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{{short description|American politician}}
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{{POV|date=October 2017}}

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{{Use mdy dates|date=March 2017}}
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{{Infobox Governor
{{Infobox officeholder
|name= Martin Grove Brumbaugh
|name= Martin Grove Brumbaugh
|image= MartinGBrumbaugh.jpg
|image= MartinGBrumbaugh.jpg
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|successor = [[William Cameron Sproul|William Sproul]]
|successor = [[William Cameron Sproul|William Sproul]]
|birth_date= {{birth date|1862|4|14}}
|birth_date= {{birth date|1862|4|14}}
|birth_place= [[Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania]]
|birth_place= [[Penn Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania]]
|death_date= {{death date and age|1930|3|14|1862|4|14}}
|death_date= {{death date and age|1930|3|14|1862|4|14}}
|death_place= [[Pinehurst, North Carolina]]
|death_place= [[Pinehurst, North Carolina]]
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|profession=
|profession=
|alma_mater = [[Juniata College|Huntingdon Normal School]]<br/>[[University of Pennsylvania]]
|alma_mater = [[Juniata College|Huntingdon Normal School]]<br/>[[University of Pennsylvania]]
|spouse = {{marriage|Anna Konigmacher|1884|1914|reason=died}}<br />{{marriage|Flora Belle Parks|1916}}
|signature = Signature of Martin Grove Brumbaugh (1862–1930).png
|footnotes=
|footnotes=
}}
}}'''Martin Grove Brumbaugh''', [[Master of Arts|A.M.]], [[Ph.D.]] (April 14, 1862{{spaced ndash}}March 14, 1930) was an American [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] politician who served as the 26th [[List of Governors of Pennsylvania|Governor of Pennsylvania]] from 1915 until 1919. He is frequently referred to as M.G. Brumbaugh, as is common in the [[Brumbaugh]] family. He was president of [[Juniata College]] and the first education commissioner for [[Puerto Rico]].<ref name=obit/>
'''Martin Grove Brumbaugh''' (April 14, 1862{{spaced ndash}}March 14, 1930) was an American [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[politician]] who served as the 26th [[governor of Pennsylvania]], from 1915 until 1919. He is frequently referred to as M.G. Brumbaugh, as was common in the [[Brumbaugh]] family.


==Life and career==
==Early life==
Brumbaugh was born in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania. He grew up in rural Huntingdon County and worked in the combination country store-post office that was operated by his father. He was raised in a small pacifist faith with German roots, the [[Church of the Brethren|German Baptist Brethren]], popularly called Dunkers. Brumbaugh attended Huntingdon [[Normal School]], graduating in 1881. A voracious reader and researcher, he later earned degrees in mechanical engineering, philosophy, and the general sciences before earning a [[Ph.D.]] from the [[University of Pennsylvania]] in 1894. He returned to Huntingdon Normal School, now renamed [[Juniata College]], in 1895, and continued at the post until 1910. He remained closely connected to the college, returning to the position of the president in 1924.
Brumbaugh was born in [[Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania|Huntingdon County]], [[Pennsylvania]], and raised in Woodcock Valley. He worked for his father, both on the family farm and Brumbaugh general store, and was raised in the [[Church of the Brethren|German Baptist Brethren]], popularly called Dunkers.<ref>explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=1-A-38C</ref>


