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{{Short description|City in Madhya Pradesh, India}} |
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{{About|the municipality in Madhya Pradesh, India|its namesake district|Tikamgarh District}} |
{{About|the municipality in Madhya Pradesh, India|its namesake district|Tikamgarh District}} |
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{{ |
{{more citations needed|date=March 2014}} |
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{{ |
{{EngvarB|date=December 2020}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2019}} |
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{{Infobox settlement |
{{Infobox settlement |
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| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
| established_date = 1783 AD |
| established_date = 1783 AD |
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| founder = |
| founder = |
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| named_for = Krishna as |
| named_for = [[Krishna]] as Tikam |
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| government_type = |
| government_type = |
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| governing_body = Municipality |
| governing_body = Municipality |
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| Line 49: | Line 49: | ||
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]] |
| demographics_type1 = [[Language]] |
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| demographics1_title1 = Official |
| demographics1_title1 = Official |
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| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd |
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]<ref name="langoff">{{cite web|title=52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India|url=http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|website=nclm.nic.in|publisher=[[Ministry of Minority Affairs]]|access-date=17 June 2019|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525141614/http://nclm.nic.in/shared/linkimages/NCLM52ndReport.pdf|archive-date=25 May 2017}}</ref> |
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| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] |
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] |
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| utc_offset1 = +5:30 |
| utc_offset1 = +5:30 |
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| Line 64: | Line 64: | ||
| blank3_info_sec1 = 74.9% |
| blank3_info_sec1 = 74.9% |
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| blank4_name_sec1 = Distance from [[New Delhi]] |
| blank4_name_sec1 = Distance from [[New Delhi]] |
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| blank4_info_sec1 = {{convert|500|km|mi}} N ([[ |
| blank4_info_sec1 = {{convert|500|km|mi}} N ([[National highways of India|land]]) |
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| website = {{URL| |
| website = {{URL|https://tikamgarh.nic.in}} |
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| footnotes = |
| footnotes = |
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| official_name = Tikamgarh |
| official_name = Tikamgarh |
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}} |
}} |
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'''Tikamgarh''' is a [[Census town#India|town]] and a [[tehsil]] in [[Tikamgarh district]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Madhya Pradesh]].<ref name="Census2011Gov"/> The city serves as a district headquarters. The earlier name of Tikamgarh was '''Tehri'''(i.e., a triangle) consisting of three hamlets, forming a rough triangle. In Tikamgarh town there is locality still known as 'Purani Tehri' (Old Tehri). Until Indian independence in 1947, Tikamgarh, formerly called Tehri, was part of the kingdom of [[Orchha]], which was founded in the 16th century by the [[Bundeli]] chief [[Rudra Pratap Singh]], who became the first King of Orchha. In 1783 the capital of the state was moved to Tehri, about {{Convert|40|mi|km|abbr=out}} south of Orchha, which was home to the fort of Tikamgarh, and the town eventually took the name of the fort. The district is famous for the old fort of Kundar known as [[Garh Kundar]], which was built by [[Khangars]] and remained the capital of |
'''Tikamgarh''' (also spelled as '''Tikamgadh''')is a [[Census town#India|town]] and a [[tehsil]] in [[Tikamgarh district]] in the [[India]]n state of [[Madhya Pradesh]].<ref name="Census2011Gov"/> The city serves as a district headquarters. The earlier name of Tikamgarh was '''Tehri''' (i.e., a triangle) consisting of three hamlets, forming a rough triangle. In Tikamgarh town there is locality still known as 'Purani Tehri' (Old Tehri). Until Indian independence in 1947, Tikamgarh, formerly called Tehri, was part of the kingdom of [[Orchha]], which was founded in the 16th century by the [[Bundeli]] chief [[Rudra Pratap Singh]], who became the first King of Orchha. In 1783 the capital of the state was moved to Tehri, about {{Convert|40|mi|km|abbr=out}} south of Orchha, which was home to the fort of Tikamgarh, and the town eventually took the name of the fort. The district is famous for the old fort of Kundar known as [[Garh Kundar]], which was built by [[Khangars]] and remained the capital of Khangar rulers from 1180 to 1347. |
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==Origin of the name== |
==Origin of the name== |
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The district is named after its headquarter, Tikamgarh. The original name of the town was Tehri. In 1780, the ruler of [[Orchha]] Vikramajit (1776–1817) shifted his capital from Orchha to Tehri and renamed it Tikamgarh (Tikam is one of the names of Krishna).<ref>[http://tikamgarh.nic.in/general.htm "Tikamgarh - General Information".] Retrieved on 7 May 2015.</ref> |
The district is named after its headquarter, Tikamgarh. The original name of the town was Tehri. In 1780, the ruler of [[Orchha]] Vikramajit (1776–1817) shifted his capital from Orchha to Tehri and renamed it Tikamgarh (Tikam is one of the names of Krishna) Because Raja [[Vikramajit]] Is A Devotie Of Lord Krishna.<ref>[http://tikamgarh.nic.in/general.htm "Tikamgarh - General Information".] Retrieved on 7 May 2015.</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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The area covered by this district was part of the [[Princely State]] of [[Orchha]] till its merger with the [[India]]n Union. The Orchha state was founded by Rudra Pratap in 1501. After merger, it became one of the eight districts of [[Vindhya Pradesh]] state in 1948. Following the |
