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Coordinates: 43°56′4.56″N 12°26′50.28″E / 43.9346000°N 12.4473000°E / 43.9346000; 12.4473000
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{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| official_name = City of San Marino
| official_name = City of San Marino
| native_name = Città di San Marino
| native_name = {{native name|it|Città di San Marino}}
| nickname =
| nickname =
| motto =
| image_skyline = {{multiple image
| motto =
| image_skyline ={{multiple image
|perrow = 1/2/2/2/1
|perrow = 1/2/2/2/1
|border = infobox
|border = infobox
|total_width = 300
|total_width = 300
|image1 = Monte Titano.jpg
|image1 = Monte Titano Panorama.jpg
|image2 = Parliament San Marino.jpg
|image2 = Palazzo Pubblico - esterno.jpg
|image3 = Funivia di San Marino - 2019-05-07.jpg
|image3 = Funivia di San Marino - 2019-05-07.jpg
|image4 = View of Mount Titano - San Marino.jpg
|image4 = View of Mount Titano - San Marino.jpg
|image5 = San Marino katedra.jpg
|image5 = Cathedral San Marino - Exterior.jpg
|image6 = Second Tower in San Marino and Paragliding.jpg
|image6 = Second Tower in San Marino and Paragliding.jpg
|image7 = Via Basilicus din San Marino2.jpg
|image7 = Via Basilicus din San Marino2.jpg
Line 21: Line 21:
|color = white
|color = white
}}
}}
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| image_caption = '''Clockwise from top:''' view of [[Monte Titano]], the aerial tramway, [[San Marino Cathedral]], Via Basilicus, panorama from the top, [[De La Fratta|De La Fratta Tower]], [[Guaita|Guaita Tower]], [[Palazzo Pubblico (San Marino)|Palazzo Pubblico]]
| image_caption = '''Clockwise from top:''' view of [[Monte Titano]], the [[Funivia di San Marino|aerial cable car]], [[San Marino Cathedral]], Via Basilicus, panorama from the top, [[De La Fratta|De La Fratta Tower]], [[Guaita|Guaita Tower]], [[Palazzo Pubblico (San Marino)|Palazzo Pubblico]]
| image_flag = Flag of the City of San Marino.svg
| image_flag = Flag of the City of San Marino.svg
| flag_size = 150px
| flag_size = 150px
| image_seal =
| image_seal =
| seal_size =
| seal_size =
| image_shield = Città di San Marino coat.svg
| shield_size = 75px
| image_shield = Coat of arms of the city of San Marino.svg
| image_blank_emblem =
| shield_size = 75px
| blank_emblem_size =
| image_blank_emblem =
| blank_emblem_size =
| image_map = City of San Marino in San Marino (+pop areas).svg
| mapsize = 150px
| image_map = City of San Marino in San Marino (+pop areas).svg
| mapsize = 150px
| map_caption = San Marino's location in San Marino
| map_caption = San Marino's location in San Marino
| pushpin_map = San Marino#Europe
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| pushpin_map = San Marino#Europe
| subdivision_type = Country
| pushpin_label_position = <!-- the position of the pushpin label: left, right, top, bottom, none -->
| subdivision_name = {{SMR}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type1 =
| subdivision_name = {{SMR}}
| subdivision_name1 =
| subdivision_type1 =
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_name1 =
| subdivision_name2 =
| subdivision_type2 =
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name2 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_name4 =
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
| government_type =
| government_type =
| leader_title = ''Capitano''
| leader_name = [[Tomaso Rossini]] (since 2018)
| leader_title = ''Capitano''
| established_title = Foundation
| leader_name = Tomaso Rossini (since 2018)
| established_date = 3 September 301 (traditional date)
| established_title = Foundation
| area_magnitude =
| established_date = 3 September 301 (traditional date)
| area_magnitude =
| area_footnotes =
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 7.09
| area_total_km2 = 7.09
| area_land_km2 =
| area_land_km2 =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_urban_km2 =
| area_urban_km2 =
| area_metro_km2 =
| population_as_of = January 2022
| area_metro_km2 =
| population_footnotes =
| population_as_of = January 2022
| population_footnotes =
| population_note =
| settlement_type = [[Capital city]] and [[Municipalities of San Marino|castello]]
| population_note =
| population_total = 4061<ref name=pop>{{cite web |title=Resident Population per municipality|url=https://www.statistica.sm/on-line/en/home/statistics/population.html?Categoria=2&nodo=/on-line/en/home/statistics/population/demographic-structure.html|publisher=Office of Economic Planning, Data Processing and Statistics|access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref>
| settlement_type = [[Municipalities of San Marino|Castello]]
| population_density_km2 = 582.23
| population_total = 4061<ref name=pop>{{cite web |title=Resident Population per municipality|url=https://www.statistica.sm/on-line/en/home/statistics/population.html?Categoria=2&nodo=/on-line/en/home/statistics/population/demographic-structure.html|publisher=Office of Economic Planning, Data Processing and Statistics|access-date=2022-02-21}}</ref>
| population_metro =
| population_density_km2 = 582.23
| population_density_metro_km2 =
| population_metro =
| population_urban =
| population_density_metro_km2 =
| population_density_urban_km2 =
| population_urban =
| population_density_urban_km2 =
| timezone = CET
| timezone = CET
| utc_offset = +1
| utc_offset = +1
| timezone_DST = CEST
| timezone_DST = CEST
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| coordinates = {{coord|43|56|4.56|N|12|26|50.28|E|region:SM|display=inline}}
| utc_offset_DST = +2
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| coordinates = {{coord|43|56|4.56|N|12|26|50.28|E|region:SM|display=inline}}
| elevation_m = 749
| elevation_footnotes = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| elevation_m = 749
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code = RSM-47890
| postal_code = RSM-47890
| area_code =
| area_code =
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank_info = [[Oceanic climate|Cfb]]
| blank_info = [[Oceanic climate|Cfb]]
| website =
| website =
| footnotes =
| name =
| footnotes =
| parts_type = [[Curazia|Curazie]]
| p1 = [[Cà Berlone]], [[Canepa, San Marino|Canepa]], [[Casole]], [[Castellaro, San Marino|Castellaro]], [[Montalbo, San Marino|Montalbo]], [[Murata (San Marino)|Murata]], [[Santa Mustiola]]
| name =
}}
}}
{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
{{Infobox UNESCO World Heritage Site
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}}
}}