Brumbaugh attended Huntingdon [[Normal School]] (''teacher training school'') in [[Huntingdon, Pennsylvania|Huntingdon]], graduating in 1881. From 1884 until 1890, he was [[Superintendent (education)|Superintendent]] of Huntingdon County schools. A voracious reader and researcher, Brumbaugh undertook [[Postgraduate education|postgraduate]] work at both [[Harvard University|Harvard]] and the [[University of Pennsylvania]], earning [[Academic degree|degrees]] in [[mechanical engineering]], [[philosophy]], and the [[Science|general sciences]]. He then obtained a [[Ph.D.]] from the [[University of Pennsylvania]] in 1894.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-15 |title=Martin Grove Brumbaugh |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/martin-grove-brumbaugh/ |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=National Governors Association}}</ref>
A leading proponent of educational modernization, Brumbaugh oversaw reform of the teacher training curriculum for the state of Louisiana. After the American Invasion of Puerto Rico, then a wealthy overseas province of Spain, and the Treaty of Paris of 1899, Brumbaugh was charged with implementation of an American-style educational system in [[Puerto Rico]]. Brumbaugh dissolved the entire Education Ministry that had been in place for centuries. Then Brumbaugh had the entire public school faculty, most of whom were trained professors of either Antillean or Peninsular Spanish origins, fired and deported. He then brought from the US a great number of Anglophone school teachers, including his cousin Dr. D. Brumbaugh, considered more "friendly to the American cause". The problem was that the American school teachers spoke only English, and the island's primary language was Spanish, with great numbers of French and Italian speakers. In less than 18 months, after Brumbaugh took over, school absenteeism shot up to 98% with the ensuing performance collapse of a population that spoke one language and the teachers another. Those children who did go to school were punished for speaking Spanish, and put down for their culture. The next thing Brumbaugh did, with the backing of the US Military Government, was to change the entire curriculum, to "Americanize it". He re-wrote the entire Puerto Rican history curriculum, sanitized it and purged from it any data threatening to the "American cause". In addition, he began to edit and doctor data so as to exacerbate anything political or social by the former Spanish Authorities, making it negative, out of context and proportion, in a national humiliation process that caused tremendous public outrage and protests. To this day, the island's educational system is still suffering from Brumbaugh's "reforms". After he left Puerto Rico he held lecturer positions at the [[University of Pennsylvania]] and [[Harvard University]]. In 1906, he became superintendent of the [[Philadelphia Public Schools]] and gained statewide recognition for his performance in this role.


Brumbaugh married Anna Konigmacher, of [[Ephrata, Pennsylvania|Ephrata]] in 1884. He and Anna were the parents of two children, Edwin and Mabel.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Governor Martin Grove Brumbaugh {{!}} PHMC > Pennsylvania Governors |url=https://www.phmc.state.pa.us/portal/communities/governors/1876-1951/martin-brumbaugh.html |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=www.phmc.state.pa.us}}</ref> His wife died in 1914.<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/altoona-tribune-death-of-wife-of-dr-bru/148029520/ |title=Death of Wife of Dr. Brumbaugh |date=1914-06-30 |newspaper=Altoona Tribune |page=1 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=2024-05-25}}{{Open access}}</ref> He married Flora Belle Parks on January 29, 1916.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-01-15 |title=Martin Grove Brumbaugh |url=https://www.nga.org/governor/martin-grove-brumbaugh/ |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=National Governors Association}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/harrisburg-daily-independent/148029588/ |title=Governor Brumbaugh To-Day Weds His Ward, Miss Florida Belle Parks; Ceremony in Germantown Church |date=1916-01-29 |newspaper=The Star–Independent |page=1 |via=[[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=2024-05-25}}{{Open access}}</ref>
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A conservative and religious but usually apolitical man, Brumbaugh was nevertheless courted by the Republican Party to run for governor in 1914, after corruption and infighting marred the 1910 campaign. While in office, Brumbaugh fought to expand educational funding, spur highway construction, and support farmers but also blocked labor reform and supported alcohol prohibition. During his term in office he chided the state legislature for spending beyond its means and emphasized this point by vetoing 409 pieces of legislation.<ref>Earl C. Kaylor, Jr. 1996. Martin Grove Brumbaugh: A Pennsylvanian's Odyssey from Sainted Schooman to Bedeviled World War I Governor, 1862-1930. Teaneck, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson Press, p. 311.</ref>


== Career ==
⚫
Brumbaugh died of a [[heart attack]] on March 14, 1930 while playing golf on vacation in [[Pinehurst, North Carolina]].<ref name=obit>{{cite news |author= |coauthors= |title=M. G. Brumbaugh, Ex-Governor, Dies. Former Head of Pennsylvania Government Stricken While Playing Golf in South. Prominent As Educator. President of Juniata College. Was First Education Commissioner to Porto Rico. |url=https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F20C13FF3A5D157A93C7A81788D85F448385F9 |quote=Stricken with heart disease while playing golf at the Pinehurst Country Club, Martin G. Brumbaugh of Huntingdon, Pa., former Governor of Pennsylvania and president of ... |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=March 15, 1930 |accessdate=January 17, 2014 }}</ref>
Brumbaugh returned to work at Huntingdon Normal School (now renamed [[Juniata College]]) in 1895, where he stayed until 1910. Brumbaugh remained closely connected to the college, returning to become its president in 1926.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MG-348. MARTIN G. BRUMBAUGH PAPERS, 1879-1919 |url=https://www.phmc.state.pa.us/bah/aaGuide/AA-MG-348.html |access-date=2024-03-08 |website=www.phmc.state.pa.us}}</ref>

