Lütfi Pasha: Difference between revisions
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{{family name hatnote|Lütfi|Pasha||lang=Ottoman Turkish}} |
{{family name hatnote|Lütfi|Pasha||lang=Ottoman Turkish}} |
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{{Infobox Officeholder |
{{Infobox Officeholder |
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| honorific-prefix = [[Damat]] [[Çelebi ( |
| honorific-prefix = [[Damat]] [[Çelebi (title)|Çelebi]] |
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| name = Lütfi |
| name = Lütfi |
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| honorific-suffix = [[Pasha]] |
| honorific-suffix = [[Pasha]] |
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| image = Arolsen Klebeband 01 465 3.jpg |
| image = Arolsen Klebeband 01 465 3.jpg |
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| image_size = 250px |
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| caption = An engraving of Lütfi Pasha by [[Johann Theodor de Bry]], 1590s |
| caption = An engraving of Lütfi Pasha by [[Johann Theodor de Bry]], 1590s |
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| office1 = |
| office1 = 30th [[Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire]] |
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| monarch1 = [[Suleiman the Magnificent|Suleiman I]] |
| monarch1 = [[Suleiman the Magnificent|Suleiman I]] |
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| term_start1 = 13 July 1539 |
| term_start1 = 13 July 1539 |
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| predecessor1 = [[Ayas Mehmed Pasha]] |
| predecessor1 = [[Ayas Mehmed Pasha]] |
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| successor1 = [[Hadım Suleiman Pasha]] |
| successor1 = [[Hadım Suleiman Pasha]] |
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| office2 = |
| office2 = |
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| monarch2 = |
| monarch2 = |
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| term_start2 = |
| term_start2 = |
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| predecessor2 = |
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| successor2 = |
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| office3 = |
| office3 = |
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| monarch3 = |
| monarch3 = |
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| term_start3 = |
| term_start3 = |
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| predecessor3 = |
| predecessor3 = |
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| successor3 = |
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| office4 = |
| office4 = |
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| monarch4 = |
| monarch4 = |
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| predecessor4 = |
| predecessor4 = |
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| successor4 = |
| successor4 = |
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| succeeding = |
| succeeding = |
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| birth_date = {{circa}} 1488 |
| birth_date = {{circa}} 1488 |
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| birth_place = |
| birth_place = [[Vlora]], Albania |
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| death_date = 27 March 1564 (aged 75-76) |
| death_date = 27 March 1564 (aged 75-76) |
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| death_place = [[Didymoteicho]] |
| death_place = [[Didymoteicho]] (modern [[Greece]]) |
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| nationality = [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] |
| nationality = [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]]-Albanian |
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| spouse = {{marriage|[[Şah Sultan (daughter of Selim I)|Şah Sultan]]|1523|1541|end=divorce}} |
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| relations = |
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| children = Esmehan Hanımsultan<br/>Sultanzade Ahmed Bey<br/>Sultanzade Abdi Bey<br/>Sultanzade Mahmud Bey |
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| spouse = [[Şah Sultan (daughter of Selim I)|Şah Sultan]] (1523–1541; divorced) |
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'''Lütfi Pasha''' ({{ |
'''Lütfi Pasha''' ({{langx|ota|لطفى پاشا}}, ''Luṭfī Paşa''; [[Turkish language|Modern Turkish]]: ''Lütfi Paşa'', more fully ''Damat Çelebi Lütfi Paşa''; {{circa}} 1488 – 27 March 1564, [[Didymoteicho]]) was an Ottoman Albanian statesman, [[general]], and [[Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire|Grand Vizier]] of the [[Ottoman Empire]] under [[Suleiman the Magnificent]] from 1539 to 1541.<ref name = turkbook>İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971 (Turkish)</ref> He wrote 21 works mainly on religious topics but also on history, 13 of them written in [[Arabic]] and eight in [[Turkish language|Turkish]]. Two of his works are the ''Asafname'', a kind of mirror for ministers, and the ''Tevâriḫ-i Âl-i ‘Os̱mân'', dealing with Ottoman history and including his own experiences in the reign of the sultans [[Bayezid II]], [[Selim I]] and [[Suleyman I]].<ref>E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, M. Th. Houtsma, page 55</ref> |
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==Life== |
==Life== |