The '''City of San Marino''' ({{lang-it|Città di San Marino}}; also known simply as '''San Marino''' and locally as '''Città''') is the [[Capital (political)|capital city]] of the [[San Marino|Republic of San Marino]]. It has a population of 4,061.<ref name=pop/> It is on the western slopes of San Marino's highest point, [[Monte Titano]].
The '''City of San Marino''' ({{langx|it|Città di San Marino}}), also known simply as '''San Marino''' and locally as '''Città''', is the [[Capital (political)|capital city]] of the [[San Marino|Republic of San Marino]] and one of its nine {{Lang|it|[[Municipalities of San Marino|castelli]]}}. It has a population of 4,061.<ref name=pop/> It is on the western slopes of San Marino's highest point, [[Monte Titano]]. It is also the [[List of national capitals by population|fifth-least-populated national capital]] in the world.


==Geography==
==Geography==
Although not the capital, most of the businesses are in [[Borgo Maggiore]]. It is the third largest city in the country, after [[Dogana]] and Borgo Maggiore. It borders the San Marino municipalities [[Acquaviva (San Marino)|Acquaviva]], Borgo Maggiore, [[Fiorentino]], and [[Chiesanuova]] and the Italian municipality [[San Leo]].
The City of San Marino borders the {{Lang|it|[[Municipalities of San Marino|castelli]]}} of [[Acquaviva (San Marino)|Acquaviva]], [[Borgo Maggiore]], [[Fiorentino]], and [[Chiesanuova]] and the Italian municipality of [[San Leo]].


