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{{short description|French visual artist and theorist}}
(main source : Maurice Benayoun official web site www.benayoun.com)
{{Multiple issues|
{{COI|date=November 2021}}
{{Original research|date=November 2021}}
{{BLP primary sources|date=November 2021}}
}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox artist
| name = Maurice Benayoun
| image = MoBen.jpg
| image_size = 220
| caption = Maurice Benayoun in 2000
| birth_name = {{nowrap|Maurice Benayoun}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|1957|3|29|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Mascara, Algeria|Mascara]], [[French Algeria]]
| awards = '''Golden Nica'''<br>Ars Electronica 1998, <br>Chevalier des Arts et Lettres 2000, <br>Siggraph 1991, <br>Villa Medicis hors les murs, 1993, <br>Imagina, 1993, <br>International Monitor Awards...
| field = [[New Media Art]]
| works = ''[[Quarxs]]'' (1991)<br />''Tunnel under the Atlantic'' (1995)<br />''World Skin, a Photo Safari in the Land of War'' (1997)
| training = [[Pantheon-Sorbonne University]]
| website = [http://www.benayoun.com/ www.benayoun.com]
}}


'''Maurice Benayoun''' (aka '''MoBen''' or 莫奔) (born 29 March 1957) is a [[French people|French]] [[New media art|new-media artist]], [[curator]], and theorist based in [[Paris]] and [[Hong Kong]].<ref>Paul Catanese, ''Director's Third Dimension: Fundamentals of 3d Programming in Director 8.5'', Sams Publishing, 2001, p314. {{ISBN|0-672-32228-5}}</ref>
Maurice Benayoun (AKA MoBen) is a media artist born in 1957. His work explores the potentiality of various media from video, to virtual reality, Web and wireless art, public space large scale art installations and interactive exhibitions. Benayoun's work has been widely exhibited all over the world and received numerous international awards and prizes. Co-founder in 1987 of Z-A (Paris) a pioneer CG and VR lab, Maurice Benayoun, between 1990 and 1993, writes with François Schuiten and directs [[''The Quarxs'']], the first HDTV CG series widely awarded and broadcast in more than 15 countries. In 1993, he is prize-winner of the Villa Medicis Hors Les Murs of the Foreign Ministry for his Art After Museum project, a contemporary art collection in virtual reality.
After 1993, he creates VR and interactive art installations. Among them, in 1995, the ''Tunnel under the Atlantic'', televirtual project linking the Pompidou center, in Paris, and the Museum of contemporary art, in Montreal. In 1998, he was obtained the Golden Nica, Prix Ars Electronica, Interactive Art category for [[World skin, a Photo Safari in the Land of War]]. Both works are considered by critics as major works in the field of interactive art.
Beside his art works, Maurice Benayoun has been involved in many large scale exhibitions, events and architecture projects. Just to mention some of them: the ''Navigation Room'' (1997) and ''the Membrane'' (2001) for the Cité des Sciences de la Villette, the Panoramic Tables for the Planet of Visions Pavilion for Hanover EXPO2000, the Multimedia Tour for the Abbaye de Fontevraud. Maurice Benayoun conceived and directed the exhibition ''Cosmopolis, Overwriting the City'', a giant art and science immersive installation, presented in the frame of the French Year in China and he is working now on the permanent exhibition of the Arc de Triomphe, Paris.
Since 1984, Maurice Benayoun has been teaching video and media art at the Université de Paris 1 (Panthéon-Sorbonne) and invited artist at the Ecole Nationale
Supérieure des Beaux Arts of Paris. He is co-founder and art director of the CITU research center (Création Interactive Transdisciplinaire Universitaire) Universités de Paris 1 et Paris 8.