The area covered by this district was part of the [[Princely State]] of [[Orchha]] till its merger with the [[India]]n Union. The Orchha state was founded by Rudra Pratap in 1501. After merger, it became one of the eight districts of [[Vindhya Pradesh]] state in 1948. Following the reorganisation of states on 1 November 1956 it became a district of the newly carved [[Madhya Pradesh]] |
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Orchha was founded in the 1501 AD,<ref>[http://tikamgarh.nic.in/tour.htm#orcha Orchha] [[Tikamgarh district]] Official website.</ref> by the [[Bundela]] chief, Rudra Pratap Singh, who became the first King of Orchha, (r. 1501-1531) and also built the Fort of Orchha.<ref>[.co.uk/personalisation/PHO000430S21U00011000 Mausoleum of Raja Rudra Pratap Singh ju Dev] British Library.</ref> He died in an attempt to save a cow from a lion. The ''Chaturbhuj Temple'' was built, during the time of [[Akbar]], by the Queen of Orchha,<ref>[http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000050S2U00134000 Orchha] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207053923/http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000050S2U00134000 |date=7 February 2009 }} British Library.</ref> while ''Raj Mandir'' was built by 'Madhukar Shah ju Dev' during his reign, 1554 to 1591.<ref>[http://www.uq.net.au/~zzhsoszy/ips/o/orchha.html Genealogy of Orchha]</ref><ref>[http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000002S4U00056000 Raj Mandir] [[British Library]].</ref> |
Orchha was founded in the 1501 AD,<ref>[http://tikamgarh.nic.in/tour.htm#orcha Orchha] [[Tikamgarh district]] Official website.</ref> by the [[Bundela]] chief, Rudra Pratap Singh, who became the first King of Orchha, (r. 1501-1531) and also built the Fort of Orchha.<ref>[.co.uk/personalisation/PHO000430S21U00011000 Mausoleum of Raja Rudra Pratap Singh ju Dev] British Library.</ref> He died in an attempt to save a cow from a lion. The ''Chaturbhuj Temple'' was built, during the time of [[Akbar]], by the Queen of Orchha,<ref>[http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000050S2U00134000 Orchha] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090207053923/http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000050S2U00134000 |date=7 February 2009 }} British Library.</ref> while ''Raj Mandir'' was built by 'Madhukar Shah ju Dev' during his reign, 1554 to 1591.<ref>[http://www.uq.net.au/~zzhsoszy/ips/o/orchha.html Genealogy of Orchha]</ref><ref>[http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000002S4U00056000 Raj Mandir] [[British Library]].</ref> |
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During the rule of [[Mughal Emperor]], [[Jahangir]], his ally, [[Vir Singh Deo]] (r. 1605-1627) reigned here, and it was during this period that Orchha reaches its height, and many extant palaces are a reminder of its architectural glory, including [[Jahangir Mahal, Orchha|Jahangir Mahal]] (b. ca 1605) and Sawan Bhadon.<ref>[http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000002S4U00055000 Swan Bhadon Palace, Orcha] [[British Library]].</ref> |
During the rule of [[Mughal Emperor]], [[Jahangir]], his ally, [[Vir Singh Deo]] (r. 1605-1627) reigned here, and it was during this period that Orchha reaches its height, and many extant palaces are a reminder of its architectural glory, including [[Jahangir Mahal, Orchha|Jahangir Mahal]] (b. ca 1605) and Sawan Bhadon.<ref>[http://www.collectbritain.co.uk/personalisation/object.cfm?uid=019PHO0000002S4U00055000 Swan Bhadon Palace, Orcha] [[British Library]].</ref> |
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In the early 17th century, [[Jhujhar Singh]] rebelled the Mughal emperor [[Shah Jahan]], whose armies devastated the state and occupied Orchha from 1635 to 1641. Orchha and Datia were the only Bundela states not subjugated by the [[Maratha]]s in the 18th century. The town of Tehri, now Tikamgarh, about {{convert|52|mi|km}} south of Orchha, became the capital of Orchha state in 1783, and is now the district town; Tehri was the site of the fort of Tikamgarh, and the town eventually took the name of the fort.<ref>[ |
In the early 17th century, [[Jhujhar Singh]] rebelled the Mughal emperor [[Shah Jahan]], whose armies devastated the state and occupied Orchha from 1635 to 1641. Orchha and Datia were the only Bundela states not subjugated by the [[Maratha]]s in the 18th century. The town of Tehri, now Tikamgarh, about {{convert|52|mi|km}} south of Orchha, became the capital of Orchha state in 1783, and is now the district town; Tehri was the site of the fort of Tikamgarh, and the town eventually took the name of the fort.<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V19_247.gif Orchha state] [[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]], 1909, v. 19, p. 241.</ref> |
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[[Image:Drapeau Orchha.png|thumb|Flag of princely state of Orchha, Tikamgarh]] |
[[Image:Drapeau Orchha.png|thumb|Flag of princely state of Orchha, Tikamgarh]] |
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Hamir Singh, who ruled from 1848 to 1874, was elevated to the style of Maharaja in 1865. Maharaja Pratap Singh ju Dev (born 1854, died 1930), who succeeded to the throne in 1874, devoted himself entirely to the development of his state, himself designing most of the engineering and irrigation works that were executed during his reign. |
Hamir Singh, who ruled from 1848 to 1874, was elevated to the style of Maharaja in 1865. Maharaja Pratap Singh ju Dev (born 1854, died 1930), who succeeded to the throne in 1874, devoted himself entirely to the development of his state, himself designing most of the engineering and irrigation works that were executed during his reign. |
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In 1901, the state had an area of {{convert|2000|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}}, and population of 52,634. It was the oldest and highest in rank of all the Bundela states, with a 17-gun salute, and its Maharajas bore the hereditary title of First of the Prince of [[Bundelkhand]]. Vir Singh, Pratap Singh's successor, merged his state with |