The City of San Marino contains seven {{Lang|it|[[curazia|curazie]]}}: [[Cà Berlone]], [[Canepa, San Marino|Canepa]], [[Casole]], [[Castellaro, San Marino|Castellaro]], [[Montalbo, San Marino|Montalbo]], [[Murata (San Marino)|Murata]], and [[Santa Mustiola]].<ref name="Elezioni">{{cite web |last1=Rattini |first1=Maurizio |last2=Venturini |first2=Gian Carlo |last3=Volpinari |first3=Antonio L. |date=21 March 1997 |title=Regolamento per la disciplina della campagna elttorale |url=http://www.elezioni.sm/index.php?id=299 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805215911/http://www.elezioni.sm/index.php?id=299 |archivedate=5 August 2009 |accessdate=14 February 2020 |website=Elezioni |language=it}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Città di San Marino |trans-title=City of San Marino |url=https://www.sanmarinoweb.it/castelli-di-san-marino/citta-di-san-marino/ |access-date=9 February 2024 |website=San Marino Web |language=it-SM}}</ref>
[[Akademio Internacia de la Sciencoj San Marino]] was centered here.

[[International Academy of Sciences San Marino|The International Academy of Sciences San Marino]] was centered here.


==History==
==History==
{{See also|History of San Marino}}
''Due to its being the capital and previously the only city in San Marino, the history of this city is almost the same as the [[History of San Marino]]. For more information on that topic, see that article.''
The city is claimed to be founded by [[Saint Marinus]] and several Christian refugees fleeing from [[Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire|Roman persecution]] in the year 301.

The city was founded by [[Saint Marinus]] and several Christian refugees in the year 301. From then on the city became a center of Christian refugees who fled from [[Persecution of Christians in the Roman Empire|Roman persecution]].

The urban heart of the city was protected by [[Three Towers of San Marino|three towers]]: the first, [[Guaita]], constructed in the 11th century, was famous for being impenetrable, which to a great extent discouraged attacks on the city.


The urban heart of the city was protected by [[Three Towers of San Marino|three towers]]: the first, [[Guaita]], built in the 11th century, held a reputation for being impenetrable which to a great extent discouraged attacks.
Due to the [[Crusades]], it was felt necessary to construct a second tower, [[Cesta]] (13th century). But the Sanmarinense defensive system was not completed until the construction of a third tower, the [[Montale (San Marino)|Montale]] (14th century) - the smallest of all and constructed on the last of the summits of Monte Titano.


Tensions with bordering powers urged the necessity to build a second tower, [[Cesta]] (13th century). The defensive system was not completed until the construction of a third tower, the [[Montale (San Marino)|Montale]] (14th century) - the smallest of all and constructed on the last of the summits of Monte Titano.
With the population of the city increasing, the territory of the country was extended by a few square kilometers. Since the Sanmarinese policy was not to invade or to use war to obtain new territories, it was by means of purchases and treaties that San Marino obtained the other eight ''castelli'' which make up the country.


With the population of the city increasing, the territory of the country was extended by a few square kilometers. Since the Sammarinese policy was not to invade or to use war to obtain new territories, it was by means of purchases and treaties that San Marino obtained the other eight ''castelli'' which make up the country.
==Parishes==
The City of San Marino has the following 7 parishes or wards (''[[Curazia|curazie]]''):<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.elezioni.sm/index.php?id=299|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805215911/http://www.elezioni.sm/index.php?id=299|url-status=dead|title=Article with the list of curazie on the official Sanmarinese electoral website|archive-date=August 5, 2009}}</ref>
* [[Cà Berlone]]
* [[Canepa, San Marino|Canepa]]
* [[Casole]]
* [[Castellaro (San Marino)|Castellaro]]
* [[Montalbo (San Marino)|Montalbo]]
* [[Murata (San Marino)|Murata]]
* [[Santa Mustiola]]


