CGDA etc. The Army has the maximum of the land i.e. 14.147 lakh acres followed by Air Force 1.40 lakh acres and Navy 0.44 lakh acres. The defence land inside the notified Cantonments is approximately 1.57 lakh acres and the remaining around 16.00 lakh lies outside the Cantonments |page= 131 }}</ref> twenty-five in [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]], nineteen in [[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]], thirteen in [[Western Command (India)|Western Command]], four in [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]], and one in [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command]].<ref name="Directorate General Defence Estates, cantonments">{{cite web|title=Directorate General Defence Estates Main menu|url=http://www.dgde.gov.in/?q=cantonments|publisher=Directorate General Defence Estates|access-date=30 December 2013}}</ref>

On 24 July 2024, a press release notified that, in order to move on from older Colonial-era concepts, Ministry of Defence has decided to give up responsibility to consider to excise civil areas of certain Cantonments and merge them with neighbouring State municipalities. As of then, there were 58 Cantonments of which 10 were to be handed over in the first phase. The administration of civil areas was to be handed over from [[Directorate General Defence Estates|Cantonment Boards]] to the neighbouring [[Municipality|Municipalities]] while the military region was to remain with the Armed Forces.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-24 |title=MOVING AWAY FROM THE BRITISH-ERA CONCEPT OF CANTONMENT TOWNS |url=https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1942023 |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=Press Information Bureau}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-03-07 |title=Defence Ministry denotifies civil areas of 10 cantonments |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/defence-ministry-denotifies-civil-areas-of-10-cantonments-9199995/ |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Military Cantonments To Lose Control On Civil Areas. What This Means |url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/military-cantonments-to-lose-control-on-civil-areas-what-this-means-6002301 |access-date=2024-09-02 |website=NDTV.com}}</ref> However, on 27 April 2024, KhasYol had become the first cantonment board to be "de-notified".<ref name="KhasYol">{{Cite news |date=2023-04-29 |title=Khasyol in Dharamshala 1st Cantonment in country to lose civilian area control |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/shimla/khasyol-1st-cantonment-in-country-to-lose-civilian-area-control/articleshow/99859284.cms |access-date=2024-09-02 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

On 2 September 2024, it was reported that paperwork are being completed to handover civilian areas of Cantonments from the Indian Army. The Cantonments include Dehradun, Deolali, Nasirabad, Babina, Ajmer, Ramgarh, Mathura, Shahjahanpur, Clement Town and Fatehgarh. The report sain, "Indian Army’s [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]], [[South Western Command (India)|South Western Command]] and [[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]] are in the process of completing the hand over exercise in coordination with [[Government of Uttarakhand|Uttarakhand]], [[Government of Maharashtra|Maharashtra]], [[Government of Rajasthan|Rajasthan]], [[Government of Jharkhand|Jharkhand]] and [[Government of Uttar Pradesh|Uttar Pradesh]] governments."<ref name="ten-cantonments" />

Major cantonments and garrisons include the following:<ref>{{cite web |title=Cantonment Boards |url=https://pib.gov.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=90277 |access-date=4 May 2022 |website=pib.gov.in |publisher=Press Information Bureau}}</ref>


