John Tradescant the Elder: Difference between revisions

John Tradescant
John Tradescant
	John Tradescant the Elder (portrait attributed to Cornelis de Neve
Born	1570s; Suffolk
Died	15–16 April 1638
Nationality	English
Occupation(s)	Naturalist, gardener, collector and traveller

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John Tradescant the Elder ( /trəˈdɛskənt/; c. 1570s – 15–16 April 1638), father of John Tradescant the Younger, was an English naturalist, gardener, collector and traveller.

Life

John Tradescant was probably born in Suffolk. On 18 June 1607 he married Elizabeth Day of Meopham in Kent, England. She was the daughter of Jeames Day, a vicar.

Tradescant began his career as head gardener to Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury, at Hatfield House, who initiated Tradescant in travelling by sending him to the Low Countries for fruit trees in 1610/11. He was kept on by Robert's son William, to produce gardens at the family's London house, Salisbury House.^[1] He then designed gardens on the site of St Augustine's Abbey for Lord Wotton in 1615–1623.^[1]

In 1623, Tradescant became gardener to the royal favourite George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham, remodelling his gardens at New Hall, Essex and at Burley-on-the-Hill.^[1] He travelled to the Nikolo-Korelsky Monastery in Arctic Russia in 1618 (his own account of the expedition survives in his collection), to the Levant and to Algiers during an expedition against the Barbary pirates in 1620, returned to the Low Countries on Buckingham's behalf in 1624, and finally went to Paris and (as an engineer for the ill-fated siege of La Rochelle) the Île de Ré with Buckingham. After Buckingham's assassination in 1628, he was engaged in 1630 by King Charles I to be keeper of His Majesty's Gardens, Vines, and Silkworms at Queen Henrietta Maria's minor palace, Oatlands Palace in Surrey.

On all his trips he collected seeds and bulbs, from which he assembled a collection of curiosities of natural history and ethnography which he housed in a large house, "The Ark", in Lambeth, London.^[1] The Ark was the prototypical "Cabinet of Curiosity", a collection of rare and strange objects, that became the first museum open to the public in England, the Musaeum Tradescantianum. He gathered specimens through American colonists, including his personal friend John Smith, who bequeathed Tradescant a quarter of his library. From their botanical garden in Lambeth, on the south bank of the Thames, he and his son, John Tradescant the younger, introduced many plants into English gardens that have become part of the modern gardener's repertory.

He is buried in the churchyard of St-Mary-at-Lambeth, as is his son.^[2] The churchyard is now established as the Garden Museum.^[3]

Legacy

The Tradescant collection, which was added to significantly by Tradescant's son, John Tradescant the Younger, was later given to the University of Oxford by Elias Ashmole. It was combined with an older University collection to become the Ashmolean Museum, which opened in 1683.^[1]^[4]^[5]

A genus of flowering plants (Tradescantia) was named in honour of the two men by Carl Linnaeus in 1752.^[6]

Tradescant Road, off South Lambeth Road in Vauxhall, marks the former boundary of the Tradescant estate.^[1]

Popular culture

Tradescant is the subject of the novel Earthly Joys by Philippa Gregory.^[7]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Tradescant family". The Vauxhall Society. 28 January 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
^ Potter 2006.
^ "The Museum". Garden Museum. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
^ "Ashmolean Museum Website – The History of the Ashmolean". Retrieved 7 January 2019.
^ "Ashmole dot com website – Biography of Elias Ashmole". Retrieved 7 January 2019.
^ Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. Vol. IV R-Z. Taylor & Francis. p. 2697. ISBN 978-0-8493-2678-3.
^ "Earthly Joys". Philippa Gregory. Retrieved 2024-09-21.

Sources

Leith-Ross, Prudence (1984). The John Tradescants: Gardeners to the Rose and Lily Queen. P. Owen. ISBN 0-720-60612-8.
MacGregor, Arthur, ed. (1983). Tradescant's Rarities: Essays on the Foundation of the Ashmolean Museum. Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-198-13405-3.
Allan, Mea (1964). The Tradescants. Their Plants, Gardens and Museum 1570–1662. London.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Potter, Jennifer (2006). Strange Blooms: The Curious Lives and Adventures of the John Tradescants. Atlantic. ISBN 1-843-54334-6.

External links

Media related to John Tradescant the Elder at Wikimedia Commons

Tradescant Collection at the Ashmolean Museum
Vauxhall Society
Botany Archived 2010-06-13 at the Wayback Machine
A Chilham garden designed by him

[Vauxhall_Society_2012-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "Tradescant family". The Vauxhall Society. 28 January 2012. Retrieved 17 February 2023.