==Economy==
==Economy==
Line 146: Line 139:
* Grand Hotel San Marino
* Grand Hotel San Marino


===Transport===
== Transport ==
{{Main|Transport in San Marino}}The city is known for its long, winding cobblestoned streets, as its altitude and steep approach put it beyond the reach of the [[San Marino Highway]]. San Marino is also notable in that cars are prohibited in much of the city center. A series of [[elevator|lifts]] connects the upper part of city with the lower.
{{Main|Transport in San Marino}}


City of San Marino is the top terminus of the [[Funivia di San Marino]], an [[Aerial tramway|aerial cablecar system]] that connects the city to [[Borgo Maggiore]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Ropeway – San Marino Cable Car |url=https://www.sanmarinosite.com/en/how-to-reach/ropeway/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=San Marino Site|date=13 October 2014 }}</ref> Running every fifteen minutes, the two-minute ride is renowned for its panoramic views over San Marino, the [[Province of Rimini]], and the [[Adriatic Sea]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Funivia di San Marino |trans-title=San Marino Cablecar System |url=https://www.doppelmayr.com/it/progetti-di-riferimento/progetto-di-riferimento-45-atw-funivia-di-san-marino/ |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Doppelmayr USA|Doppelmayr Group]] |language=it-SM}}</ref> The City of San Marino terminus is located at the turn of Contrada Omagnano with Contrada del Pianello, at the historic city centre's northern end, next to the {{Interlanguage link|Segreteria di Stato per il turismo|lt=Tourism Secretariat|it|Segreteria di Stato per il turismo}} and less than {{Convert|200|m|ft|abbr=off}} from the [[Basilica of San Martino|Basilica of San Marino]] and the [[Piazza della Libertà, San Marino|Piazza della Libertà]].<ref name="map">{{Cite web |title=Pianta della Città di San Marino |trans-title=Map of the City of San Marino |url=https://www.sanmarinosite.com/sms_pdf/centro_storico.pdf |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=San Marino Site |language=it-SM}}</ref>
The city is known for its long, winding cobblestoned streets, as its altitude and steep approach put it beyond the reach of the [[San Marino Superhighway]]. San Marino is also notable in that cars are prohibited in much of the city center.


The City of San Marino is the terminus of seven of San Marino's eight bus lines, which run to other settlements in the country.<ref name=":03">{{Cite web |title=Orari autobus di linea |trans-title=Bus timetables |url=https://www.aass.sm/site/home/trasporti/orari-autobus-di-linea.html |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=[[Azienda Autonoma di Stato per i Servizi Pubblici]] |language=it-SM}}</ref> Additionally, the central bus stop in Piazzale Marino Calcigni is the terminus of a regular coach connection to [[Rimini]],<ref name=":12">{{Cite web |date=17 July 2023 |title=Bus to San Marino Republic |url=https://riminiturismo.it/en/visitatori/come-arrivare/collegamenti/pullman/bus-san-marino-republic |access-date=31 December 2023 |website=riminiturismo.it}}</ref><ref name="map" /> operated by coach companies Bonelli and Benedettini.<ref name=":12" />
Before the [[World War II]], a railway was built from San Marino to [[Rimini]] under the dictatorship of [[Benito Mussolini]]. Its tunnels, and the railway station 'Piazzale Lo Stradone', still exist. Proposals for the reopening of this railway have been presented to the government on several occasions, but thus far without action.


