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Coordinates: 58°32′N 15°02′E / 58.533°N 15.033°E / 58.533; 15.033
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'''Motala''' ({{IPA-sv|ˈmûːˌtɑːla|-|sv-Motala.ogg}})<ref>{{cite book|url=http://runeberg.org/ortnamn/0021.html|author1=Jöran Sahlgren|author2=Gösta Bergman|title=Svenska ortnamn med uttalsuppgifter|language=sv|year=1979|page=17}}</ref> is a [[Urban areas in Sweden|locality]] and the seat of [[Motala Municipality]], [[Östergötland County]], [[Sweden]] with 29,823 inhabitants (41,956 in the entire municipality) in 2010.<ref name=scb /> It is the third largest city of Östergötland, following [[Linköping]] and [[Norrköping]]. Motala is situated on the eastern shore of [[Lake Vättern]] and is regarded as the main centre of both the [[Göta Canal]] and the surrounding lake region.
'''Motala''' ({{IPA|sv|ˈmûːˌtɑːla|-|sv-Motala.ogg}})<ref>{{cite book|url=https://runeberg.org/ortnamn/0021.html|author1=Jöran Sahlgren|author2=Gösta Bergman|title=Svenska ortnamn med uttalsuppgifter|language=sv|year=1979|page=17}}</ref> is a [[Urban areas in Sweden|locality]] and the seat of [[Motala Municipality]], [[Östergötland County]], [[Sweden]] with 43,717 inhabitants in 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Folkmängd och befolkningsförändringar - Kvartal 1, 2024 |url=https://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/befolkning/befolkningens-sammansattning/befolkningsstatistik/pong/tabell-och-diagram/folkmangd-och-befolkningsforandringar---manad-kvartal-och-halvar/folkmangd-och-befolkningsforandringar---kvartal-1-2024/ |access-date=2024-08-20 |website=Statistikmyndigheten SCB |language=sv}}</ref> It is the third largest city of Östergötland, following [[Linköping]] and [[Norrköping]]. Motala is situated on the eastern shore of [[Lake Vättern]] and is regarded as the main centre of both the [[Göta Canal]] and the surrounding lake region.


== History ==
== History ==
{{unreferenced section|date=June 2024}}
[[Image:Worker's housing Motala Sweden.JPG|thumb|left|Workers' housing in Motala]]
[[Image:Worker's housing Motala Sweden.JPG|thumb|left|Workers' housing in Motala]]


[[Motala Church]] dates from the 13th century. For several centuries, Motala remained a small village, mainly regarded as a stopping post on the road to the nearby town of [[Vadstena]], one of the cultural centres of medieval Sweden. However, King [[Gustav Vasa]] had a [[manor house]] built at Motala and later Queen [[Christina of Sweden|Kristina]] had a summer residence built at the [[spa]] resort of [[Medevi]], 20&nbsp;km north of the town.
[[Motala Church]] dates from the 13th century. For several centuries, Motala remained a small village, mainly regarded as a stopping post on the road to the nearby town of [[Vadstena]], one of the cultural centres of medieval Sweden. However, King [[Gustav Vasa]] had a [[manor house]] built at Motala and later Queen [[Christina of Sweden|Kristina]] had a summer residence built at the [[spa]] resort of [[Medevi]], {{cvt|20|km|1}} north of the town.


When the [[Göta Canal]] was built in the early 19th century, Motala became an important town for the trade on the canal. The builder of the canal, [[Baltzar von Platen (1766-1829)|Baltzar von Platen]], has his grave beside it. The town received the minor privilege status of ''[[köping]]'' in 1823, while full city rights were granted as of April 1, 1881. With the Swedish municipal reform of 1971, Motala became the seat of [[Motala Municipality]].
When the [[Göta Canal]] was built in the early 19th century, Motala became an important town for the trade on the canal. The builder of the canal, [[Baltzar von Platen (1766–1829)|Baltzar von Platen]], has his grave beside it. The town received the minor privilege status of ''[[köping]]'' in 1823, while full city rights were granted as of April 1, 1881. With the Swedish municipal reform of 1971, Motala became the seat of [[Motala Municipality]].