A leading proponent of educational modernization, Brumbaugh oversaw reform of the teacher training curriculum for the state of Louisiana. After the American Invasion of Puerto Rico, then a wealthy overseas province of Spain, and the Treaty of Paris of 1899, Brumbaugh was charged with implementation of an American-style educational system in [[Puerto Rico]].

Brumbaugh dissolved the entire Education Ministry that had been in place for centuries. Brumbaugh had the entire public school faculty, most of whom were trained professors of either Antillean or Peninsular Spanish origins, fired and deported. He then brought from the US a great number of Anglophone school teachers, including his cousin Dr. D. Brumbaugh, considered more "friendly to the American cause".

However, the American school teachers spoke only English, and the island's primary language was Spanish, with great numbers of French and Italian speakers. In less than 18 months, school absenteeism shot up to 98% with the ensuing performance collapse of a population that spoke one language and the teachers another. Those children who did go to school were punished for speaking Spanish, and put down for their culture.

With the backing of the US Military Government, Brumbaugh "Americanized" the entire curriculum. He re-wrote the Puerto Rican history curriculum, sanitized it and purged from it any data threatening to the "American cause". In addition, he began to edit and doctor data so as to exacerbate anything political or social by the former Spanish Authorities, making it negative, out of context and proportion, in a national humiliation process that caused tremendous public outrage and protests. To this day, the island's educational system still suffers from Brumbaugh's "reforms". After he left Puerto Rico he held lecturer positions at the [[University of Pennsylvania]] and [[Harvard University]]. In 1906, he became superintendent of the [[Philadelphia Public Schools]] and gained statewide recognition for his performance in this role.

⚫
A conservative and religious but usually apolitical man, Brumbaugh was nevertheless courted by the Republican Party to run for governor in 1914, after corruption and infighting marred the [[1910 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election|1910]] campaign. While in office, Brumbaugh fought to expand educational funding, spur highway construction, and support farmers but also blocked labor reform and supported alcohol prohibition. During his term in office, he chided the state legislature for spending beyond its means and emphasized this point by vetoing 409 pieces of legislation.<ref>Earl C. Kaylor, Jr. 1996. Martin Grove Brumbaugh: A Pennsylvanian's Odyssey from Sainted Schooman to Bedeviled World War I Governor, 1862-1930. Teaneck, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson Press, p. 311.</ref> He received the largest share of the popular vote in the [[1916 Republican Party presidential primaries]].

Brumbaugh was an elected member of the [[American Philosophical Society]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=APS Member History |url=https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Martin+G.+Brumbaugh&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced |access-date=2023-12-20 |website=search.amphilsoc.org}}</ref> He was also president of the [[Pennsylvania German Society]] in 1927.

⚫
Brumbaugh died of a [[heart attack]] on March 14, 1930,<ref>{{Cite news |date=1930-03-15 |title=Martin Grove Brumbaugh obit |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/altoona-tribune-martin-grove-brumbaugh-o/9603296/ |access-date=2024-03-08 |work=Altoona Tribune |pages=1}}</ref> while playing golf on vacation in [[Pinehurst, North Carolina]].<ref name=obit>{{cite news |title=M. G. Brumbaugh, Ex-Governor, Dies. Former Head of Pennsylvania Government Stricken While Playing Golf in South. Prominent As Educator. President of Juniata College. Was First Education Commissioner to Porto Rico. |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1930/03/15/archives/mg-brumbaugh-exgovernor-dies-former-head-of-pennsylvania-government.html |quote=Stricken with heart disease while playing golf at the Pinehurst Country Club, Martin G. Brumbaugh of Huntingdon, Pa., former Governor of Pennsylvania and president of ... |newspaper=[[New York Times]] |date=March 15, 1930 |access-date=January 17, 2014 }}</ref>