Between 1932 and 1944, a {{convert|31.5|km|mi|abbr=off|adj=on}} [[Railway electrification system|electrified]] [[narrow gauge]] railway operated between Rimini and the City of San Marino.<ref name=":123">{{Cite web |last=Macina |first=Chiara |date=14 September 2015 |title=Il Trenino Biancazzurro: la breve vita e la fine |trans-title=The Blue and White Train: Its short life and end |url=https://www.zoomma.news/il-trenino-biancazzurro-la-breve-vita-e-la-fine/ |access-date=3 November 2023 |website=Zoomma |language=it-IT}}</ref> During the [[World War II|Second World War]], the line was bombed and closed,<ref name=":123" /><ref name=":142">{{Cite web |last=Giardi |first=Davide |date=28 February 2013 |title=Breve storia della Ferrovia |trans-title=Brief history of the railway |url=https://www.libertas.sm/breve-storia-della-ferrovia/ |access-date=3 November 2023 |website=libertas |language=it-SM}}</ref> after which its tunnels sheltered refugees during the Battles of [[Battle of Rimini (1944)|Rimini]] and [[Battle of San Marino|San Marino]].<ref name=":132">{{Cite web |last=Pagammo |first=Lussi |date=20 April 2019 |title=Il glorioso trenino bianco-azzurro riparte dall'elettromotrice 'AB-03' per unire Rimini a San Marino |trans-title=The glorious white-blue train restarts from the 'AB-03' electromotive to connect Rimini to San Marino |url=https://www.riminiduepuntozero.it/il-glorioso-trenino-bianco-azzurro-riparte-dallelettromotrice-ab-03-per-unire-rimini-a-san-marino/ |access-date=3 November 2023 |website=Riminiduepuntozero |language=it-IT}}</ref><ref name=":92">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=12 June 2023 |title=12 giugno 1932 - Viene inaugurata la ferrovia Rimini - San Marino |trans-title=12 June 1932: The Rimini–San Marino railway was opened |url=https://www.chiamamicitta.it/12-giugno-1932-viene-inaugurata-la-ferrovia-rimini-san-marino/ |access-date=2 November 2023 |website=Chiamami Città |language=it-IT}}</ref> After the war, the railway was abandoned in favour of the San Marino Highway.<ref name=":92" /><ref name=":302">{{Cite journal |last=Giuliani-Balestrino |first=Maria Clotilde |date=2005 |title=La superstrada Rimini-San Marino |trans-title=The Rimini-San Marino railway |url=https://studiericerche.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Giuliani-Balestrino-1-4.pdf |journal=Studi e Ricerche di Geografia |language=it-IT |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=1–4}}</ref>
There is a regular bus service to Rimini, and a {{convert|1.5|km|1|abbr=off}} [[Aerial tramway|cable car]] line connects the capital with [[Borgo Maggiore]].


In 2012, an {{convert|800|m|mi|abbr=off|adj=on|frac=2}} section was reopened as a [[heritage railway]] in the City of San Marino, running between Piazzale della Stazione and near Via Napoleone.<ref name=":182">{{Cite web |last=Scolari |first=Giancarlo |date=21 June 2012 |title=Torna il treno a San Marino |trans-title=The train returns to San Marino |url=https://www.ferrovie.it/portale/articoli/3190 |access-date=3 November 2023 |website=Ferrovie.it |language=it-IT}}</ref> The restored section comprises the original railway's final horseshoe turn through the {{convert|502|m|ft|abbr=off|adj=on}} Montale tunnel.<ref name=":292">{{Cite web |last=Vilmos |first=Oszter |date=12 August 2012 |title=Kis ország, kis( )vasút |trans-title=Small country, small railway |url=https://iho.hu/hirek/kis-orszag-kis-vasut-120812 |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=Indóház Online |language=hu}}</ref><ref name=":282">{{Cite web |title=Galleria 'Montale': ex-ferrovia Rimini-San Marino |trans-title='Montale' Tunnel: Rimini-San Marino ex-railway |url=https://www.sdaprogetti.it/it-IT/progetto/galleria |access-date=5 November 2023 |website=sdaprogetti.it |language=it-IT}}</ref>
A series of [[elevator|lifts]] also connects the upper part of city with the lower.