[[Motala Verkstad]] is an engineering company specialising in bridge and railway construction equipment. In the [[science fiction]] novel ''[[Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea|20,000 Leagues Under the Sea]]'' by [[Jules Verne]], the prow of the submarine [[Nautilus (Verne)|''Nautilus'']] was built at Motala Verkstad. Later major Swedish industrial manufacturers such as [[Electrolux]] and [[Luxor AB|Luxor]] had their main factories built in the city.
[[Motala Verkstad]] is an engineering company specialising in bridge and railway construction equipment. In the 1870 [[science fiction]] novel ''[[Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas]]'' by [[Jules Verne]], the prow of the submarine [[Nautilus (Verne)|''Nautilus'']] was built at Motala Verkstad. Later major Swedish industrial manufacturers such as [[Electrolux]] and [[Luxor AB|Luxor]] had their main factories built in the city.


In 1963, [[Tetra Pak]] installed the first [[Tetra Brik]] packaging machine in Motala.
In 1963, [[Tetra Pak]] installed the first [[Tetra Brik]] packaging machine in Motala.


== Climate ==
== Climate ==
Motala has a temperate climate. Lake Vättern provides Motala with slightly cooler summers and milder winters compared to areas of inner Östergötland (±{{cvt|0.5|-|0.9|C-change|0}} compared to the nearby city of Linköping<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sv.climate-data.org/location/80/|title=Klimat Linköping: Temperatur, Klimat graf, Klimat bord|website=sv.climate-data.org|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref>). The warmest month is July with an average daily mean temperature at {{cvt|16.4|C}}, and an average daytime temperature at {{cvt|21.6|C}}. The coldest month is February with an average daily mean at {{cvt|-3.3|C}}, and an average daytime temperature at {{cvt|+0.1|C}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://sv.climate-data.org/location/37483/|title=Klimat Motala: Temperatur, Klimat graf, Klimat bord|website=sv.climate-data.org|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> Record temperatures between 1961 and 1990, as registered by Motala Kraftverk weather station, reaches from {{cvt|-26.3|C}} in February 1985 to {{cvt|32.6|C}} in August 1975. The most recent data is from Swedish Armed Forces' weather station located approximately 30 km north-east of the city centre. Its inland position renders greater diurnal temperature difference. In addition the geographic location makes seasonal lag is less visible compared to station located near Vättern. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://opendata-download-metobs.smhi.se/explore/?parameter=0#|title=SMHI Öppna Data {{!}} Meteorologiska Observationer {{!}} Lufttemperatur, timvärde - Motala Kraftverk (1961-1990)|last=SMHI|website=SMHI|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref>
Motala has a temperate climate. Lake Vättern provides Motala with slightly cooler summers and milder winters compared to areas of inner Östergötland (±{{cvt|0.5|-|0.9|C-change|0}} compared to the nearby city of Linköping<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sv.climate-data.org/location/80/|title=Klimat Linköping: Temperatur, Klimat graf, Klimat bord|website=sv.climate-data.org|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref>). The warmest month is July with an average daily mean temperature at {{cvt|16.4|C}}, and an average daytime temperature at {{cvt|21.6|C}}. The coldest month is February with an average daily mean at {{cvt|-3.3|C}}, and an average daytime temperature at {{cvt|+0.1|C}}.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://sv.climate-data.org/location/37483/|title=Klimat Motala: Temperatur, Klimat graf, Klimat bord|website=sv.climate-data.org|access-date=2018-06-03}}</ref> Record temperatures between 1961 and 1990, as registered by Motala Kraftverk weather station, reaches from {{cvt|-26.3|C}} in February 1985 to {{cvt|32.6|C}} in August 1975. The most recent data is from Swedish Armed Forces' weather station located approximately 30 km north-east of the city centre. Its inland position renders greater diurnal temperature difference. In addition the geographic location makes seasonal lag is less visible compared to station located near Vättern. <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://opendata-download-metobs.smhi.se/explore/?parameter=0|title=SMHI Öppna Data {{!}} Meteorologiska Observationer {{!}} Lufttemperatur, timvärde – Motala Kraftverk (1961–1990)|last=SMHI|website=SMHI|access-date=2018-06-03|archive-date=2018-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717222907/http://opendata-download-metobs.smhi.se/explore/?parameter=0|url-status=dead}}</ref>
Motala generally experiences much rainfall, with the wettest month being August with an average of {{convert|71|mm|in}} of rain. The driest month is March, with an average of {{convert|29|mm|in}} of rain.<ref name=":0" />
Motala generally experiences much rainfall, with the wettest month being August with an average of {{convert|71|mm|in}} of rain. The driest month is March, with an average of {{convert|29|mm|in}} of rain.<ref name=":0" />