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
[[File:Escuela Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh - Santa Isabel Puerto Rico.jpg|right|thumb|Escuela Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh in Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico]]
Brumbaugh Hall is one of the 14 residence halls in the East Halls area of the [[Pennsylvania State University]] [[University Park, Pennsylvania|University Park]] campus, all named after [[List of Governors of Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania Governors]]. In the college town of [[Río Piedras, Puerto Rico]], Calle Brumbaugh is a street named after Brumbaugh.
Brumbaugh Hall is one of the 14 residence halls in the East Halls area of the [[Pennsylvania State University]] [[University Park, Pennsylvania|University Park]] campus, all named after [[List of governors of Pennsylvania|Pennsylvania Governors]]. In the college town of [[Río Piedras, Puerto Rico]], Calle Brumbaugh is a street named after Brumbaugh.

Two schools are named for him in Puerto Rico: the [[Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh Graded School]] in Santa Isabel and the [[Escuela Brambaugh]] in San Juan. Both are listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

== Selected works ==
{{refbegin|40em}}
* {{cite book |year=1898 |last=Penn |first=William |editor-last1=Brumbaugh |editor-first1=Martin Grove |editor-last2=Walton |editor-first2=Joseph Solomon |title=Penn's Frame of government of 1682 and Privileges and concessions of 1701 |location=Philadelphia |publisher=C. Sower Company |lccn=09013690 |url=https://archive.org/details/pennsframeofgove00penn |via=Internet Archive}}
* {{cite book |year=1899 |last=Brumbaugh |first=Martin Grove |title=[[A history of the German Baptist Brethren in Europe and America]] |location=Elgin, IL |publisher=Brethren Publishing House}}
* {{cite book |year=1903 |last=Van Middeldyk |first=R. A. |editor-last=Brumbaugh |editor-first=Martin Grove |title=The History of Puerto Rico |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/12272 |via=Project Gutenberg}}
* {{cite book |year=1908 |last=Brumbaugh |first=M. G. |chapter=The conditions in Germany about 1708 |pages=16–26 |editor-last1=Brumbaugh |editor-first1=Martin Grove |editor-link=Martin Grove Brumbaugh |editor-last2=Falkenstein |editor-first2=G.N. |editor-last3=Miller |editor-first3=D.L. |editor-last4=Beahm |editor-first4=I.N.M. |editor-last5=McCann |editor-first5=S.N. |title=Two centuries of the Church of the Brethren, Or, The beginning of the brotherhood: Bicentennial addresses at the annual conference, held at Des Moines, Iowa, June 3–11, 1908 |location=Elgin, IL |publisher=Brethren Publishing House |chapter-url=https://archive.org/stream/twocenturieschu00bretgoog#page/n24}}
* {{cite book |year=1908 |first1=A. F. |last1=Schauffler |first2=Antoinette Abernethy |last2=Lamoreaux |first3=Martin G. |last3=Brumbaugh |first4=Marion |last4=Lawrance |title=Training the Teacher |publisher=Sunday School Times Company |location=Philadelphia |url=https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/31791 |via=Project Gutenberg}}
* {{cite book |year=1908 |last=Brumbaugh |first=Martin G. |title=The Life and Works of Christopher Dock |url=https://archive.org/details/lifeworksofchris00dock <!-- https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.158068 --> |via=Internet Archive}} ([[s:The Life and Works of Christopher Dock|incomplete version on Wikisource]])
* {{cite journal |year=1915 |last=Brumbaugh |first=Martin G. |title=Commencement address |journal=Juniata College Bulletin |volume=12 |number=3a |location=Huntingdon, PA |publisher=Juniata College |url=https://archive.org/details/commencementaddr1915brum |via=Internet Archive}}
{{refend}}