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Lütfi was an [[Albanians|Albanian]]<ref name="google">{{cite book|title=The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913|author=Gawrych, G.|date=2006|publisher=I. B. Tauris|isbn=9781845112875|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wPOtzk-unJgC&pg=PA58|page=58|access-date=2015-08-26}}</ref> from [[Vlora]].<ref>K. Dervishi "Kryeministrat dhe ministrat shqiptare ne 100 vjet"</ref> He is thought to have been brought |
Lütfi was an [[Albanians|Albanian]]<ref name="google">{{cite book|title=The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913|author=Gawrych, G.|date=2006|publisher=I. B. Tauris|isbn=9781845112875|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wPOtzk-unJgC&pg=PA58|page=58|access-date=2015-08-26}}</ref> from [[Vlora]].<ref>K. Dervishi "Kryeministrat dhe ministrat shqiptare ne 100 vjet"</ref> He is thought to have been brought under Ottoman service as a [[devshirme]], but there is also possibility that his Christian parents sent him in the [[Bayazid II]]'s ''harem-i hass'', where he received a thorough indoctrination in Islam in order to advance in career. |
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under Ottoman service as a [[devshirme]], but there is also possibility that his Christian parents sent him in the [[Bayazid II]]'s ''harem-i hass'', where he received a thorough indoctrination in Islam in order to advance in career. |
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His first appointment to service outside the palace was as [[sanjakbey]] of [[ |
His first appointment to service outside the palace was as [[sanjakbey]] of [[Kastamonu]], and he subsequently became [[beylerbey]] of [[Karaman]]. Lütfi Pasha himself gave these details of his life in the introduction to his ''Asafname''. However, he does not give the dates of his appointments and omits all details of his life before entering the Palace. He may also have served as sanjakbey first of [[Aydın]] and then of [[Ioannina|Yanya]] (Ioannina), since Feridun Bey mentions a Lütfi Bey who served at the [[siege of Rhodes (1522)|siege of Rhodes]] in 1522 as sanjakbey of Aydın (Feridun Bey, ''Münşe'at al-selâtin'', İstanbul 1274 AH/1857) and a Lütfi Bey who served at the [[Siege of Vienna (1529)|siege of Vienna]] in 1529 as sanjakbey of Yanya (''ibid''. I, 573). These references may well be to Lütfi Pasha, the future Grand Vizier, since the latter himself stated to have participated in both these campaigns (Lütfi Pasha, ''Tevârih-i 'Al-i Osman'', ed. Ali, İstanbul 1341/1922–3, 3). In his book he laid stress on the question of whether the Ottoman sultans who were non-[[Arab]] could assume the title of [[caliph]] or not. |
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In 941/1534–5 he became Third Vizier. By this time, he had, by his own account, served in Selim I's wars against the [[Safavid]]s in [[Eastern Anatolia]] and against the [[Mamelukes]] in [[Syria]] and [[Egypt]]. Under Suleiman I, he took part in the campaigns of [[Siege of Belgrade (1521)|Belgrade]] in 1521 and Rhodes in 1522. |
In 941/1534–5 he became Third Vizier. By this time, he had, by his own account, served in Selim I's wars against the [[Safavid]]s in [[Eastern Anatolia]] and against the [[Mamelukes]] in [[Syria]] and [[Egypt]]. Under Suleiman I, he took part in the campaigns of [[Siege of Belgrade (1521)|Belgrade]] in 1521 and Rhodes in 1522. |
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He became [[Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire]] in 1539 after the death of [[Ayas Mehmed Pasha]] (who held his position for three years following the execution of [[Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha]]). In 1541 he beat his wife, [[Şah Sultan (daughter of Selim I)| |
He became [[Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire]] in 1539 after the death of [[Ayas Mehmed Pasha]] (who held his position for three years following the execution of [[Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha]]). In 1541 he beat his wife, [[Şah Sultan (daughter of Selim I)|Şah Sultan]], a half-sister of Suleiman, following her complaint of the pasha's overly harsh punishment of an adulteress. The princess divorced him with Suleiman's permission, and the sultan deposed him, naming [[Hadım Suleiman Pasha]] the new Grand Vizier. |
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== |
==In media== |
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He wrote 21 works mainly on religious topics but also on history, 13 of them written in [[Arabic]] and eight in [[Turkish language|Turkish]]. |
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Two of his works are the ''Asafname'', a kind of mirror for ministers, and the ''Tevâriḫ-i Âl-i ‘Os̱mân'', dealing with Ottoman history and including his own experiences in the reign of the sultans [[Bayezid II]], [[Selim I]] and [[Suleyman I]].<ref>E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, M. Th. Houtsma, page 55</ref> |
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==Depictions in literature and popular culture== |
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In the TV series ''[[Muhteşem Yüzyıl]]'', Lütfi Pasha is played by Turkish actor [[Mehmet Özgür]]. |
In the TV series ''[[Muhteşem Yüzyıl]]'', Lütfi Pasha is played by Turkish actor [[Mehmet Özgür]]. |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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* [[List of Ottoman |
* [[List of Ottoman grand viziers]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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[[Category:Pashas]] |