His work employs various media, including [[video]], [[computer graphics]], [[immersive virtual reality]], the Internet, [[performance]], [[EEG]], [[3D Printing]], large-scale urban media art, robotics, [[NFT]]s, and [[Blockchain]] based artworks, installations and [[interactive]] exhibitions.
==Art works by Maurice Benayoun==


==Early life==
*''[[Quarxs]]'', 3D animation series, 1991-1993, in cooperation with [[François Schuiten]]
He was born in [[Mascara, Algeria|Mascara]], [[Algeria]], in March 1957, as a war orphan. His father was killed before his birth in the Algerian independence war. He moved to France in 1958, following his mother and his brother, to live in popular suburbs in north Paris where the family stayed during most of his childhood.


==Education==
*''The Big Questions'':
Bennayoun's doctorate thesis at the Sorbonne, ''Artistic Intentions at Work, Hypothesis for Committing Art'', was published in 2011.<ref>Maurice Benayoun, ''The Dump, 207 Hypotheses for Committing Art'', bilingual (English/French) Fyp éditions, France, July 2011, {{ISBN|978-2-916571-64-5}}</ref>
**''Is God flat?'' 1994. Considered by Jean-Paul Fargier in Le Monde as "the first metaphysical video game".
**''Is the Devil curved?'' 1995. The sensual and perverse seduction of mass media.
**''And What About Me? 1'' (1996) and ''And What About Me? 2'' (1997), the ''Big Questions'' on line using Java...


==Career==
*''The Tunnel under the Atlantic'', on 1995, was the first intercontinental televirtual event connected the Centre Georges Pompidou Paris and the Musée d'Art Contemporain in Montreal, dug in 5 days.
[[File:Worldskin.jpg|thumb|250px|''World Skin'' (1997), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Interactive Installation]]
Benayoun taught in contemporary and fine arts at [[Pantheon-Sorbonne University]]. In 1987 he co-founded Z-A Production (1987–2003), a [[computer graphics]] and [[virtual reality]] private lab.{{citation needed|date=November 2021}}


Between 1990 and 1993, Benayoun collaborated with Belgian graphic novelists [[François Schuiten]] and philosopher [[Benoît Peeters]] on ''[[Quarxs]]'', the first animation series made of HD computer graphics, exploring variant creatures with alternate physical laws.<ref name=Wilson705>Stephen Wilson, ''Information Arts: Intersections of Art, Science, and Technology'', MIT Press, 2002, p705. {{ISBN|0-262-73158-4}}</ref>
*''The Paris-New Delhi Tunnel'', was ''dug'' In January 1998, creating a cultural link between France and India.


For his first solo show, Benayoun presented a virtual reality installation linking two art museums: the [[Centre Pompidou|Pompidou Center in Paris]] and the [[Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal]].<ref>Lars Qvortrupp, ''Virtual Space: Spatiality in Virtual Inhabited 3d Worlds'', Springer, 2002, p222. {{ISBN|1-85233-516-5}}</ref> Benayoun conceived and directed the exhibition ''Cosmopolis, Overwriting the City'' (2005), an art and science immersive installation presented during the French Year in [[China]] in Shanghai, Beijing, Chengdu, and Chongqing. This was Maurice Benayoun's first experience in China, and the reception by the public played an important role in later Benayoun's move to Asia.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.scm.cityu.edu.hk/profile/M.BENAYOUN|title = BENAYOUN, Maurice &#124; School of Creative Media}}</ref>
*[[World Skin]], a virtual reality installation, for the CAVE. In this work, a group of 6 to 8 people are immersed in a virtual ''Land of war''. They are given cameras and told that they can take photos if they want to. The result is ''a Photo Safari in the Land of War''...This thought provoking, questioning work was presented for the first time in Ars Electronica CAVE. This work done with an interactive music by Jean-Baptiste Barriere obtained the Golden Nica award for interactive art in 1998.
**Ars Electronica (Linz), september 1997
**Imagina 1998
**SIGGRAPH 1998 (Orlando)
**KTH Stockholm 1998
**Aalborg (Danemark) 2000.
**Golden Nica interactive art Ars Electronica 1998
**ISEA 2000 Paris.
**Digital Avant Garde, Moving Image, New York
**Digital Avant Garde, Eyebeam, New York


