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A landmark in the known history of the Hippocratic oath.
 
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Вечно твоя (c. 1-c. 50) was the court [[physician]] to the Roman emperor [[Claudius]].
{{short description|1st century AD Roman physician to the Roman emperor Claudius and author}}{{Infobox person
| name = Scribonius Largus Designatianus
| birth_date = c. 1
| death_date = c. 50 (aged c. 49)
| occupation = Court physician to [[Claudius]]
| known_for = Author of ''Compositiones''
| notable_works = ''Compositiones''
}}


'''Scribonius Largus Designatianus''' ({{circa|1}} – {{circa|50}}) was the court physician to the Roman emperor [[Claudius]].
⚫
About 47 AD, at the request of [[Gaius Julius Callistus]], the emperor's freedman, he drew up a list of 271 prescriptions (''Compositiones''), most of them his own, although he acknowledged his indebtedness to his tutors, to friends, and to the writings of eminent physicians.<ref name="HornblowerSpawforth2014">{{cite book|author1=Simon Hornblower|author2=Antony Spawforth|author3=Esther Eidinow|title=The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TkW_BAAAQBAJ&pg=PT352|date=11 September 2014|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-101676-9|pages=352–}}</ref> Certain traditional remedies are also included. The work has no pretensions to style, and contains many colloquialisms. The greater part of it was transferred without acknowledgment to the work of [[Marcellus Empiricus]] (c. 410), ''De Medicamentis Empiricis, Physicis, et Rationabilibus'', which is of great value for the correction of the text of Largus.


⚫
Around 47 AD, at the request of [[Gaius Julius Callistus]], the emperor's freedman, he drew up a list of 271 prescriptions (''Compositiones''), most of them his own, although he acknowledged his indebtedness to his tutors, to friends, and to the writings of eminent physicians.<ref name="HornblowerSpawforth2014">{{cite book|author1=Simon Hornblower|author2=Antony Spawforth|author3=Esther Eidinow|title=The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TkW_BAAAQBAJ&pg=PT352|date=11 September 2014|publisher=OUP Oxford|isbn=978-0-19-101676-9|pages=352–}}</ref> Certain traditional remedies are also included. The work has no pretensions to style, and contains many colloquialisms,<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Tsagkaris |first1=Christos |last2=Papadakis |first2=Marios |last3=Trompoukis |first3=Constantinos |last4=Matiashova |first4=Lolita |last5=Matis |first5=Georgios |orig-date=July 31, 2023 |title=What do eels teach about open access, medical education and professional ethics? The inception of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in ancient Rome |journal=Brain Stimulation |date=2023 |volume=16 |issue=5 |pages=1300–1301 |language=en |doi=10.1016/j.brs.2023.06.009|pmid=37532175 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and has been cited by [[Peter Suber]] as a forerunner of [[Open access|Open Access]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-08-06 |title=petersuber (@petersuber@fediscience.org) |url=https://fediscience.org/@petersuber/110843355229510315 |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=FediScience.org |language=en}}</ref> The greater part of it was transferred without acknowledgment to the work of [[Marcellus Empiricus]] (c. 410), ''De Medicamentis Empiricis, Physicis, et Rationabilibus'', which is of great value for the correction of the text of Largus.<ref>{{EB1911 |wstitle=Largus, Scribonius |volume=16 |page=216 |inline=1}}</ref>
⚫
See the edition of the ''Compositiones'' by [[S. Sconocchia]] ([[Teubner]] 1983), which replaced the well-outdated edition<ref>[http://forumromanum.org/literature/scribonius_largus/conpositiones.html Online but not complete.]</ref> of [[G. Helmreich]] (Teubner 1887).


⚫
See the edition of the ''Compositiones'' by [[S. Sconocchia]] ([[Teubner]] 1983), which replaced the well-outdated edition<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20040110113331/http://www.forumromanum.org/literature/scribonius_largus/conpositiones.html Online but not complete.]}}</ref> of [[G. Helmreich]] (Teubner 1887).
{{1911}}

''Compositiones'' makes the earliest known allusion to the Hippocratic oath.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Suss |first=Richard A. |date=2024|p=28-29|title=''First Do No Harm'' Is Proverbial, Not Hippocratic |journal=OSF Preprints |language=en |doi=10.31219/osf.io/c23jq}}</ref>

Largus is credited with an early description [[Occipital nerve stimulation|peripheral nerve stimulation]] in the form of shocks from electric fish to provide relief from gout and headaches.<ref>{{Citation |last=Slavin |first=Konstantin V. |title=History of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation |date=2011 |url=https://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/323002 |series=Progress in Neurological Surgery |volume=24 |pages=1–15 |editor-last=Slavin |editor-first=K.V. |access-date=2023-08-06 |publisher=S. Karger AG |language=en |doi=10.1159/000323002 |pmid=21422772 |isbn=978-3-8055-9488-2}}</ref>