[FOOTNOTEPotter2006-2] Potter 2006.

[3] "The Museum". Garden Museum. Retrieved 17 February 2023.

[4] "Ashmolean Museum Website – The History of the Ashmolean". Retrieved 7 January 2019.

[5] "Ashmole dot com website – Biography of Elias Ashmole". Retrieved 7 January 2019.

[6] Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000). CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. Vol. IV R-Z. Taylor & Francis. p. 2697. ISBN 978-0-8493-2678-3.

[7] "Earthly Joys". Philippa Gregory. Retrieved 2024-09-21.

[1]

[2]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|English botanist (1570–1638)}}
-{{more footnotes|date=February 2017}}
+{{Use British English|date=February 2023}}
-[[File:John Tradescant the elder.jpg|right|thumb|250px|John Tradescant the Elder (portrait attributed to [[Cornelis de Neve]])]]
-'''John Tradescant''' the Elder ({{IPAc-en|pron|t|r|ə|ˈ|d|ɛ|s|k|ə|n|t|}}; c. 1570s – 15&ndash;16 April 1638), father of [[John Tradescant the Younger]], was an English naturalist, gardener, collector and traveller.
+{{Infobox person
+| name          = John Tradescant
+| image         = John Tradescant the elder.jpg
+| alt           =
+| caption       = John Tradescant the Elder (portrait attributed to [[Cornelis de Neve]]
+| birth_name    =
+| birth_date    = 1570s
+| birth_place   = Suffolk
+| death_date    = 15–16 April 1638
+| death_place   =
+| nationality   = English
+| other_names   =
+| occupation    = Naturalist, gardener, collector and traveller
+| years_active  =
+| known_for     =
+| notable_works =
+}}
+'''John Tradescant''' the Elder ({{IPAc-en|pron|t|r|ə|ˈ|d|ɛ|s|k|ə|n|t|}}; c. 1570s – 15–16 April 1638), father of [[John Tradescant the Younger]], was an English naturalist, gardener, collector and traveller.
 ==Life==
-John Tradescant was probably born in Suffolk. He began his career as head gardener to [[Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury]] at [[Hatfield House]], who initiated Tradescant in travelling by sending him to the [[Low Countries]] for fruit trees in 1610/11. He was kept on by Robert's son [[William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury|William]], to produce gardens at the family's London house, [[Cecil House|Salisbury House]]. He then designed gardens on the site of [[St Augustine's Abbey]] for [[Edward Wotton, 1st Baron Wotton|Edward Lord Wotton]] in 1615-23.
+John Tradescant was probably born in Suffolk. On 18 June 1607 he married Elizabeth Day of [[Meopham]] in Kent, England. She was the daughter of Jeames Day, a vicar.
-Later, Tradescant was gardener to the royal favourite [[George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham]], remodelling his gardens at [[New Hall, Essex]] and at [[Burley-on-the-Hill]]. John Tradescant travelled to the [[Nikolo-Korelsky Monastery]] in Arctic [[Russia]] in 1618 (his own account of the expedition survives in his collection), to the [[Levant]] and to [[Algiers]] during an expedition against the [[Barbary pirates]] in 1620, returned to the Low Countries on Buckingham's behalf in 1624, and finally went to [[Paris]] and (as an engineer for the ill-fated siege of [[La Rochelle]]) the [[Ile de Ré]] with Buckingham. After Buckingham's assassination in 1628, he was then engaged in 1630 by [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]] to be Keeper of his Majesty's Gardens, Vines, and Silkworms at his queen's minor palace, [[Oatlands Palace]] in Surrey.
+Tradescant began his career as head gardener to [[Robert Cecil, 1st Earl of Salisbury]], at [[Hatfield House]], who initiated Tradescant in travelling by sending him to the [[Low Countries]] for fruit trees in 1610/11. He was kept on by Robert's son [[William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury|William]], to produce gardens at the family's London house, [[Cecil House|Salisbury House]].<ref name="Vauxhall Society 2012"/>
-[[File:Wenceslas Hollar - John Tradescant the elder.jpg|thumb|left|150px|Engraving of John Tradescant the Elder by [[Wenceslas Hollar]]]]
+He then designed gardens on the site of [[St Augustine's Abbey]] for [[Edward Wotton, 1st Baron Wotton|Lord Wotton]] in 1615–1623.<ref name="Vauxhall Society 2012"/>
