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{{Short description|Typographical symbol (™)}}
{{Short description|Symbol for an unregistered trademark}}
{{distinguish|Registered trademark symbol|Copyright symbol|Service mark symbol}}
{{distinguish|Registered trademark symbol|Copyright symbol|Service mark symbol}}
{{redirect|™|other uses|TM (disambiguation)|and|Trademark (disambiguation)}}
{{redirect|™|other uses|TM (disambiguation)|and|Trademark (disambiguation)}}
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The '''trademark symbol''' {{char|™}} is a [[symbol]] to indicate that the preceding mark is a [[trademark]], specifically an [[unregistered trademark]]. It complements the [[registered trademark symbol]] {{char|®}} which is reserved for trademarks registered with an appropriate government agency.<ref>{{cite web |title=Protecting Your Trademark |url=https://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/documents/BasicFacts.pdf |website=USPTO |publisher=United States Patent & Trademark Office |access-date=9 October 2019 |page=11 |date=August 2019 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130055843/https://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/documents/BasicFacts.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
The '''trademark symbol''' {{char|™}} is a [[symbol]] to indicate that the preceding mark is a [[trademark]], specifically an [[unregistered trademark]]. It complements the [[registered trademark symbol]] {{char|®}} which is reserved for trademarks registered with an appropriate government agency.<ref>{{cite web |title=Protecting Your Trademark |url=https://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/documents/BasicFacts.pdf |website=USPTO |publisher=United States Patent & Trademark Office |access-date=9 October 2019 |page=11 |date=August 2019 |archive-date=November 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191130055843/https://www.uspto.gov/sites/default/files/documents/BasicFacts.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>


In Canada, an equivalent {{lang|fr|marque de commerce}} symbol, {{char|🅪}} (U+1F16A) is used in [[Quebec]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2010/10079r-canadian-legal.pdf |title=Proposal to encode two Letterlike Symbols for Canadian legal use in the UCS |last=Pentzlin |first=Karl |date=2010-06-11 |website=unicode.org |access-date=2020-04-05}}</ref> Canada also has an [[Official mark]] symbol, {{angbr|Ⓜ}}, to indicate that a name or design used by Canadian public authorities is protected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smart-biggar.ca/en/articles_detail.cfm?news_id=484|title=Official marks — a uniquely Canadian concept|first=Mark|last=Pidowich|publisher=[[Smart & Biggar]]|date=2011-07-27|access-date=2016-12-04}}</ref> Some German publications, especially dictionaries, also use a {{lang|de|Warenzeichen}} grapheme, {{char|🄮}} (U+1F12E), which is informative and independent of the actual protection status of the name.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09034r-wz-proposal.pdf |title=Proposal to encode a German trademark symbol in the UCS |last=Pentzlin |first=Karl |date=2009-02-27 |website=unicode.org |access-date=2020-04-05}}</ref>
In Canada, an equivalent {{lang|fr|marque de commerce}} symbol, ({{unichar|1F16A}}) is used in [[Quebec]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2010/10079r-canadian-legal.pdf |title=Proposal to encode two Letterlike Symbols for Canadian legal use in the UCS |last=Pentzlin |first=Karl |date=2010-06-11 |website=unicode.org |access-date=2020-04-05}}</ref> Canada also has an [[official mark]] symbol, {{angbr|Ⓜ}}, to indicate that a name or design used by Canadian public authorities is protected.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smart-biggar.ca/en/articles_detail.cfm?news_id=484|title=Official marks — a uniquely Canadian concept|first=Mark|last=Pidowich|publisher=[[Smart & Biggar]]|date=2011-07-27|access-date=2016-12-04}}</ref> Some German publications, especially dictionaries, also use a {{lang|de|Warenzeichen}} grapheme, ({{unichar|1F12E}}), which is informative and independent of the actual protection status of the name.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.unicode.org/L2/L2009/09034r-wz-proposal.pdf |title=Proposal to encode a German trademark symbol in the UCS |last=Pentzlin |first=Karl |date=2009-02-27 |website=unicode.org |access-date=2020-04-05}}</ref>