There is an obscure Latin inscription that mentions a "Lucius Scribonius Asclepiades" that Rhodius believed to indicate this Scribonius, but most scholars consider this very doubtful.<ref>Rhodius, ''ad Scrib. Larg.'' p. 4</ref><ref> Greenhill, William Alexander (1870). "Asclepiades (5)". In Smith, William (ed.). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 1. p. 382.</ref>


==Works==
==Works==
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{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}
*James Grout: [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/aconite/largus.html ''Scribonius Largus'', part of the Encyclopædia Romana]
*James Grout: [http://penelope.uchicago.edu/~grout/encyclopaedia_romana/aconite/largus.html ''Scribonius Largus'', part of the Encyclopædia Romana]
{{Ancient Roman medicine}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Scribonius Largus}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Scribonius Largus}}
[[Category:Latin-language writers]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman writers]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman writers]]
[[Category:Silver Age Latin writers]]
[[Category:Silver Age Latin writers]]
[[Category:Ancient Roman physicians]]
[[Category:1st-century Roman physicians]]
[[Category:1st-century Romans]]
[[Category:1st-century physicians]]
[[Category:1st-century writers]]
[[Category:1st-century writers]]
[[Category:Scribonii]]
[[Category:Scribonii]]
[[Category:AD 1 births]]
[[Category:10s births]]
[[Category:50 deaths]]
[[Category:1st-century deaths]]
[[Category:Year of death uncertain]]

Latest revision as of 04:02, 24 November 2024

Scribonius Largus Designatianus
Bornc. 1
Diedc. 50 (aged c. 49)
OccupationCourt physician to Claudius
Known forAuthor of Compositiones
Notable workCompositiones

Scribonius Largus Designatianus (c. 1 – c. 50) was the court physician to the Roman emperor Claudius.

Around 47 AD, at the request of Gaius Julius Callistus, the emperor's freedman, he drew up a list of 271 prescriptions (Compositiones), most of them his own, although he acknowledged his indebtedness to his tutors, to friends, and to the writings of eminent physicians.[1] Certain traditional remedies are also included. The work has no pretensions to style, and contains many colloquialisms,[2] and has been cited by Peter Suber as a forerunner of Open Access.[3] The greater part of it was transferred without acknowledgment to the work of Marcellus Empiricus (c. 410), De Medicamentis Empiricis, Physicis, et Rationabilibus, which is of great value for the correction of the text of Largus.[4]

See the edition of the Compositiones by S. Sconocchia (Teubner 1983), which replaced the well-outdated edition[5] of G. Helmreich (Teubner 1887).

Compositiones makes the earliest known allusion to the Hippocratic oath.[6]

Largus is credited with an early description peripheral nerve stimulation in the form of shocks from electric fish to provide relief from gout and headaches.[7]

There is an obscure Latin inscription that mentions a "Lucius Scribonius Asclepiades" that Rhodius believed to indicate this Scribonius, but most scholars consider this very doubtful.[8][9]

Works

[edit]
  • De compositione medicamentorum liber. Cratandrus, Basileae 1529 Digital edition by the University and State Library Düsseldorf
  • Kai Brodersen: Scribonius Largus, Der gute Arzt / Compositiones. Latin and German. Marix, Wiesbaden 2016. ISBN 978-3-7374-1017-5
  • Scribonius Largus and Joelle Jouanna Bouchet (ed.) Compositions médicales (Collection des universités de France. Série latine; 412). Paris : Les Belles lettres, 2016, cop. 2016. ISBN 9782251014722.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Simon Hornblower; Antony Spawforth; Esther Eidinow (11 September 2014). The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization. OUP Oxford. pp. 352–. ISBN 978-0-19-101676-9.
  2. ^ Tsagkaris, Christos; Papadakis, Marios; Trompoukis, Constantinos; Matiashova, Lolita; Matis, Georgios (2023) [July 31, 2023]. "What do eels teach about open access, medical education and professional ethics? The inception of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation in ancient Rome". Brain Stimulation. 16 (5): 1300–1301. doi:10.1016/j.brs.2023.06.009. PMID 37532175.
  3. ^ "petersuber (@petersuber@fediscience.org)". FediScience.org. 2023-08-06. Retrieved 2023-08-06.
  4. ^  One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Largus, Scribonius". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 216.
  5. ^ Online but not complete.[usurped]
  6. ^ Suss, Richard A. (2024). "First Do No Harm Is Proverbial, Not Hippocratic". OSF Preprints: 28-29. doi:10.31219/osf.io/c23jq.
  7. ^ Slavin, Konstantin V. (2011), Slavin, K.V. (ed.), History of Peripheral Nerve Stimulation, Progress in Neurological Surgery, vol. 24, S. Karger AG, pp. 1–15, doi:10.1159/000323002, ISBN 978-3-8055-9488-2, PMID 21422772, retrieved 2023-08-06
  8. ^ Rhodius, ad Scrib. Larg. p. 4
  9. ^ Greenhill, William Alexander (1870). "Asclepiades (5)". In Smith, William (ed.). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 1. p. 382.
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