=== Key concepts ===
*''Crossing Talks, Communication Rafting'': a virtual reality/Internet CAVE installation created for the Tokyo ICC Biennale '99. The visitor tries to survive in an infinite no-communication universe.
Open Media, in 2000, considered his works as a form of ''Open Media Art'', paraphrasing [[Jon Ippolito]], not limited to the traditional forms, media and economic schemes of art, but also not necessarily based on a specific medium, digital or using technologies. Open takes here the sense of freedom in the means of expression.<ref>Timothy Murray, [[Derrick de Kerckhove]], [[Oliver Grau]], [[Kristine Stiles]], Jean-Baptiste Barrière, [[Dominique Moulon]], Jean-Pierre Balpe, ''Maurice Benayoun Open Art'', Nouvelles éditions Scala, 2011, French version, {{ISBN|978-2-35988-046-5}}</ref>


Infra-realism – (Infra-realisme in French, could be interpreted as 'sub-realism') was coined in the early 90s to describe the specificity of the new form of realism emerging from 3D computer graphics. During the production of [[Quarxs]] (1989–1993), the author, Benayoun wanted to identify the difference between visual realism based on the transcription of how the world reflects light, and what he called Infra-realism, or "realism of the depth" or "the deep realism behind the surface".<ref>Madsen, Kim H., Qvortrup, Lars. "Production Methods: Behind the Scenes of Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds." Springer Science & Business Media, 6 Dec. 2012 (1st edition 2002) - pp. 53-54. {{ISBN|1447100638}}, 9781447100638</ref>
*''Art Impact, Collective Retinal Memory'', Interactive installation where we -on site and on line- take part in the refresh of the collective memory. In collaboration with Jean Baptiste Barrière. Centre Pompidou, 2000.


==Selected awards==
*''Labylogue''. 2000. Brussels, Belgium, Lyon (museum of contemporary art), France, Dakar, Senegal. A VR dialogue inside a virtual maze linking the Museum of Contemporary Art of Lyon, Bruxelles and Dakar (Senegal). Labylogue is a tribute to Borgès where the space becomes a meeting text. Together with Jean-Pierre Balpe (text generation). Music by Jean-Baptiste Barrière.
{{BLP sources section|date=November 2021}}
[[File: LE TUNNEL SOUS L'ATLANTIQUE Paris.jpg|thumb|250px|''Tunnel under the Atlantic'' (1995), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Installation]]
[[File:COSMOPOLIS.jpg|thumb|250px|''Cosmopolis'' (2005), Maurice Benayoun's large scale Virtual Reality Interactive Installation]]
* [[Prix Ars Electronica]] Visionary Pioneer of Media Art (nomination), 2014
* SACD Award, Interactive Arts, Paris, June 2009
* Golden Nica (first prize), interactive art category, ARS ELECTRONICA Festival, [[Linz, Austria]], 1998
* Jose Abel Prize, Best European animation film, Cinanima, Animation Film Festival of [[Espinho, Portugal]], October 1994
* Best Electronic Special Effects, International Monitor Awards, Los Angeles, 1993
* Best Video Paint Design, International Monitor Award, Los Angeles 1993
* First Prize Pixel INA, Opens Title category Imagina '93, Monte Carlo, February 1993
* First Prize, Third Dimension Award, SCAM, Paris, November 1991
* 1st Prize, Artistic Animation category, [[Truevision]] competition, [[SIGGRAPH]], Las Vegas, 1991


==References==
*''Parallel Architectures: Instant City'': An original VR series. co-directed with Odile Fillion. Inside the immersive room, the architect can explore and comment his own utopian project turned into a real time 3D environment. The visitor will be able to explore the interactive version, meeting the architect path and video image. As a prototype of the 'immersive television' concept, Instant City by Archigram is explored and commented by Peter Cook.
=== Citations ===
{{reflist}}