==Climate table==
==Climate table==
{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Kvarn (1991-2020 averages & extremes since 1901)
|location = Kvarn (1991–2020 averages & extremes since 1901)
|collapsed =
|collapsed =
|metric first = Yes
|metric first = Yes
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|source 1 = SMHI<ref>{{cite web
|source 1 = SMHI<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer/#param=airTemperatureMinAndMaxOnceEveryDay,stations=all,stationid=52230
| url = https://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer/#param=airTemperatureMinAndMaxOnceEveryDay,stations=all,stationid=52230
| title=Försvarsmakten Open Data for Kvarn, Militärområde
| title = Försvarsmakten Open Data for Kvarn, Militärområde
| publisher =[[Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute]] | language = sv}}</ref>
| publisher = [[Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute]]
| language = sv
| access-date = 2020-11-15
⚫
|source 2 = SMHI Monthly Data 2015-2019<ref>{{cite web
| archive-date = 2019-04-11
⚫
| url=http://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/temperatur/2.1240
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190411092753/https://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer#param=airTemperatureMinAndMaxOnceEveryDay,stations=all,stationid=52230
⚫
| title=Monthly and Yearly Statistics|language=sv
| url-status = dead
| publisher = SMHI| date= 11 April 2019}}</ref>}}
}}</ref>
⚫
|source 2 = SMHI Monthly Data 2015–2019<ref>{{cite web
⚫
|url = http://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/temperatur/2.1240
⚫
|title = Monthly and Yearly Statistics
|language = sv
|publisher = SMHI
|date = 11 April 2019
|access-date = 15 November 2020
|archive-date = 25 December 2018
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20181225065632/http://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/temperatur/2.1240%20
|url-status = dead
}}</ref>}}




{{Weather box
{{Weather box
|location = Motala 1991-2020
|location = Motala 1991–2020
|collapsed = Yes
|collapsed = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|metric first = Yes
Line 246: Line 260:


== Longwave radio ==
== Longwave radio ==
{{unreferenced section|date=June 2024}}
[[Image:Long wave radio station 001 Motala Sweden.JPG|thumb|left|The old longwave broadcasting station in Motala]]
[[Image:Long wave radio station 001 Motala Sweden.JPG|thumb|left|The old longwave broadcasting station in Motala]]
Another important episode of Motala history began in 1927, when the Swedish national [[Motala longwave transmitter]] station was built. The town marks the middle of a straight line between Sweden's two biggest cities, [[Stockholm]] and [[Gothenburg]]. Radio programs were transferred from studios in Stockholm to Motala by telephone wire. The call was "Stockholm-Motala". The transmitter operated on 191&nbsp;kHz until 1962, when the transmissions were moved to [[longwave transmitter Orlunda|Orlunda]]. Since 1991 there have been no longwave transmissions at all by the Swedish Broadcasting Company, but the Motala transmitter, which is a museum today, sometimes makes low power transmissions which may only be received in the Motala area.
Another important episode of Motala history began in 1927, when the Swedish national [[Motala longwave transmitter]] station was built. The town marks the middle of a straight line between Sweden's two biggest cities, [[Stockholm]] and [[Gothenburg]]. Radio programs were transferred from studios in Stockholm to Motala by telephone wire. The call was "Stockholm-Motala". The transmitter operated on 191&nbsp;kHz until 1962, when the transmissions were moved to [[longwave transmitter Orlunda|Orlunda]]. Since 1991 there have been no longwave transmissions at all by the Swedish Broadcasting Company, but the Motala transmitter, which is a museum today, sometimes makes low power transmissions which may only be received in the Motala area.


