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{{Short description|Chinese-Siamese tax farmer, patriarch of Shinawatra clan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{infobox Chinese
{{infobox Chinese
|c=丘春盛
|c=丘春盛
|h=Hiu<sup>1</sup> Chun<sup>1</sup> Siin<sup>5</sup>
|h=Hiu<sup>1</sup> Chun<sup>1</sup> Siin<sup>5</sup>
|p=Qiū Chūnshèng
|p=Qiū Chūnshèng
|poj=Khu Chhun-sēng
⚫
|tha= เส็งแซ่คู
|showflag=poj
|rtgs=Sengsaekhu
⚫
|tha= เส็ง แซ่คู
|rtgs=Seng Saekhu
}}
}}
'''Seng Sae Khu''' or '''Khu Chun Seng''' ([[Thai language|Thai]]: เส็งแซ่คู; {{zh|c=丘春盛|p=Qiū Chūnshèng}}) was a great-great-grandfather of former [[Thailand|Thai]] [[Prime Minister of Thailand|prime minister]] [[Thaksin Shinawatra]].


'''Seng Saekhu''' ({{langx|th|เส็ง แซ่คู}}; {{RTGS|''Seng Sae-khu''}}) or '''Khu Chun Seng''' ({{zh|c=丘春盛|poj=Khu Chhun-sēng}}; {{langx|th|ชุ่นเส็ง แซ่คู}}; {{RTGS|''Chunseng Sae-khu''}}) or '''Nguanseng Saekhu''' ({{langx|th|ง่วนเส็ง แซ่คู}})<ref name="ASTV">{{cite web|url= http://www.manager.co.th/Columnist/ViewNews.aspx?NewsID=9560000036318 |script-title= th:แกะรอย: ต้นตระกูลชินวัตรเป็นอั้งยี่จริงหรือ ? (1) [Trace : Shinawatra's ancestor was a Mafia ?] |author= ฺBannarot Bua-khli |date= 25 March 2013 | work= ASTV |language=th |accessdate= 21 June 2015}}</ref> was a Chinese [[farm (revenue leasing)|tax farmer]] active in [[Siam]], and the patriarch of the [[Shinawatra]] clan in Thailand.
Khu was a [[Hakka people|Hakka]] Chinese immigrant from [[Fengshun]], [[Meizhou]], [[Guangdong]]. He arrived in [[Thailand|Siam]] in the 1860s. In 1908, he settled in [[Chiang Mai]]. He married a Thai woman named Sangdi (most Thais did not have family names before 1918). His eldest son, Chiang Sae Khu, was born in [[Chanthaburi]] in 1890, and also married a Thai, Saeng Somna. Chiang's eldest son, Sak, adopted the Thai surname Shinawatra ("does good routinely") in 1938 during the [[Plaek Pibulsonggram|Phibun]] regime's anti-Chinese campaigns. The rest of the family soon adopted it, including Loet, Thaksin's father, who was born in Chiang Mai in 1919. Loet married Yindi Ramingwong, who is also of Hakka Chinese descent.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://english.people.com.cn/200507/03/eng20050703_193730.html |title=Thai PM concludes China tour |newspaper=People's Daily Online |source=Xinhua |date=July 3, 2005}}</ref><ref>{{zh icon}} {{cite web |url=http://www.hsm.com.cn/news/2005/0701/68/596.shtml |title={{lang|zh-s|泰国总理他信：我是华裔客家人}} |trans_title=Thai Prime Minister: 'I am Hakka Chinese' |date=July 1, 2005 |work=Overseas Chinese Network |publisher=中国侨网}}</ref>


==Life==
Seng Sae Khu made his fortune through [[tax farming]]. The Khu/Shinawatra later founded [[Shinawatra Silks]] and moved into finance, construction and property development.
Seng was an ethnic [[Hakka people| Chinese of Hakka descent]] born around the 1840s in Fengshun County, Chaozhou Prefecture (now [[Fengshun]], [[Meizhou]], [[Guangdong]]) to Chao Saekhu.<ref name="ASTV"/> Seng came to [[Thailand|Siam]] in the 1860s together with his parents and second brother. However, as Seng's mother and second brother soon fell ill shortly arriving in Siam, his parents and brother returned to China, leaving Seng in the care of a local acquaintance.<ref>[http://news.sina.com.cn/c/2006-11-20/163010550437s.shtml 他信祖籍地：丰顺县塔下村] 2006年11月20日16:30 金羊网-羊城晚报, retrieved 10 December 2014</ref> Seng spent his early years in [[Chanthaburi]] where he met his wife, a native Thai by the name of Thongdi. Their eldest son, Chiang was born in 1890 around this time and Seng started his career as a tax farmer in this small town.<ref>Baker et al (2009), p. 26</ref> When the land lease expired in 1900, Seng and his family moved to [[Talat Noi]] in Bangkok around 1900 where worked as a commercial trader. Seng and his family relocated to [[Chiang Mai]] around 1908 to resume his career as a tax farmer under the patronage of Nikhon Jinkit.<ref>Baker et al (2009), p. 27-8</ref>

