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{{Short description|Emirati politician and writer (born 1946)}}
{{Third-party|date=October 2020}}
{{Third-party|date=October 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Mana Saeed Al Otaiba
| name = Mana Saeed Al Otaiba
| residence =
| residence =
| other_names = Mani Said Al Utaybah, الدكتور مانع سعيد العتيبة
| other_names = Mana Saeed Al Otaiba Al Marar, الدكتور مانع سعيد العتيبة المرر
| image = Man3S3eed.jpg
| image = Man3S3eed.jpg
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| caption = Al Otaiba in 1997
| office = 14th [[Secretary General of OPEC]]<br />({{small|as President of [[OPEC]]}})
⚫
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1946|5|15}}
| term_start = 19 July 1983
⚫
| birth_place = [[Abu Dhabi]], [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]]
| term_end = 31 December 1983
| death_date =
| predecessor1 = [[Marc Saturnin Nan Nguema]]
| death_place =
| successor1 = [[Kamel Maghur|Kamel Hassan Maghur]]
| death_cause =
⚫
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=y|1946|05|15}}
⚫
| known =
⚫
| birth_place = [[Abu Dhabi]], [[United Arab Emirates|UAE]]
⚫
| occupation = Politician, economist, businessman, poet, novelist
| salary =
| death_date =
| term =
| death_place =
| predecessor =
| death_cause =
| successor =
| known =
⚫
| occupation = Politician, economist, businessman, poet, novelist
⚫
| party =
| boards =
| salary =
| spouse =
| term =
| partner =
| predecessor =
⚫
| successor =
⚫
| relations =[[Yousef Al Otaiba]] (son)
| website =
| party =
| footnotes =
| boards =
| employer =
| spouse =
| height =
| partner =
⚫
| relations = [[Yousef Al Otaiba]] (son), [[Hend Al Otaiba]] (daughter)
⚫
| weight =
⚫
| website =
| footnotes =
| employer =
| height =
⚫
| weight =
| native_name_lang = ar
| native_name = {{nobold|مانع العتيبة}}
}}
}}


'''Mana Al Otaiba''' ({{lang-ar|مانع العتيبه}}) was born on 15 May 1946 to [[Saeed Al Otaiba]] in [[Abu Dhabi]] in the [[United Arab Emirates]]. Al Otaiba is the former Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources of the United Arab Emirates under the presidency of [[Sheikh]] [[Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/02/business/emirates-raise-oil-price-by-3.html|title=Emirates Raise Oil Price by $3|date=2 February 1981|via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> Al Otaiba then became his Personal Adviser until the president's death, after which he became the Private Advisor to Sheikh [[Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan]] ,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ameinfo.com/94172.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=15 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165242/http://www.ameinfo.com/94172.html |archivedate=30 September 2007 }}</ref> as well as a member of the Royal Moroccan Academy under [[King Hassan II]].
'''Mana Al Otaiba''' ({{langx|ar|مانع العتيبة}}; born 15 May 1946 in [[Abu Dhabi]], [[United Arab Emirates]]), son of [[Saeed Al Otaiba]], is the former Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources of the United Arab Emirates under the presidency of [[Sheikh]] [[Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1981/02/02/business/emirates-raise-oil-price-by-3.html|title=Emirates Raise Oil Price by $3|newspaper=The New York Times |date=2 February 1981}}</ref> Al Otaiba then became his Personal Adviser until the president's death, after which he became the Private Advisor to Sheikh [[Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ameinfo.com/94172.html |title=H.E. Dr. Al Otaiba registers for ID Card Program &#124; Emirates Identity Authority (EIDA) |access-date=15 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930165242/http://www.ameinfo.com/94172.html |archive-date=30 September 2007 }}</ref> as well as a member of the Royal Moroccan Academy under [[King Hassan II]].


==Education==
==Biography==
⚫
Mana Al Otaiba served as President of [[OPEC]] six times, for its 26th, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 62nd and 63rd conferences, held during 1971–1983.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.opec.org/library/General%20Information/pdf/geninfo.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=15 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714102831/http://www.opec.org/library/General%20Information/pdf/geninfo.pdf |archive-date=14 July 2007 }}</ref>
*Masters (MA) degree that examined the Organisation of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) from the Department of Economics and Political Science at Cairo University, Egypt.
*Ph.D in the subject of Oil and the UAE Economy, obtained with Honors and a First Degree Distinction from Cairo University, Egypt.
*Ph.D in Arabic Literature, titled Arabism in the Arabic Poetry from the University of Mohammed Bin Abdulla in Fes, Morocco.
*Honorary Doctorate in International Law from Keio University, Japan.
*Honorary Doctorate in General Law from University of Manila, Philippines.
*Honorary Doctorate in Economic Philosophy from University of South California Bel Air, California, USA.
*Honorary Doctorate in Economics from University of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
*Honorary Doctorate in recognition of being the spiritual father of the UAE poetry and in his special status with the late Sheikh Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan from the University of the Markazu Saquafathi Sunniyya in Kerala, Indian.
*Honorary Doctorate in deepening intercultural dialogue, promoting tolerance and resolving regional and global issues by peaceful means from University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy where he also obtained the rank of Professor.