====Notified Cantonments====
====Notified Cantonments====
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
⚫
# [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]]
⚫
# [[Agra Cantonment]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], Central Command
# [[Ahmedabad Cantonment]], [[Gujarat]], Southern Command
## [[Agra Cantonment]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]
# Ahmednagar Cantonment, [[Maharashtra]], Southern Command
## [[Almora| Almora Cantonment]], [[Uttarakhand]]
#[[Varanasi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
## [[Ayodhya Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh
# Ajmer Cantonment, [[Rajasthan]], Southern Command
## [[Bareilly Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh
⚫
## [[Chakrata|Chakrata Cantonment]], Uttarakhand
⚫
# [[Allahabad]] Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Almora| Almora Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
## [[Clement Town|Clement Town Cantonment]], Uttarakhand (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments" />
# [[Ambala Cantonment]], [[Haryana]], Western Command
## [[Danapur Cantonment]], [[Bihar]]
# [[Amritsar Cantonment]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]], Western Command
## [[Dehradun Cantonment]], Uttarakhand (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments" />
## Fatehgarh Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments" />
⚫
# [[Aurangabad Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
⚫
##[[Gopalpur (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Gopalpur Cantonment]], [[Odisha]]
⚫
# [[Ayodhya|Ayodhya Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# Babina Cantonment, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, Southern Command
## [[Jabalpur Cantonment]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
⚫
## [[Kanpur Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh
⚫
# [[Badami Bagh|Badamibagh Cantonment]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], Northern Command
# [[Bakloh|Bakloh Cantonment]], [[Chamba District]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], Western Command
## [[Landour|Landour Cantonment]], Uttarakhand
# [[Bareilly Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
## [[Lansdowne, India|Lansdowne Cantonment]], Uttarakhand
⚫
## [[Lucknow]] Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
⚫
# [[Barrackpore]], West Bengal, Eastern Command
# [[Belgaum Cantonment]], [[Karnataka]], Southern Command
## [[Mathura|Mathura Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments" />
# [[Bellary Cantonment]], [[Karnataka]], Southern Command
## [[Meerut Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh
# [[Cannanore Cantonment]], [[Kerala]], Southern Command
## [[Mhow Cantonment]], Madhya Pradesh
# [[Chakrata|Chakrata Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
## [[Nainital Cantonment]], Uttarakhand
# [[Clement Town|Clement Town Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
## [[Pachmarhi Cantonment]], Madhya Pradesh
# [[Dagshai|Dagshai Cantonment]], Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
## [[Prayagraj|Prayagraj Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh
# [[Dalhousie Cantonment]], Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
## [[Ramgarh Cantonment]], [[Jharkhand]] (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments"/>
# [[Danapur Cantonment]], Bihar, Central Command
## [[Ranikhet|Ranikhet Cantonment]], Uttarakhand
# [[Dehradun Cantonment]], [[Uttarakhand]], Central Command
## [[Roorkee Cantonment]], Uttarakhand
⚫
## Shahajahanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments"/>
⚫
# [[Yol, Himachal Pradesh|Yol Cantonment]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], Western Command
# [[Dehu Road|Dehu Road Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
##[[Varanasi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh
# [[Delhi Cantonment]], Delhi, Western Command
# [[Southern Command (India)|Southern Command]]
# [[Deolali|Deolali Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
## [[Ahmedabad Cantonment]], [[Gujarat]]
## Ahmednagar Cantonment, [[Maharashtra]]
# [[Dum Dum Cantonment]], West Bengal, Eastern Command
## Ajmer Cantonment, [[Rajasthan]] (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments"/>
# [[Faizabad Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Faizabad|Faizabad New Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
## [[Aurangabad Cantonment]], Maharashtra
# Fatehgarh Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
## Babina Cantonment, Jhansi, [[Uttar Pradesh]] (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments"/>
# [[Ferozepur Cantonment]], Punjab, Western Command
## [[Belgaum Cantonment]], [[Karnataka]]
## [[Bellary Cantonment]], Karnataka (Inactive, De-notified)<ref>{{Cite web|last=Malagi|first=Shivakumar G.|date=2017-08-16|title=Ballari's jail walls have many a story to tell|url=https://www.deccanchronicle.com/nation/current-affairs/160817/ballaris-jail-walls-have-many-a-story-to-tell.html|access-date=2020-08-15|website=Deccan Chronicle|language=en}}</ref>
⚫