==Use ==
==Use ==


Use of the trademark symbol indicates an assertion that a word, image, or other sign is a trademark; it does not indicate registration or impart enhanced protections. Registered trademarks are indicated using the [[registered trademark symbol]], {{char|®}}, and in most jurisdictions it is unlawful or illegal to use the registered trademark symbol with a mark that has not been registered.<ref>{{cite web |title=Trademark Manual of Examining Procedure, Sec. 906.02, Improper Use of Registration Symbol |url=https://tmep.uspto.gov/RDMS/TMEP/print?version=Oct2014&href=TMEP-900d1e1285.html |website=USPTO |publisher=United States Patent & Trademark Service |access-date=9 October 2019}}</ref>
Use of the trademark symbol indicates an assertion that a word, image, or other sign is a trademark; it does not indicate registration or impart enhanced protections. Registered trademarks are indicated using the [[registered trademark symbol]], {{char|®}}, and in many jurisdictions it is unlawful or illegal to use the registered trademark symbol with a mark that has not been registered.<ref>{{cite web |title=Trademark Manual of Examining Procedure, Sec. 906.02, Improper Use of Registration Symbol |url=https://tmep.uspto.gov/RDMS/TMEP/print?version=Oct2014&href=TMEP-900d1e1285.html |website=USPTO |publisher=United States Patent & Trademark Service |access-date=9 October 2019}}</ref>


The [[service mark symbol]], {{char|℠}}, is used to indicate the assertion of a [[service mark]] (a trademark for the provision of services). The service mark symbol is less commonly used than the trademark sign, especially outside the United States.
The [[service mark symbol]], {{char|℠}}, is used to indicate the assertion of a [[service mark]] (a trademark for the provision of services). The service mark symbol is less commonly used than the trademark sign, especially outside the United States.

In recent years, the trademark symbol has seen use on [[social media]] in an [[ironic]] fashion, highlighting a concept as if it were important enough to warrant its own trademark, for example, "Official Bisexual Haircut™".<ref>{{cite web |title=What Do ™ , ® , and © Mean? Decoding Trademark Symbols |url=https://www.dictionary.com/e/trademark-copyright-registered-symbols/ |website=Dictionary.com |access-date=16 August 2024 |date=30 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=™️ Trade Mark emoji Meaning |url=https://www.dictionary.com/e/emoji/trade-mark-sign/ |website=Dictionary.com |access-date=16 August 2024 |date=8 May 2018}}</ref> This is a non-standard usage of the symbol, which confers no special legal rights.


==Keyboard entry==
==Keyboard entry==
{{main|Unicode input}}
{{main|Unicode input}}
* [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]: {{keypress|[[Alt code|Alt]]|0}}{{keypress|1|5|3|chain=}} (on the numeric keypad)
* [[ChromeOS]]: {{key press|Ctrl|Shift|U}}{{nbsp}}{{Key press|2|1|2|2|chain=}}
** [[US international]] keyboard setting: {{key press|[[Alt Gr]]|T}}
⚫
* [[macOS]]: {{key press|Opt|2}} (or {{key press|Opt|Shift|2}} or {{key press|Opt|Shift|D}} or {{key press|Opt|Shift|T}} on certain layouts)
⚫
* [[Linux]] (and similar): {{key press|[[Compose key|Compose]]|T|M|chain=}}
* [[ChromeOS]] (and Linux): {{key press|Ctrl|Shift|U}}{{nbsp}}{{Key press|2|1|2|2|chain=}}
** [[QWERTY#Chrome OS|UK Extended]] keyboard: {{key press|AltGr|Shift|8}}. (AltGr and *)
** [[QWERTY#Chrome OS|UK Extended]] keyboard: {{key press|AltGr|Shift|8}}. (AltGr and *)
* [[HTML]]: {{code|&trade;}} or {{code|&#8482;}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/sgml/entities.html|title=Character entity references in HTML 4|work=w3.org}}</ref>
* [[HTML]]: {{code|&trade;}} or {{code|&#8482;}}<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/sgml/entities.html|title=Character entity references in HTML 4|work=w3.org}}</ref>
* [[LaTeX]]: {{code|\texttrademark}}
* [[LaTeX]]: {{code|\texttrademark}}
⚫
* [[Linux]] (and similar): {{key press|Ctrl|Shift|U}}{{nbsp}}{{Key press|2|1|2|2|chain=}} and/or {{key press|[[Compose key|Compose]]|T|M|chain=}}
⚫
* [[macOS]]: {{key press|Opt|2}} (or {{key press|Opt|Shift|2}} or {{key press|Opt|Shift|D}} or {{key press|Opt|Shift|T}} on certain layouts)
* [[Microsoft Windows|Windows]]: {{keypress|[[Alt code|Alt]]|0}}{{keypress|1|5|3|chain=}} (on the numeric keypad)


==Non-standard substitutions==
==Non-standard substitutions==
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** [[United States trademark law]]
** [[United States trademark law]]
** [[Indian trademark law]]
** [[Indian trademark law]]
** [[Japanese trademark law]]


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 19:23, 25 November 2024

Not to be confused with Registered trademark symbol, Copyright symbol, or Service mark symbol.
"™" redirects here. For other uses, see TM (disambiguation) and Trademark (disambiguation).

