North Omotic languages: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Language family of Ethiopia}} |
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{{Infobox language family |
{{Infobox language family |
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|name=North Omotic |
| name = North Omotic |
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|altname=Nomotic |
| altname = Nomotic, Ta-Ne-Omotic |
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|region=[[Ethiopia]] |
| region = [[Ethiopia]], [[Sudan]] |
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|familycolor=Afro-Asiatic |
| familycolor = Afro-Asiatic |
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| fam1 = [[Afro-Asiatic]]? |
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| ⚫ | |||
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| fam2 = [[Omotic languages|Omotic]]? |
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| child1 = [[Gonga languages|Gonga]] |
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| child2 = [[Ometo languages|Ometo]] |
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| child3 = ''[[Bench language|Bench]]'' |
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| child4 = ''[[Yem language|Yem]]'' |
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| child5 = [[Mao languages|Mao]]? |
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|glotto=none |
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| glotto = gong1255 |
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| glottorefname = Ta-Ne-Omotic |
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| child6 = [[Dizoid languages|Dizoid]]? |
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|glotto3=dizo1235 |
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|glottoname3=Dizoid |
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|glotto4=maoo1243 |
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|glottoname4=Mao |
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|glottorefname4=Blue Nile Mao |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''North Omotic |
The '''North Omotic''' (Nomotic) or '''Ta-Ne Omotic languages''', are a group of languages spoken in [[Ethiopia]]. [[Glottolog]] considers Ta-Ne-Omotic to be an independent [[language family]], whereas older classifications may link it to the [[Omotic languages|Omotic]] branch of the [[Afro-Asiatic family]], though this affiliation is disputed. |
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[[Dizoid languages|Dizoid]] is left out in later classifications, but included in earlier ones. |
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A relatively comprehensive comparative word list is given in [[Václav Blažek]] (2008).<ref>Blažek, Václav. 2008. A lexicostatistical comparison of Omotic languages. In Bengtson (ed.), 57–148.</ref> |
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==Subdivisions== |
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The four Ta-Ne Omotic (North Omotic) subdivisions given by Güldemann (2018) are:<ref name="Guldemann">{{Cite book|title=The Languages and Linguistics of Africa|last=Güldemann|first=Tom|editor-last=Güldemann|editor-first=Tom|publisher=De Gruyter Mouton|chapter=Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa|year=2018|isbn=978-3-11-042606-9|doi=10.1515/9783110421668-002|location=Berlin|pages=58–444|series=The World of Linguistics series|volume=11}}</ref> |
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*[[Ometo languages|Ometo]]-''[[Chara language|C’ara]]'' |
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*''[[Gimira language|Gimira]]'' (''[[Bench language|Bench]]'') |
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*[[Gonga languages|Gonga]] |
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*''[[Yem language|Yemsa]]'' (''Yem'') |
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==Numerals== |