#[[Gopalpur (Odisha Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Gopalpur Cantonment]], [[Odisha]], [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]]
⚫
## [[Dehu Road|Dehu Road Cantonment]], Maharashtra
⚫
# [[Jabalpur Cantonment]], Madhya Pradesh, [[Central Command (India)|Central Command]]
# [[Jalandhar Cantonment]], Punjab, Western Command
## [[Deolali|Deolali Cantonment]], Maharashtra (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments"/>
⚫
## [[Jhansi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh
⚫
# [[Jalapahar]], [[Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]], [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]]
## Kamptee Cantonment, Maharashtra
# [[Jammu Cantonment]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[Western Command (India)|Western Command]]
# [[Jhansi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Southern Command
## [[Kannur Cantonment]], [[Kerala]]
# [[Jutogh|Jutogh Cantonment]], Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
## [[Kirkee|Kirkee Cantonment]], Maharashtra
# Kamptee Cantonment, Maharashtra, Southern Command
## [[Morar Cantonment]], [[Gwalior]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
# [[Kanpur Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
## Nasirabad Cantonment, Rajasthan (To be denotified)<ref name="ten-cantonments"/>
⚫
## [[Pune Cantonment]], Maharashtra
# [[Kasauli]] Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
# Khas Yol Cantonment, Kangara, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
## Sagar Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh
⚫
## [[Secunderabad]] Cantonment, [[Telangana]]
⚫
# [[Kirkee|Kirkee Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
# [[Landour|Landour Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
## St. Thomas Mount Cantonment, Chennai, [[Tamil Nadu]]
# [[Lansdowne, India|Lansdowne Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
## [[Wellington Cantonment]], Tamil Nadu
# [[Lebong]], Darjeeling, West Bengal, Eastern Command
# [[Western Command (India)|Western Command]]
# [[Lucknow]] Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
## [[Ambala Cantonment]], [[Haryana]]
# [[Mathura]] Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
## [[Amritsar Cantonment]], [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
# [[Meerut Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
## [[Bakloh|Bakloh Cantonment]], [[Chamba District]], [[Himachal Pradesh]]
# [[Mhow Cantonment]], Madhya Pradesh, Central Command
## [[Dagshai|Dagshai Cantonment]], Himachal Pradesh
# [[Morar Cantonment]], [[Gwalior]], Madhya Pradesh, Southern Command
## [[Dalhousie Cantonment]], Himachal Pradesh
# [[Nainital Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
## [[Delhi Cantonment]], Delhi
# Nasirabad Cantonment, Rajasthan, Southern Command
## [[Ferozepur Cantonment]], Punjab
# [[Pachmarhi Cantonment]], Madhya Pradesh, Central Command
## [[Jalandhar Cantonment]], Punjab
# [[Pune Cantonment]], Maharashtra, Southern Command
## [[Jammu Cantonment]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]
# [[Ramgarh Cantonment]], [[Jharkhand]], Central Command
## [[Jutogh|Jutogh Cantonment]], Shimla, Himachal Pradesh
⚫
## [[Kasauli]] Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh
⚫
# [[Ranikhet|Ranikhet Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
# [[Roorkee Cantonment]], Uttarakhand, Central Command
## Subathu Cantonment, Shimla Hills, Himachal Pradesh
# Saugor Cantonment, [[Madhya Pradesh]], Southern Command
## KhasYol Cantonment, [[Dharamshala]], Himachal Pradesh (de-notified on 2023)<ref name="KhasYol"/>
⚫
# [[Eastern Command (India)|Eastern Command]]
⚫
# [[Secunderabad]] Cantonment, [[Telangana]], Southern Command
⚫
## [[Barrackpore]], [[West Bengal]]
⚫
# Shahajahanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# [[Shillong]] Cantonment, [[Meghalaya]], Eastern Command
## [[Dum Dum Cantonment]], West Bengal (Inactive, De-notified)
## [[Jalapahar]], [[Darjeeling]], West Bengal
# St. Thomas Mount Cantonment, Chennai, [[Tamil Nadu]], Southern Command
## [[Lebong]], Darjeeling, West Bengal
# Subathu Cantonment, Shimla Hills, Himachal Pradesh, Western Command
## [[Shillong]] Cantonment, [[Meghalaya]]
# [[Wellington Cantonment]], Tamil Nadu, Southern Command
# [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command]]
{{Div col end}}
⚫
## [[Badami Bagh|Badamibagh Cantonment]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)|Jammu and Kashmir]]{{Div col end}}