In 1901, the state had an area of {{convert|2000|sqmi|km2|abbr=on}}, and population of 52,634. It was the oldest and highest in rank of all the Bundela states, with a 17-gun salute, and its Maharajas bore the hereditary title of First of the Prince of [[Bundelkhand]]. Vir Singh, Pratap Singh's successor, merged his state with India on 1 January 1950. The district became part of [[Vindhya Pradesh]] state, which was merged into [[Madhya Pradesh]] state in 1956. |
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Today Orchha is almost a nondescript town with a small population, and its importance is maintained only due to its rich architectural heritage and tourism. However the name of the [[Orchha State]] continued to be in use, as can be seen in the inscriptions of Jain tirth [[Paporaji]], now on the outskirts of Tikamgarh.<ref>Papaura Darshan, Pt. Vimal Kumar Shastri, Shri Digambar jain Atishya Kshetra Papaura ji, Tikamgarh, 2014.</ref> |
Today Orchha is almost a nondescript town with a small population, and its importance is maintained only due to its rich architectural heritage and tourism. However the name of the [[Orchha State]] continued to be in use, as can be seen in the inscriptions of Jain tirth [[Paporaji]], now on the outskirts of Tikamgarh.<ref>Papaura Darshan, Pt. Vimal Kumar Shastri, Shri Digambar jain Atishya Kshetra Papaura ji, Tikamgarh, 2014.</ref> |
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Janaki temple popularly known as the '''Nau Lakha Mandir''' (meaning "nine lakhs") in Nepal. The cost for the construction of the temple was about the same amount of money: rupees nine lakhs or nine hundred thousand, hence the name. Queen Vrisha Bhanu of |
Janaki temple popularly known as the '''Nau Lakha Mandir''' (meaning "nine lakhs") in Nepal. The cost for the construction of the temple was about the same amount of money: rupees nine lakhs or nine hundred thousand, hence the name. Queen Vrisha Bhanu of Tikamgarh, India built the temple in 1910 AD. |
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[[File:Aharji.jpg|thumb|Aharji |
[[File:Aharji.jpg|thumb|[[Aharji Jain Teerth]] ]] |
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In the reign of Jehangir, in 1618, [[Vir Singh Deo|Raja Veer Singh Deva]] Bundela of [[Orchha State|Orchha]] had built Keshavdeva temple at the cost of thirty-three lakhs in Mathura. A French traveller [[Jean-Baptiste Tavernier|Tavernier]] visited Mathura in 1650 and had described the octagonal temple built in red sandstone. Italian traveller [[Niccolao Manucci]] who worked in Mughal court has also described the temple. Mughal prince [[Dara Shukoh|Dara Shikoh]] had patronised the temple and donated a railing to the temple. The railing was removed Mathura governor Abdun Nabi Khan on the order of Mughal emperor [[Aurangzeb]] and he built Jama mosque on the ruins of the Hindu temples. During the Jat rebellion in Mathura, Abdul Nabi Khan was killed in 1669. Aurangzeb attacked Mathura and destroyed that Keshavdeva temple in 1670 and built Shahi Eidgah in its place. |
In the reign of Jehangir, in 1618, [[Vir Singh Deo|Raja Veer Singh Deva]] Bundela of [[Orchha State|Orchha]] had built Keshavdeva temple at the cost of thirty-three lakhs in Mathura. A French traveller [[Jean-Baptiste Tavernier|Tavernier]] visited Mathura in 1650 and had described the octagonal temple built in red sandstone. Italian traveller [[Niccolao Manucci]] who worked in Mughal court has also described the temple. Mughal prince [[Dara Shukoh|Dara Shikoh]] had patronised the temple and donated a railing to the temple. The railing was removed by Mathura governor Abdun Nabi Khan on the order of Mughal emperor [[Aurangzeb]] and he built Jama mosque on the ruins of the Hindu temples. During the Jat rebellion in Mathura, Abdul Nabi Khan was killed in 1669. Aurangzeb attacked Mathura and destroyed that Keshavdeva temple in 1670 and built Shahi Eidgah in its place. |
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<gallery mode="packed" widths="140" heights="140"> |
<gallery mode="packed" widths="140" heights="140"> |
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File:Ram Janaki -Holi 060315 MG 38520280.jpg|Janaki temple |
File:Ram Janaki -Holi 060315 MG 38520280.jpg|Janaki temple |
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File:Interior View of Janaki Temple, Janakpur-September 22, 2016-IMG 7454.jpg|interior view of Janaki temple |
File:Interior View of Janaki Temple, Janakpur-September 22, 2016-IMG 7454.jpg|interior view of Janaki temple |
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</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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==Climate== |
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{{Weather box |
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| location = Tikamgarh (1981–2010, extremes 1968–present) |
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| metric first = yes |
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| single line = yes |
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| Jan record high C = 36.2 |
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| Feb record high C = 37.5 |
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| Mar record high C = 42.0 |
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| Apr record high C = 47.1 |
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| May record high C = 47.5 |
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| Jun record high C = 46.6 |
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| Jul record high C = 45.0 |
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| Aug record high C = 41.0 |
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| Sep record high C = 39.0 |
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| Oct record high C = 38.3 |
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| Nov record high C = 36.1 |
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| Dec record high C = 33.3 |
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| year record high C = 47.5 |
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| Jan high C = 24.8 |
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| Feb high C = 27.8 |
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| Mar high C = 33.7 |
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| Apr high C = 38.9 |
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| May high C = 41.9 |
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| Jun high C = 40.0 |
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| Jul high C = 33.7 |
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| Aug high C = 31.9 |
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| Sep high C = 32.7 |
