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{{Short description|High school in Marquette, Michigan, United States}}
{{About|the school in Marquette, Michigan|other schools|Marquette High School (disambiguation){{!}}Marquette High School}}
{{use mdy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{use mdy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{infobox school
{{infobox school
Line 8: Line 10:
| state = [[Michigan]]
| state = [[Michigan]]
| zipcode = 49855
| zipcode = 49855
| country = [[United States]]
| country = United States
| coordinates = {{Coord|46.556|N|87.414|W|type:edu|display=title,inline|format=dms}}
| coordinates = {{Coord|46.556|N|87.414|W|type:edu|display=title,inline|format=dms}}
| established =
| established =
| opened = 1964
| opened = 1964
| principal = Jon Young
| principal = Brandon Wheeler
| superintendent = William Saunders
| superintendent = Zack Sedgwick
| district = Marquette Area Public Schools
| district = [[Marquette Area Public Schools]]
| teaching_staff = 49.33 (FTE)
| teaching_staff = 49.99 {{FTE}}
| enrollment = 972
| enrollment = 1097
| enrollment_as_of = 2018–19
| enrollment_as_of = 2024-2025
| ratio = 19.70
| ratio = 18.30
| colors = {{Color box|red|border=darkgray}} Red<br/>{{Color box|white|border=darkgray}} White
| colors = {{Color box|red|border=darkgray}} Red<br/>{{Color box|white|border=darkgray}} White
| nickname = Redmen/Redettes
| mascot = Redmen
| rival = [[Escanaba Senior High School]]<br/>Negaunee High School
| nickname = Sentinels
| athletics = [[Michigan High School Athletic Association|MHSAA]] Class A
| athletics = [[Michigan High School Athletic Association|MHSAA]] Class A
| conference = [[Great Northern UP Conference]]
| conference = [[Great Northern UP Conference]]<br/> [[Big North Conference (Michigan)|Big North Conference]] (football only)
| newspaper =
| newspaper = MSHS In Print
| yearbook = Tatler
| yearbook = Tatler
| website = {{url|https://mshs.mapsnet.org/}}
| website = {{URL|https://mshs.mapsnet.org/}}
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Marquette Senior High School''' (MSHS) is a [[state school|public]] [[high school]] located in [[Marquette, Michigan|Marquette]], [[Michigan]]. The high school serves grades 9–12. In the 2017–18 school year, the enrollment was 974.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.mischooldata.org/DistrictSchoolProfiles2/StudentInformation/StudentCounts/StudentCount.aspx?Common_Locations=1-S,9184,1338,97~2-A,0,0,0&Common_SchoolYear=19&Common_Grade=AllGrades&Common_LocationIncludeComparison=False&Portal_InquiryDisplayType=Trend&Common_Subgroup_StudentCountFact=AllStudents&Common_CrossTab=AllStudents |title=Student Count Trend Marquette Senior High School (02389) 2017–18 All Grades All Students |website=MI School Data |access-date=February 15, 2019}}</ref> This is a significant decline from its peak of 1579 in 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.schooldigger.com/go/MI/schools/0001303869/school.aspx |title=Marquette Senior High School |website=SchoolDigger |language=en |access-date=2019-09-28}}</ref> High-school age resident athletes from the U.S. Olympic Education Center at Northern Michigan University attend classes at MSHS. The present high school is located on the site of the former Munising Wood Products factory at the corner of Fair Avenue and Lincoln Avenue. It was also known as the Piqua Location.{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}} In the 2018–19 school year, the school had 54 members on its teaching staff, with a teacher to student ratio of 1:18.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://mshs.mapsnet.org/personnel_directory |title=PERSONNEL DIRECTORY |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190221000045/https://mshs.mapsnet.org/personnel_directory |archive-date=2019-02-21 |url-status=dead}}.</ref>


{{Infobox High school student assessments in Michigan
⚫
==History==
| year = 2021–22
| M-STEP Advanced = 24.2 / 15.7
| M-STEP Proficient = 31.3 / 33.8
| M-STEP PR Proficient = 14.2 / 38.1
| M-STEP Not Proficient = 30.3 / 12.4
| PSAT Total =
| SAT Total = 1042.8
| SAT Total change = 15.2
| ref = <ref name="misd">{{cite web |url=https://www.mischooldata.org/annual-education-report-1/ |title=MI School Data Annual Education Report|publisher=Mi School Data|access-date=2023-01-10}}</ref>
| change ref = <ref name="misd" />
}}

'''Marquette Senior High School''' ('''MSHS''') is a [[state school|public]] [[Secondary school|high school]] located in [[Marquette, Michigan|Marquette]], [[Michigan]], serving grades 9–12. The school enrolled 1097 students in 2024–25, making it the largest high school in the [[Upper Peninsula of Michigan|Upper Peninsula]]. The school is part of the [[Marquette Area Public Schools]] district.

