Jump to content

Přerov: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 49°27′20″N 17°27′4″E / 49.45556°N 17.45111°E / 49.45556; 17.45111
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
population, demography, history, sport
 
(36 intermediate revisions by 15 users not shown)
Line 2: Line 2:
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Přerov
| name = Přerov
| native_name =
| other_name =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Statutory city (Czech Republic)|Statutory city]]
| settlement_type = [[Statutory city (Czech Republic)|Statutory city]]
<!-- images, nickname, motto -->
<!-- images -->
| image_skyline = Zámek, Přerov (07).jpg
| image_skyline = Zámek, Přerov (07).jpg
| image_caption = Horní Square in Přerov
| image_caption = Horní Square
| image_flag = Prerov.jpg
| image_flag = Prerov.jpg
| image_shield = Znak_města_Přerov.svg
| image_shield = Znak_města_Přerov.svg
| etymology =
<!-- location -->
<!-- location -->
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
Line 28: Line 26:
<!-- government type, leaders -->
<!-- government type, leaders -->
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Petr Měřínský
| leader_name = Petr Vrána
| leader_party = [[ANO 2011|ANO]]
| leader_party = [[ANO 2011|ANO]]
<!-- established -->
<!-- established -->
Line 40: Line 38:
| elevation_m = 210
| elevation_m = 210
<!-- population -->
<!-- population -->
| population_as_of = 2021-01-01
| population_as_of = 2024-01-01
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2021|url=https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/population-of-municipalities-1-january-2021|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2021-04-30}}</ref>
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{cite web |title=Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024|url=https://www.czso.cz/csu/czso/population-of-municipalities-qexb0dqr2d|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2024-05-17}}</ref>
| population_total = 42451
| population_total = 41661
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
<!-- time zone(s) -->
<!-- time zone(s) -->
Line 50: Line 48:
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
| utc_offset1_DST = +2
<!-- postal codes, area code -->
<!-- postal codes, area code -->
| postal_code_type = Postal code
| postal_code_type = Postal codes
| postal_code = 750 02
| postal_code = 750 02, 751 24, 751 27
| area_code_type =
| area_code_type =
| area_code =
| area_code =
Line 58: Line 56:
| footnotes =
| footnotes =
}}
}}
'''Přerov''' ({{IPA-cs|ˈpr̝̊ɛrof}}; {{lang-de|Prerau}}) is a city in the [[Olomouc Region]] of the [[Czech Republic]]. It has about 42,000 inhabitants. It lies on the [[Bečva]] River, about {{convert|22|km|0|abbr=off}} south east of [[Olomouc]]. In the past it was a major crossroad in the heart of [[Moravia]] in the Czech Republic. The centre of the town (Upper Town) is well preserved and is protected by law as an [[Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones|urban monument zone]].
'''Přerov''' ({{IPA|cs|ˈpr̝̊ɛrof|audio=Přerov.wav}}; {{langx|de|Prerau}}) is a city in the [[Olomouc Region]] of the [[Czech Republic]]. It has about 42,000 inhabitants. It lies on the [[Bečva]] River. In the past it was a major crossroad in the heart of [[Moravia]] in the Czech Republic. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an [[Cultural monument (Czech Republic)#Monument zones|urban monument zone]].


==Administrative parts==
==Administrative division==
{{stack|[[File:Predmosti 2007 namesticko.JPG|thumb|Předmostí]]}}
{{stack|[[File:Predmosti 2007 namesticko.JPG|thumb|Předmostí]]}}
Přerov is made up of 13 city parts and villages:
Přerov is made up of 13 city parts and villages:<ref>{{cite web |title=Části obcí|url=http://www.uir.cz/casti-obce|work=Územně identifikační registr ČR|language=cs|access-date=2023-11-14}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=11em}}
{{div col|colwidth=11em}}
*Přerov I-Město
*Přerov I-Město
Line 78: Line 76:
*Přerov XIII-Penčice
*Přerov XIII-Penčice
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}

==Etymology==
The name Přerov is of [[Slavic languages|Old Slavic]] origin. It meant 'ditch', 'pool', 'swamp', or 'stagnant water'.<ref>{{cite web |title=O původu a jménu města Přerova|url=https://www.prerov.eu/cs/o-prerove/zajimavosti-a-pamatky/mala-prerovska-tajemstvi/o-puvodu-a-jmenu-mesta-prerova.html|publisher=City of Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2023-05-20}}</ref>

==Geography==
Přerov is located about {{convert|19|km}} southeast of [[Olomouc]]. The eastern part of the municipal territory lies in the [[Moravian Gate]] lowlands, the western part lies in the [[Upper Morava Valley]]. A small northern part extends into the [[Nízký Jeseník]] range. The highest point is the hill Čekyňský kopec at {{convert|307|m|ft|abbr=on}} above sea level. The [[Bečva]] River flows through the city.