====Unlisted Military Cantonments====
====Unlisted Military Cantonments====
Line 132: Line 142:


{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
#[[Abohar Cantonment]] (Abohar, Punjab)
# Abohar Cantonment (Abohar, Punjab)
#[[Varanasi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
# Akhnoor Cantonment (Akhnoor, Jammu and Kashmir)
#[[Akhnoor Cantonment]] (Akhnoor, Jammu and Kashmir)
# Baddowal Cantonment (Ludhiana, Punjab)
⚫
#[[Baddowal Cantonment]] (Ludhiana, Punjab)
#[[Bangalore Cantonment]] (Bangalore, Karnataka)
#[[Bangalore Cantonment]] (Bangalore, Karnataka)
#[[Bikaner Cantonment]] (Bikaner, Rajasthan)
# Bikaner Cantonment (Bikaner, Rajasthan)
#[[Bhatinda Cantonment]] (Bhatinda, Punjab)
# Bharatpur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
#[[Bhuj Cantonment]] (Bhuj, Gujarat)
# Bhatinda Cantonment (Bhatinda, Punjab)
#[[Bhopal Cantonment]] (Madhya Pradesh)
# Binnaguri Cantonment (West Bengal)
# Bhuj Cantonment (Bhuj, Gujarat)
# Bhopal Cantonment (Madhya Pradesh)
⚫
# Beas Military Station (Punjab)
#[[Chandimandir Cantonment]] (Chandigarh)
#[[Chandimandir Cantonment]] (Chandigarh)
#[[Faridkot Cantonment]] (Faridkot, Punjab)
# Dipatoli Cantonment (Ranchi, Jharkhand)
#[[Fazilka Cantonment]] (Fazilka, Punjab)
# Faridkot Cantonment (Faridkot, Punjab)
#[[Gandhinagar Cantonment]] (Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
# Fazilka Cantonment (Fazilka, Punjab)
#[[Gopalpur Cantonment]] (Brahmapur, Orissa)
# Gandhinagar Cantonment (Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
#[[Narengi Cantonment]] (Guwahati, Assam)
# Gopalpur Cantonment (Brahmapur, Orissa)
#[[Hisar Cantt]] (Hisar, Haryana)
# Hisar Cantonment (Hisar, Haryana)
#[[Itarana Cantonment]] (Alwar, Rajasthan)
# Itarana Cantonment (Alwar, Rajasthan)
#[[Jaipur Cantonment]] (Jaipur, Rajasthan)
# Jaipur Cantonment (Jaipur, Rajasthan)
#[[Jaisalmer Cantonment]] (Jaisalmer, Rajasthan)
# Jaisalmer Cantonment (Jaisalmer, Rajasthan)
#[[Jodhpur Cantonment]] (Rajasthan)
# Jodhpur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
⚫
#[[Bharatpur Cantonment]] (Rajasthan)
#[[Joshimath|Joshimath Cantonment]] (Joshimath, Uttarakhand)
#[[Joshimath|Joshimath Cantonment]] (Joshimath, Uttarakhand)
#[[Kapurthala Cantonment]] (Kapurthala, Punjab)
#[[Kapurthala Cantonment]] (Kapurthala, Punjab)
#[[Khasa Cantonment]] (Amritsar, Punjab)
# Khasa Cantonment (Amritsar, Punjab)
#[[Kollam Cantonment]] (Kollam, India)
#[[Kollam Cantonment]] (Kollam, India)
#[[Ludhiana Cantonment]] (Punjab)
# Ludhiana Cantonment (Punjab)
#[[Mamun Cantonment]] (Pathankot, Punjab)
# Mamun Cantonment (Pathankot, Punjab)
#[[Missamari Cantonment]] (Missamari, Assam)
# Missamari Cantonment (Missamari, Assam)
#[[Nagrota Cantonment]] (Nagrota, Jammu & Kashmir)
# Nagrota Cantonment (Nagrota, Jammu & Kashmir)
#[[Pathankot Cantonment]] (Pathankot, Punjab)
# Narengi Cantonment (Guwahati, Assam)
#[[Patiala Cantonment]] (Punjab)
# Pathankot Cantonment (Pathankot, Punjab)
⚫
# Patiala Cantonment (Punjab)
#[[Pithoragarh|Pithoragarh Cantonment]] (Pithoragarh , Uttarakhand)
#[[Pithoragarh|Pithoragarh Cantonment]] (Pithoragarh , Uttarakhand)
#[[Dipatoli Cantonment]] (Ranchi, Jharkhand)
# Shahjahanpur Cantonment (Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh)
#[[Shahjahanpur Cantonment]] (Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh)
# Solmara Cantonment (Tezpur, Assam)
#[[Solmara Cantonment]] (Tezpur, Assam)
# Sri Ganganagar Cantonment (Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan)
#[[Sri Ganganagar Cantonment]] (Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan)
# Suratgarh Cantonment (Suratgarh, Rajasthan)
#[[Suratgarh Cantonment]] (Suratgarh, Rajasthan)
# Thiruvananthapuram Cantonment (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)
#[[Thiruvananthapuram Cantonment]] (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)
# Tibri Cantonment (Gurdaspur, Punjab)
#[[Tibri Cantonment]] (Hoshiarpur, Punjab)
# Udhampur Cantonment (Udhampur, Jammu & Kashmir)
#[[Udhampur Cantonment]] (Udhampur, Jammu & Kashmir)
# Udaipur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
#[[Vadodra Cantonment]] (Vadodra, Gujarat)
# Vadodra Cantonment (Vadodra, Gujarat)
#[[Binnaguri Cantonment]](West Bengal)
#[[Varanasi Cantonment]], Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
#[[Siliguri Cantonment]](West Bengal)
# Siliguri Cantonment(West Bengal)
#[[Shillong Cantonment]](Meghalaya)
#[[Shillong Cantonment]](Meghalaya)
⚫
#[[Beas Military Station]](Punjab)
{{Div col end}}
{{Div col end}}