⚫
== History ==
Marquette's first high school was constructed in 1859 on property given to the city by Morgan Hewitt. Located on the corner of Pine and Ridge Streets, the community initially opposed the project because it was "on the edge of the wilderness." Nevertheless, the red brick building with separate entrances for boys and girls was used until 1875, when it was torn down and replaced with a larger brownstone building in 1878.
Marquette's first high school was constructed in 1859 on property given to the city by Morgan Hewitt. Located on the corner of Pine and Ridge Streets, the community initially opposed the project because it was "on the edge of the wilderness." Nevertheless, the red brick building with separate entrances for boys and girls was used until 1875, when it was torn down and replaced with a larger brownstone building in 1878.


Line 41: Line 57:


Graveraet High School was replaced in 1964 by the present structure at Fair and Lincoln avenues.{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}}
Graveraet High School was replaced in 1964 by the present structure at Fair and Lincoln avenues.{{Citation needed|date=October 2007}}

In 2023, Marquette Area High School dropped the schools 'Redmen' nickname.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-18 |title=Marquette to no longer use "Redmen" |url=https://www.upmatters.com/news/local-news/north-central-up/marquette-school-board-will-get-a-new-nickname/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=WJMN - UPMatters.com |language=en-US}}</ref> In 2024, the school adopted the 'Sentinels' nickname.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-02-07 |title=Full Statement from MAPS board regarding the Marquette Sentinels trademark |url=https://www.upmatters.com/news/local-news/full-statement-from-maps-board-regarding-the-marquette-sentinels-trademark/ |access-date=2024-02-13 |website=WJMN - UPMatters.com |language=en-US}}</ref>


== Demographics ==
== Demographics ==
The demographic breakdown of the 972 students enrolled in 2018–19 was:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Search for Public Schools - School Detail for Marquette Senior High School |url=https://nces.ed.gov/ccd/schoolsearch/school_detail.asp?Search=1&Miles=10&Zip=49855&ID=260001303869 |website=nces.ed.gov |access-date=2020-08-13}}</ref>
The demographic breakdown of the 918 students enrolled in 2022-2023 was:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Student Enrollment Counts Report |url=https://www.mischooldata.org/student-enrollment-counts-report/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=www.mischooldata.org}}</ref>


=== Gender ===
* Male – 50.1%
* Female – 49.9%
* Male – 52.4% ''(481 students)''
* Female – 47.6% ''(437 students)''
⚫
* Native American – 2.5%
⚫
* Asian – 0.9%
⚫
* Black – 1.1%
⚫
* Hispanic – 0.8%
⚫
* Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander – 0.5%
* White – 90.7%
⚫
* Multiracial – 3.4%


=== Race ===
In addition, 22.2% of students were eligible for reduced-price or free lunch.
* White – 89.22% ''(819 students)''
⚫
* Multiracial – 5.66% ''(52 students)''
⚫
* Native American – 2.07% ''(19 students)''
⚫
* Hispanic – 1.53% ''(14 students)''
⚫
* Asian – 0.65% ''(6 students)''
⚫
* Black – 0.65% ''(6 students)''
⚫
* Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander – 0.22% ''(2 students)''