==History==
==History==
[[File:Pohled na historické centrum přes Bečvu, Přerov.jpg|thumb|River Bečva and the historical centre]]
[[File:Pohled na historické centrum přes Bečvu, Přerov.jpg|thumb|River Bečva and the historical centre]]
⚫
[[File:Přerov, kostel svatého Vavřince.jpg|thumb|170px|Church of Saint Lawrence]]

Settlement in the locality dates back to prehistoric times. A locality called [[Předmostí u Přerova (archaeological site)|Skalka]] in Předmostí city part is known worldwide for its rich archaeological discoveries dating mainly from the Paleolithic period. Discoveries include excavations of a large number of mammoth bones, sites of mammoth hunters' camps from 27–26 thousand years ago, and others. Together with [[Dolní Věstonice (archaeological site)|Dolní Věstonice]] it is the most important archaeological site in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vítejte ve městě s mamutí historií!|url=http://www.mamutov.eu/|publisher=Infocentrum v Předmostí|language=cs|access-date=2021-06-12}}</ref>
Settlement in the locality dates back to prehistoric times. A locality called [[Předmostí u Přerova (archaeological site)|Skalka]] in Předmostí city part is known worldwide for its rich archaeological discoveries dating mainly from the Paleolithic period. Discoveries include excavations of a large number of mammoth bones, sites of mammoth hunters' camps from 27–26 thousand years ago, and others. Together with [[Dolní Věstonice (archaeological site)|Dolní Věstonice]] it is the most important archaeological site in the country.<ref>{{cite web |title=Vítejte ve městě s mamutí historií!|url=http://www.mamutov.eu/|publisher=Infocentrum v Předmostí|language=cs|access-date=2021-06-12}}</ref>


The first written mention of Přerov is in a deed of bishop [[Jindřich Zdík]] from 1141 and testifies to Přerov's administrative function in the castle system of the [[Přemyslid dynasty|Přemyslid]] state. King [[Ottokar II of Bohemia]] gave Přerov the privilege of being a royal town in 1256.<ref name=history>{{cite web |title=Historie města|url=https://www.prerov.eu/cs/o-prerove/historie-mesta/|publisher=Město Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2021-06-12}}</ref>
The first written mention of Přerov is in a deed of bishop [[Jindřich Zdík]] from 1141 and testifies to Přerov's administrative function in the castle system of the [[Přemyslid dynasty|Přemyslid]] state. King [[Ottokar II of Bohemia]] gave Přerov the privilege of being a royal town in 1256.<ref name=history>{{cite web |title=Historie města|url=https://www.prerov.eu/cs/o-prerove/historie-mesta/|publisher=City of Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref>


An old stone fortress was built here in the first half of the 13th century. It was conquered and damaged during the [[Hussite Wars]]. In 1487, Přerov was acquired by the [[Pernštejn family]]. Vilém of Pernštejn had rebuilt the Horní Square and the fortress, which became a solid Gothic castle.<ref name=castle>{{cite web |title=Historie zámku|url=https://prerovmuzeum.cz/informace/o-zamku-v-prerove/historie-zamku|publisher=Muzeum Komenského Přerově|language=cs|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref> The hill around the castle was colonized by new settlers, including members of the [[Moravian Church|Unity of the Brethren]], thanks to which the town became a centre of culture and education in the 16th century.<ref name=history/>
The mansion of Přerov, built in place of the former castle, was a residence of an influential house, the house of Pernštejn and Žerotín, from which Charles the Elder of Žerotín significantly influenced the town.{{cn|date=August 2016}} Přerov also plays an important role in history of the Czech protestant church known as [[Moravian Church|Unity of the Brethren]].<ref name=history/>