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Comparison of numerals in individual languages:<ref name="ChanNumeralsAA">{{Cite web|url=https://lingweb.eva.mpg.de/channumerals/Afro-Asiatic.htm|title=The Afro-Asiatic Language Phylum|last=Chan|first=Eugene|publisher=Numeral Systems of the World's Languages|date=2019}}</ref> |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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! Language !! 1 !! 2 !! 3 !! 4 !! 5 !! 6 !! 7 !! 8 !! 9 !! 10 |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:jnj|Yemsa (Janjero)]] || ʔɪsːɔːn11 / ʔɪsa11 || ˈhɛpʰ1 / ʔɛpʰ1 || ˈkʰeːz2 || ʔa11ˈt͡ʃeːt͡ʃ3 || ˈʔʊːt͡ʃ3 || ʔɪ1ˈsiːʊn1 || ˈnaː1fʊn1 || ˈnaŋ2riːn1 || ˈʔɪz1ɡɪn1 || ʔa1sɪr1 |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:cra|Chara]] || ʔissa || nanta || keːza || obda || učča || sapma || lapma || nandirsa || bíža || tansá |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:bcq|Gimira (Bench)]] || matʼ3 || nam4 || kaz4 || od4 || ut͡ʃ2 || sa2pm3 || na2pm3 || nʸar2tn3 || irs2tn3 || tam5 |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:mdy|Maale]] || pétte || lamʔó || haitsó || ʔoidó || dónɡo || láhhó || lánkayi || sálli || tásuɓa || táɓɓó |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:doz|Dorzze]] || ʔissino ~ istta || nam(ʔ)á || heezá ~ heedzi || ʔoidá || ʔitʃáʃa ~ ʔitʃátʃa || ʔusúpun ~ ʔusúɸun || láppun ~ láɸun || hóspun ~ hósɸun || ʔudúfun ~ ʔudúɸun || tám(m)i |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:gmv|Gamo]] (1) || ʔissíno / ʔistá || namʔá || heedzdzá || ʔoiddá || ʔitʃtʃátʃa || ʔusúppuna || laáppuna || hóspuna || ʔuddúpuna || támma |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:gmv|Gamo]] (2) || ʔissio (ʔista) || namʔa || heedzdza || ʔojdda || ʔitʃtʃatʃtʃa || ʔuspuna || laappuna || hospuna || ʔuddupuna || tamma |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:gof|Gofa]] || ʔistá || namʔʔá || heedzdzá || ʔoiddá || ʔitʃtʃáʃa || ʔusúppuna || laáppuna || hósppuna || ʔuddúfuna || támma |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:oyd|Oyda]] || féttó || lamʔí || ɦaiddzí || ʔoiddí || ʔíccin || ʔizíppun (1+5) || láappun (2+5) || ʔóspun (3+5) || ʔiddífun (4+5) || táɓɓó |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:wal|Wolaitta]] || ʔisttá || naaʔʔá || heezzá || ʔoiddá || ʔitʃtʃáʃa || ʔusúppuna || laápuna || hósppuna || ʔuddúpuna || támma |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:kqy|Koorete]] || ˈbɪ́dzːɔ̀ || ˈlámʔɛ̀ || ˈháʸdzɛ̀ || ˈʔɔ́ʸdːɛ̀ || ʔɪ̀ˈtʃɪ́tʃɛ̀ || ʔɪ̀ˈzːúɸɛ̀ || ˈláːpɛ̀ || hàˈzːúpːɛ̀ || ʔɔ̀ˈdːúpːɛ̀ || ˈtʰámːɛ̀ |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:zay|Zargulla]] || bizzó || námʔa || háidts || ʔoídd || ʔišíčč || ʔizíp || laáp || lakkúče || tansíne || támm |
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| [[ISO 639:bst|Basketo]] (1) || péttɑ́n or péttí (as modifier) || nɑ̀mʔí || hɑ̀izzí || òiddí || ìʃʃín || lèhí || tɑ̀bzɑ́ || lɑ̀mɑ́hɑ́i ~ lɑ̀mɑ́kɑ́i || sɑ̀ɑkɑ̀lí ~ sɑ̀ɑkìlí || tɑ́ɓɓɑ́ |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:bst|Basketto]] (2) || pʰɜtʰːɜn || nɑmʔi || ɑjdzi || ojdi || ɪʃːɪn || lɜhi || tɑbzɑ || lɑmɑkʰɑj || sɑːkʰɑli || tɑʔɓɑ |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:myo|Anfillo (Southern Mao)]] || ikkó || ɡuttó || kedzó || auddó || amittó (loan from Semitic) || ʃirtó || ʃabattó (loan from Semitic) || ʃimittó (loan from Semitic) || yiriŋɡó || aʃiró (loan from Semitic) |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:bwo|Boro (Shinasha)]] (1) || íka || ɡitá || kééza || áwəddá || utsá || ʃərə́ta || ʃawáta || ʃəmə́ta || dʒeɗija || tátsa |
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|- |
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| [[ISO 639:bwo|Boro (Shinasha)]] (2) || íkka / íkkà || ɡittá / ɡíttà || keːzá / keezá || áwddá / aẃddà || uːsá / uttsá || šerita / širrᵊtà || šawáta / šawaatà || šimíta / šəmmətà || ǰeːriyá / yeːriyá / jeedíyà || tása / tattsá |
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| [[ISO 639:moy|Shekkacho (Mocha)]] || ikka || ɡuttaa || keejjaa || awuddaa || uuččaa || širittaa || šabaattaa || šimittaa || yitʼiyaa || aširaa |
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|} |
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== Notes == |
== Notes == |
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[[Category:North Omotic languages| ]] |
[[Category:North Omotic languages| ]] |
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[[Category:Languages of Ethiopia]] |
[[Category:Languages of Ethiopia]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Language families]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
Latest revision as of 18:21, 27 November 2024
| North Omotic | |
|---|---|
| Nomotic, Ta-Ne-Omotic | |
| Geographic distribution | Ethiopia, Sudan |
| Linguistic classification | Afro-Asiatic?
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | gong1255 |
The North Omotic (Nomotic) or Ta-Ne Omotic languages, are a group of languages spoken in Ethiopia. Glottolog considers Ta-Ne-Omotic to be an independent language family, whereas older classifications may link it to the Omotic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family, though this affiliation is disputed.
Dizoid is left out in later classifications, but included in earlier ones.
