Jump to content

Diocese of Western China: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
 
(9 intermediate revisions by 3 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{short description|Anglican diocese of the Church in China}}
{{Infobox diocese
{{Infobox diocese
| jurisdiction = Diocese
| jurisdiction = Diocese
Line 19: Line 20:
| established = 1895
| established = 1895
| dissolved = {{circa|1958}}
| dissolved = {{circa|1958}}
| cathedral = [[St John's Cathedral, Langzhong|St John's Cathedral, Paoning]]
| cathedral = [[St John's Cathedral, Langzhong|St John's Cathedral, Paoning]] {{small|(Western China & East Szechwan)}}<br />[[St John's Church, Chengdu|St John's Cathedral, Chengtu]] {{small|(West Szechwan)}}
| language = [[English language|English]], [[Sichuanese (language)|Szechwanese]]
| language = [[English language|English]], [[Sichuanese (language)|Szechwanese]]
| parent_church = [[Church of England]]
| parent_church = [[Church of England]]
Line 28: Line 29:


== History ==
== History ==
{{Main|Anglicanism in Sichuan|l1=Anglicanism in Szechwan}}
{{Main|History of Anglicanism in Sichuan|l1=History of Anglicanism in Szechwan}}
[[File:Province of Szechwan within China.png|thumb|left|Location of Szechwan within China, map in ''W. W. Cassels: First Bishop in Western China'', by [[Marshall Broomhall]].]]
[[File:Province of Szechwan within China.png|thumb|left|Location of Szechwan within China, map in ''W. W. Cassels: First Bishop in Western China'', by [[Marshall Broomhall]].]]


Line 35: Line 36:
At the close of 1891, Rev. James Heywood Horsburgh of the [[Church Missionary Society in China|Church Missionary Society]] (CMS), along with his wife Mrs Horsburgh, Rev. O. M. Jackson, three laymen, and six single women missionaries, entered Szechwan as the first band of CMS missionaries to take up work in that province.<ref name="FLN">{{cite book |last=Norris |first=Frank L. |author-link=Frank Norris (bishop) |date=1908 |title=Handbooks of English Church Expansion: China |chapter=Chapter X. The Church in Western China |chapter-url=http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/china/flnorris1908/10.html |location=Oxford |publisher=A. R. Mowbray}}</ref> By 1894, CMS work had started in [[Mianyang|Mienchow]], [[Jiangyou|Chungpa]], [[Anzhou District|Anhsien]], [[Mianzhu|Mienchu]] and [[Xindu District|Sintu]], all of which are in the west of the region.<ref name="CMSA" /> Meanwhile the CIM workers, based in [[Langzhong|Paoning]], were also breaking ground in East Szechwan.
At the close of 1891, Rev. James Heywood Horsburgh of the [[Church Missionary Society in China|Church Missionary Society]] (CMS), along with his wife Mrs Horsburgh, Rev. O. M. Jackson, three laymen, and six single women missionaries, entered Szechwan as the first band of CMS missionaries to take up work in that province.<ref name="FLN">{{cite book |last=Norris |first=Frank L. |author-link=Frank Norris (bishop) |date=1908 |title=Handbooks of English Church Expansion: China |chapter=Chapter X. The Church in Western China |chapter-url=http://anglicanhistory.org/asia/china/flnorris1908/10.html |location=Oxford |publisher=A. R. Mowbray}}</ref> By 1894, CMS work had started in [[Mianyang|Mienchow]], [[Jiangyou|Chungpa]], [[Anzhou District|Anhsien]], [[Mianzhu|Mienchu]] and [[Xindu District|Sintu]], all of which are in the west of the region.<ref name="CMSA" /> Meanwhile the CIM workers, based in [[Langzhong|Paoning]], were also breaking ground in East Szechwan.


{{align|right|[[File:The Bulletin of the Diocese of Western China (No. 121).jpg|thumb|180px|''The Bulletin of the Diocese of Western China'' ({{Numero|121}}) published in July 1934.]]}}
[[File:The Bulletin of the Diocese of Western China (No. 121).jpg|thumb|left|170px|''The Bulletin of the Diocese of Western China'' ({{Numero|121}}) published in July 1934.]]
In 1895, steps were taken for the formation of a new diocese, due to the fact that the Church was represented by two Societies on the field. Cassels was eventually consecrated Bishop of Western China on 18 October 1895, in [[Westminster Abbey]]. As aforementioned, the CMS worked the western portion, the CIM the eastern portion. But after Cassels's consecration, the work was being more and more co-ordinated under his guidance.<ref name="FLN" />
In 1895, steps were taken for the formation of a new diocese, due to the fact that the Church was represented by two Societies on the field. Cassels was eventually consecrated Bishop of Western China on 18 October 1895, in [[Westminster Abbey]]. As aforementioned, the CMS worked the western portion, the CIM the eastern portion. But after Cassels's consecration, the work was being more and more co-ordinated under his guidance.<ref name="FLN" />


Line 46: Line 47:
== Bishops and assistant bishops ==
== Bishops and assistant bishops ==
[[File:William Wharton Cassels.png|thumb|[[William Cassels]], the first Bishop of Western China.]]
[[File:William Wharton Cassels.png|thumb|[[William Cassels]], the first Bishop of Western China.]]
[[File:Seal of Diocese of Western China, Truro.jpg|thumb|Seal of the Diocese of Western China, as seen on the memorial of John Holden at [[Truro Cathedral]].]]