In the second half of the 16th century, reconstruction of the castle into a Renaissance residence began. In the late 16th century, Přerov was bought by Karel the Elder of [[Zierotin]], who chose the town as his seat. He had finished the reconstruction of the castle. During his rule, the town experienced prosperity. After the [[Battle of White Mountain]], Zierotin was forced to moved away and the town lost its importance.<ref name=history/><ref name=castle/>
⚫
In 1841 the railroad to Přerov was built and it has become an important railway junction. In the second half of the 19th century there has been rapid economic growth, driven primarily by the production of agricultural machinery.<ref name=history/>


⚫
In 1841, the railway to Přerov was built and the town has become an important railway junction. In the second half of the 19th century, there has been rapid economic growth, driven primarily by the production of agricultural machinery.<ref name=history/>
German terror in [[Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia|Bohemia and Moravia]] peaked in spring 1945, sparking a Czech uprising, which started in Přerov on May 1 and then spread throughout the whole country after the murder of 78,154 Czech Jews and 340,000 Czech citizens during the German occupation.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bažant|first=Jan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Io3OOetMBMcC|title=The Czech Reader: History, Culture, Politics|last2=Bažantová|first2=Nina|last3=Starn|first3=Frances|date=2010-12-13|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=0822347946}}</ref>


In June 1945, during the [[expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia]], 71 men, 120 women and 74 children were killed in a massacre of the German population.<ref>{{cite web |last=Prausser|first=Steffen|author2=Rees, Arfon|title=The Expulsion of the 'German' Communities at the End of the Second World War, page 18|work=Department of History and Civilization|publisher=European University Institute, Florence|date=December 2004|url=http://cadmus.iue.it/dspace/bitstream/1814/2599/1/HEC04-01.pdf|format=PDF|access-date=2008-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001022039/http://cadmus.iue.it/dspace/bitstream/1814/2599/1/HEC04-01.pdf|archive-date=2009-10-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>
German terror in [[Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia|Bohemia and Moravia]] peaked in spring 1945, sparking a Czech uprising, which started in Přerov on 1 May and then spread throughout the whole country after the murder of 78,154 Czech Jews and 340,000 Czech citizens during the German occupation.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Bažant|first1=Jan|last2=Bažantová|first2=Nina|last3=Starn|first3=Frances|title=The Czech Reader: History, Culture, Politics|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Io3OOetMBMcC|date=2010-12-13|publisher=Duke University Press|isbn=978-0822347941}}</ref> In June 1945, during the [[expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia]], 265 Germans (71 men, 120 women and 74 children) were killed in Přerov.<ref>{{cite web |last=Prausser|first=Steffen|last2=Rees|first2=Arfon|title=The Expulsion of the 'German' Communities at the End of the Second World War|page=18|work=Department of History and Civilization|publisher=European University Institute, Florence|date=December 2004|url=http://cadmus.iue.it/dspace/bitstream/1814/2599/1/HEC04-01.pdf|access-date=2008-12-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091001022039/http://cadmus.iue.it/dspace/bitstream/1814/2599/1/HEC04-01.pdf|archive-date=2009-10-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>


On 1 July 2006, the town of Přerov became a [[Statutory city (Czech Republic)|statutory city]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Analýzy: Analýza rozsahu výkonu veřejné správy v jednotlivých statutárních městech, městských částech a městských obvodech|url=https://www.mvcr.cz/clanek/analyzy.aspx|publisher=[[Ministry of the Interior (Czech Republic)|Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic]]|page=18|language=cs|date=2018}}</ref>
==Demography==

==Demographics==
{{historical populations
{{historical populations
|align=none|cols=3
|align=none|cols=3
Line 112: Line 116:
|2001|48335
|2001|48335
|2011|44361
|2011|44361
|2021|42451
|2021|41019
|source=Historical lexicon of municipalities of the Czech Republic<ref>{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011 – Okres Přerov|url=https://www.czso.cz/documents/10180/20537734/130084150714.pdf/b23e1a16-7c09-4d66-9efb-62882cb59b1f?version=1.2|publisher=Czech Statistical Office|pages=7–8|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}</ref>}}
|source=Censuses<ref>{{cite web |title=Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011|url=https://csu.gov.cz/produkty/historicky-lexikon-obci-1869-az-2015|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|language=cs|date=2015-12-21}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Population Census 2021: Population by sex|url=https://vdb.czso.cz/vdbvo2/faces/en/index.jsf?page=vystup-objekt-parametry&z=T&f=TABULKA&sp=A&skupId=4429&katalog=33515&pvo=SLD21001-OB-OK|work=Public Database|publisher=[[Czech Statistical Office]]|date=2021-03-27}}</ref>}}