⚫
Al Otaiba is the former chair of [[Noor Capital]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.noorcapitaluae.com/?s=section&sectionID=5 |title=Noor Capital UAE |access-date=15 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927214413/http://www.noorcapitaluae.com/?s=section&sectionID=5 |archive-date=27 September 2007 }}</ref> a firm dealing in asset management, private equity, investment banking, investment placement and direct equity. He is also a major shareholder in [[Abu Dhabi Group]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Dhabi Group (Dhabi Holding), UAE - Company Information, Key People, Latest News and Contact Details - ZAWYA MENA Edition |url=https://www.zawya.com/mena/en/company/Dhabi_Group-1000838/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210211151448/https://www.zawya.com/mena/en/company/Dhabi_Group-1000838/ |archive-date=2021-02-11 |website=www.zawya.com}}</ref> a company with holdings in real estate, banking, Islamic banking, telecommunication, ISP, manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, hotels and tourism, as well as being a major shareholder in [[Etisalat]]. Al Otaiba is the owner of the Royal Mirage Hotels in [[Morocco]] (formerly part of [[Sheraton Hotels and Resorts]]), The Royal Mirage Marrakech Deluxe, the Royal Mirage Fes, and the Royal Mirage Agadir.<ref>http://www.galileo.co.ae/Morepress.html{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
==Politics==
⚫
Mana Al Otaiba served as President of [[OPEC]] six times, for its 26th, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 62nd and 63rd conferences, held during 1971–1983.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.opec.org/library/General%20Information/pdf/geninfo.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=15 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070714102831/http://www.opec.org/library/General%20Information/pdf/geninfo.pdf |archivedate=14 July 2007 }}</ref>


⚫
Al Otaiba has published more than 135 poetry books,{{cn|date=October 2020}} written in colloquial Arabic, formal Arabic, and English. His writing was renowned even before the unification of the Emirates in 1972.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.gulfnews.com/uae/sharjah/more_stories/34543.html |title=Gulfnews: Nurturing culture |access-date=15 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070907153443/http://archive.gulfnews.com/uae/sharjah/more_stories/34543.html |archive-date=7 September 2007 }}</ref> Al Otaiba has written novels (including ''Karima'', which became the basis for a television series)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foldedup.com/ps-media-exclusive-media-representative/karima|title=KARIMA &#124; FoldedUp|website=www.foldedup.com}}</ref> and several non-fiction books including ''Essays on Petroleum'', ''The Petroleum Concession Agreements'', and ''OPEC and the Petroleum Industry''. He has been awarded several honorary doctorates, including a Doctorate of Law from [[Keio University]] in Japan,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/english/keio_in_depth/keio_view/004.html |title=Keio University |publisher=Keio.ac.jp |access-date=2020-02-05}}</ref> a Doctorate of Law from the [[University of Manila]] in the Philippines,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://furat.alwehda.gov.sy/_archive.asp?FileName=98906555420070826012120 |title=مانع سعيد العتيبة .... الشاعر الذي يكتب بريشة الفنان |access-date=9 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526053237/http://furat.alwehda.gov.sy/_archive.asp?FileName=98906555420070826012120 |archive-date=26 May 2011 }}</ref> and a Doctorate of Economics from the [[University of São Paulo]] in Brazil.{{cn|date=October 2020}}
==Business==
⚫
Al Otaiba is the former chair of [[Noor Capital]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.noorcapitaluae.com/?s=section&sectionID=5 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=15 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927214413/http://www.noorcapitaluae.com/?s=section&sectionID=5 |archivedate=27 September 2007 }}</ref> a firm dealing in asset management, private equity, investment banking, investment placement and direct equity. He is also a major shareholder in [[Abu Dhabi Group]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.zawya.com/mena/en/company/Dhabi_Group-1000838/|title=Dhabi Group (Dhabi Holding), UAE - Company Information, Key People, Latest News and Contact Details - ZAWYA MENA Edition|website=www.zawya.com}}</ref> a company with holdings in real estate, banking, Islamic banking, telecommunication, ISP, manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, hotels and tourism, as well as being a major shareholder in [[Etisalat]]. Al Otaiba is the owner of the Royal Mirage Hotels in [[Morocco]] (formerly part of [[Sheraton Hotels and Resorts]]), The Royal Mirage Marrakech Deluxe, the Royal Mirage Fes, and the Royal Mirage Agadir.<ref>http://www.galileo.co.ae/Morepress.html{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>