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[[Category:Military installations of India]]
[[Category:Military installations of India]]
[[Category:Barracks]]
[[Category:Barracks]]
[[Category:Military installations of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Military installations of Bangladesh]]

Latest revision as of 15:24, 23 November 2024

This article is about a military term. For the places named 'Cantonment', see Cantonment (disambiguation).

A cantonment (/kænˈtɒnmənt/, /kænˈtoʊnmənt/, or UK: /kænˈtuːnmənt/) is a military quarters.[1] In India and other parts of South Asia, a cantonment refers to a permanent military station (a term from the Undivided India).[1] In United States military parlance, a cantonment is, essentially, "a permanent residential section (i.e. barrack) of a fort or other military installation," such as Fort Cavazos.

The word cantonment, derived from the French word canton, meaning corner or district,[2] refers to a temporary military or winter encampment. For example, at the start of the Waterloo campaign in 1815, while the Duke of Wellington's headquarters were in Brussels, most of his Anglo–allied army of 93,000 soldiers were cantoned, or stationed, to the south of Brussels.[3]

List of permanent cantonments

[edit]

Afghanistan

[edit]

The former Sherpur Cantonment in Kabul, Afghanistan, which was the site of the Siege of the Sherpur Cantonment (1879) in the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878–1880), is now maintained as a British Army cemetery.

Bangladesh

[edit]

In Bangladesh, cantonments are residential quarters for many military personnel as well as headquarters for different army units. A wide variety of military training is provided in Bangladesh cantonments:

India

[edit]

Several cities in the Indian subcontinent, including Ahmedabad, Ambala, Bellary, Belgaum, Bangalore, Danapur, Jabalpur, Kanpur, Bathinda, Delhi, Nilgiris, Chennai, Mumbai, Pune, Meerut, Ramgarh, Secunderabad, and Trichy, contained large cantonments of the former British Indian Army, with Meerut and Ramgarh being two of the most important cantonments in Northern India, second only to the headquarters at Rawalpindi (now in Pakistan). Meerut was established in 1803, and for 150 years was the largest cantonment in the region. Although cantonments in India were considered to be semi-permanent in the 18th and 19th centuries, by the turn of the 20th century, they had transitioned to being permanent garrisons. They were further entrenched as such, via the military reforms of Lord Kitchener in 1903, and the Cantonments Act of 1924.[4][5]