==Economy==
==Economy==
[[File:Přerov, náměstí T.G. Masaryka, jih.jpg|thumb|T. G. Masaryk Square]]
[[File:Přerov, náměstí T.G. Masaryka, jih.jpg|thumb|T. G. Masaryk Square]]
The main employer based in the city is [[Meopta]], a multinational company manufacturing various products mainly in the field of [[optics]]. It was founded in 1933.<ref>{{cite web |title=About us|url=https://www.meopta.com/en/about/|publisher=Meopta - optika, s.r.o.|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref>
Přerov is the social, administrative and cultural centre of the district with developing economics. The main commercial heart of the city lies around the [[Tomáš Masaryk|T. G. Masaryk]] Square, which is of limited architectural interest.

Other major industrial companies include Precheza (representative of the chemical industry founded in 1894, owned by [[Agrofert]])<ref>{{cite web |title=History|url=https://www.precheza.cz/en/history|publisher=PRECHEZA a.s.|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref> and DPOV (a subsidiary of [[České dráhy]] focused on repairs and modernization of railway [[rolling stock]]).<ref>{{cite web |title=Short History|url=http://www.dpov.cz/en/short-history/|publisher=DPOV, a.s.|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref>

Přerov is known for the [[Zubr Brewery]]. The brewery was founded in 1872.<ref>{{cite web |title=Historie a současnost|url=http://www.zubr.cz/pivovar-zubr/historie-a-soucasnost.html|publisher=Pivovar ZUBR, a.s.|language=cs|access-date=2021-06-12}}</ref>


==Transport==
==Transport==
The city is a major railway junction with main lines to [[Prague]] via [[Olomouc]], [[Warsaw]] via [[Ostrava]], and [[Vienna]] via [[Břeclav]], and a regional line to [[Brno]]. The helicopter air force is based in Přerov.
The city is a major railway junction with main lines to [[Prague]] via [[Olomouc]], [[Warsaw]] via [[Ostrava]], and [[Vienna]] via [[Břeclav]], and a regional line to [[Brno]].

A public domestic and private international airport is located in Přerov. It was established in 2013 by transformation from original military airport Přerov–Bochoř.<ref>{{cite web |title=Aerodrome Přerov|url=http://www.prerov-airport.cz/?lang=en&id=|publisher=Aerodrome Přerov|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref>


==Education==
==Education==
⚫
[[File:Přerov, kostel svatého Vavřince.jpg|thumb|170px|Church of Saint Lawrence]]
In Přerov there is a College of logistics, an affiliate of [[Tomas Bata University in Zlín]].
In Přerov there is the College of Logistics, a private technical college of non-university type.<ref>{{cite web |title=O škole|url=https://vslg.cz/o-skole/|publisher=Vysoká škola logistiky o.p.s.|language=cs|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref>


==Sport==
==Sport==
⚫
Přerov is home to Volejbal Přerov, a professional women's volleyball club playing in Extraliga žen (top tier).<ref>{{cite web |title=Volejbal Přerov|url=https://www.volejbalprerov.cz/index.asp|publisher=Volejbal Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-12}}</ref>
*[[HC Zubr Přerov]] – ice hockey club (plays in the 2nd tier)

*SK Žeravice – handball club (plays in the 3nd tier)
*1. FC Viktorie Přerov – association football club (plays in the 4th tier)
[[HC ZUBR Přerov]] is an ice hockey club that plays in the [[1st Czech Republic Hockey League]] (2nd tier).