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| Oct high C = 33.2 |
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| Nov high C = 30.1 |
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| Dec high C = 26.3 |
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| year high C = 32.9 |
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| Jan low C = 7.6 |
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| Feb low C = 10.1 |
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| Mar low C = 15.2 |
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| Apr low C = 20.8 |
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| May low C = 24.6 |
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| Jun low C = 25.6 |
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| Jul low C = 23.9 |
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| Aug low C = 23.7 |
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| Sep low C = 23.1 |
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| Oct low C = 18.0 |
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| Nov low C = 12.0 |
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| Dec low C = 8.5 |
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| year low C = 17.8 |
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| Jan record low C = 0.2 |
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| Feb record low C = 0.5 |
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| Mar record low C = 5.0 |
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| Apr record low C = 7.6 |
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| May record low C = 11.6 |
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| Jun record low C = 16.0 |
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| Jul record low C = 16.0 |
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| Aug record low C = 16.0 |
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| Sep record low C = 8.0 |
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| Oct record low C = 10.0 |
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| Nov record low C = 3.2 |
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| Dec record low C = 0.0 |
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| year record low C = 0.0 |
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| rain colour = green |
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| Jan rain mm = 11.5 |
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| Feb rain mm = 9.2 |
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| Mar rain mm = 6.6 |
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| Apr rain mm = 1.7 |
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| May rain mm = 5.6 |
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| Jun rain mm = 65.7 |
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| Jul rain mm = 277.4 |
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| Aug rain mm = 225.5 |
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| Sep rain mm = 150.8 |
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| Oct rain mm = 29.9 |
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| Nov rain mm = 5.2 |
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| Dec rain mm = 2.8 |
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| year rain mm = 792.0 |
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| Jan rain days = 0.6 |
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| Feb rain days = 1.0 |
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| Mar rain days = 0.8 |
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| Apr rain days = 0.2 |
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| May rain days = 0.9 |
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| Jun rain days = 3.8 |
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| Jul rain days = 10.8 |
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| Aug rain days = 10.3 |
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| Sep rain days = 6.5 |
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| Oct rain days = 0.9 |
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| Nov rain days = 0.4 |
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| Dec rain days = 0.4 |
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| year rain days = 36.5 |
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| time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]] |
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| Jan humidity = 65 |
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| Feb humidity = 60 |
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| Mar humidity = 55 |
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| Apr humidity = 41 |
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| May humidity = 41 |
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| Jun humidity = 51 |
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| Jul humidity = 72 |
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| Aug humidity = 77 |
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| Sep humidity = 75 |
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| Oct humidity = 65 |
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| Nov humidity = 62 |
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| Dec humidity = 62 |
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| year humidity = 60 |
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|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals> |
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{{cite web |
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| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf |
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| archive-date = 5 February 2020 |
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| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf |
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| title = Station: Tikamgarh Climatological Table 1981–2010 |
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| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010 |
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| publisher = India Meteorological Department |
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| date = January 2015 |
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| pages = 741–742 |
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| access-date = 6 January 2021}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes> |