At [[Ervasteby Transmitter|Ervasteby]], near Motala, there is a 332 metres tall guyed mast, used for FM- and TV-broadcasting.
At [[Ervasteby Transmitter|Ervasteby]], near Motala, there is a {{convert|332|m|ft|0|adj=on}} tall guyed mast, used for FM- and TV-broadcasting.


Some years before the broadcasting station was established the [[Luxor AB|Luxor]] company was founded in Motala. Luxor soon became one of the largest [[radio]] and later [[television]] manufacturers in [[Sweden]]. In the 1980s Luxor started producing their own line of computers, like the [[ABC 80]]. In 1985 Luxor was acquired by [[Nokia]], and eventually production moved elsewhere.
Some years before the broadcasting station was established the [[Luxor AB|Luxor]] company was founded in Motala. Luxor soon became one of the largest [[radio]] and later [[television]] manufacturers in [[Sweden]]. In the 1980s Luxor started producing their own line of computers, like the [[ABC 80]]. In 1985 Luxor was acquired by [[Nokia]], and eventually production moved elsewhere.
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The following sports clubs are located in Motala:
The following sports clubs are located in Motala:


* [[BK Zeros]]
* [[BK Zeros]] (football)
* [[IFK Motala]]
* [[IFK Motala]] (bandy)
* [[Motala AIF]]
* [[Motala AIF]] (football)
* [[Piraterna]] (speedway), who race at the [[Motala Arena]]
* [[Motala Segelsällskap]]
* [[Motala Segelsällskap]]


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{{See also|Nordic Bronze Age#Genetics|Zvejnieki burial ground|Deriivka|Khvalynsk|Iron Gates Mesolithic|Samara culture#Genetics}}
{{See also|Nordic Bronze Age#Genetics|Zvejnieki burial ground|Deriivka|Khvalynsk|Iron Gates Mesolithic|Samara culture#Genetics}}
A November 2015 genetic study published in [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] included an analysis of six [[hunter-gatherer]]s buried at Motala between ca. 6000 BC and 5700 BC. Of the four males surveyed, three carried the paternal [[Haplogroup I-M438|haplogroup I2a1]] or various subclades of it, while the other carried [[Haplogroup I-M170|I2c]]. With regards to [[mtDNA]], four individuals carried subclades of [[Haplogroup U (mtDNA)#Haplogroup U5|U5a]], while two carried [[Haplogroup U (mtDNA)#Haplogroup U2|U2e1]].{{sfn|Mathieson|2015}}{{sfn|Mathieson|2018}}
A November 2015 genetic study published in [[Nature (journal)|Nature]] included an analysis of six [[hunter-gatherer]]s buried at Motala between ca. 6000 BC and 5700 BC. Of the four males surveyed, three carried the paternal [[Haplogroup I-M438|haplogroup I2a1]] or various subclades of it, while the other carried [[Haplogroup I-M170|I2c]]. With regards to [[mtDNA]], four individuals carried subclades of [[Haplogroup U (mtDNA)#Haplogroup U5|U5a]], while two carried [[Haplogroup U (mtDNA)#Haplogroup U2|U2e1]].{{sfn|Mathieson|2015}}{{sfn|Mathieson|2018}}