*Přerov Mammoths – american football club (plays in the 1st tier)
*TK PRECHEZA Přerov – tennis club, that organizes an international women's tournament Zubr Cup<ref>{{cite web |title=Vítáme Vás|url=http://www.tenis-prerov.cz/|publisher=TK PRECHEZA Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2021-06-12}}</ref>
The city's association football club is 1. FC Viktorie Přerov. It plays in lower amateur tiers.<ref>{{cite web |title=Homepage|url=https://www.fcprerov.cz/|publisher=1. FC Viktorie Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-12}}</ref>

⚫
*Auto Klub Přerov – motor sports club<ref>{{cite web |title=Home Page|url=https://www.ak-prerov.cz/|publisher=Auto Klub Přerov|language=en, cs|access-date=2021-06-12}}</ref>
Tenis Přerov is a tennis club founded in 1899. Many notable players played for the club, e.g. [[Libor Pimek]], [[Karel Nováček]], [[Jaroslav Navrátil (tennis)|Jaroslav Navrátil]], [[Jana Novotná]], [[Ctislav Doseděl]], [[Jaroslav Pospíšil]] and [[Lukáš Rosol]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Historie|url=http://www.tenis-prerov.cz/historie|publisher=Tenis Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-12}}</ref>

Auto Klub Přerov is dedicated to motor sports. There is an autocross track in the city, which regularly hosts the national autocross championship.<ref>{{cite web |title=Autokros|url=https://www.ak-prerov.cz/autokros|publisher=Auto Klub Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-12}}</ref> The auto club also operates a motocross track that hosted several national championships between 1961 and 1974.<ref>{{cite web |title=Motokros|url=https://www.ak-prerov.cz/motokros|publisher=Auto Klub Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2024-07-12}}</ref> There used to be also a [[motorcycle speedway]] track in the city and hosted a final round of the [[Czech Republic Individual Speedway Championship|Czechoslovak Individual Speedway Championship]] in 1958, 1959 and 1967.<ref>{{cite web |title=Individual Czechoslovak Championship|url=http://www.historyspeedway.nstrefa.pl/indmczechoslowacji.php|website=historyspeedway.nstrefa.pl|language=pl|access-date=2024-07-12}}</ref>


==Sights==
==Sights==
[[File:Zámek, Přerov (05).jpg|thumb|Přerov Castle]]
Of greater interest is the cobbled Horní Square enclosed by historic buildings, where the [[John Amos Comenius|Comenius]] Museum (founded already in 1887<ref name=history/>) can be found.
The historic town centre is formed by Horní Square and its immediate surroundings, delimited by the preserved town walls. Horní Square is lined by Renaissance burgher houses. The most valuable house is the so-called [[Matthias Corvinus|Corvinus']] House from 1570, with a preserved Renaissance portal.<ref>{{cite web |title=Městská památková zóna|url=https://www.prerov.eu/cs/o-prerove/zajimavosti-a-pamatky/kulturne-historicke-zajimavosti/mestska-pamatkova-zona.html|publisher=City of Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref>

The landmark of the square in the Přerov Castle. The Renaissance castle has preserved Gothic core and stone elements from the original fortress. Today it houses the [[John Amos Comenius|Comenius]] Museum, founded in 1887.<ref name=history/><ref name=castle/>

There is five church buildings in Přerov. The oldest is the parish Church of Saint Lawrence from 1725–1732.<ref>{{cite web |title=Církevní, vojenské a technické památky|url=https://www.prerov.eu/cs/o-prerove/zajimavosti-a-pamatky/kulturne-historicke-zajimavosti/cirkevni-vojenske-a-technicke-pamatky.html|publisher=City of Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref>

Mammoth Hunters Memorial in Předmostí is an exhibition pavilion, which presents this archeological site and its discoveries.<ref>{{cite web |title=Památník lovců mamutů|url=https://www.prerov.eu/cs/magistrat/investice-a-rozvoj/investicni-akce-mesta/zrealizovane-investicni-akce/zrealizovane-investice-do-2009/pamatnik-lovcu-mamutu.html|publisher=City of Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2022-02-01}}</ref>