==Sport==
==Sport==
The city of San Marino has two [[association football|football]] teams: the [[S.S. Murata]] and the [[S.P. Tre Penne]]. The city had the [[Olympic Flame]] pass through San Marino during the run-up to the [[2006 Winter Olympics]].
The city of San Marino has three [[association football|football]] teams: the [[S.S. Murata]], the [[S.P. Tre Penne]] and the [[San Marino Academy]]. The city had the [[Olympic Flame]] pass through San Marino during the run-up to the [[2006 Winter Olympics]].


==International relations==
==Twin towns – sister cities==
City of San Marino is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:
City of San Marino is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|ITA}} [[San Leo]], Italy
* {{flagicon|CRO}} [[Rab_(town)|Rab]], Croatia (1968) <ref>{{cite web |title =
Celebrazioni nel 50° del gemellaggio con Arbe |url=https://www.esteri.sm/pub1/EsteriSM/dettaglio_notizia.html?idItem=65af2a38-f077-40e0-aab2-6d5eb7dc0484|language=it|access-date=2024-01-13}}</ref>
*{{flagicon|HRV}} [[Rab (town)|Rab]], Croatia
* {{flagicon|ITA}} [[San Leo]], Italy (1995) <ref>{{cite web |title =
San Leo e Città di San Marino: il gemellaggio compie 20 anni|date=28 November 2015 |url=https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/attualita-c4/san-leo-citta-san-marino-gemellaggio-compie-20-a59376|language=it|access-date=2024-01-13}}</ref>
* {{flagicon|CHN}} [[Nanjing]], China (2021) <ref>{{cite web |title = gemellaggio nanjing - San Marino|date=28 January 2021 |url=https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/attualita-c4/giunta-di-castello-di-citta-e-contea-di-nanjing-siglato-gemellaggio-a200459|language=it|access-date=2024-01-13}}</ref>


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery class="center" widths=150>
<gallery class="center" widths=150>
San Marino ratusz.jpg|''[[Palazzo Pubblico (San Marino)|Palazzo Pubblico]]'',<br /> the City Hall
Palazzo Pubblico - esterno.jpg|''[[Palazzo Pubblico (San Marino)|Palazzo Pubblico]]'',<br /> the City Hall
Fortress of Guaita - First Tower (San Marino).jpg|[[Guaita|Guaita tower]]
Fortress of Guaita - First Tower (San Marino).jpg|[[Guaita|Guaita tower]]
Second Tower in San Marino and Paragliding.jpg|[[De La Fratta|Cesta tower]]
Second Tower in San Marino and Paragliding.jpg|[[De La Fratta|Cesta tower]]
Line 183: Line 179:


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons-inline|Category:San Marino (city)|San Marino (city)}}
{{Commons-inline}}
*{{in lang|it}} [https://archive.today/20120803071811/http://www.giuntedicastello.sm/index.php?id=12 San Marino's page on giuntedicastello.sm]
*{{in lang|it}} [https://archive.today/20120803071811/http://www.giuntedicastello.sm/index.php?id=12 San Marino's page on giuntedicastello.sm]


Latest revision as of 23:26, 23 November 2024

This article is about the capital of the country. For the city in California, see San Marino, California. For other uses, see City of San Marino (disambiguation).
City of San Marino
Città di San Marino (Italian)
Capital city and castello
Clockwise from top: view of Monte Titano, the aerial cable car, San Marino Cathedral, Via Basilicus, panorama from the top, De La Fratta Tower, Guaita Tower, Palazzo Pubblico
Flag of City of San Marino
Flag
Coat of arms of City of San Marino
Coat of arms
San Marino's location in San Marino
San Marino's location in San Marino
City of San Marino is located in San Marino
City of San Marino
City of San Marino
City of San Marino is located in Europe
City of San Marino
City of San Marino
Coordinates: 43°56′4.56″N 12°26′50.28″E / 43.9346000°N 12.4473000°E / 43.9346000; 12.4473000
Country San Marino
Foundation3 September 301 (traditional date)
Curazie
List
Government
 • CapitanoTomaso Rossini (since 2018)
Area
 • Total
7.09 km2 (2.74 sq mi)
Elevation
749 m (2,457 ft)
Population
 (January 2022)
 • Total
4,061[1]
 • Density582.23/km2 (1,508.0/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
RSM-47890
ClimateCfb
San Marino Historic Centre and Mount Titano
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Monte Titano and three fortresses on top of it can be seen from many kilometers away
CriteriaCultural: iii
Reference1245
Inscription2008 (32nd Session)
Area55 ha
Buffer zone167 ha