=== General sources ===
*''Watch out!'', 2002, a Wireless, Internet, Video installation,
* ADA, Archive of Digital Art, Missing Matter, [https://www.digitalartarchive.at/database/general/work/missing-matter.html]
**Art Center Nabi, Seoul Korea and 4 other locations in the city.
* FMX/09, Paris ACM SIGGRAPH, ''ZA Story, the Quarxs, God and the Devil'',[http://paris.siggraph.org/media/fmx/Benayoun-ZA.html], 2009
* Benayoun, M.,"A Nano-Leap for Mankind" in ''The Dump, 207 Hypotheses for Committing Art'', bilingual (English/French) Fyp éditions, France, July 2011, pp.&nbsp;349–351. {{ISBN|978-2-916571-64-5}}
* Benayoun, M., [http://www.benayoun.com/projet.php?id=56], "Architecture reactive de la communication" (French), July 1998


== Further reading ==
*''Watch out! The Eyes on the City'', 2004, a new version of ''Watch Out!''
* Timothy Murray, [[Derrick de Kerckhove]], [[Oliver Grau]], [[Kristine Stiles]], Jean-Baptiste Barrière, [[Dominique Moulon]], Jean-Pierre Balpe, ''Maurice Benayoun Open Art 1980 - 2010'', Nouvelles éditions Scala, 2011, French version, {{ISBN|978-2-35988-046-5}}
**in the streets of Athens during the Olympic Games.
* Sara and Tom Pendergast, ''Contemporary Artists'' St James Press, 2001, pp.&nbsp;155–158, {{ISBN|1-55862-407-4}}
* [[Peter Weibel]], [[Jeffrey Shaw]], ''Future Cinema'', MIT Press 2003, pp.&nbsp;472,572-581, {{ISBN|0-262-69286-4}}
* [[Oliver Grau]], ''Virtual Art, from Illusion to Immersion'', MIT Press 2004, pp.&nbsp;237–240, {{ISBN|0-262-57223-0}},
* [[Frank Popper]], ''From Technology to Virtual Art'', MIT Press 2005, pp.&nbsp;201–205, {{ISBN|0-262-16230-X}}
* [[Derrick de Kerckhove]], ''The Architecture of Intelligence'', Birkhäuser 2005, pp.&nbsp;40,48,51,73, {{ISBN|3-7643-6451-3}}
* Gerfried Stocker and Christine Schöpf, ''Flesh Factor'', Ars Electronica Festival 1997, Verlag Springer 1997, pp.&nbsp;312–315
* [[Fred Forest]] ''Art et Internet'', Editions Cercle D'Art / Imaginaire Mode d'Emploi, pp.&nbsp;61 – 63
* [[Christine Buci-Glucksmann]], "L’art à l’époque virtuel", in Frontières esthétiques de l’art, Arts 8, Paris: L’Harmattan, 2004
* [[Dominique Moulon]] [http://www.moulon.net/conf3.htm Moulon.net], Conférence Report: Media Art in France, Un Point d'Actu, L'Art Numerique, p.&nbsp;123
* Barbara Robertson [http://www.cgw.com/Print.aspx?Page=/Publications/CGW/2009/Volume-32-Issue-4-Apr-2009-/Without-Bounds.aspx CGW.com], ''Without Bounds'' in CGW volume 32 issue 4 April 2009
* Dominique Moulon, ''Art Contemporain, Nouveaux Médias'', Nouvelles éditions Scala, Paris 2011, {{ISBN|978-2-35988-038-0}}


==External links==
*''So.So.So. Somebody, Somewhere, Some Time'', an interactive installation Using the same VR binoculars than for ''Art Impact'', So.So.So. can be considered as a narrative version of the Art Impact concept of 'Collective Retinal Memory'.
*{{Official website|http://www.benayoun.com}}
**''Future Cinema' exhibition at the ZKM of Karlsruhe,
*[http://www.the-dump.net Official Blog/creation ''The Dump'']
**Gaité Lyrique, Paris (2003).