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
{{div col|colwidth=30em}}
*[[Jan Blahoslav]] (1523–1571), developer of Czech grammar
*[[Jan Blahoslav]] (1523–1571), Czech grammarian
*[[John Amos Comenius]] (1592–1670), pedagogue and theologian, the father of modern education, taught at Přerov Latin school in 1614–18, having earlier studied there
*[[John Amos Comenius]] (1592–1670), philosopher and pedagogue; taught at Přerov Latin school in 1614–1618, having earlier studied there
*[[Franz Petrasch]] (1744–1820) Austrian general in the Habsburg military during the [[French Revolutionary Wars]]
*[[Franz Petrasch]] (1744–1820) Austrian general in the Habsburg military during the [[French Revolutionary Wars]]
*[[Rudolf Weigl]] (1883–1957), biologist
*[[Rudolf Weigl]] (1883–1957), Polish biologist and inventor
*[[Liane Zimbler]] (1892–1987), architect
*[[Liane Zimbler]] (1892–1987), architect
*[[Karel Janoušek]] (1893–1971), senior [[Czechoslovak Air Force]] officer
*[[Karel Janoušek]] (1893–1971), senior [[Czechoslovak Air Force]] officer
Line 151: Line 172:
*[[Gideon Klein]] (1919–1945), composer and pianist
*[[Gideon Klein]] (1919–1945), composer and pianist
*[[Jiřina Hauková]] (1919–2005), poet and translator
*[[Jiřina Hauková]] (1919–2005), poet and translator
⚫
*[[Vladimír Hučín]] (born 1952), political prisoner, secret service agent; lives here, honorary citizen of Přerov
*[[František Šolc]] (1920–1996), French hornist and horn teacher
⚫
*[[Vladimír Hučín]] (born 1952), political prisoner, secret service agent, honorary citizen of Přerov
*[[Karel Plíhal]] (born 1958), singer and musician
*[[Karel Plíhal]] (born 1958), singer and musician
*[[Ctislav Doseděl]] (born 1970), tennis player
*[[Ctislav Doseděl]] (born 1970), tennis player
Line 165: Line 185:
==Twin towns – sister cities==
==Twin towns – sister cities==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic}}
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic}}
Přerov is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Partnerská města|url=https://www.prerov.eu/cs/o-prerove/soucasnost-mesta/partnerska-mesta/|publisher=Město Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2020-06-22}}</ref>
Přerov is [[Sister city|twinned]] with:<ref>{{cite web |title=Partnerská města|url=https://www.prerov.eu/cs/o-prerove/soucasnost-mesta/partnerska-mesta/|publisher=City of Přerov|language=cs|access-date=2020-06-22}}</ref>
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*{{flagicon|SVK}} [[Bardejov]], Slovakia
*{{flagicon|SVK}} [[Bardejov]], Slovakia
Line 182: Line 202:
{{commons category|Přerov}}
{{commons category|Přerov}}
*{{official|https://www.prerov.eu/}}
*{{official|https://www.prerov.eu/}}
*[http://www.prerovan.cz/ Prerovan.cz] - Information portal of Přerov District (in Czech)
*[http://www.prerovmuzeum.cz/en Comenius Museum in Přerov]
*[http://www.prerovmuzeum.cz/en Comenius Museum in Přerov]


Line 188: Line 207:


{{authority control}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Prerov}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Prerov}}
[[Category:Přerov| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Přerov District]]
[[Category:Populated places in Přerov District]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in the Czech Republic]]

Latest revision as of 17:03, 26 November 2024

For places with the similar name, see Přerov nad Labem and Prerow.
Přerov
Statutory city
Horní Square
Horní Square
Flag of Přerov
Flag
Coat of arms of Přerov
Coat of arms
Přerov is located in Czech Republic
Přerov
Přerov
Location in the Czech Republic
Coordinates: 49°27′20″N 17°27′4″E / 49.45556°N 17.45111°E / 49.45556; 17.45111
Country Czech Republic
RegionOlomouc
DistrictPřerov
First mentioned1141
Government
 • MayorPetr Vrána (ANO)
Area
 • Total
58.45 km2 (22.57 sq mi)
Elevation
210 m (690 ft)
Population
 (2024-01-01)[1]
 • Total
41,661
 • Density710/km2 (1,800/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal codes
750 02, 751 24, 751 27
Websitewww.prerov.eu

Přerov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpr̝̊ɛrof] ⓘ; German: Prerau) is a city in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 42,000 inhabitants. It lies on the Bečva River. In the past it was a major crossroad in the heart of Moravia in the Czech Republic. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument zone.