==Family==

Seng married two wives; the first to Thongdi with whom he had 6 children, including Chiang. Thongdi died of a heart attack in 1910 due to a robbery incident, and Seng remarried another lady, Nocha with whom he had 3 children. Chiang married another Thai lady, Saeng Samana with whom they have 12 children.<ref>Baker et al (2009), p. 30</ref> Chiang's second child and oldest son, Sak Shinawatra, adopted the Shinawatra surname in 1938, during [[Plaek Phibunsongkhram]]'s anti-Chinese campaigns, and the rest of the clan followed suit.<ref>Baker et al (2009), p. 33</ref> Sak Shinawatra became an army general and has four sons who all served in the army for at least sometime. Sak's third son, [[Chaiyasit Shinawatra]] became the commander-in-chief of the [[Royal Thai Army]].<ref>Baker et al (2009), p. 34</ref>

Chiang's fourth child and second son, Loet Shinawatra is the father of former [[Prime Minister of Thailand|prime ministers]] [[Thaksin Shinawatra|Thaksin]] and [[Yingluck Shinawatra]]. Loet served as an MP for Chiang Mai in 1969 and 1976 for the [[Thai Nation Party]]. Loet married Yindi Ramingwong, who is the daughter of a Hakka Chinese immigrant and his wife, a princess of the Lanna royalty.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://english.people.com.cn/200507/03/eng20050703_193730.html |title=Thai PM concludes China tour |newspaper=People's Daily Online; Xinhua |date=3 July 2005}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.hsm.com.cn/news/2005/0701/68/596.shtml |script-title=zh:泰国总理他信：我是华裔客家人 |trans-title=Thai Prime Minister: 'I am Hakka Chinese' |date=1 July 2005 |work=Overseas Chinese Network |publisher=中国侨网|language=zh}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


==Further reading==
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|title=Thaksin: The Business of Politics in Thailand|author1=[[Chris Baker (writer)|Baker, Chris]] |author2=[[Pasuk Phongpaichit|Pasuk, Phongpaichit]]|url=http://www.amazon.com/Thaksin-Business-Politics-Pasuk-Phongpaichit/dp/9749575555|pages=|publisher=Silkworm Books|isbn=978-9749575550}}
* {{cite book|title=Thaksin: The Business of Politics in Thailand|author1=Baker, Chris |author2-link=Pasuk Phongpaichit |author2=Pasuk, Phongpaichit|year=2009|publisher=Silkworm Books|isbn=978-974-9575-55-0|author1-link=Chris Baker (writer) |edition=second expanded }}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://asia.news.yahoo.com/060319/afp/060319053256asiapacificnews.html Thai PM reviled by protesters, but a hero in his home town] {{Dead link|date=July 2011}}
* [http://asia.news.yahoo.com/060319/afp/060319053256asiapacificnews.html Thai PM reviled by protesters, but a hero in his home town] {{Dead link|date=July 2011}}
* [http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0oGkjpuNQ1G4lsAfchXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTE3c21qMGQxBGNvbG8DdwRsA1dTMQRwb3MDMTYEc2VjA3NyBHZ0aWQDRjkwNV84Ng--/SIG=12q17f3t0/EXP=1175357166/**http%3a//www.manager.co.th/asp-bin/PrintNews.aspx%3fNewsID=9490000037342 Thai PM reviled by protesters, but a hero in his home town] {{Dead link|date=July 2011}}
* [http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0oGkjpuNQ1G4lsAfchXNyoA;_ylu=X3oDMTE3c21qMGQxBGNvbG8DdwRsA1dTMQRwb3MDMTYEc2VjA3NyBHZ0aWQDRjkwNV84Ng--/SIG=12q17f3t0/EXP=1175357166/**http%3a//www.manager.co.th/asp-bin/PrintNews.aspx%3fNewsID=9490000037342 Thai PM reviled by protesters, but a hero in his home town] {{Dead link|date=July 2011}}
* {{zh icon}} [http://news.163.com/06/1130/15/316FNNNU00011229.html 他信祖籍地：丰顺县塔下村(组图)]
* {{in lang|zh}} [http://news.163.com/06/1130/15/316FNNNU00011229.html 他信祖籍地：丰顺县塔下村(组图)]