{{Authority control (arts)}}
*''Mechanics of Emotions'': a series of works including :''World Emotional Mapping'' Dynamic cartography of the emotions of the planet. Scanning the World Nervous System. At the origin of different projects:
**''Frozen Feelings'', Series of sculptures, frozen emotion of the World as a physical object. Physical avatar of the World Emotional Mapping produced with a digital prototyping tool (digital carving).
**''SFEAR'', Internet, search engine and physical digital sculptures. The giant ballon of the FEAR map (World Emotional Mapping) flies in the Church Saint Pierre aux Nonnains, Metz during the Norapolis event. When the Frozen Fellings are presented like relics. Metz, France, April 15, 2005
**''Emotional Market (e-Market)'', Internet, search engine and physical digital sculptures. The market of the emotion of the world presented as a luxury shop.
***Shanghai, Gallery BUND 18, May 1-7 2005.
**''Emotional Stock'', (e-Stock)
***Gallery Bund 18, Shanghai (2005).
**''Emotional Traffic'', music performance with [[Jean-Baptiste Barrière]]
***opening event, [[Ars Electronica Festival]]2005.
**''Emotion Vending Machine'',
***exhibition ''Smile Machines'',
***Transmediale, Berlin (2006), Espace Paul Ricard, ''Cinéma d'ameublement''(2005),
***[[Gima Gallery]] Berlin 2006


{{DEFAULTSORT:Benayoun, Maurice}}
*''Cosmopolis, Overwriting the City'', Art and science exhibition, probably one of the largest interactive installation ever done using 12 VR binocculars and 12 projections sceens about urban planning and sustainable developpment. Done in the frame of the French year in China this installation is a new use of the ''Collective Retinal Memory'' concept.
[[Category:1957 births]]
**Science Museum, Shanghai, China, April 2005
[[Category:Living people]]
**Three Gorges Museum, ChonQing, China, July 2005
[[Category:French contemporary artists]]
**Exhibition Centre, Chengdu, China, August 2005
[[Category:French digital artists]]
**Exhibition Centre, Beijing, China, September 2005
[[Category:New media artists]]

[[Category:French installation artists]]
*''[[The DUMP]]'', art blog where Maurice Benayoun discard everydays new projects.
[[Category:Virtual reality pioneers]]

[[Category:People from Mascara, Algeria]]
==Interactive scenography==
[[Category:French male writers]]
Beside his art work, Maurice Benayoun conceives interactive scenographies combining physical public spaces (exhibitions, events) virtual environments (interfaces, Hypercube, HyperTV), augmented reality (Panoramic Tables, Planet of Visions, Expo2000 Hanover, Arc de Triomphe, Paris), intelligent agents (Gadevu, Z-A Profiler) and interactive projections. Hanover World Expo (EXPO2000), Planet of Visions pavilion conceived by François Schuiten. The multimedia tour, in the Abbaye de Fontevraud, with 3 different installations (by Alain Escalle, Jean-Baptiste Barrière et Hyptique).
[[Category:French male bloggers]]

[[Category:Academic staff of Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis]]
*''The Membrane'': the core of ''the Man Transformed'' exhibition. 'la Cité des sciences et de l'Industrie. Nov. 2001. ''The Membrane'' featured a large multi-screen, organic VR installation. This work interacting with the visitors body as an interface is a good example of what MB calls ''organic scenography'' for museums.

*''The Navigation Room'', a 500m² space design New Images and New Networks at la Cité des Sciences e la Villette- Paris 1997.
It was one of the first network exhibitions using broadband network. The installation was made up of eleven two meters wide screens, showing fully working examples of the new 3D multiplatform user interface: Hypercube. More than eight hundred thousand visitors came to the science museum to experience the Navigation Room.