== Notable people ==
* [[Alexander Bard]], musician and political activist
* [[Torbjörn Caspersson]] (1910–1997), cytogeneticist
* [[Sophia Isberg]] (1819–1875), artist
* [[Helena Kallenbäck]], actress
* [[Hanna Lindblad]], musical artist and singer
* [[Andreas Norlén]], politician and [[Speaker of the Riksdag]] since 2018
* [[Ilmar Reepalu]], politician
* [[Åsa Regnér]], politician
* [[Agnes Sandström]] (1887–1985), [[Sinking of the Titanic|Titanic]] survivor
* [[Lars Stjernkvist]], politician
* [[Fredrik Virtanen]], journalist
* [[Baltzar von Platen (1766–1829)|Baltzar von Platen]] (1766–1829), statesman and founder of [[Göta Canal|Göta Kanal]]
* [[Owe Wiktorin]], [[Swedish Air Force]] officer, previous [[Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces]]
* [[Jan Jönsson (equestrian)|Jan Jonsson]], Equestrian
* [[Ulla Håkanson|Ulla Hakanson]], Equestrian
* [[Per Holmertz]], Swimmer


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 15:37, 27 November 2024

This article is about the locality in Sweden. For the town in Maharashtra, India, see Motala, Buldhana.
Motala
The old court house
The old court house
Motala is located in Östergötland
Motala
Motala
Motala is located in Sweden
Motala
Motala
Coordinates: 58°32′N 15°02′E / 58.533°N 15.033°E / 58.533; 15.033
CountrySweden
ProvinceÖstergötland
CountyÖstergötland County
MunicipalityMotala Municipality
Area
[1]
 • Total
19.29 km2 (7.45 sq mi)
Population
 (31 December 2010)[1]
 • Total
29,823
 • Density1,546/km2 (4,000/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)

Motala (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈmûːˌtɑːla] ⓘ)[2] is a locality and the seat of Motala Municipality, Östergötland County, Sweden with 43,717 inhabitants in 2024.[3] It is the third largest city of Östergötland, following Linköping and Norrköping. Motala is situated on the eastern shore of Lake Vättern and is regarded as the main centre of both the Göta Canal and the surrounding lake region.

History

[edit]
Workers' housing in Motala

Motala Church dates from the 13th century. For several centuries, Motala remained a small village, mainly regarded as a stopping post on the road to the nearby town of Vadstena, one of the cultural centres of medieval Sweden. However, King Gustav Vasa had a manor house built at Motala and later Queen Kristina had a summer residence built at the spa resort of Medevi, 20 km (12.4 mi) north of the town.

When the Göta Canal was built in the early 19th century, Motala became an important town for the trade on the canal. The builder of the canal, Baltzar von Platen, has his grave beside it. The town received the minor privilege status of köping in 1823, while full city rights were granted as of April 1, 1881. With the Swedish municipal reform of 1971, Motala became the seat of Motala Municipality.

Motala Verkstad is an engineering company specialising in bridge and railway construction equipment. In the 1870 science fiction novel Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Seas by Jules Verne, the prow of the submarine Nautilus was built at Motala Verkstad. Later major Swedish industrial manufacturers such as Electrolux and Luxor had their main factories built in the city.

In 1963, Tetra Pak installed the first Tetra Brik packaging machine in Motala.

Climate

[edit]

Motala has a temperate climate. Lake Vättern provides Motala with slightly cooler summers and milder winters compared to areas of inner Östergötland (±0.5–0.9 °C (1–2 °F) compared to the nearby city of Linköping[4]). The warmest month is July with an average daily mean temperature at 16.4 °C (61.5 °F), and an average daytime temperature at 21.6 °C (70.9 °F). The coldest month is February with an average daily mean at −3.3 °C (26.1 °F), and an average daytime temperature at +0.1 °C (32.2 °F).[5] Record temperatures between 1961 and 1990, as registered by Motala Kraftverk weather station, reaches from −26.3 °C (−15.3 °F) in February 1985 to 32.6 °C (90.7 °F) in August 1975. The most recent data is from Swedish Armed Forces' weather station located approximately 30 km north-east of the city centre. Its inland position renders greater diurnal temperature difference. In addition the geographic location makes seasonal lag is less visible compared to station located near Vättern. [6] Motala generally experiences much rainfall, with the wettest month being August with an average of 71 millimetres (2.8 in) of rain. The driest month is March, with an average of 29 millimetres (1.1 in) of rain.[5]