™
Trademark symbol
In UnicodeU+2122 ™ TRADE MARK SIGN (HTML &trade;)
Different from
Different fromU+2120 ℠ SERVICE MARK
U+00AE ® REGISTERED SIGN
Related
See alsoU+1F16A 🅪 RAISED MC SIGN
U+1F12E 🄮 CIRCLED WZ
U+24C2 Ⓜ CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M
Look up ™ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

The trademark symbol ™ is a symbol to indicate that the preceding mark is a trademark, specifically an unregistered trademark. It complements the registered trademark symbol ® which is reserved for trademarks registered with an appropriate government agency.[1]

In Canada, an equivalent marque de commerce symbol, (U+1F16A 🅪 RAISED MC SIGN) is used in Quebec.[2] Canada also has an official mark symbol, ⟨Ⓜ⟩, to indicate that a name or design used by Canadian public authorities is protected.[3] Some German publications, especially dictionaries, also use a Warenzeichen grapheme, (U+1F12E 🄮 CIRCLED WZ), which is informative and independent of the actual protection status of the name.[4]

Use

[edit]

Use of the trademark symbol indicates an assertion that a word, image, or other sign is a trademark; it does not indicate registration or impart enhanced protections. Registered trademarks are indicated using the registered trademark symbol, ®, and in many jurisdictions it is unlawful or illegal to use the registered trademark symbol with a mark that has not been registered.[5]

The service mark symbol, ℠, is used to indicate the assertion of a service mark (a trademark for the provision of services). The service mark symbol is less commonly used than the trademark sign, especially outside the United States.

In recent years, the trademark symbol has seen use on social media in an ironic fashion, highlighting a concept as if it were important enough to warrant its own trademark, for example, "Official Bisexual Haircut™".[6][7] This is a non-standard usage of the symbol, which confers no special legal rights.

Keyboard entry

[edit]
Main article: Unicode input
  • ChromeOS: Ctrl+⇧ Shift+U 2122
  • HTML: &trade; or &#8482;[8]
  • LaTeX: \texttrademark
  • Linux (and similar): Ctrl+⇧ Shift+U 2122 and/or ComposeTM
  • macOS: ⌥ Opt+2 (or ⌥ Opt+⇧ Shift+2 or ⌥ Opt+⇧ Shift+D or ⌥ Opt+⇧ Shift+T on certain layouts)
  • Windows: Alt+0153 (on the numeric keypad)

Non-standard substitutions

[edit]

The letters ⟨T⟩ and ⟨M⟩ are sometimes seen paired in an attempt to emulate the trademark symbol. Methods include

See also

[edit]
Look up ™ in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Protecting Your Trademark" (PDF). USPTO. United States Patent & Trademark Office. August 2019. p. 11. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 30, 2019. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
  2. ^ Pentzlin, Karl (June 11, 2010). "Proposal to encode two Letterlike Symbols for Canadian legal use in the UCS" (PDF). unicode.org. Retrieved April 5, 2020.
  3. ^ Pidowich, Mark (July 27, 2011). "Official marks — a uniquely Canadian concept". Smart & Biggar. Retrieved December 4, 2016.
  4. ^ Pentzlin, Karl (February 27, 2009). "Proposal to encode a German trademark symbol in the UCS" (PDF). unicode.org. Retrieved April 5, 2020.
  5. ^ "Trademark Manual of Examining Procedure, Sec. 906.02, Improper Use of Registration Symbol". USPTO. United States Patent & Trademark Service. Retrieved October 9, 2019.
  6. ^ "What Do ™ , ® , and © Mean? Decoding Trademark Symbols". Dictionary.com. March 30, 2021. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  7. ^ "™️ Trade Mark emoji Meaning". Dictionary.com. May 8, 2018. Retrieved August 16, 2024.
  8. ^ "Character entity references in HTML 4". w3.org.
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