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{{s-bef|before=[[Edward Brooks (educator)|Edward Brooks]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[School District of Philadelphia]]<ref>{{cite web |author1=William W. Cutler III |title=Public Education: The School District of Philadelphia |url=https://philadelphiaencyclopedia.org/essays/public-educationthe-school-district-of-philadelphia/ |website=The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia |access-date=20 September 2023}}</ref> [[Superintendent (education)|Superintendent]]|years=1906–1914}}
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{{s-ttl|title=[[List of governors of Pennsylvania|Governor of Pennsylvania]]|years=1915–1919}}
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{{s-aft|after=[[William Cameron Sproul|William Sproul]]}}
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[List of governors of Pennsylvania|Governor of Pennsylvania]]|years=[[1914 Pennsylvania gubernatorial election|1914]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[William Cameron Sproul|William Sproul]]}}
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==References==
==References==
Line 41: Line 94:
{{Wikisource author}}
{{Wikisource author}}
{{commons category|Martin G. Brumbaugh}}
{{commons category|Martin G. Brumbaugh}}
* {{Gutenberg author | id=Brumbaugh,+Martin+Grove | name=Martin Grove Brumbaugh}}
* {{Gutenberg author|id=35469}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Martin Grove Brumbaugh}}
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Martin Grove Brumbaugh}}
*{{cite book|title=Martin Grove Brumbaugh: A Pennsylvanian's Odyssey from Sainted Schoolman to Bedeviled World War I Governor, 1862–1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2W5H1Pxs0QgC&pg=PA359|author=Earl C. Kaylor|publisher=Fairleigh Dickinson Univ. Press|year=1996}}
*{{cite book|title=Martin Grove Brumbaugh: A Pennsylvanian's Odyssey from Sainted Schoolman to Bedeviled World War I Governor, 1862–1930|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2W5H1Pxs0QgC&pg=PA359|author=Earl C. Kaylor|publisher=Fairleigh Dickinson Univ. Press|year=1996|isbn = 9780838636893}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/1879-1951/4284/martin_grove_brumbaugh/469110|title=Governor Martin Grove Brumbaugh|publisher=Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission|accessdate=January 28, 2014}}
*{{cite web|url=http://www.portal.state.pa.us/portal/server.pt/community/1879-1951/4284/martin_grove_brumbaugh/469110|title=Governor Martin Grove Brumbaugh|publisher=Pennsylvania Historical & Museum Commission|access-date=January 28, 2014}}
*{{Find a Grave|10617143}}
*{{Find a Grave|10617143}}

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{{succession box | before=[[John K. Tener|John Tener]] |title=[[Governor of Pennsylvania]]
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|years=1915–1919 | after=[[William Cameron Sproul|William Sproul]]}}
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{{s-ppo}}
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{{succession box | title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[Governor of Pennsylvania]] | before=[[John K. Tener|John Tener]] | after=[[William Cameron Sproul|William Sproul]] | years=[[Pennsylvania gubernatorial election, 1914|1914]]}}
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{{s-end}}


{{Governors and Presidents of Pennsylvania}}
{{Governors and Presidents of Pennsylvania}}

{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1862 births]]
[[Category:1862 births]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:Governors of Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Republican Party governors of Pennsylvania]]
[[Category:Christian writers]]
[[Category:Anabaptist writers]]
[[Category:American members of the Church of the Brethren]]
[[Category:American members of the Church of the Brethren]]
[[Category:Church of the Brethren clergy]]
[[Category:Church of the Brethren clergy]]
[[Category:Juniata College alumni]]
[[Category:Juniata College alumni]]
[[Category:United States presidential candidates, 1916]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 1916 United States presidential election]]
[[Category:20th-century American politicians]]
[[Category:Pennsylvania Republicans]]
[[Category:University of Pennsylvania faculty]]
[[Category:University of Pennsylvania faculty]]
[[Category:Harvard University faculty]]
[[Category:Harvard University faculty]]
[[Category:Juniata College]]
[[Category:Juniata College]]
[[Category:Republican Party state governors of the United States]]
[[Category:University of Pennsylvania alumni]]
[[Category:University of Pennsylvania alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the American Philosophical Society]]

Latest revision as of 21:41, 25 November 2024

Martin Grove Brumbaugh
26th Governor of Pennsylvania
In office
January 19, 1915 – January 21, 1919
LieutenantFrank McClain
Preceded byJohn Tener
Succeeded byWilliam Sproul
Personal details
Born(1862-04-14)April 14, 1862
Penn Township, Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania
DiedMarch 14, 1930(1930-03-14) (aged 67)
Pinehurst, North Carolina
Political partyRepublican
Spouse(s)
Anna Konigmacher
​
​
(m. 1884; died 1914)​

Flora Belle Parks
​
(m. 1916)​
Alma materHuntingdon Normal School
University of Pennsylvania
Signature

Martin Grove Brumbaugh (April 14, 1862 – March 14, 1930) was an American Republican politician who served as the 26th governor of Pennsylvania, from 1915 until 1919. He is frequently referred to as M.G. Brumbaugh, as was common in the Brumbaugh family.