At India's Independence in 1947, India had 56 cantonments. After this India added 6 cantonments the last being Ajmer Cantonment in 1962, taking the total number to 62. They covered an area of 161,000 acres (650 km2).[6]

As of 2019, there were sixty-one "notified cantonments" in India, occupying an area of 157,000 acres (640 km2):[7] twenty-five in Central Command, nineteen in Southern Command, thirteen in Western Command, four in Eastern Command, and one in Northern Command.[8]

On 24 July 2024, a press release notified that, in order to move on from older Colonial-era concepts, Ministry of Defence has decided to give up responsibility to consider to excise civil areas of certain Cantonments and merge them with neighbouring State municipalities. As of then, there were 58 Cantonments of which 10 were to be handed over in the first phase. The administration of civil areas was to be handed over from Cantonment Boards to the neighbouring Municipalities while the military region was to remain with the Armed Forces.[9][10][11] However, on 27 April 2024, KhasYol had become the first cantonment board to be "de-notified".[12]

On 2 September 2024, it was reported that paperwork are being completed to handover civilian areas of Cantonments from the Indian Army. The Cantonments include Dehradun, Deolali, Nasirabad, Babina, Ajmer, Ramgarh, Mathura, Shahjahanpur, Clement Town and Fatehgarh. The report sain, "Indian Army’s Central Command, South Western Command and Southern Command are in the process of completing the hand over exercise in coordination with Uttarakhand, Maharashtra, Rajasthan, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh governments."[6]

Major cantonments and garrisons include the following:[13]

Notified Cantonments

[edit]
  1. Central Command
    1. Agra Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    2. Almora Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    3. Ayodhya Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    4. Bareilly Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    5. Chakrata Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    6. Clement Town Cantonment, Uttarakhand (To be denotified)[6]
    7. Danapur Cantonment, Bihar
    8. Dehradun Cantonment, Uttarakhand (To be denotified)[6]
    9. Fatehgarh Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)[6]
    10. Gopalpur Cantonment, Odisha
    11. Jabalpur Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh
    12. Kanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    13. Landour Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    14. Lansdowne Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    15. Lucknow Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    16. Mathura Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)[6]
    17. Meerut Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    18. Mhow Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh
    19. Nainital Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    20. Pachmarhi Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh
    21. Prayagraj Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    22. Ramgarh Cantonment, Jharkhand (To be denotified)[6]
    23. Ranikhet Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    24. Roorkee Cantonment, Uttarakhand
    25. Shahajahanpur Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)[6]
    26. Varanasi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
  2. Southern Command
    1. Ahmedabad Cantonment, Gujarat
    2. Ahmednagar Cantonment, Maharashtra
    3. Ajmer Cantonment, Rajasthan (To be denotified)[6]
    4. Aurangabad Cantonment, Maharashtra
    5. Babina Cantonment, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh (To be denotified)[6]
    6. Belgaum Cantonment, Karnataka
    7. Bellary Cantonment, Karnataka (Inactive, De-notified)[14]
    8. Dehu Road Cantonment, Maharashtra
    9. Deolali Cantonment, Maharashtra (To be denotified)[6]
    10. Jhansi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh
    11. Kamptee Cantonment, Maharashtra
    12. Kannur Cantonment, Kerala
    13. Kirkee Cantonment, Maharashtra
    14. Morar Cantonment, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh
    15. Nasirabad Cantonment, Rajasthan (To be denotified)[6]
    16. Pune Cantonment, Maharashtra
    17. Sagar Cantonment, Madhya Pradesh
    18. Secunderabad Cantonment, Telangana
    19. St. Thomas Mount Cantonment, Chennai, Tamil Nadu
    20. Wellington Cantonment, Tamil Nadu
  3. Western Command
    1. Ambala Cantonment, Haryana
    2. Amritsar Cantonment, Punjab
    3. Bakloh Cantonment, Chamba District, Himachal Pradesh
    4. Dagshai Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh
    5. Dalhousie Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh
    6. Delhi Cantonment, Delhi
    7. Ferozepur Cantonment, Punjab
    8. Jalandhar Cantonment, Punjab
    9. Jammu Cantonment, Jammu and Kashmir
    10. Jutogh Cantonment, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh
    11. Kasauli Cantonment, Himachal Pradesh
    12. Subathu Cantonment, Shimla Hills, Himachal Pradesh
    13. KhasYol Cantonment, Dharamshala, Himachal Pradesh (de-notified on 2023)[12]
  4. Eastern Command
    1. Barrackpore, West Bengal
    2. Dum Dum Cantonment, West Bengal (Inactive, De-notified)
    3. Jalapahar, Darjeeling, West Bengal
    4. Lebong, Darjeeling, West Bengal
    5. Shillong Cantonment, Meghalaya
  5. Northern Command
    1. Badamibagh Cantonment, Jammu and Kashmir