*''Hypercube''In the field of navigation interfaces, Maurice Benayoun conceived the 3D interface ''Hypercube'' (US and EU patent). Hypercube's success and appeal with the public was reported on at length in the national papers Liberation and Le Monde. Importantly, hypercube is the interface masking a powerful non-declarative intelligent profiling system.

*The ''Z-A Profiler'' has proven so effective, that both Hypercube and Profiler have since evolved the following directions:

*''HyperTV'', an EPG (Electronic Program Guide)

*''The Travel Tunnel'', developed by Z-A at the request of France Telecom
and the ''Lux Tunnel'' a virtual 'lêche vitrine' guided by your desires...created for the subway station project; ''Franklin D Roosevelt'' see further on.

*''The Blue Station''
Conceived in collaboration with the French architect Jean Nouvel, Maurice Benayoun won in 2001 the competition to create Paris's first interactive subway station in the heart of Paris. Funded by the RATP (Parisian Transport Company) this unique project was meant to be a subway station dedicated to creation. Interactive, sound lighting and up 200 plasma screens should allow the public as well as artists to interact.
In 2006, Maurice Benayoun together with the architect Christophe Girault won the competition for the new permanent exhibition in the Arc de Triomphe, Paris, opening in spring 2007.

== external links ==

*[http://www.benayoun.com Maurice Benayoun's official web site]
*[http://www.the-dump.net official Blog/creation ''The Dump'']
*[http://www.cosmopolis.info official web site of the exhibition ''Cosmopolis'']
*[http://www.watch-out.net official web site of the exhibition ''Watch Out!'']
*[http://www.lebazar.net official site : lebazar.net, objects created or invented by Maurice Benayoun]
*[http://www.citu.info/ CITU official web site]

Latest revision as of 02:50, 27 November 2024

Maurice Benayoun
Maurice Benayoun in 2000
Born
Maurice Benayoun

(1957-03-29) 29 March 1957 (age 67)
Mascara, French Algeria
EducationPantheon-Sorbonne University
Known forNew Media Art
Notable workQuarxs (1991)
Tunnel under the Atlantic (1995)
World Skin, a Photo Safari in the Land of War (1997)
AwardsGolden Nica
Ars Electronica 1998,
Chevalier des Arts et Lettres 2000,
Siggraph 1991,
Villa Medicis hors les murs, 1993,
Imagina, 1993,
International Monitor Awards...
Websitewww.benayoun.com

Maurice Benayoun (aka MoBen or 莫奔) (born 29 March 1957) is a French new-media artist, curator, and theorist based in Paris and Hong Kong.[1]

His work employs various media, including video, computer graphics, immersive virtual reality, the Internet, performance, EEG, 3D Printing, large-scale urban media art, robotics, NFTs, and Blockchain based artworks, installations and interactive exhibitions.

Early life

[edit]

He was born in Mascara, Algeria, in March 1957, as a war orphan. His father was killed before his birth in the Algerian independence war. He moved to France in 1958, following his mother and his brother, to live in popular suburbs in north Paris where the family stayed during most of his childhood.

Education

[edit]

Bennayoun's doctorate thesis at the Sorbonne, Artistic Intentions at Work, Hypothesis for Committing Art, was published in 2011.[2]

Career

[edit]
World Skin (1997), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Interactive Installation

Benayoun taught in contemporary and fine arts at Pantheon-Sorbonne University. In 1987 he co-founded Z-A Production (1987–2003), a computer graphics and virtual reality private lab.[citation needed]

Between 1990 and 1993, Benayoun collaborated with Belgian graphic novelists François Schuiten and philosopher Benoît Peeters on Quarxs, the first animation series made of HD computer graphics, exploring variant creatures with alternate physical laws.[3]

For his first solo show, Benayoun presented a virtual reality installation linking two art museums: the Pompidou Center in Paris and the Musée d'art contemporain de Montréal.[4] Benayoun conceived and directed the exhibition Cosmopolis, Overwriting the City (2005), an art and science immersive installation presented during the French Year in China in Shanghai, Beijing, Chengdu, and Chongqing. This was Maurice Benayoun's first experience in China, and the reception by the public played an important role in later Benayoun's move to Asia.[5]