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{{cite web |
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| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf |
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| archive-date = 5 February 2020 |
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| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf |
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| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012) |
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| publisher = India Meteorological Department |
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| date = December 2016 |
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| page = M133 |
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| access-date = 6 January 2021}}</ref> |
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}} |
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==Demographics== |
==Demographics== |
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As per [[2011 Indian Census]], Tikamgarh has a population of 79,106, of which 41,399 are males and 37,707 are females. Population in the age range of 0 to 6 years is 9,376. It has an average literacy rate of 74.9%, with male literacy of 79.2% and 70.3% female literacy. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Tikamgarh was 85.0%, of which male literacy rate was 90.0% and female literacy rate was 79.6%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 11,779 and 1,424 respectively. Tikamgarh had 14587 household in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Tikamgarh |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=511798 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in | |
As per [[2011 Indian Census]], Tikamgarh has a population of 79,106, of which 41,399 are males and 37,707 are females. Population in the age range of 0 to 6 years is 9,376. It has an average literacy rate of 74.9%, with male literacy of 79.2% and 70.3% female literacy. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Tikamgarh was 85.0%, of which male literacy rate was 90.0% and female literacy rate was 79.6%. The [[Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes]] population was 11,779 and 1,424 respectively. Tikamgarh had 14587 household in 2011.<ref name="Census2011Gov">{{cite web |title=Census of India: Tikamgarh |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=511798 |website=www.censusindia.gov.in |access-date=23 November 2019}}</ref> |
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==Administration== |
==Administration== |
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Tikamgarh is a Municipality city in district, Tikamgarh city is divided into 27 wards for which elections are held every 5 year. |
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Tikamgarh has 27 [[Ward (electoral subdivision)|wards]]. |
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Tikamgarh Municipality has total administration over 14,587 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage. |
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==Industry== |
==Industry== |
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Tikamgarh has emerged as a major center for brass statues.<ref>[http://epaper.bhaskar.com/detail/1358384/11205734937/mpcg/map/tabs-1/11-20-2017/167/7/image/ Tikamgarh ki Pital ki Anuthi] Shailendra Dvivedi, Bhaskar Sagar, 20 November 2017</ref><ref>[https://www.patrika.com/news/tikamgarh/bronze-brass-s-unique-workmanship-1615411/ चमकेगी पीतल की अनूठी कारीगरी], Patrika, 5 July 2017</ref> While the metalcrafting tradition in small towns has decline with the emergence of major trade centers. the tradition of casting bronze statues was established by Bhainalal Soni in 1950s, who traditionally made silver ornaments in the local style. The President of Indian has awarded Harish Soni and Dhaniran Soni for their |
Tikamgarh has emerged as a major center for brass statues.<ref>[http://epaper.bhaskar.com/detail/1358384/11205734937/mpcg/map/tabs-1/11-20-2017/167/7/image/ Tikamgarh ki Pital ki Anuthi] Shailendra Dvivedi, Bhaskar Sagar, 20 November 2017</ref><ref>[https://www.patrika.com/news/tikamgarh/bronze-brass-s-unique-workmanship-1615411/ चमकेगी पीतल की अनूठी कारीगरी], Patrika, 5 July 2017</ref> While the metalcrafting tradition in small towns has decline with the emergence of major trade centers. the tradition of casting bronze statues was established by Bhainalal Soni in 1950s, who traditionally made silver ornaments in the local style. The President of Indian has awarded Harish Soni and Dhaniran Soni for their craftsmanship.<ref>[https://www.bhaskar.com/news/MP-CHHT-MAT-latest-chhatarpur-news-060502-3150929-NOR.html राष्ट्रीय क्राफ्ट बाजार में होती है टीकमगढ़ में बनी पीतल की मूर्तियाें की डिमांड] Bhaskar News Network, 7 August 2017</ref> |
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==Transportation== |
==Transportation== |
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| Line 115: | Line 236: | ||
* There are daily service of buses for every part of state. |
* There are daily service of buses for every part of state. |
||
*Highways Passing from Tikamgarh Are, NH-12A, SH-37, SH-10. |
*Highways Passing from Tikamgarh Are, NH-12A, SH-37, SH-10. |
||
* Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Bus Stand Daily service of Buses for [[New Delhi]], [[Lalitpur, India|Lalitpur]], [[Nagpur]], [[Kanpur]], [[Indore]], [[Bhopal]], [[Jhansi]], [[Gwalior]], [[Jabalpur]] are also there. |
* Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Bus Stand Daily service of Buses for [[New Delhi]], [[Lalitpur, India|Lalitpur]], [[Nagpur]], [[Kanpur]], [[Indore]], [[Bhopal]], [[Jhansi]], [[Gwalior]], [[Jabalpur]], [[Sagar, Madhya Pradesh|Sagar]] are also there. |
||
===Railways=== |
===Railways=== |
||
The construction of railway line to Tikamgarh has been completed in 2012.On 26 April 2013 was connected with railway services. The rail services begun from Lalitpur (Uttar Pradesh) to Tikamgarh and was started under the Lalitpur-Singrauli Rail Project. The first train to travel between the two stations was Tikamgarh-Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh) passenger train. The train was sanctioned between the two stations in the Rail Budget of |