==Athletics==
==Athletics==
The Marquette Senior High School's athletic program is known as the Redmen and Redettes. The school's first State Championship award came in the fall of 1976 with the Girls Basketball Team coached by Barb Crill. The team was also honored several years later by the MHSAA as "Legends of the Game". The ice hockey team won the 1977,1988, 1995, 2004 and 2008 (tied) MHSAA state championships.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mhsaa.com/sports/icehockey/yearlychampions.aspx |title=Yearly Champions {{!}} Ice Hockey |publisher=MHSAA Sports}}</ref> The girls downhill ski team took the state titles in 1999–2004, 2008, 2009, and 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mhsaa.com/sports/girlsskiing/yearlychampions.aspx |title=Yearly Champions {{!}} Girls Skiing |publisher=MHSAA Sports}}</ref> The boys downhill ski team were the state champs in 1997, 2000–2003, 2006, 2009, and 2013–2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mhsaa.com/sports/boysskiing/yearlychampions.aspx |title=Yearly Champions {{!}} Boys Skiing |publisher=MHSAA Sports}}</ref> The Girls Swimming and Diving team have been the UP champions 21 times (1980, 1981, 1989–1993, 1995–1997, 2002–2012).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mhsaa.com/sports/girlsswimmingdiving/teamchampions.aspx |title=Team Champions {{!}} Girls Swimming & Diving |publisher=MHSAA Sports}}</ref>
The Marquette Senior High School's athletic program is known as the Sentinels. The school's first State Championship award came in the fall of 1976 with the Girls Basketball Team coached by Barb Crill. The team was also honored several years later by the [[Michigan High School Athletic Association|MHSAA]] as "Legends of the Game". The ice hockey team won the 1977,1988, 1995, 2004 and 2008 (tied) MHSAA state championships.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mhsaa.com/sports/icehockey/yearlychampions.aspx |title=Yearly Champions {{!}} Ice Hockey |publisher=MHSAA Sports}}</ref> The girls downhill ski team took the state titles in 1999–2004, 2008, 2009, and 2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mhsaa.com/sports/girlsskiing/yearlychampions.aspx |title=Yearly Champions {{!}} Girls Skiing |publisher=MHSAA Sports}}</ref> The boys downhill ski team were the state champs in 1997, 2000–2003, 2006, 2009, and 2013–2016.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mhsaa.com/sports/boysskiing/yearlychampions.aspx |title=Yearly Champions {{!}} Boys Skiing |publisher=MHSAA Sports}}</ref> The Girls Swimming and Diving team have been the UP champions 21 times (1980, 1981, 1989–1993, 1995–1997, 2002–2012).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mhsaa.com/sports/girlsswimmingdiving/teamchampions.aspx |title=Team Champions {{!}} Girls Swimming & Diving |publisher=MHSAA Sports}}</ref>

The MHSAA designates Marquette Senior High as a Class "A" school.<ref>{{Cite web |title=MHSAA > Schools |url=https://www.mhsaa.com/schools/marquette |access-date=2020-09-27 |website=www.mhsaa.com}}</ref> This makes it the only Class A school in the Upper Peninsula.

==Nickname Controversy and Change==

The exact origin of the "Redmen" nickname is unknown, with some saying it is from the 1910s and some saying the 1920s. Many sources attribute the origin of the school's red color to the red sweaters worn by athletic participants in the 1920s. These sweaters were inspired by the [[alma mater]] of the superintendent at the time, [[Harvard University|Harvard]], and its crimson-red color. The [[Tribal chief|chieftain]] mascot came around the 1930s or 1940s as an homage to Indian strength.<ref name="upmatters.com">{{Cite web |date=2023-07-19 |title=Marquette to no longer use "Redmen" nickname |url=https://www.upmatters.com/news/marquette-no-longer-will-use-redmen-nickname/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=WJMN - UPMatters.com |language=en-US}}</ref>