==Culture==
⚫
Al Otaiba has published more than 135 poetry books,{{cn|date=October 2020}} written in colloquial Arabic, formal Arabic, and English. His writing was renowned even before the unification of the Emirates in 1972.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.gulfnews.com/uae/sharjah/more_stories/34543.html |title=Archived copy |accessdate=15 August 2007 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070907153443/http://archive.gulfnews.com/uae/sharjah/more_stories/34543.html |archivedate=7 September 2007 }}</ref> Al Otaiba has written novels (including ''Karima'', which became the basis for a television series)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foldedup.com/ps-media-exclusive-media-representative/karima|title=KARIMA &#124; FoldedUp|website=www.foldedup.com}}</ref> and several non-fiction books including ''Essays on Petroleum'', ''The Petroleum Concession Agreements'', and ''OPEC and the Petroleum Industry''. He has been awarded several honorary doctorates, including a Doctorate of Law from [[Keio University]] in Japan,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.keio.ac.jp/english/keio_in_depth/keio_view/004.html |title=Keio University |publisher=Keio.ac.jp |date= |accessdate=2020-02-05}}</ref> a Doctorate of Law from the [[University of Manila]] in the Philippines,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://furat.alwehda.gov.sy/_archive.asp?FileName=98906555420070826012120 |title=Archived copy |accessdate=9 May 2008 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110526053237/http://furat.alwehda.gov.sy/_archive.asp?FileName=98906555420070826012120 |archivedate=26 May 2011 }}</ref> and a Doctorate of Economics from the [[University of São Paulo]] in Brazil.{{cn|date=October 2020}}


==Books==
==Books==
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=1971 |title=The Economy of Abu Dhabi, Ancient and Modern |publisher=Beirut, Commercial and Industrial Press |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=1971 |title=The Economy of Abu Dhabi, Ancient and Modern |publisher=Beirut, Commercial and Industrial Press }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=The Planning Council in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=The Planning Council in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=The OPEC Organisation |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=The OPEC Organisation }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=1975 |title=OPEC and the Petroleum Industry |publisher= Croom Helm|language=En |isbn=978-0856642623}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=1975 |title=OPEC and the Petroleum Industry |publisher= Croom Helm|language=En |isbn=978-0856642623}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed|year=1977 |title=Petroleum and the Economy of the United Arab Emirates |publisher= Croom Helm |language=En |isbn= 978-0856645198}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed|year=1977 |title=Petroleum and the Economy of the United Arab Emirates |publisher= Croom Helm |language=En |isbn= 978-0856645198}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=1982|title=The Petroleum Concession Agreements of the United Arab Emirates |publisher=Routledge Kegan & Paul |language=En|isbn=978-0709919155}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=1982|title=The Petroleum Concession Agreements of the United Arab Emirates |publisher=Routledge Kegan & Paul |language=En|isbn=978-0709919155}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=1982|title=Essays on Petroleum |publisher=Routledge Kegan & Paul |language=En|isbn=978-0709919216}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=1982|title=Essays on Petroleum |publisher=Routledge Kegan & Paul |language=En|isbn=978-0709919216}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=Arabisation and Globalisation |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=Arabisation and Globalisation }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=2008|title=Dialogue of Civilizations: The Self and the Other |publisher=Red Sea Press,U.S.|language=En|isbn=978-1569022948}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year=2008|title=Dialogue of Civilizations: The Self and the Other |publisher=Red Sea Press,U.S.|language=En|isbn=978-1569022948}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=Towards a New System of Arabism |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=Towards a New System of Arabism }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=Education and Development of the World of Arabism |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=Education and Development of the World of Arabism }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=Arabism in Arabic Poetry |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=Arabism in Arabic Poetry }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=From the Springs of Arabic Poetry |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=From the Springs of Arabic Poetry }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=The Flavour of Arabic Prose |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=The Flavour of Arabic Prose }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=I and Poetry |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=I and Poetry }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=Karima |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=Karima }}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |year= |title=Night Visitor |publisher= |language= |isbn=}}
* {{Cite book |last=Al-Otaiba |first=Mana Saeed |title=Night Visitor }}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 88: Line 83:
[[Category:Emirati novelists]]
[[Category:Emirati novelists]]
[[Category:21st-century Emirati poets]]
[[Category:21st-century Emirati poets]]
[[Category:Government ministers of the United Arab Emirates]]
[[Category:Energy ministers of the United Arab Emirates]]
[[Category:OPEC people]]
[[Category:OPEC people]]
[[Category:20th-century Emirati poets]]
[[Category:20th-century Emirati poets]]