Climate table

[edit]
Climate data for Kvarn (1991–2020 averages & extremes since 1901)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 11.1
(52.0) 		13.1
(55.6) 		16.4
(61.5) 		24.9
(76.8) 		28.6
(83.5) 		30.7
(87.3) 		32.4
(90.3) 		33.6
(92.5) 		26.2
(79.2) 		21.9
(71.4) 		17.5
(63.5) 		12.8
(55.0) 		33.6
(92.5)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −0.1
(31.8) 		0.0
(32.0) 		3.9
(39.0) 		10.2
(50.4) 		16.3
(61.3) 		19.2
(66.6) 		21.6
(70.9) 		20.2
(68.4) 		15.1
(59.2) 		9.8
(49.6) 		3.8
(38.8) 		0.8
(33.4) 		10.1
(50.2)
Daily mean °C (°F) −2.7
(27.1) 		−2.8
(27.0) 		0.0
(32.0) 		4.8
(40.6) 		9.9
(49.8) 		13.7
(56.7) 		16.2
(61.2) 		15.0
(59.0) 		10.7
(51.3) 		5.6
(42.1) 		1.5
(34.7) 		−1.4
(29.5) 		5.9
(42.6)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −5.3
(22.5) 		−5.6
(21.9) 		−3.9
(25.0) 		−0.6
(30.9) 		3.5
(38.3) 		8.2
(46.8) 		10.8
(51.4) 		9.8
(49.6) 		6.3
(43.3) 		1.4
(34.5) 		−0.8
(30.6) 		−3.6
(25.5) 		1.7
(35.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 35.4
(1.39) 		23.8
(0.94) 		28.5
(1.12) 		31.0
(1.22) 		37.5
(1.48) 		44.5
(1.75) 		65.7
(2.59) 		61.1
(2.41) 		58.8
(2.31) 		44.3
(1.74) 		46.0
(1.81) 		39.3
(1.55) 		515.9
(20.31)
Source 1: SMHI[7]
Source 2: SMHI Monthly Data 2015–2019[8]


Climate data for Motala 1991–2020
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 2.1
(35.8) 		2.3
(36.1) 		6.3
(43.3) 		12.4
(54.3) 		17.3
(63.1) 		21.1
(70.0) 		22.8
(73.0) 		22.0
(71.6) 		17.5
(63.5) 		11.3
(52.3) 		6.2
(43.2) 		3.5
(38.3) 		11.9
(53.4)
Daily mean °C (°F) 0.0
(32.0) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		2.6
(36.7) 		7.3
(45.1) 		12.2
(54.0) 		16.0
(60.8) 		18.4
(65.1) 		17.6
(63.7) 		13.3
(55.9) 		8.3
(46.9) 		4.2
(39.6) 		1.4
(34.5) 		8.4
(47.1)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −2.1
(28.2) 		−2.5
(27.5) 		−1.1
(30.0) 		2.2
(36.0) 		7.1
(44.8) 		10.9
(51.6) 		14.0
(57.2) 		13.4
(56.1) 		9.2
(48.6) 		5.3
(41.5) 		2.2
(36.0) 		−0.5
(31.1) 		4.8
(40.6)
Source 1: SMHI Open Data[9]
Source 2: SMHI Average Data 2002–2018[10]
Climate data for Motala
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average temperature Vättern °C 3.2
 2.0
 1.3
 3.8
 8.1
 14.5
 18.2
 18.3
 14.8
 10.5
 7.5
 4.9
 8.9
Mean daily daylight hours 7.0 10.0 12.0 15.0 17.0 18.0 17.0 15.0 13.0 11.0 8.0 6.0 12.4
Average Ultraviolet index 0 1 2 4 5 6 6 5 4 2 1 0 3
Source: Weather Atlas[11]