The City of San Marino (Italian: Città di San Marino), also known simply as San Marino and locally as Città, is the capital city of the Republic of San Marino and one of its nine castelli. It has a population of 4,061.[1] It is on the western slopes of San Marino's highest point, Monte Titano. It is also the fifth-least-populated national capital in the world.

Geography

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The City of San Marino borders the castelli of Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Fiorentino, and Chiesanuova and the Italian municipality of San Leo.

The City of San Marino contains seven curazie: Cà Berlone, Canepa, Casole, Castellaro, Montalbo, Murata, and Santa Mustiola.[2][3]

The International Academy of Sciences San Marino was centered here.

History

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See also: History of San Marino

The city is claimed to be founded by Saint Marinus and several Christian refugees fleeing from Roman persecution in the year 301.

The urban heart of the city was protected by three towers: the first, Guaita, built in the 11th century, held a reputation for being impenetrable which to a great extent discouraged attacks.

Tensions with bordering powers urged the necessity to build a second tower, Cesta (13th century). The defensive system was not completed until the construction of a third tower, the Montale (14th century) - the smallest of all and constructed on the last of the summits of Monte Titano.

With the population of the city increasing, the territory of the country was extended by a few square kilometers. Since the Sammarinese policy was not to invade or to use war to obtain new territories, it was by means of purchases and treaties that San Marino obtained the other eight castelli which make up the country.

Economy

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Main article: Economy of San Marino

The economy of the city of San Marino has always been closely bound to that of the country. Until recently, the main economic activities of the locality were stone extraction and carving. Today, there is a more varied economy, including tourism, commerce, sale of postage stamps, and a small agricultural industry, although the latter is in decline.

Landmarks

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Map of the municipality of San Marino
Main article: Tourism in San Marino

The city is visited by more than three million people per year, and has developed progressively as a tourist centre. Of the tourists, 85% are Italian. There are also more than a thousand retail outlets, where one can find a great variety of products.

Main sights

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Transport

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Main article: Transport in San Marino

The city is known for its long, winding cobblestoned streets, as its altitude and steep approach put it beyond the reach of the San Marino Highway. San Marino is also notable in that cars are prohibited in much of the city center. A series of lifts connects the upper part of city with the lower.

City of San Marino is the top terminus of the Funivia di San Marino, an aerial cablecar system that connects the city to Borgo Maggiore.[4] Running every fifteen minutes, the two-minute ride is renowned for its panoramic views over San Marino, the Province of Rimini, and the Adriatic Sea.[4][5] The City of San Marino terminus is located at the turn of Contrada Omagnano with Contrada del Pianello, at the historic city centre's northern end, next to the Tourism Secretariat [it] and less than 200 metres (660 feet) from the Basilica of San Marino and the Piazza della Libertà.[6]

The City of San Marino is the terminus of seven of San Marino's eight bus lines, which run to other settlements in the country.[7] Additionally, the central bus stop in Piazzale Marino Calcigni is the terminus of a regular coach connection to Rimini,[8][6] operated by coach companies Bonelli and Benedettini.[8]

Between 1932 and 1944, a 31.5-kilometre (19.6-mile) electrified narrow gauge railway operated between Rimini and the City of San Marino.[9] During the Second World War, the line was bombed and closed,[9][10] after which its tunnels sheltered refugees during the Battles of Rimini and San Marino.[11][12] After the war, the railway was abandoned in favour of the San Marino Highway.[12][13]