Early life

[edit]

Brumbaugh was born in Huntingdon County, Pennsylvania, and raised in Woodcock Valley. He worked for his father, both on the family farm and Brumbaugh general store, and was raised in the German Baptist Brethren, popularly called Dunkers.[1]

Brumbaugh attended Huntingdon Normal School (teacher training school) in Huntingdon, graduating in 1881. From 1884 until 1890, he was Superintendent of Huntingdon County schools. A voracious reader and researcher, Brumbaugh undertook postgraduate work at both Harvard and the University of Pennsylvania, earning degrees in mechanical engineering, philosophy, and the general sciences. He then obtained a Ph.D. from the University of Pennsylvania in 1894.[2]

Brumbaugh married Anna Konigmacher, of Ephrata in 1884. He and Anna were the parents of two children, Edwin and Mabel.[3] His wife died in 1914.[4] He married Flora Belle Parks on January 29, 1916.[5][6]

Career

[edit]

Brumbaugh returned to work at Huntingdon Normal School (now renamed Juniata College) in 1895, where he stayed until 1910. Brumbaugh remained closely connected to the college, returning to become its president in 1926.[7]

A leading proponent of educational modernization, Brumbaugh oversaw reform of the teacher training curriculum for the state of Louisiana. After the American Invasion of Puerto Rico, then a wealthy overseas province of Spain, and the Treaty of Paris of 1899, Brumbaugh was charged with implementation of an American-style educational system in Puerto Rico.

Brumbaugh dissolved the entire Education Ministry that had been in place for centuries. Brumbaugh had the entire public school faculty, most of whom were trained professors of either Antillean or Peninsular Spanish origins, fired and deported. He then brought from the US a great number of Anglophone school teachers, including his cousin Dr. D. Brumbaugh, considered more "friendly to the American cause".

However, the American school teachers spoke only English, and the island's primary language was Spanish, with great numbers of French and Italian speakers. In less than 18 months, school absenteeism shot up to 98% with the ensuing performance collapse of a population that spoke one language and the teachers another. Those children who did go to school were punished for speaking Spanish, and put down for their culture.

With the backing of the US Military Government, Brumbaugh "Americanized" the entire curriculum. He re-wrote the Puerto Rican history curriculum, sanitized it and purged from it any data threatening to the "American cause". In addition, he began to edit and doctor data so as to exacerbate anything political or social by the former Spanish Authorities, making it negative, out of context and proportion, in a national humiliation process that caused tremendous public outrage and protests. To this day, the island's educational system still suffers from Brumbaugh's "reforms". After he left Puerto Rico he held lecturer positions at the University of Pennsylvania and Harvard University. In 1906, he became superintendent of the Philadelphia Public Schools and gained statewide recognition for his performance in this role.

A conservative and religious but usually apolitical man, Brumbaugh was nevertheless courted by the Republican Party to run for governor in 1914, after corruption and infighting marred the 1910 campaign. While in office, Brumbaugh fought to expand educational funding, spur highway construction, and support farmers but also blocked labor reform and supported alcohol prohibition. During his term in office, he chided the state legislature for spending beyond its means and emphasized this point by vetoing 409 pieces of legislation.[8] He received the largest share of the popular vote in the 1916 Republican Party presidential primaries.

Brumbaugh was an elected member of the American Philosophical Society.[9] He was also president of the Pennsylvania German Society in 1927.

Brumbaugh died of a heart attack on March 14, 1930,[10] while playing golf on vacation in Pinehurst, North Carolina.[11]

Legacy

[edit]
Escuela Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh in Santa Isabel, Puerto Rico

Brumbaugh Hall is one of the 14 residence halls in the East Halls area of the Pennsylvania State University University Park campus, all named after Pennsylvania Governors. In the college town of Río Piedras, Puerto Rico, Calle Brumbaugh is a street named after Brumbaugh.