There has been controversy about the name for many years. However, it started ramping up in the 1990s when Native American groups argued that the nickname was offensive and perpetuated negative stereotypes. They also pointed out that the use of Native American mascots and logos is a form of [[cultural appropriation]]. Many disagreed with these claims, though, saying it was a source of pride for them and their school.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tribal leader opposes school nickname |url=https://www.dailypress.net/news/local-news/2022/12/tribal-leader-opposes-school-nickname/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=TheDailyPress |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 1998, the [[Marquette Area Public Schools|Marquette Area Public School's]] board retired the Indian Chief logo but kept the Redmen nickname.<ref>{{Cite web |title=ESPN.com - OTL: What's in a name? |url=http://www.espn.com/otl/americans/mascots.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230513065749/http://www.espn.com/otl/americans/mascots.html |archive-date=2023-05-13 |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=www.espn.com}}</ref> In 2023, the school board decided to retire the nickname after a 4–3 vote, completely dissolving the Redmen nickname from the school and all athletic events.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tudor |first=Jerry |date=2023-07-17 |title=MAPS board votes to remove Redmen, Redette nicknames |url=https://www.uppermichiganssource.com/2023/07/17/live-maps-board-takes-up-redmen-redette-nicknames/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=www.uppermichiganssource.com |language=en}}</ref> The school then called for the community to vote on possible names for the school. Names were then slowly narrowed down, and on January 22, 2024, the name "Sentinels" was chosen to replace Redmen.<ref name="upmatters.com"/><ref>{{Cite web |last=Hall |first=Jack |title=REPLACING REDMEN: Marquette School Board Narrows Nickname List |url=https://www.radioresultsnetwork.com/2024/01/09/replacing-redmen-marquette-school-board-narrows-nickname-list/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Radioresultsnetwork.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tudor |first=Jerry |date=2024-01-23 |title=Marquette Area Public School Board selects Sentinels as new nickname |url=https://www.uppermichiganssource.com/2024/01/23/marquette-area-public-school-board-selects-sentinels-new-nickname/ |access-date=2024-02-07 |website=www.uppermichiganssource.com |language=en}}</ref>


==Notable alumni==
==Notable alumni==
*[[Gus Sonnenberg]] (1915) - NFL player and professional wrestler<ref>{{cite web |title=Gus Sonnenberg Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College |url=https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/S/SonnGu20.htm |website=Pro-Football-Reference.com |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Gus Sonnenberg]] (1915): member of the 1928 NFL championship team [[Providence Steam Roller]], multi-time professional wrestling World Heavyweight Champion
*[[Bob Chase]] (1943): play-by-play broadcaster for the [[Fort Wayne Komets]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.journalgazette.net/sports/professional/komets/legendary-komets-broadcaster-dies |title=Legendary Komets broadcaster dies |last=Cohn |first=Justin A. |date=November 24, 2016 |work=[[Fort Wayne Journal Gazette]]}}</ref>
*[[Bob Chase]] (1943): play-by-play broadcaster<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.journalgazette.net/sports/professional/komets/legendary-komets-broadcaster-dies |title=Legendary Komets broadcaster dies |last=Cohn |first=Justin A. |date=November 24, 2016 |work=[[Fort Wayne Journal Gazette]]}}</ref>
*[[Chris Thorpe]] (1988): Olympic silver medalist in luge doubles, Nagano, Japan, 1998.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Upper Peninsula Celebrities Page |url=http://www.geocities.com/lukefisk.geo/celebrities.html |accessdate=2006-07-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050320021823/http://www.geocities.com/lukefisk.geo/celebrities.html |archivedate=2005-03-20}}</ref>
*[[Chris Thorpe]] (1988) - luger<ref>{{cite web |title=The Upper Peninsula Celebrities Page |url=http://www.geocities.com/lukefisk.geo/celebrities.html |accessdate=2006-07-25 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20050320021823/http://www.geocities.com/lukefisk.geo/celebrities.html |archivedate=2005-03-20}}</ref>
*[[Vernon Forrest]] (1991) - boxer<ref>{{cite web |title=Vernon Forrest News {{!}} Photos {{!}} Quotes {{!}} Video {{!}} Wiki - UPI.com |url=https://www.upi.com/topic/Vernon_Forrest/ |website=UPI |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Vernon Forrest]] (1991): member of 1992 United States Olympic Boxing Team, welterweight and light-heavyweight world champion
*[[Shani Davis]] (2000): two-time Olympic gold medalist in speed skating (2006, 2010).<ref>{{cite web |title=Shani Davis Speedskating |url=http://www.ShaniDavis.org |accessdate=2006-07-25}}</ref>
*[[Shani Davis]] (2000) - speedskater<ref>{{cite web |title=Shani Davis Speedskating |url=http://www.ShaniDavis.org |accessdate=2006-07-25}}</ref>
*[[Helen Maroulis]] (2009) - freestyle wrestler<ref>{{cite web |title=2009-10 Women's Wrestling Roster |url=https://mbuspartans.com/sports/womens-wrestling/roster/helen-maroulis/3301 |website=MISSOURI BAPTIST UNIVERSITY ATHLETICs}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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*[http://www.mapsnet.org/?portalid=0 Marquette Area Public Schools]
*[http://www.mapsnet.org/?portalid=0 Marquette Area Public Schools]
{{Great Northern UP Conference}}
{{Great Northern UP Conference}}

{{authority control}}


[[Category:Public high schools in Michigan]]
[[Category:Public high schools in Michigan]]

Latest revision as of 22:31, 25 November 2024

This article is about the school in Marquette, Michigan. For other schools, see Marquette High School.