A relatively comprehensive comparative word list is given in Václav Blažek (2008).[1]
Subdivisions
[edit]The four Ta-Ne Omotic (North Omotic) subdivisions given by Güldemann (2018) are:[2]
Numerals
[edit]Comparison of numerals in individual languages:[3]
| Language | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yemsa (Janjero) | ʔɪsːɔːn11 / ʔɪsa11 | ˈhɛpʰ1 / ʔɛpʰ1 | ˈkʰeːz2 | ʔa11ˈt͡ʃeːt͡ʃ3 | ˈʔʊːt͡ʃ3 | ʔɪ1ˈsiːʊn1 | ˈnaː1fʊn1 | ˈnaŋ2riːn1 | ˈʔɪz1ɡɪn1 | ʔa1sɪr1 |
| Chara | ʔissa | nanta | keːza | obda | učča | sapma | lapma | nandirsa | bíža | tansá |
| Gimira (Bench) | matʼ3 | nam4 | kaz4 | od4 | ut͡ʃ2 | sa2pm3 | na2pm3 | nʸar2tn3 | irs2tn3 | tam5 |
| Maale | pétte | lamʔó | haitsó | ʔoidó | dónɡo | láhhó | lánkayi | sálli | tásuɓa | táɓɓó |
| Dorzze | ʔissino ~ istta | nam(ʔ)á | heezá ~ heedzi | ʔoidá | ʔitʃáʃa ~ ʔitʃátʃa | ʔusúpun ~ ʔusúɸun | láppun ~ láɸun | hóspun ~ hósɸun | ʔudúfun ~ ʔudúɸun | tám(m)i |
| Gamo (1) | ʔissíno / ʔistá | namʔá | heedzdzá | ʔoiddá | ʔitʃtʃátʃa | ʔusúppuna | laáppuna | hóspuna | ʔuddúpuna | támma |
| Gamo (2) | ʔissio (ʔista) | namʔa | heedzdza | ʔojdda | ʔitʃtʃatʃtʃa | ʔuspuna | laappuna | hospuna | ʔuddupuna | tamma |
| Gofa | ʔistá | namʔʔá | heedzdzá | ʔoiddá | ʔitʃtʃáʃa | ʔusúppuna | laáppuna | hósppuna | ʔuddúfuna | támma |
| Oyda | féttó | lamʔí | ɦaiddzí | ʔoiddí | ʔíccin | ʔizíppun (1+5) | láappun (2+5) | ʔóspun (3+5) | ʔiddífun (4+5) | táɓɓó |
| Wolaitta | ʔisttá | naaʔʔá | heezzá | ʔoiddá | ʔitʃtʃáʃa | ʔusúppuna | laápuna | hósppuna | ʔuddúpuna | támma |
| Koorete | ˈbɪ́dzːɔ̀ | ˈlámʔɛ̀ | ˈháʸdzɛ̀ | ˈʔɔ́ʸdːɛ̀ | ʔɪ̀ˈtʃɪ́tʃɛ̀ | ʔɪ̀ˈzːúɸɛ̀ | ˈláːpɛ̀ | hàˈzːúpːɛ̀ | ʔɔ̀ˈdːúpːɛ̀ | ˈtʰámːɛ̀ |
| Zargulla | bizzó | námʔa | háidts | ʔoídd | ʔišíčč | ʔizíp | laáp | lakkúče | tansíne | támm |
| Basketo (1) | péttɑ́n or péttí (as modifier) | nɑ̀mʔí | hɑ̀izzí | òiddí | ìʃʃín | lèhí | tɑ̀bzɑ́ | lɑ̀mɑ́hɑ́i ~ lɑ̀mɑ́kɑ́i | sɑ̀ɑkɑ̀lí ~ sɑ̀ɑkìlí | tɑ́ɓɓɑ́ |
| Basketto (2) | pʰɜtʰːɜn | nɑmʔi | ɑjdzi | ojdi | ɪʃːɪn | lɜhi | tɑbzɑ | lɑmɑkʰɑj | sɑːkʰɑli | tɑʔɓɑ |
| Anfillo (Southern Mao) | ikkó | ɡuttó | kedzó | auddó | amittó (loan from Semitic) | ʃirtó | ʃabattó (loan from Semitic) | ʃimittó (loan from Semitic) | yiriŋɡó | aʃiró (loan from Semitic) |
| Boro (Shinasha) (1) | íka | ɡitá | kééza | áwəddá | utsá | ʃərə́ta | ʃawáta | ʃəmə́ta | dʒeɗija | tátsa |
| Boro (Shinasha) (2) | íkka / íkkà | ɡittá / ɡíttà | keːzá / keezá | áwddá / aẃddà | uːsá / uttsá | šerita / širrᵊtà | šawáta / šawaatà | šimíta / šəmmətà | ǰeːriyá / yeːriyá / jeedíyà | tása / tattsá |
| Shekkacho (Mocha) | ikka | ɡuttaa | keejjaa | awuddaa | uuččaa | širittaa | šabaattaa | šimittaa | yitʼiyaa | aširaa |
Notes
[edit]- ^ Blažek, Václav. 2008. A lexicostatistical comparison of Omotic languages. In Bengtson (ed.), 57–148.
- ^ Güldemann, Tom (2018). "Historical linguistics and genealogical language classification in Africa". In Güldemann, Tom (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of Africa. The World of Linguistics series. Vol. 11. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 58–444. doi:10.1515/9783110421668-002. ISBN 978-3-11-042606-9.
- ^ Chan, Eugene (2019). "The Afro-Asiatic Language Phylum". Numeral Systems of the World's Languages.