The construction of railway line to Tikamgarh has been completed in 2012. On 26 April 2013 was connected with railway services. The rail services begun from Lalitpur (Uttar Pradesh) to Tikamgarh and was started under the Lalitpur-Singrauli Rail Project. The first train to travel between the two stations was Tikamgarh-Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh) passenger train. The train was sanctioned between the two stations in the Rail Budget of 2012–13. The railway line between Tikamgarh and Lalitpur rail route is 52 kilometre long. Union Minister Pradeep Jain flagged off the train at Lalitpur station. |
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===Airways=== |
===Airways=== |
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| Line 128: | Line 249: | ||
==Places of interest== |
==Places of interest== |
||
Places of interest within 10 km include:{{ |
Places of interest within 10 km include:{{citation needed|date=February 2019}} |
||
*[[Kundeshwar]] |
*[[Kundeshwar]] |
||
[[File:Kundeshwar temple.jpg|thumb|Kundeshwar Temple Tikamgarh ]]Famous temple of God Shiva |
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*[[Paporaji]] |
*[[Paporaji]] |
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<gallery mode="packed" widths="140" heights="140"> |
<gallery mode="packed" widths="140" heights="140"> |
||
File:River view at Kundeshwar,tikamgarh.jpg|River view at Kundeshwar, Tikamgarh |
File:River view at Kundeshwar,tikamgarh.jpg|River view at Kundeshwar, Tikamgarh |
||
File:Papauraji Bhoyra Idols.jpg|[[Chandella]] period idols of Lord Adinath belonging to 1145 AD in the underground chamber at [[Paporaji]] |
File:Papauraji Bhoyra Idols.jpg|[[Chandella]] period idols of Lord Adinath belonging to 1145 AD in the underground chamber at [[Paporaji]] |
||
File:18 ft tall idol of Lord Shantinath at ahaar ji near Tikamgarh(1180 ad).jpg| |
File:18 ft tall idol of Lord Shantinath at ahaar ji near Tikamgarh(1180 ad).jpg|{{convert|22|ft}} Shantinath idol at [[Aharji Jain Teerth|Aharji]], 12th century |
||
File:PaporaTemples.jpg|Digambar Jain Atishay kshetra Paporaji at sagar road near tikamgarh |
File:PaporaTemples.jpg|Digambar Jain Atishay kshetra Paporaji at [[Sagar District|sagar]] road near tikamgarh |
||
File:BangaloreLake.jpg|A view of Mahendra Sagar in Tikamgarh |
File:BangaloreLake.jpg|A view of Mahendra Sagar in Tikamgarh |
||
</gallery> |
</gallery> |
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| Line 141: | Line 263: | ||
==Education== |
==Education== |
||
Tikamgarh has many schools and colleges. |
Tikamgarh has many schools and colleges. |
||
* [http://mbsschool.in Bhagwan Mahaveer Baal Sanskar School] |
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* Maharishi Vidhya Mandir |
|||
* Hope Academy |
|||
* Angles Abode public school |
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* Saroj convent higher secondary school |
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* Pushpa higher secondary school |
|||
[[Image:An School in TKG at NH-12A.jpg|right|thumb|A School in Tikamgarh at NH-12A]] |
[[Image:An School in TKG at NH-12A.jpg|right|thumb|A School in Tikamgarh at NH-12A]] |
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| Line 146: | Line 276: | ||
Tikamgarh catches radio station of [[All India Radio]] (आकाशवाणी) under [[Prasar Bharati]] at '675 kHz from [[Chhatarpur]] & 92.7 Big FM from [[Jhansi]]. Tikamgarh has its own Doordarshan Kendra established in 2008. |
Tikamgarh catches radio station of [[All India Radio]] (आकाशवाणी) under [[Prasar Bharati]] at '675 kHz from [[Chhatarpur]] & 92.7 Big FM from [[Jhansi]]. Tikamgarh has its own Doordarshan Kendra established in 2008. |
||
==Notable people== |
== Notable people == |
||
* [[Asgari Bai]] |
* [[Asgari Bai]] |
||
* [[Uma Bharati]] |
* [[Uma Bharati]] |
||
* [[Keshavdas]] |
* [[Keshavdas]] |
||
* [[Mrinal Pande]] |
* [[Mrinal Pande]] |
||
* [[Rajendra Nath]], Noted Bollywood Hindi film Actor |
|||
* [[Virendra Kumar Khatik]], Indian politician |
|||
* [[Virendra Kumar Khatik]], [[Union Council of Ministers|Cabinet Minister]], [[Government of India]] for the [[Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment]] |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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| Line 165: | Line 296: | ||
==External links== |
==External links== |
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*{{Wikivoyage-inline}} |
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{{Sagar Division}} |
{{Sagar Division}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Tikamgarh]] |
[[Category:Tikamgarh| ]] |
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[[Category:Cities in Bundelkhand]] |
[[Category:Cities in Bundelkhand]] |
||
Latest revision as of 09:22, 24 November 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (March 2014) |
Tikamgarh | |
|---|---|
City | |
| Tikamgarh | |
 Govt PG college at Tikamgarh | |
  Tikamgarh Location in Madhya Pradesh, India  Tikamgarh Tikamgarh (India)  Tikamgarh Tikamgarh (Asia) | |
| Coordinates: 24°44′50″N 78°51′00″E / 24.74722°N 78.85000°E | |
| Country |  India |
| State | Madhya Pradesh |
| Region | Bundelkhand |
| Division | Sagar |
| District | Tikamgarh |
| Named for | Krishna as Tikam |
| Government | |
| • Body | Municipality |
| Area | |
• Total | 21 km2 (8 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 349.170 m (1,145.571 ft) |
| Population (2011)[1] | |
• Total | 79,106 |
| • Density | 3,800/km2 (9,800/sq mi) |
| Demonym | Bundelkhandi |
| Language | |
| • Official | Hindi[2] |
| Time zone | UTC+5:30 (IST) |
| PIN | 472001 (HPO) |
| Telephone code | 07683 |
| Vehicle registration | MP-36 |
| Sex ratio | 911[1] |
| Literacy | 74.9% |
| Distance from New Delhi | 500 kilometres (310 mi) N (land) |
| Website | tikamgarh |
Tikamgarh (also spelled as Tikamgadh)is a town and a tehsil in Tikamgarh district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.[1] The city serves as a district headquarters. The earlier name of Tikamgarh was Tehri (i.e., a triangle) consisting of three hamlets, forming a rough triangle. In Tikamgarh town there is locality still known as 'Purani Tehri' (Old Tehri). Until Indian independence in 1947, Tikamgarh, formerly called Tehri, was part of the kingdom of Orchha, which was founded in the 16th century by the Bundeli chief Rudra Pratap Singh, who became the first King of Orchha. In 1783 the capital of the state was moved to Tehri, about 40 miles (64 km) south of Orchha, which was home to the fort of Tikamgarh, and the town eventually took the name of the fort. The district is famous for the old fort of Kundar known as Garh Kundar, which was built by Khangars and remained the capital of Khangar rulers from 1180 to 1347.