Marquette Senior High School
Address
Map
1203 West Fair Avenue

Marquette
,
Michigan
49855

United States
Coordinates46°33′22″N 87°24′50″W / 46.556°N 87.414°W / 46.556; -87.414
Information
Opened1964
School districtMarquette Area Public Schools
SuperintendentZack Sedgwick
PrincipalBrandon Wheeler
Teaching staff49.99 (on an FTE basis)
Enrollment1097 (2024-2025)
Student to teacher ratio18.30
Color(s)  Red
  White
AthleticsMHSAA Class A
Athletics conferenceGreat Northern UP Conference
Big North Conference (football only)
MascotRedmen
NicknameSentinels
NewspaperMSHS In Print
YearbookTatler
Websitemshs.mapsnet.org
Student assessments
2021–22 school
year[1]
Change vs.
prior year[1]
M-STEP 11th grade proficiency rates
(Science / Social Studies)
Advanced %24.2 / 15.7
Proficient %31.3 / 33.8
PR. Proficient %14.2 / 38.1
Not Proficient %30.3 / 12.4
Average test scores
SAT Total1042.8
(Increase +15.2)

Marquette Senior High School (MSHS) is a public high school located in Marquette, Michigan, serving grades 9–12. The school enrolled 1097 students in 2024–25, making it the largest high school in the Upper Peninsula. The school is part of the Marquette Area Public Schools district.

History

[edit]

Marquette's first high school was constructed in 1859 on property given to the city by Morgan Hewitt. Located on the corner of Pine and Ridge Streets, the community initially opposed the project because it was "on the edge of the wilderness." Nevertheless, the red brick building with separate entrances for boys and girls was used until 1875, when it was torn down and replaced with a larger brownstone building in 1878.

After fire claimed the brownstone in February 1900, the Howard High School (named after John M. Longyear's son) was constructed in 1902 along with an elementary school and a manual training building. However, the school had been built to accommodate 200 students, but reached an enrollment of nearly 400 by 1915, so the community began a search for a new site.

Harriet K. Adams, widow of pioneer Sidney Adams, donated land on the corner of Front and Hewitt streets for a new high school, and gave $2,500 for gymnasium equipment, but World War I postponed those plans until 1923.

In 1925, voters approved a bond issue of $475,000 to build the new high school on the 8 lots on Front Street between Ohio Street and Hewitt Avenue (as well as expand the Fisher School).[citation needed] Louis Kaufman donated $26,000 to the school board to replace the funds it had spent on land acquisition, so that more money could be spent on construction. In appreciation, the board voted unanimously to name the school after Kaufman's mother, Juliet Graveraet; they later named the auditorium after Kaufman himself.[2][citation needed]

Graveraet High School was replaced in 1964 by the present structure at Fair and Lincoln avenues.[citation needed]

In 2023, Marquette Area High School dropped the schools 'Redmen' nickname.[3] In 2024, the school adopted the 'Sentinels' nickname.[4]

Demographics

[edit]

The demographic breakdown of the 918 students enrolled in 2022-2023 was:[5]

Gender

[edit]
  • Male – 52.4% (481 students)
  • Female – 47.6% (437 students)

Race

[edit]
  • White – 89.22% (819 students)
  • Multiracial – 5.66% (52 students)
  • Native American – 2.07% (19 students)
  • Hispanic – 1.53% (14 students)
  • Asian – 0.65% (6 students)
  • Black – 0.65% (6 students)
  • Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander – 0.22% (2 students)

Athletics

[edit]

The Marquette Senior High School's athletic program is known as the Sentinels. The school's first State Championship award came in the fall of 1976 with the Girls Basketball Team coached by Barb Crill. The team was also honored several years later by the MHSAA as "Legends of the Game". The ice hockey team won the 1977,1988, 1995, 2004 and 2008 (tied) MHSAA state championships.[6] The girls downhill ski team took the state titles in 1999–2004, 2008, 2009, and 2016.[7] The boys downhill ski team were the state champs in 1997, 2000–2003, 2006, 2009, and 2013–2016.[8] The Girls Swimming and Diving team have been the UP champions 21 times (1980, 1981, 1989–1993, 1995–1997, 2002–2012).[9]

The MHSAA designates Marquette Senior High as a Class "A" school.[10] This makes it the only Class A school in the Upper Peninsula.