Latest revision as of 07:28, 25 November 2024

Mana Saeed Al Otaiba
مانع العتيبة
Al Otaiba in 1997
14th Secretary General of OPEC
(as President of OPEC)
In office
19 July 1983 – 31 December 1983
Preceded byMarc Saturnin Nan Nguema
Succeeded byKamel Hassan Maghur
Personal details
Born (1946-05-15) 15 May 1946 (age 78)
Abu Dhabi, UAE
RelationsYousef Al Otaiba (son), Hend Al Otaiba (daughter)
OccupationPolitician, economist, businessman, poet, novelist

Mana Al Otaiba (Arabic: مانع العتيبة; born 15 May 1946 in Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates), son of Saeed Al Otaiba, is the former Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources of the United Arab Emirates under the presidency of Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan.[1] Al Otaiba then became his Personal Adviser until the president's death, after which he became the Private Advisor to Sheikh Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan,[2] as well as a member of the Royal Moroccan Academy under King Hassan II.

Biography

[edit]

Mana Al Otaiba served as President of OPEC six times, for its 26th, 52nd, 53rd, 54th, 62nd and 63rd conferences, held during 1971–1983.[3]

Al Otaiba is the former chair of Noor Capital,[4] a firm dealing in asset management, private equity, investment banking, investment placement and direct equity. He is also a major shareholder in Abu Dhabi Group,[5] a company with holdings in real estate, banking, Islamic banking, telecommunication, ISP, manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, hotels and tourism, as well as being a major shareholder in Etisalat. Al Otaiba is the owner of the Royal Mirage Hotels in Morocco (formerly part of Sheraton Hotels and Resorts), The Royal Mirage Marrakech Deluxe, the Royal Mirage Fes, and the Royal Mirage Agadir.[6]

Al Otaiba has published more than 135 poetry books,[citation needed] written in colloquial Arabic, formal Arabic, and English. His writing was renowned even before the unification of the Emirates in 1972.[7] Al Otaiba has written novels (including Karima, which became the basis for a television series)[8] and several non-fiction books including Essays on Petroleum, The Petroleum Concession Agreements, and OPEC and the Petroleum Industry. He has been awarded several honorary doctorates, including a Doctorate of Law from Keio University in Japan,[9] a Doctorate of Law from the University of Manila in the Philippines,[10] and a Doctorate of Economics from the University of São Paulo in Brazil.[citation needed]

Books

[edit]
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed (1971). The Economy of Abu Dhabi, Ancient and Modern. Beirut, Commercial and Industrial Press.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. The Planning Council in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. The OPEC Organisation.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed (1975). OPEC and the Petroleum Industry. Croom Helm. ISBN 978-0856642623.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed (1977). Petroleum and the Economy of the United Arab Emirates. Croom Helm. ISBN 978-0856645198.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed (1982). The Petroleum Concession Agreements of the United Arab Emirates. Routledge Kegan & Paul. ISBN 978-0709919155.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed (1982). Essays on Petroleum. Routledge Kegan & Paul. ISBN 978-0709919216.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. Arabisation and Globalisation.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed (2008). Dialogue of Civilizations: The Self and the Other. Red Sea Press,U.S. ISBN 978-1569022948.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. Towards a New System of Arabism.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. Education and Development of the World of Arabism.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. Arabism in Arabic Poetry.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. From the Springs of Arabic Poetry.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. The Flavour of Arabic Prose.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. I and Poetry.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. Karima.
  • Al-Otaiba, Mana Saeed. Night Visitor.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Emirates Raise Oil Price by $3". The New York Times. 2 February 1981.
  2. ^ "H.E. Dr. Al Otaiba registers for ID Card Program | Emirates Identity Authority (EIDA)". Archived from the original on 30 September 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2007.
  3. ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2007.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. ^ "Noor Capital UAE". Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2007.
  5. ^ "Dhabi Group (Dhabi Holding), UAE - Company Information, Key People, Latest News and Contact Details - ZAWYA MENA Edition". www.zawya.com. Archived from the original on 11 February 2021.
  6. ^ http://www.galileo.co.ae/Morepress.html[permanent dead link‍]
  7. ^ "Gulfnews: Nurturing culture". Archived from the original on 7 September 2007. Retrieved 15 August 2007.
  8. ^ "KARIMA | FoldedUp". www.foldedup.com.
  9. ^ "Keio University". Keio.ac.jp. Retrieved 5 February 2020.
  10. ^ "مانع سعيد العتيبة .... الشاعر الذي يكتب بريشة الفنان". Archived from the original on 26 May 2011. Retrieved 9 May 2008.
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