{{Thaksin Shinawatra}}
{{Yingluck Shinawatra}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Seng, Sae Khu}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Saekhu, Seng}}
[[Category:Shinawatra family]]
[[Category:Shinawatra family|Seng Saekhu]]
[[Category:Thai Hakka people]]
[[Category:Thai businesspeople|Seng Saekhu]]
[[Category:Thai businesspeople]]
[[Category:People from Fengshun]]
[[Category:People from Guangdong]]
[[Category:Chinese emigrants to Thailand|Seng Saekhu]]
[[Category:People from Chiang Mai]]
[[Category:People from Chiang Mai province|Seng Saekhu]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from Meizhou]]
[[Category:1840s births]]
[[Category:Year of death missing]]
[[Category:Tax farmers of Siam|Seng Saekhu]]

Latest revision as of 23:03, 26 November 2024

Seng Saekhu
Chinese name
Chinese丘春盛
Hokkien POJKhu Chhun-sēng
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinQiū Chūnshèng
Hakka
RomanizationHiu1 Chun1 Siin5
Southern Min
Hokkien POJKhu Chhun-sēng
Thai name
Thaiเส็ง แซ่คู
RTGSSeng Saekhu

Seng Saekhu (Thai: เส็ง แซ่คู; RTGS: Seng Sae-khu) or Khu Chun Seng (Chinese: 丘春盛; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Khu Chhun-sēng; Thai: ชุ่นเส็ง แซ่คู; RTGS: Chunseng Sae-khu) or Nguanseng Saekhu (Thai: ง่วนเส็ง แซ่คู)[1] was a Chinese tax farmer active in Siam, and the patriarch of the Shinawatra clan in Thailand.

Life

[edit]

Seng was an ethnic Chinese of Hakka descent born around the 1840s in Fengshun County, Chaozhou Prefecture (now Fengshun, Meizhou, Guangdong) to Chao Saekhu.[1] Seng came to Siam in the 1860s together with his parents and second brother. However, as Seng's mother and second brother soon fell ill shortly arriving in Siam, his parents and brother returned to China, leaving Seng in the care of a local acquaintance.[2] Seng spent his early years in Chanthaburi where he met his wife, a native Thai by the name of Thongdi. Their eldest son, Chiang was born in 1890 around this time and Seng started his career as a tax farmer in this small town.[3] When the land lease expired in 1900, Seng and his family moved to Talat Noi in Bangkok around 1900 where worked as a commercial trader. Seng and his family relocated to Chiang Mai around 1908 to resume his career as a tax farmer under the patronage of Nikhon Jinkit.[4]

Family

[edit]

Seng married two wives; the first to Thongdi with whom he had 6 children, including Chiang. Thongdi died of a heart attack in 1910 due to a robbery incident, and Seng remarried another lady, Nocha with whom he had 3 children. Chiang married another Thai lady, Saeng Samana with whom they have 12 children.[5] Chiang's second child and oldest son, Sak Shinawatra, adopted the Shinawatra surname in 1938, during Plaek Phibunsongkhram's anti-Chinese campaigns, and the rest of the clan followed suit.[6] Sak Shinawatra became an army general and has four sons who all served in the army for at least sometime. Sak's third son, Chaiyasit Shinawatra became the commander-in-chief of the Royal Thai Army.[7]

Chiang's fourth child and second son, Loet Shinawatra is the father of former prime ministers Thaksin and Yingluck Shinawatra. Loet served as an MP for Chiang Mai in 1969 and 1976 for the Thai Nation Party. Loet married Yindi Ramingwong, who is the daughter of a Hakka Chinese immigrant and his wife, a princess of the Lanna royalty.[8][9]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b ฺBannarot Bua-khli (25 March 2013). แกะรอย: ต้นตระกูลชินวัตรเป็นอั้งยี่จริงหรือ ? (1) [Trace : Shinawatra's ancestor was a Mafia ?]. ASTV (in Thai). Retrieved 21 June 2015.
  2. ^ 他信祖籍地：丰顺县塔下村 2006年11月20日16:30 金羊网-羊城晚报, retrieved 10 December 2014
  3. ^ Baker et al (2009), p. 26
  4. ^ Baker et al (2009), p. 27-8
  5. ^ Baker et al (2009), p. 30
  6. ^ Baker et al (2009), p. 33
  7. ^ Baker et al (2009), p. 34
  8. ^ "Thai PM concludes China tour". People's Daily Online; Xinhua. 3 July 2005.
  9. ^ 泰国总理他信：我是华裔客家人 [Thai Prime Minister: 'I am Hakka Chinese']. Overseas Chinese Network (in Chinese). 中国侨网. 1 July 2005.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
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