Nickname Controversy and Change

[edit]

The exact origin of the "Redmen" nickname is unknown, with some saying it is from the 1910s and some saying the 1920s. Many sources attribute the origin of the school's red color to the red sweaters worn by athletic participants in the 1920s. These sweaters were inspired by the alma mater of the superintendent at the time, Harvard, and its crimson-red color. The chieftain mascot came around the 1930s or 1940s as an homage to Indian strength.[11]

There has been controversy about the name for many years. However, it started ramping up in the 1990s when Native American groups argued that the nickname was offensive and perpetuated negative stereotypes. They also pointed out that the use of Native American mascots and logos is a form of cultural appropriation. Many disagreed with these claims, though, saying it was a source of pride for them and their school.[12]

In 1998, the Marquette Area Public School's board retired the Indian Chief logo but kept the Redmen nickname.[13] In 2023, the school board decided to retire the nickname after a 4–3 vote, completely dissolving the Redmen nickname from the school and all athletic events.[14] The school then called for the community to vote on possible names for the school. Names were then slowly narrowed down, and on January 22, 2024, the name "Sentinels" was chosen to replace Redmen.[11][15][16]

Notable alumni

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "MI School Data Annual Education Report". Mi School Data. Retrieved January 10, 2023.
  2. ^ "Kaufman Auditorium History".
  3. ^ "Marquette to no longer use "Redmen"". WJMN - UPMatters.com. July 18, 2023. Retrieved February 13, 2024.
  4. ^ "Full Statement from MAPS board regarding the Marquette Sentinels trademark". WJMN - UPMatters.com. February 7, 2024. Retrieved February 13, 2024.
  5. ^ "Student Enrollment Counts Report". www.mischooldata.org. Retrieved February 7, 2024.
  6. ^ "Yearly Champions | Ice Hockey". MHSAA Sports.
  7. ^ "Yearly Champions | Girls Skiing". MHSAA Sports.
  8. ^ "Yearly Champions | Boys Skiing". MHSAA Sports.
  9. ^ "Team Champions | Girls Swimming & Diving". MHSAA Sports.
  10. ^ "MHSAA > Schools". www.mhsaa.com. Retrieved September 27, 2020.
  11. ^ a b "Marquette to no longer use "Redmen" nickname". WJMN - UPMatters.com. July 19, 2023. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  12. ^ "Tribal leader opposes school nickname". TheDailyPress. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  13. ^ "ESPN.com - OTL: What's in a name?". www.espn.com. Archived from the original on May 13, 2023. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  14. ^ Tudor, Jerry (July 17, 2023). "MAPS board votes to remove Redmen, Redette nicknames". www.uppermichiganssource.com. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  15. ^ Hall, Jack. "REPLACING REDMEN: Marquette School Board Narrows Nickname List". Radioresultsnetwork.com. Retrieved January 10, 2024.
  16. ^ Tudor, Jerry (January 23, 2024). "Marquette Area Public School Board selects Sentinels as new nickname". www.uppermichiganssource.com. Retrieved February 7, 2024.
  17. ^ "Gus Sonnenberg Stats, Height, Weight, Position, Draft, College". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
  18. ^ Cohn, Justin A. (November 24, 2016). "Legendary Komets broadcaster dies". Fort Wayne Journal Gazette.
  19. ^ "The Upper Peninsula Celebrities Page". Archived from the original on March 20, 2005. Retrieved July 25, 2006.
  20. ^ "Vernon Forrest News | Photos | Quotes | Video | Wiki - UPI.com". UPI.
  21. ^ "Shani Davis Speedskating". Retrieved July 25, 2006.
  22. ^ "2009-10 Women's Wrestling Roster". MISSOURI BAPTIST UNIVERSITY ATHLETICs.
  • Longtine and Chappell (1999). Then and Now: Fascinating Vignettes of Marquette's Progress to the Present. North Shore Publications.
[edit]
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