-On all his trips he collected seeds and bulbs everywhere and assembled a collection of curiosities of natural history and ethnography which he housed in a large house, "The Ark", in Lambeth, London.  The Ark was the prototypical "[[Cabinet of curiosities|Cabinet of Curiosity]]", a collection of rare and strange objects, that became the first [[museum]] open to the public in England, the [[Musaeum Tradescantianum]]. He also gathered specimens through American colonists, including his personal friend [[John Smith of Jamestown|John Smith]], who bequeathed Tradescant a quarter of his library. From their [[botanical garden]] in [[Lambeth]], on the south bank of the [[River Thames|Thames]], he and his son, [[John Tradescant the younger|John]], introduced many plants into English gardens that have become part of the modern gardener's repertory.
+In 1623, Tradescant became gardener to the royal favourite [[George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham]], remodelling his gardens at [[New Hall, Essex]] and at [[Burley-on-the-Hill]].<ref name="Vauxhall Society 2012"/>
-He was buried in the churchyard of St-Mary-at-Lambeth, as was his son. The churchyard is now established as the [[Garden Museum]].
+He travelled to the [[Nikolo-Korelsky Monastery]] in Arctic [[Russia]] in 1618 (his own account of the expedition survives in his collection), to the [[Levant]] and to [[Algiers]] during an expedition against the [[Barbary pirates]] in 1620, returned to the Low Countries on Buckingham's behalf in 1624, and finally went to [[Paris]] and (as an engineer for the ill-fated siege of [[La Rochelle]]) the [[Île de Ré]] with Buckingham.
+After Buckingham's assassination in 1628, he was engaged in 1630 by [[Charles I of England|King Charles I]] to be keeper of His Majesty's Gardens, Vines, and Silkworms at [[Queen Henrietta Maria]]'s minor palace, [[Oatlands Palace]] in Surrey.
+[[File:Wenceslas Hollar - John Tradescant the elder.jpg|thumb|upright|Engraving of John Tradescant the Elder by [[Wenceslas Hollar]]]]
+On all his trips he collected seeds and bulbs, from which he assembled a collection of curiosities of natural history and ethnography which he housed in a large house, "The Ark", in [[Lambeth]], London.<ref name="Vauxhall Society 2012"/>
+The Ark was the prototypical "[[Cabinet of curiosities|Cabinet of Curiosity]]", a collection of rare and strange objects, that became the first [[museum]] open to the public in England, the [[Musaeum Tradescantianum]].
+He gathered specimens through American colonists, including his personal friend [[John Smith of Jamestown|John Smith]], who bequeathed Tradescant a quarter of his library.
+From their [[botanical garden]] in Lambeth, on the south bank of the [[River Thames|Thames]], he and his son, [[John Tradescant the younger]], introduced many plants into English gardens that have become part of the modern gardener's repertory.
+He is buried in the churchyard of St-Mary-at-Lambeth, as is his son.{{sfn|Potter|2006|p= }} The churchyard is now established as the [[Garden Museum]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Museum |url=https://gardenmuseum.org.uk/the-museum/ |publisher=Garden Museum |access-date=17 February 2023}}</ref>
 ==Legacy==
-The Tradescant collection, which was added to significantly by Tradescant's son, [[John Tradescant the Younger]], was later given to the [[University of Oxford]] by [[Elias Ashmole]]. It was combined with an older University collection to become the [[Ashmolean Museum]], which opened in 1683.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ashmolean Museum Website – The History of the Ashmolean|url=https://www.ashmolean.org/history-ashmolean|accessdate=7 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Ashmole dot com website – Biography of Elias Ashmole|url=http://ashmole.com/elias-ashmole-history/|accessdate=7 January 2019}}</ref>
+The Tradescant collection, which was added to significantly by Tradescant's son, [[John Tradescant the Younger]], was later given to the [[University of Oxford]] by [[Elias Ashmole]]. It was combined with an older University collection to become the [[Ashmolean Museum]], which opened in 1683.<ref name="Vauxhall Society 2012"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Ashmolean Museum Website – The History of the Ashmolean |url=https://www.ashmolean.org/history-ashmolean |access-date=7 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Ashmole dot com website – Biography of Elias Ashmole |url=http://ashmole.com/elias-ashmole-history/ |access-date=7 January 2019}}</ref>
-A genus of flowering plants (''[[Tradescantia]]'') is named in his honour.
+A genus of flowering plants (''[[Tradescantia]]'') was named in honour of the two men by [[Carl Linnaeus]] in 1752.<ref>{{cite book |last=Quattrocchi |first=Umberto |title=CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology |volume=IV R-Z |year=2000 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-0-8493-2678-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zIOvJSJs-IkC |page=2697}}</ref>