Longwave radio

[edit]
The old longwave broadcasting station in Motala

Another important episode of Motala history began in 1927, when the Swedish national Motala longwave transmitter station was built. The town marks the middle of a straight line between Sweden's two biggest cities, Stockholm and Gothenburg. Radio programs were transferred from studios in Stockholm to Motala by telephone wire. The call was "Stockholm-Motala". The transmitter operated on 191 kHz until 1962, when the transmissions were moved to Orlunda. Since 1991 there have been no longwave transmissions at all by the Swedish Broadcasting Company, but the Motala transmitter, which is a museum today, sometimes makes low power transmissions which may only be received in the Motala area.

At Ervasteby, near Motala, there is a 332-metre (1,089 ft) tall guyed mast, used for FM- and TV-broadcasting.

Some years before the broadcasting station was established the Luxor company was founded in Motala. Luxor soon became one of the largest radio and later television manufacturers in Sweden. In the 1980s Luxor started producing their own line of computers, like the ABC 80. In 1985 Luxor was acquired by Nokia, and eventually production moved elsewhere.

Main sights

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For sights surrounding Motala, see Motala Municipality.

Sports

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The following sports clubs are located in Motala:

Archaeogenetics

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See also: Nordic Bronze Age § Genetics, Zvejnieki burial ground, Deriivka, Khvalynsk, Iron Gates Mesolithic, and Samara culture § Genetics

A November 2015 genetic study published in Nature included an analysis of six hunter-gatherers buried at Motala between ca. 6000 BC and 5700 BC. Of the four males surveyed, three carried the paternal haplogroup I2a1 or various subclades of it, while the other carried I2c. With regards to mtDNA, four individuals carried subclades of U5a, while two carried U2e1.[12][13]

Notable people

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References

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  1. ^ a b "Tätorternas landareal, folkmängd och invånare per km2 2005 och 2010" (in Swedish). Statistics Sweden. 14 December 2011. Archived from the original on 27 January 2012. Retrieved 10 January 2012.
  2. ^ Jöran Sahlgren; Gösta Bergman (1979). Svenska ortnamn med uttalsuppgifter (in Swedish). p. 17.
  3. ^ "Folkmängd och befolkningsförändringar - Kvartal 1, 2024". Statistikmyndigheten SCB (in Swedish). Retrieved 2024-08-20.
  4. ^ "Klimat Linköping: Temperatur, Klimat graf, Klimat bord". sv.climate-data.org. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
  5. ^ a b "Klimat Motala: Temperatur, Klimat graf, Klimat bord". sv.climate-data.org. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
  6. ^ SMHI. "SMHI Öppna Data | Meteorologiska Observationer | Lufttemperatur, timvärde – Motala Kraftverk (1961–1990)". SMHI. Archived from the original on 2018-07-17. Retrieved 2018-06-03.
  7. ^ "Försvarsmakten Open Data for Kvarn, Militärområde" (in Swedish). Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. Archived from the original on 2019-04-11. Retrieved 2020-11-15.
  8. ^ "Monthly and Yearly Statistics" (in Swedish). SMHI. 11 April 2019. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 15 November 2020.
  9. ^ "Nederbörd för Lund" (in Swedish). SMHI. April 2015. Archived from the original on 11 April 2019. Retrieved 20 May 2019.
  10. ^ "SMHI Data för väder och vatten" (in Swedish). Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute. Archived from the original on 2019-04-26. Retrieved 2019-05-20.
  11. ^ "Motala, Sweden – Monthly weather forecast and Climate data". Weather Atlas. Retrieved 25 January 2019.
  12. ^ Mathieson 2015.
  13. ^ Mathieson 2018.

Sources

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  • Media related to Motala at Wikimedia Commons
  • Motala travel guide from Wikivoyage
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