Unlisted Military Cantonments

[edit]

[citation needed]

  1. Abohar Cantonment (Abohar, Punjab)
  2. Akhnoor Cantonment (Akhnoor, Jammu and Kashmir)
  3. Baddowal Cantonment (Ludhiana, Punjab)
  4. Bangalore Cantonment (Bangalore, Karnataka)
  5. Bikaner Cantonment (Bikaner, Rajasthan)
  6. Bharatpur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  7. Bhatinda Cantonment (Bhatinda, Punjab)
  8. Binnaguri Cantonment (West Bengal)
  9. Bhuj Cantonment (Bhuj, Gujarat)
  10. Bhopal Cantonment (Madhya Pradesh)
  11. Beas Military Station (Punjab)
  12. Chandimandir Cantonment (Chandigarh)
  13. Dipatoli Cantonment (Ranchi, Jharkhand)
  14. Faridkot Cantonment (Faridkot, Punjab)
  15. Fazilka Cantonment (Fazilka, Punjab)
  16. Gandhinagar Cantonment (Gandhinagar, Gujarat)
  17. Gopalpur Cantonment (Brahmapur, Orissa)
  18. Hisar Cantonment (Hisar, Haryana)
  19. Itarana Cantonment (Alwar, Rajasthan)
  20. Jaipur Cantonment (Jaipur, Rajasthan)
  21. Jaisalmer Cantonment (Jaisalmer, Rajasthan)
  22. Jodhpur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  23. Joshimath Cantonment (Joshimath, Uttarakhand)
  24. Kapurthala Cantonment (Kapurthala, Punjab)
  25. Khasa Cantonment (Amritsar, Punjab)
  26. Kollam Cantonment (Kollam, India)
  27. Ludhiana Cantonment (Punjab)
  28. Mamun Cantonment (Pathankot, Punjab)
  29. Missamari Cantonment (Missamari, Assam)
  30. Nagrota Cantonment (Nagrota, Jammu & Kashmir)
  31. Narengi Cantonment (Guwahati, Assam)
  32. Pathankot Cantonment (Pathankot, Punjab)
  33. Patiala Cantonment (Punjab)
  34. Pithoragarh Cantonment (Pithoragarh , Uttarakhand)
  35. Shahjahanpur Cantonment (Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh)
  36. Solmara Cantonment (Tezpur, Assam)
  37. Sri Ganganagar Cantonment (Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan)
  38. Suratgarh Cantonment (Suratgarh, Rajasthan)
  39. Thiruvananthapuram Cantonment (Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala)
  40. Tibri Cantonment (Gurdaspur, Punjab)
  41. Udhampur Cantonment (Udhampur, Jammu & Kashmir)
  42. Udaipur Cantonment (Rajasthan)
  43. Vadodra Cantonment (Vadodra, Gujarat)
  44. Varanasi Cantonment, Uttar Pradesh, Central Command
  45. Siliguri Cantonment(West Bengal)
  46. Shillong Cantonment(Meghalaya)

Ghana

[edit]

Babina cantonments*Cantonments, Accra

Nigeria

[edit]