-Tradescant Road, off South Lambeth Road in Vauxhall, marks the former boundary of the Tradescant estate.
+Tradescant Road, off South Lambeth Road in [[Vauxhall]], marks the former boundary of the Tradescant estate.<ref name="Vauxhall Society 2012">{{cite web |title=Tradescant family |url=https://vauxhallhistory.org/tradescant-family/ |publisher=The Vauxhall Society |access-date=17 February 2023 |date=28 January 2012}}</ref>
 ==Popular culture==
-Tradescant is the subject of the novel ''Earthly Joys'' by [[Philippa Gregory]].
+Tradescant is the subject of the novel ''Earthly Joys'' by [[Philippa Gregory]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Earthly Joys |url=https://www.philippagregory.com/books/earthly-joys |access-date=2024-09-21 |website=Philippa Gregory |language=en}}</ref>
 ==See also==
@@ Line 27: / Line 56: @@
 == References ==
+{{Reflist|30em}}
-=== Citations ===
-{{Reflist}}
-=== Sources ===
+== Sources ==
 {{refbegin}}
-* {{cite book |first=Prudence |last=Leith-Ross |title = The John Tradescants: Gardeners to the Rose and Lily Queen |year=1984 |isbn=0-720-60612-8 }}
+* {{cite book |first=Prudence |last=Leith-Ross |title=The John Tradescants: Gardeners to the Rose and Lily Queen |year=1984 |publisher=P. Owen |isbn=0-720-60612-8 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/johntradescants0000unse }}
-* {{cite book |editor-first=Arthur |editor-last=MacGregor |title = Tradescant's Rarities: Essays on the Foundation of the Ashmolean Museum |year=1983 |isbn=0-198-13405-3 }}
+* {{cite book |editor-first=Arthur |editor-last=MacGregor |title = Tradescant's Rarities: Essays on the Foundation of the Ashmolean Museum |year=1983 |publisher=Clarendon Press |isbn=0-198-13405-3 }}
-* {{cite book |first=Mea |last=Allan |author-link=Mea Allan |title=The Tradescants. Their Plants, Gardens and Museum 1570-1662 |location=London |year=1964 }}
+* {{cite book |first=Mea |last=Allan |author-link=Mea Allan |title=The Tradescants. Their Plants, Gardens and Museum 1570–1662 |location=London |year=1964 }}
-* {{cite book |first=Jennifer |last=Potter |title=Strange Blooms: The Curious Lives and Adventures of the John Tradescants |year=2006 |isbn=1-843-54334-6 }}
+* {{cite book |first=Jennifer |last=Potter |title=Strange Blooms: The Curious Lives and Adventures of the John Tradescants |year=2006 |publisher=Atlantic |isbn=1-843-54334-6 }}
 {{refend}}
 ==External links==
+{{Commonscatinline}}
-*[http://www.ashmolean.museum/ash/amulets/tradescant/HomePage.html Tradescant Collection at the Ashmolean Museum]
+*[https://web.archive.org/web/20090521160132/http://www.ashmolean.museum/ash/amulets/tradescant/HomePage.html Tradescant Collection at the Ashmolean Museum]
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20060924232222/http://www.vauxhallsociety.org.uk/Tradescants.html Vauxhall Society]
-*[http://www.nynjctbotany.org/plnthunt/plnthunt.html Botany]
+*[http://www.nynjctbotany.org/plnthunt/plnthunt.html Botany] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100613081103/http://nynjctbotany.org/plnthunt/plnthunt.html |date=2010-06-13 }}
 *[https://web.archive.org/web/20070929105500/http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/~tasha27/chilham/events/pp2001/Tradescant.html A Chilham garden designed by him]
 {{Authority control}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Tradescant, John, The Elder}}
 [[Category:1570s births]]
 [[Category:1638 deaths]]
-[[Category:English botanists]]
+[[Category:17th-century English botanists]]
-[[Category:Pre-Linnaean botanists]]
+[[Category:16th-century English botanists]]
 [[Category:English gardeners]]
 [[Category:People educated at The King's School, Canterbury]]
@@ Line 55: / Line 85: @@
 [[Category:History of museums]]
 [[Category:History of the London Borough of Lambeth]]
-[[Category:People from Suffolk]]
+[[Category:People from Hertfordshire]]
-[[Category:People of the Tudor period]]
-[[Category:16th-century botanists]]
-[[Category:17th-century botanists]]
 [[Category:16th-century gardeners]]
 [[Category:17th-century gardeners]]
-[[Category:16th-century English people]]
+[[Category:17th-century English naturalists]]
-[[Category:17th-century English people]]
 [[Category:People associated with the Ashmolean Museum]]
+[[Category:16th-century English naturalists]]
+[[Category:Burials at St Mary-at-Lambeth]]

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