Origin of the name
[edit]The district is named after its headquarter, Tikamgarh. The original name of the town was Tehri. In 1780, the ruler of Orchha Vikramajit (1776–1817) shifted his capital from Orchha to Tehri and renamed it Tikamgarh (Tikam is one of the names of Krishna) Because Raja Vikramajit Is A Devotie Of Lord Krishna.[3]
History
[edit]The area covered by this district was part of the Princely State of Orchha till its merger with the Indian Union. The Orchha state was founded by Rudra Pratap in 1501. After merger, it became one of the eight districts of Vindhya Pradesh state in 1948. Following the reorganisation of states on 1 November 1956 it became a district of the newly carved Madhya Pradesh
Orchha was founded in the 1501 AD,[4] by the Bundela chief, Rudra Pratap Singh, who became the first King of Orchha, (r. 1501-1531) and also built the Fort of Orchha.[5] He died in an attempt to save a cow from a lion. The Chaturbhuj Temple was built, during the time of Akbar, by the Queen of Orchha,[6] while Raj Mandir was built by 'Madhukar Shah ju Dev' during his reign, 1554 to 1591.[7][8]
During the rule of Mughal Emperor, Jahangir, his ally, Vir Singh Deo (r. 1605-1627) reigned here, and it was during this period that Orchha reaches its height, and many extant palaces are a reminder of its architectural glory, including Jahangir Mahal (b. ca 1605) and Sawan Bhadon.[9]
In the early 17th century, Jhujhar Singh rebelled the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan, whose armies devastated the state and occupied Orchha from 1635 to 1641. Orchha and Datia were the only Bundela states not subjugated by the Marathas in the 18th century. The town of Tehri, now Tikamgarh, about 52 miles (84 km) south of Orchha, became the capital of Orchha state in 1783, and is now the district town; Tehri was the site of the fort of Tikamgarh, and the town eventually took the name of the fort.[10]
Hamir Singh, who ruled from 1848 to 1874, was elevated to the style of Maharaja in 1865. Maharaja Pratap Singh ju Dev (born 1854, died 1930), who succeeded to the throne in 1874, devoted himself entirely to the development of his state, himself designing most of the engineering and irrigation works that were executed during his reign. In 1901, the state had an area of 2,000 sq mi (5,200 km2), and population of 52,634. It was the oldest and highest in rank of all the Bundela states, with a 17-gun salute, and its Maharajas bore the hereditary title of First of the Prince of Bundelkhand. Vir Singh, Pratap Singh's successor, merged his state with India on 1 January 1950. The district became part of Vindhya Pradesh state, which was merged into Madhya Pradesh state in 1956.
Today Orchha is almost a nondescript town with a small population, and its importance is maintained only due to its rich architectural heritage and tourism. However the name of the Orchha State continued to be in use, as can be seen in the inscriptions of Jain tirth Paporaji, now on the outskirts of Tikamgarh.[11]
Janaki temple popularly known as the Nau Lakha Mandir (meaning "nine lakhs") in Nepal. The cost for the construction of the temple was about the same amount of money: rupees nine lakhs or nine hundred thousand, hence the name. Queen Vrisha Bhanu of Tikamgarh, India built the temple in 1910 AD.
In the reign of Jehangir, in 1618, Raja Veer Singh Deva Bundela of Orchha had built Keshavdeva temple at the cost of thirty-three lakhs in Mathura. A French traveller Tavernier visited Mathura in 1650 and had described the octagonal temple built in red sandstone. Italian traveller Niccolao Manucci who worked in Mughal court has also described the temple. Mughal prince Dara Shikoh had patronised the temple and donated a railing to the temple. The railing was removed by Mathura governor Abdun Nabi Khan on the order of Mughal emperor Aurangzeb and he built Jama mosque on the ruins of the Hindu temples. During the Jat rebellion in Mathura, Abdul Nabi Khan was killed in 1669. Aurangzeb attacked Mathura and destroyed that Keshavdeva temple in 1670 and built Shahi Eidgah in its place.
-
Janaki temple -
interior view of Janaki temple
Climate
[edit]| Climate data for Tikamgarh (1981–2010, extremes 1968–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.2 (97.2) |
37.5 (99.5) |
42.0 (107.6) |
47.1 (116.8) |
47.5 (117.5) |
46.6 (115.9) |
45.0 (113.0) |
41.0 (105.8) |
39.0 (102.2) |
38.3 (100.9) |
36.1 (97.0) |
33.3 (91.9) |
47.5 (117.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 24.8 (76.6) |
27.8 (82.0) |
33.7 (92.7) |
38.9 (102.0) |
41.9 (107.4) |
40.0 (104.0) |
33.7 (92.7) |
31.9 (89.4) |
32.7 (90.9) |
33.2 (91.8) |
30.1 (86.2) |
26.3 (79.3) |
32.9 (91.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
10.1 (50.2) |
15.2 (59.4) |
20.8 (69.4) |
24.6 (76.3) |
25.6 (78.1) |
23.9 (75.0) |
23.7 (74.7) |
23.1 (73.6) |
18.0 (64.4) |
12.0 (53.6) |
8.5 (47.3) |
17.8 (64.0) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 0.2 (32.4) |
0.5 (32.9) |
5.0 (41.0) |
7.6 (45.7) |
11.6 (52.9) |
16.0 (60.8) |
16.0 (60.8) |
16.0 (60.8) |
8.0 (46.4) |
10.0 (50.0) |
3.2 (37.8) |
0.0 (32.0) |
0.0 (32.0) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 11.5 (0.45) |
9.2 (0.36) |
6.6 (0.26) |
1.7 (0.07) |
5.6 (0.22) |
65.7 (2.59) |
277.4 (10.92) |
225.5 (8.88) |
150.8 (5.94) |
29.9 (1.18) |
5.2 (0.20) |
2.8 (0.11) |
792.0 (31.18) |
| Average rainy days | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.2 | 0.9 | 3.8 | 10.8 | 10.3 | 6.5 | 0.9 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 36.5 |
| Average relative humidity (%) (at 17:30 IST) | 65 | 60 | 55 | 41 | 41 | 51 | 72 | 77 | 75 | 65 | 62 | 62 | 60 |
| Source: India Meteorological Department[12][13] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
[edit]As per 2011 Indian Census, Tikamgarh has a population of 79,106, of which 41,399 are males and 37,707 are females. Population in the age range of 0 to 6 years is 9,376. It has an average literacy rate of 74.9%, with male literacy of 79.2% and 70.3% female literacy. The effective literacy rate of 7+ population of Tikamgarh was 85.0%, of which male literacy rate was 90.0% and female literacy rate was 79.6%. The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population was 11,779 and 1,424 respectively. Tikamgarh had 14587 household in 2011.[1]
Administration
[edit]Tikamgarh is a Municipality city in district, Tikamgarh city is divided into 27 wards for which elections are held every 5 year. Tikamgarh Municipality has total administration over 14,587 houses to which it supplies basic amenities like water and sewerage.