Administrative division

[edit]
Předmostí

Přerov is made up of 13 city parts and villages:[2]

  • Přerov I-Město
  • Přerov II-Předmostí
  • Přerov III-Lověšice
  • Přerov IV-Kozlovice
  • Přerov V-Dluhonice
  • Přerov VI-Újezdec
  • Přerov VII-Čekyně
  • Přerov VIII-Henčlov
  • Přerov IX-Lýsky
  • Přerov X-Popovice
  • Přerov XI-Vinary
  • Přerov XII-Žeravice
  • Přerov XIII-Penčice

Etymology

[edit]

The name Přerov is of Old Slavic origin. It meant 'ditch', 'pool', 'swamp', or 'stagnant water'.[3]

Geography

[edit]

Přerov is located about 19 kilometres (12 mi) southeast of Olomouc. The eastern part of the municipal territory lies in the Moravian Gate lowlands, the western part lies in the Upper Morava Valley. A small northern part extends into the Nízký Jeseník range. The highest point is the hill Čekyňský kopec at 307 m (1,007 ft) above sea level. The Bečva River flows through the city.

History

[edit]
River Bečva and the historical centre

Settlement in the locality dates back to prehistoric times. A locality called Skalka in Předmostí city part is known worldwide for its rich archaeological discoveries dating mainly from the Paleolithic period. Discoveries include excavations of a large number of mammoth bones, sites of mammoth hunters' camps from 27–26 thousand years ago, and others. Together with Dolní Věstonice it is the most important archaeological site in the country.[4]

The first written mention of Přerov is in a deed of bishop Jindřich Zdík from 1141 and testifies to Přerov's administrative function in the castle system of the Přemyslid state. King Ottokar II of Bohemia gave Přerov the privilege of being a royal town in 1256.[5]

An old stone fortress was built here in the first half of the 13th century. It was conquered and damaged during the Hussite Wars. In 1487, Přerov was acquired by the Pernštejn family. Vilém of Pernštejn had rebuilt the Horní Square and the fortress, which became a solid Gothic castle.[6] The hill around the castle was colonized by new settlers, including members of the Unity of the Brethren, thanks to which the town became a centre of culture and education in the 16th century.[5]

In the second half of the 16th century, reconstruction of the castle into a Renaissance residence began. In the late 16th century, Přerov was bought by Karel the Elder of Zierotin, who chose the town as his seat. He had finished the reconstruction of the castle. During his rule, the town experienced prosperity. After the Battle of White Mountain, Zierotin was forced to moved away and the town lost its importance.[5][6]

In 1841, the railway to Přerov was built and the town has become an important railway junction. In the second half of the 19th century, there has been rapid economic growth, driven primarily by the production of agricultural machinery.[5]

German terror in Bohemia and Moravia peaked in spring 1945, sparking a Czech uprising, which started in Přerov on 1 May and then spread throughout the whole country after the murder of 78,154 Czech Jews and 340,000 Czech citizens during the German occupation.[7] In June 1945, during the expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, 265 Germans (71 men, 120 women and 74 children) were killed in Přerov.[8]

On 1 July 2006, the town of Přerov became a statutory city.[9]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
YearPop.±%
186911,341—    
188015,464+36.4%
189017,749+14.8%
190022,007+24.0%
191026,966+22.5%
YearPop.±%
192128,442+5.5%
193030,270+6.4%
195029,054−4.0%
196136,101+24.3%
197044,324+22.8%
YearPop.±%
198050,593+14.1%
199151,300+1.4%
200148,335−5.8%
201144,361−8.2%
202141,019−7.5%
Source: Censuses[10][11]

Economy

[edit]
T. G. Masaryk Square

The main employer based in the city is Meopta, a multinational company manufacturing various products mainly in the field of optics. It was founded in 1933.[12]

Other major industrial companies include Precheza (representative of the chemical industry founded in 1894, owned by Agrofert)[13] and DPOV (a subsidiary of České dráhy focused on repairs and modernization of railway rolling stock).[14]

Přerov is known for the Zubr Brewery. The brewery was founded in 1872.[15]

Transport

[edit]

The city is a major railway junction with main lines to Prague via Olomouc, Warsaw via Ostrava, and Vienna via Břeclav, and a regional line to Brno.

A public domestic and private international airport is located in Přerov. It was established in 2013 by transformation from original military airport Přerov–Bochoř.[16]

Education

[edit]
Church of Saint Lawrence

In Přerov there is the College of Logistics, a private technical college of non-university type.[17]

Sport

[edit]

Přerov is home to Volejbal Přerov, a professional women's volleyball club playing in Extraliga žen (top tier).[18]

HC ZUBR Přerov is an ice hockey club that plays in the 1st Czech Republic Hockey League (2nd tier).