[[Category:Pashas]] |
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[[Category:Albanian Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire]] |
[[Category:Albanian Grand Viziers of the Ottoman Empire]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Devshirme]] |
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[[Category:Grand Viziers of Suleiman the Magnificent]] |
[[Category:Grand Viziers of Suleiman the Magnificent]] |
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[[Category:Muslim historians of the Ottoman Empire]] |
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[[Category:16th-century historians from the Ottoman Empire]] |
[[Category:16th-century historians from the Ottoman Empire]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Albanian people from the Ottoman Empire]] |
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[[Category:Damats]] |
[[Category:Damats]] |
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[[Category:1564 deaths]] |
[[Category:1564 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Albanian Pashas]] |
[[Category:Albanian Pashas]] |
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[[Category:People from Vlorë]] |
[[Category:People from Vlorë]] |
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[[Category:Scholars of the Ottoman Empire]] |
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[[Category:Muslim historians]] |
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Latest revision as of 01:53, 26 November 2024
Lütfi | |
|---|---|
 An engraving of Lütfi Pasha by Johann Theodor de Bry, 1590s | |
| 30th Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire | |
| In office 13 July 1539 – April 1541 | |
| Monarch | Suleiman I |
| Preceded by | Ayas Mehmed Pasha |
| Succeeded by | Hadım Suleiman Pasha |
| Personal details | |
| Born | c. 1488 Vlora, Albania |
| Died | 27 March 1564 (aged 75-76) Didymoteicho (modern Greece) |
| Nationality | Ottoman-Albanian |
| Spouse | |
| Children | Esmehan Hanımsultan Sultanzade Ahmed Bey Sultanzade Abdi Bey Sultanzade Mahmud Bey |
Lütfi Pasha (Ottoman Turkish: لطفى پاشا, Luṭfī Paşa; Modern Turkish: Lütfi Paşa, more fully Damat Çelebi Lütfi Paşa; c. 1488 – 27 March 1564, Didymoteicho) was an Ottoman Albanian statesman, general, and Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire under Suleiman the Magnificent from 1539 to 1541.[1] He wrote 21 works mainly on religious topics but also on history, 13 of them written in Arabic and eight in Turkish. Two of his works are the Asafname, a kind of mirror for ministers, and the Tevâriḫ-i Âl-i ‘Os̱mân, dealing with Ottoman history and including his own experiences in the reign of the sultans Bayezid II, Selim I and Suleyman I.[2]
Life
[edit]Lütfi was an Albanian[3] from Vlora.[4] He is thought to have been brought under Ottoman service as a devshirme, but there is also possibility that his Christian parents sent him in the Bayazid II's harem-i hass, where he received a thorough indoctrination in Islam in order to advance in career.
His first appointment to service outside the palace was as sanjakbey of Kastamonu, and he subsequently became beylerbey of Karaman. Lütfi Pasha himself gave these details of his life in the introduction to his Asafname. However, he does not give the dates of his appointments and omits all details of his life before entering the Palace. He may also have served as sanjakbey first of Aydın and then of Yanya (Ioannina), since Feridun Bey mentions a Lütfi Bey who served at the siege of Rhodes in 1522 as sanjakbey of Aydın (Feridun Bey, Münşe'at al-selâtin, İstanbul 1274 AH/1857) and a Lütfi Bey who served at the siege of Vienna in 1529 as sanjakbey of Yanya (ibid. I, 573). These references may well be to Lütfi Pasha, the future Grand Vizier, since the latter himself stated to have participated in both these campaigns (Lütfi Pasha, Tevârih-i 'Al-i Osman, ed. Ali, İstanbul 1341/1922–3, 3). In his book he laid stress on the question of whether the Ottoman sultans who were non-Arab could assume the title of caliph or not.
In 941/1534–5 he became Third Vizier. By this time, he had, by his own account, served in Selim I's wars against the Safavids in Eastern Anatolia and against the Mamelukes in Syria and Egypt. Under Suleiman I, he took part in the campaigns of Belgrade in 1521 and Rhodes in 1522.
He became Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire in 1539 after the death of Ayas Mehmed Pasha (who held his position for three years following the execution of Pargalı Ibrahim Pasha). In 1541 he beat his wife, Şah Sultan, a half-sister of Suleiman, following her complaint of the pasha's overly harsh punishment of an adulteress. The princess divorced him with Suleiman's permission, and the sultan deposed him, naming Hadım Suleiman Pasha the new Grand Vizier.
In media
[edit]In the TV series Muhteşem Yüzyıl, Lütfi Pasha is played by Turkish actor Mehmet Özgür.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ İsmail Hâmi Danişmend, Osmanlı Devlet Erkânı, Türkiye Yayınevi, İstanbul, 1971 (Turkish)
- ^ E. J. Brill's First Encyclopaedia of Islam, 1913–1936, M. Th. Houtsma, page 55
- ^ Gawrych, G. (2006). The Crescent and the Eagle: Ottoman Rule, Islam and the Albanians, 1874–1913. I. B. Tauris. p. 58. ISBN 9781845112875. Retrieved 2015-08-26.
- ^ K. Dervishi "Kryeministrat dhe ministrat shqiptare ne 100 vjet"
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