Cantonments in Nigeria refer to permanent military installations which house active personnel and their families. Cantonments in Nigeria include:

  • Airforce Cantonment, Ikeja, Lagos
  • Armed forces resettlement centre, Oshodi, Lagos
  • Army Ordnance Cantonment, (also known as Abalti Barracks), Yaba, Lagos
  • Arn Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
  • Badagry Cantonment, Badagry, Lagos
  • Dodan Cantonment, Ikoyi, Lagos
  • Ikeja Cantonment, Ikeja, Lagos
  • Marda Cantonment, Yaba, Lagos
  • Navy Town, Ojo, Lagos
  • Ojo Cantonment (also known as Palm Barracks), Ojo, Lagos,
  • Bonny Camp, Victoria Island
  • Jaji military cantonment, kaduna,
  • Dalet cantonment, kaduna,
  • Mogadishu cantonment,
  • Abiyssinia cantonment,
  • .Burma cantonment,
  • Adshanti cantonment,
  • Nigerian Defence Academy, Afaka, Kaduna

Pakistan

[edit]
Main article: Cantonment (Pakistan)

Singapore

[edit]

In Singapore, the term is used to denote a police cantonment.[17]

South Africa

[edit]

Sri Lanka

[edit]

United States

[edit]

The United States military commonly uses the term "cantonment" to describe the permanent facilities at U.S. Army training bases as opposed to the field training areas. Cantonment areas often include housing (such as barracks and maid-service quarters), dining facilities, training classrooms, exchanges, and paved air fields.[18]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "cantonment". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
  2. ^ "canton". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d.
  3. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition Waterloo Campaign
  4. ^ a b c Sheikh, Omer; Ali, Amna (26 October 2009). "Lahore Cantonment". geocities.com. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  5. ^ "THE CANTONMENTS ACT, 1924" (PDF). indiacode.nic.in. India Code. Retrieved 29 November 2023.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Ray, Kalyan. "Ten army cantonments to be handed over to civil authorities". Deccan Herald. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
  7. ^ "Annual Report 2018-19: Ministry of Defence" (PDF). mod.gov.in. Ministry of Defence. p. 131. Retrieved 4 May 2022. The Ministry of Defence owns approximately 17.57 lakh acres of land throughout the country managed by the three Services and other Organizations like DGDE, Ordnance Factory Board, DRDO, DGQA, CGDA etc. The Army has the maximum of the land i.e. 14.147 lakh acres followed by Air Force 1.40 lakh acres and Navy 0.44 lakh acres. The defence land inside the notified Cantonments is approximately 1.57 lakh acres and the remaining around 16.00 lakh lies outside the Cantonments
  8. ^ "Directorate General Defence Estates Main menu". Directorate General Defence Estates. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  9. ^ "MOVING AWAY FROM THE BRITISH-ERA CONCEPT OF CANTONMENT TOWNS". Press Information Bureau. 24 July 2024. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
  10. ^ "Defence Ministry denotifies civil areas of 10 cantonments". The Indian Express. 7 March 2024. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
  11. ^ "Military Cantonments To Lose Control On Civil Areas. What This Means". NDTV.com. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
  12. ^ a b "Khasyol in Dharamshala 1st Cantonment in country to lose civilian area control". The Times of India. 29 April 2023. ISSN 0971-8257. Retrieved 2 September 2024.
  13. ^ "Cantonment Boards". pib.gov.in. Press Information Bureau. Retrieved 4 May 2022.
  14. ^ Malagi, Shivakumar G. (16 August 2017). "Ballari's jail walls have many a story to tell". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 15 August 2020.
  15. ^ "Military: Khuzdar Cantonment" Global Security
  16. ^ "Sarhad Conservation Network® Reports: Book on Peshawar Cantonment Launched". 27 October 2009. Archived from the original on 27 October 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  17. ^ "Singapore Police Force". Archived from the original on 4 July 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2011.
  18. ^ "Marseilles Training Center". www.il.ngb.army.mil. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
[edit]
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Cantonment".

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