Industry
[edit]Tikamgarh has emerged as a major center for brass statues.[14][15] While the metalcrafting tradition in small towns has decline with the emergence of major trade centers. the tradition of casting bronze statues was established by Bhainalal Soni in 1950s, who traditionally made silver ornaments in the local style. The President of Indian has awarded Harish Soni and Dhaniran Soni for their craftsmanship.[16]
Transportation
[edit]Roads
[edit]
- About 20,000 of vehicles are running on Tikamgarh city roads including light and heavy vehicles.
- There are daily service of buses for every part of state.
- Highways Passing from Tikamgarh Are, NH-12A, SH-37, SH-10.
- Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Bus Stand Daily service of Buses for New Delhi, Lalitpur, Nagpur, Kanpur, Indore, Bhopal, Jhansi, Gwalior, Jabalpur, Sagar are also there.
Railways
[edit]The construction of railway line to Tikamgarh has been completed in 2012. On 26 April 2013 was connected with railway services. The rail services begun from Lalitpur (Uttar Pradesh) to Tikamgarh and was started under the Lalitpur-Singrauli Rail Project. The first train to travel between the two stations was Tikamgarh-Jhansi (Uttar Pradesh) passenger train. The train was sanctioned between the two stations in the Rail Budget of 2012–13. The railway line between Tikamgarh and Lalitpur rail route is 52 kilometre long. Union Minister Pradeep Jain flagged off the train at Lalitpur station.
Airways
[edit]Khajuraho is the nearest (125 km) airport from where daily flights operate for Delhi and Agra.
-
Half view Of Bus Stand (Tikamgarh) -
Tikamgarh Railway Station
.jpg)
Places of interest
[edit]Places of interest within 10 km include:[citation needed]
Famous temple of God Shiva
-
River view at Kundeshwar, Tikamgarh -
-
22 feet (6.7 m) Shantinath idol at Aharji, 12th century -
Digambar Jain Atishay kshetra Paporaji at sagar road near tikamgarh -
A view of Mahendra Sagar in Tikamgarh
.jpg)
Education
[edit]Tikamgarh has many schools and colleges.
- Bhagwan Mahaveer Baal Sanskar School
- Maharishi Vidhya Mandir
- Hope Academy
- Angles Abode public school
- Saroj convent higher secondary school
- Pushpa higher secondary school
Radio and television station
[edit]Tikamgarh catches radio station of All India Radio (आकाशवाणी) under Prasar Bharati at '675 kHz from Chhatarpur & 92.7 Big FM from Jhansi. Tikamgarh has its own Doordarshan Kendra established in 2008.
Notable people
[edit]- Asgari Bai
- Uma Bharati
- Keshavdas
- Mrinal Pande
- Rajendra Nath, Noted Bollywood Hindi film Actor
- Virendra Kumar Khatik, Cabinet Minister, Government of India for the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d "Census of India: Tikamgarh". www.censusindia.gov.in. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
- ^ "52nd Report of the Commissioner for Linguistic Minorities in India" (PDF). nclm.nic.in. Ministry of Minority Affairs. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 17 June 2019.
- ^ "Tikamgarh - General Information". Retrieved on 7 May 2015.
- ^ Orchha Tikamgarh district Official website.
- ^ [.co.uk/personalisation/PHO000430S21U00011000 Mausoleum of Raja Rudra Pratap Singh ju Dev] British Library.
- ^ Orchha Archived 7 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine British Library.
- ^ Genealogy of Orchha
- ^ Raj Mandir British Library.
- ^ Swan Bhadon Palace, Orcha British Library.
- ^ Orchha state The Imperial Gazetteer of India, 1909, v. 19, p. 241.
- ^ Papaura Darshan, Pt. Vimal Kumar Shastri, Shri Digambar jain Atishya Kshetra Papaura ji, Tikamgarh, 2014.
- ^ "Station: Tikamgarh Climatological Table 1981–2010" (PDF). Climatological Normals 1981–2010. India Meteorological Department. January 2015. pp. 741–742. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ^ "Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)" (PDF). India Meteorological Department. December 2016. p. M133. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
- ^ Tikamgarh ki Pital ki Anuthi Shailendra Dvivedi, Bhaskar Sagar, 20 November 2017
- ^ चमकेगी पीतल की अनूठी कारीगरी, Patrika, 5 July 2017
- ^ राष्ट्रीय क्राफ्ट बाजार में होती है टीकमगढ़ में बनी पीतल की मूर्तियाें की डिमांड Bhaskar News Network, 7 August 2017
External links
[edit]
Tikamgarh travel guide from Wikivoyage
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