In 2012, an 800-metre (1⁄2-mile) section was reopened as a heritage railway in the City of San Marino, running between Piazzale della Stazione and near Via Napoleone.[14] The restored section comprises the original railway's final horseshoe turn through the 502-metre (1,647-foot) Montale tunnel.[15][16]

Sport

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The city of San Marino has three football teams: the S.S. Murata, the S.P. Tre Penne and the San Marino Academy. The city had the Olympic Flame pass through San Marino during the run-up to the 2006 Winter Olympics.

International relations

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City of San Marino is twinned with:

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Resident Population per municipality". Office of Economic Planning, Data Processing and Statistics. Retrieved 2022-02-21.
  2. ^ Rattini, Maurizio; Venturini, Gian Carlo; Volpinari, Antonio L. (21 March 1997). "Regolamento per la disciplina della campagna elttorale". Elezioni (in Italian). Archived from the original on 5 August 2009. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
  3. ^ "Città di San Marino" [City of San Marino]. San Marino Web (in Italian). Retrieved 9 February 2024.
  4. ^ a b "Ropeway – San Marino Cable Car". San Marino Site. 13 October 2014. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  5. ^ "Funivia di San Marino" [San Marino Cablecar System]. Doppelmayr Group (in Italian). Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  6. ^ a b "Pianta della Città di San Marino" [Map of the City of San Marino] (PDF). San Marino Site (in Italian). Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  7. ^ "Orari autobus di linea" [Bus timetables]. Azienda Autonoma di Stato per i Servizi Pubblici (in Italian). Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  8. ^ a b "Bus to San Marino Republic". riminiturismo.it. 17 July 2023. Retrieved 31 December 2023.
  9. ^ a b Macina, Chiara (14 September 2015). "Il Trenino Biancazzurro: la breve vita e la fine" [The Blue and White Train: Its short life and end]. Zoomma (in Italian). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  10. ^ Giardi, Davide (28 February 2013). "Breve storia della Ferrovia" [Brief history of the railway]. libertas (in Italian). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  11. ^ Pagammo, Lussi (20 April 2019). "Il glorioso trenino bianco-azzurro riparte dall'elettromotrice 'AB-03' per unire Rimini a San Marino" [The glorious white-blue train restarts from the 'AB-03' electromotive to connect Rimini to San Marino]. Riminiduepuntozero (in Italian). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  12. ^ a b "12 giugno 1932 - Viene inaugurata la ferrovia Rimini - San Marino" [12 June 1932: The Rimini–San Marino railway was opened]. Chiamami Città (in Italian). 12 June 2023. Retrieved 2 November 2023.
  13. ^ Giuliani-Balestrino, Maria Clotilde (2005). "La superstrada Rimini-San Marino" [The Rimini-San Marino railway] (PDF). Studi e Ricerche di Geografia (in Italian). 29 (1): 1–4.
  14. ^ Scolari, Giancarlo (21 June 2012). "Torna il treno a San Marino" [The train returns to San Marino]. Ferrovie.it (in Italian). Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  15. ^ Vilmos, Oszter (12 August 2012). "Kis ország, kis( )vasút" [Small country, small railway]. Indóház Online (in Hungarian). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  16. ^ "Galleria 'Montale': ex-ferrovia Rimini-San Marino" ['Montale' Tunnel: Rimini-San Marino ex-railway]. sdaprogetti.it (in Italian). Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  17. ^ "Celebrazioni nel 50° del gemellaggio con Arbe" (in Italian). Retrieved 2024-01-13.
  18. ^ "San Leo e Città di San Marino: il gemellaggio compie 20 anni" (in Italian). 28 November 2015. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
  19. ^ "gemellaggio nanjing - San Marino" (in Italian). 28 January 2021. Retrieved 2024-01-13.
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Media related to Città di San Marino at Wikimedia Commons

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