Key concepts

[edit]

Open Media, in 2000, considered his works as a form of Open Media Art, paraphrasing Jon Ippolito, not limited to the traditional forms, media and economic schemes of art, but also not necessarily based on a specific medium, digital or using technologies. Open takes here the sense of freedom in the means of expression.[6]

Infra-realism – (Infra-realisme in French, could be interpreted as 'sub-realism') was coined in the early 90s to describe the specificity of the new form of realism emerging from 3D computer graphics. During the production of Quarxs (1989–1993), the author, Benayoun wanted to identify the difference between visual realism based on the transcription of how the world reflects light, and what he called Infra-realism, or "realism of the depth" or "the deep realism behind the surface".[7]

Selected awards

[edit]
Tunnel under the Atlantic (1995), Maurice Benayoun's Virtual Reality Installation
Cosmopolis (2005), Maurice Benayoun's large scale Virtual Reality Interactive Installation
  • Prix Ars Electronica Visionary Pioneer of Media Art (nomination), 2014
  • SACD Award, Interactive Arts, Paris, June 2009
  • Golden Nica (first prize), interactive art category, ARS ELECTRONICA Festival, Linz, Austria, 1998
  • Jose Abel Prize, Best European animation film, Cinanima, Animation Film Festival of Espinho, Portugal, October 1994
  • Best Electronic Special Effects, International Monitor Awards, Los Angeles, 1993
  • Best Video Paint Design, International Monitor Award, Los Angeles 1993
  • First Prize Pixel INA, Opens Title category Imagina '93, Monte Carlo, February 1993
  • First Prize, Third Dimension Award, SCAM, Paris, November 1991
  • 1st Prize, Artistic Animation category, Truevision competition, SIGGRAPH, Las Vegas, 1991

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ Paul Catanese, Director's Third Dimension: Fundamentals of 3d Programming in Director 8.5, Sams Publishing, 2001, p314. ISBN 0-672-32228-5
  2. ^ Maurice Benayoun, The Dump, 207 Hypotheses for Committing Art, bilingual (English/French) Fyp éditions, France, July 2011, ISBN 978-2-916571-64-5
  3. ^ Stephen Wilson, Information Arts: Intersections of Art, Science, and Technology, MIT Press, 2002, p705. ISBN 0-262-73158-4
  4. ^ Lars Qvortrupp, Virtual Space: Spatiality in Virtual Inhabited 3d Worlds, Springer, 2002, p222. ISBN 1-85233-516-5
  5. ^ "BENAYOUN, Maurice | School of Creative Media".
  6. ^ Timothy Murray, Derrick de Kerckhove, Oliver Grau, Kristine Stiles, Jean-Baptiste Barrière, Dominique Moulon, Jean-Pierre Balpe, Maurice Benayoun Open Art, Nouvelles éditions Scala, 2011, French version, ISBN 978-2-35988-046-5
  7. ^ Madsen, Kim H., Qvortrup, Lars. "Production Methods: Behind the Scenes of Virtual Inhabited 3D Worlds." Springer Science & Business Media, 6 Dec. 2012 (1st edition 2002) - pp. 53-54. ISBN 1447100638, 9781447100638

General sources

[edit]
  • ADA, Archive of Digital Art, Missing Matter, [1]
  • FMX/09, Paris ACM SIGGRAPH, ZA Story, the Quarxs, God and the Devil,[2], 2009
  • Benayoun, M.,"A Nano-Leap for Mankind" in The Dump, 207 Hypotheses for Committing Art, bilingual (English/French) Fyp éditions, France, July 2011, pp. 349–351. ISBN 978-2-916571-64-5
  • Benayoun, M., [3], "Architecture reactive de la communication" (French), July 1998

Further reading

[edit]
[edit]
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