Two schools are named for him in Puerto Rico: the Dr. Martin G. Brumbaugh Graded School in Santa Isabel and the Escuela Brambaugh in San Juan. Both are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Selected works

[edit]
  • Penn, William (1898). Brumbaugh, Martin Grove; Walton, Joseph Solomon (eds.). Penn's Frame of government of 1682 and Privileges and concessions of 1701. Philadelphia: C. Sower Company. LCCN 09013690 – via Internet Archive.
  • Brumbaugh, Martin Grove (1899). A history of the German Baptist Brethren in Europe and America. Elgin, IL: Brethren Publishing House.
  • Van Middeldyk, R. A. (1903). Brumbaugh, Martin Grove (ed.). The History of Puerto Rico – via Project Gutenberg.
  • Brumbaugh, M. G. (1908). "The conditions in Germany about 1708". In Brumbaugh, Martin Grove; Falkenstein, G.N.; Miller, D.L.; Beahm, I.N.M.; McCann, S.N. (eds.). Two centuries of the Church of the Brethren, Or, The beginning of the brotherhood: Bicentennial addresses at the annual conference, held at Des Moines, Iowa, June 3–11, 1908. Elgin, IL: Brethren Publishing House. pp. 16–26.
  • Schauffler, A. F.; Lamoreaux, Antoinette Abernethy; Brumbaugh, Martin G.; Lawrance, Marion (1908). Training the Teacher. Philadelphia: Sunday School Times Company – via Project Gutenberg.
  • Brumbaugh, Martin G. (1908). The Life and Works of Christopher Dock – via Internet Archive. (incomplete version on Wikisource)
  • Brumbaugh, Martin G. (1915). "Commencement address". Juniata College Bulletin. 12 (3a). Huntingdon, PA: Juniata College – via Internet Archive.
Educational offices
Preceded by School District of Philadelphia[12] Superintendent
1906–1914 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Governor of Pennsylvania
1915–1919 		Succeeded by
Party political offices
Preceded by Republican nominee for Governor of Pennsylvania
1914 		Succeeded by

References

[edit]
  1. ^ explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=1-A-38C
  2. ^ "Martin Grove Brumbaugh". National Governors Association. January 15, 2019. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  3. ^ "Governor Martin Grove Brumbaugh | PHMC > Pennsylvania Governors". www.phmc.state.pa.us. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  4. ^ "Death of Wife of Dr. Brumbaugh". Altoona Tribune. June 30, 1914. p. 1. Retrieved May 25, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.Open access icon
  5. ^ "Martin Grove Brumbaugh". National Governors Association. January 15, 2019. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  6. ^ "Governor Brumbaugh To-Day Weds His Ward, Miss Florida Belle Parks; Ceremony in Germantown Church". The Star–Independent. January 29, 1916. p. 1. Retrieved May 25, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.Open access icon
  7. ^ "MG-348. MARTIN G. BRUMBAUGH PAPERS, 1879-1919". www.phmc.state.pa.us. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  8. ^ Earl C. Kaylor, Jr. 1996. Martin Grove Brumbaugh: A Pennsylvanian's Odyssey from Sainted Schooman to Bedeviled World War I Governor, 1862-1930. Teaneck, NJ: Fairleigh Dickinson Press, p. 311.
  9. ^ "APS Member History". search.amphilsoc.org. Retrieved December 20, 2023.
  10. ^ "Martin Grove Brumbaugh obit". Altoona Tribune. March 15, 1930. p. 1. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  11. ^ "M. G. Brumbaugh, Ex-Governor, Dies. Former Head of Pennsylvania Government Stricken While Playing Golf in South. Prominent As Educator. President of Juniata College. Was First Education Commissioner to Porto Rico". New York Times. March 15, 1930. Retrieved January 17, 2014. Stricken with heart disease while playing golf at the Pinehurst Country Club, Martin G. Brumbaugh of Huntingdon, Pa., former Governor of Pennsylvania and president of ...
  12. ^ William W. Cutler III. "Public Education: The School District of Philadelphia". The Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
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