The city's association football club is 1. FC Viktorie Přerov. It plays in lower amateur tiers.[19]

Tenis Přerov is a tennis club founded in 1899. Many notable players played for the club, e.g. Libor Pimek, Karel Nováček, Jaroslav Navrátil, Jana Novotná, Ctislav Doseděl, Jaroslav Pospíšil and Lukáš Rosol.[20]

Auto Klub Přerov is dedicated to motor sports. There is an autocross track in the city, which regularly hosts the national autocross championship.[21] The auto club also operates a motocross track that hosted several national championships between 1961 and 1974.[22] There used to be also a motorcycle speedway track in the city and hosted a final round of the Czechoslovak Individual Speedway Championship in 1958, 1959 and 1967.[23]

Sights

[edit]
Přerov Castle

The historic town centre is formed by Horní Square and its immediate surroundings, delimited by the preserved town walls. Horní Square is lined by Renaissance burgher houses. The most valuable house is the so-called Corvinus' House from 1570, with a preserved Renaissance portal.[24]

The landmark of the square in the Přerov Castle. The Renaissance castle has preserved Gothic core and stone elements from the original fortress. Today it houses the Comenius Museum, founded in 1887.[5][6]

There is five church buildings in Přerov. The oldest is the parish Church of Saint Lawrence from 1725–1732.[25]

Mammoth Hunters Memorial in Předmostí is an exhibition pavilion, which presents this archeological site and its discoveries.[26]

Notable people

[edit]

Twin towns – sister cities

[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in the Czech Republic

Přerov is twinned with:[27]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Population of Municipalities – 1 January 2024". Czech Statistical Office. 2024-05-17.
  2. ^ "Části obcí". Územně identifikační registr ČR (in Czech). Retrieved 2023-11-14.
  3. ^ "O původu a jménu města Přerova" (in Czech). City of Přerov. Retrieved 2023-05-20.
  4. ^ "Vítejte ve městě s mamutí historií!" (in Czech). Infocentrum v Předmostí. Retrieved 2021-06-12.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Historie města" (in Czech). City of Přerov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  6. ^ a b c "Historie zámku" (in Czech). Muzeum Komenského Přerově. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  7. ^ Bažant, Jan; Bažantová, Nina; Starn, Frances (2010-12-13). The Czech Reader: History, Culture, Politics. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0822347941.
  8. ^ Prausser, Steffen; Rees, Arfon (December 2004). "The Expulsion of the 'German' Communities at the End of the Second World War" (PDF). Department of History and Civilization. European University Institute, Florence. p. 18. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-10-01. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
  9. ^ "Analýzy: Analýza rozsahu výkonu veřejné správy v jednotlivých statutárních městech, městských částech a městských obvodech" (in Czech). Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic. 2018. p. 18.
  10. ^ "Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2011" (in Czech). Czech Statistical Office. 2015-12-21.
  11. ^ "Population Census 2021: Population by sex". Public Database. Czech Statistical Office. 2021-03-27.
  12. ^ "About us". Meopta - optika, s.r.o. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  13. ^ "History". PRECHEZA a.s. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  14. ^ "Short History". DPOV, a.s. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  15. ^ "Historie a současnost" (in Czech). Pivovar ZUBR, a.s. Retrieved 2021-06-12.
  16. ^ "Aerodrome Přerov". Aerodrome Přerov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  17. ^ "O škole" (in Czech). Vysoká škola logistiky o.p.s. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  18. ^ "Volejbal Přerov" (in Czech). Volejbal Přerov. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  19. ^ "Homepage" (in Czech). 1. FC Viktorie Přerov. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  20. ^ "Historie" (in Czech). Tenis Přerov. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  21. ^ "Autokros" (in Czech). Auto Klub Přerov. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  22. ^ "Motokros" (in Czech). Auto Klub Přerov. Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  23. ^ "Individual Czechoslovak Championship". historyspeedway.nstrefa.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 2024-07-12.
  24. ^ "Městská památková zóna" (in Czech). City of Přerov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  25. ^ "Církevní, vojenské a technické památky" (in Czech). City of Přerov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  26. ^ "Památník lovců mamutů" (in Czech). City of Přerov. Retrieved 2022-02-01.
  27. ^ "Partnerská města" (in Czech). City of Přerov. Retrieved 2020-06-22.
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Přerov.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Přerov&oldid=1259708317"