=== Western China ===
=== Western China ===
Line 53: Line 55:
==== Assistant bishops ====
==== Assistant bishops ====
* 1922–1926: Howard Mowll
* 1922–1926: Howard Mowll
* 1929–1936: [[Ku Ho-lin|Ho-lin Ku]]
* 1929–1936: [[Ku Ho-lin]]
* 1929–1936: [[Cheng-tsi Song|Chʽeng-Tsi Song]]
* 1929–1936: [[Song Cheng-tsi]]


=== East Szechwan ===
=== East Szechwan ===
* 1936–1940: [[Frank Houghton]]
* 1936–1940: [[Frank Houghton]]
* 1940–1950: [[Kenneth Bevan|K G Bevan]]
* 1940–1950: [[Kenneth Bevan|K G Bevan]]
* 1950–19??: {{ill|Tsai Fuh-tsu|lt=Fuh-tsu Tsai|zh|蔡復初}}
* 1950–19??: {{ill|Tsai Fuh-tsu|zh|蔡復初}}
==== Assistant bishops ====
==== Assistant bishops ====
* 1936–1947: Ho-lin Ku
* 1936–1947: Ku Ho-lin


=== West Szechwan ===
=== West Szechwan ===
* 1936–1937: John Holden
* 1936–1937: John Holden
* 1937–1950: Chʽeng-Tsi Song
* 1937–1950: Song Cheng-tsi
==== Assistant bishops ====
==== Assistant bishops ====
* 1936–1937: Chʽeng-Tsi Song
* 1936–1937: Song Cheng-tsi
* 1943–1950: [[Harold Alexander Maxwell|H A Maxwell]]
* 1943–1950: [[Harold Alexander Maxwell|H A Maxwell]]


Line 87: Line 89:
{{Anglican missionary bishops in China}}
{{Anglican missionary bishops in China}}


[[Category:Diocese of Szechwan| ]]
[[Category:Diocese of Western China| ]]
[[Category:Religious organizations established in 1895|Szechwan]]
[[Category:Anglican dioceses established in the 19th century|Szechwan]]
[[Category:1895 establishments in China]]

Latest revision as of 22:53, 27 November 2024

Diocese of Western China
Diocese of Szechwan
(Diocese of East Szechwan;
Diocese of West Szechwan)

聖公會華西教區
聖公會四川教區
(聖公會東川教區;
聖公會西川教區)
The diocesan cathedral, circa 1914
Coat of arms of the Diocese of Western China Diocese of Szechwan (Diocese of East Szechwan; Diocese of West Szechwan)
Diocesan seal
Location
CountryQing and Republican China
TerritorySzechwan
Ecclesiastical provinceChurch in China
HeadquartersPaoning
Information
DenominationAnglican
RiteAnglican Rite
Established1895
Dissolvedc. 1958
CathedralSt John's Cathedral, Paoning (Western China & East Szechwan)
St John's Cathedral, Chengtu (West Szechwan)
LanguageEnglish, Szechwanese
Parent churchChurch of England

The Diocese of Western China (Chinese: 聖公會華西教區; Wade–Giles: Shêng Kung Hui Hua Hsi Chiao Chʽü; lit. 'Anglican Diocese of Western China'), also known as Diocese of Szechwan (Chinese: 聖公會四川教區; Wade–Giles: Shêng Kung Hui Ssu Chʽuan Chiao Chʽü; lit. 'Anglican Diocese of Szechwan') or Hua Hsi Diocese (華西教區), was an Anglican diocese in late-Qing-dynasty and Republican China, established in 1895,[1] under the supervision of the Church of England. It had belonged to the Church in China since its outset, and had been part of the Chinese Anglican Church since 1912. In 1936, it was divided into the Diocese of East Szechwan (聖公會東川教區) and Diocese of West Szechwan (聖公會西川教區).[2]

History

[edit]
Main article: History of Anglicanism in Szechwan
Location of Szechwan within China, map in W. W. Cassels: First Bishop in Western China, by Marshall Broomhall.

The Cambridge Seven, who were missionaries to China through the China Inland Mission (CIM), arrived in Shanghai in 1885. Four of them —William Cassels, Arthur T. Polhill-Turner, Cecil H. Polhill-Turner, and Montagu Proctor-Beauchamp— were sent up by the CIM into the Western Province of Szechwan, where they established a proper Church of England diocese.[3] Arthur's elder brother, Cecil, felt drawn towards the people of Tibet, went to Tatsienlu, a Khams Tibetan city located in western Szechwan, and he had laboured on the Sino and Indo-Tibetan borders since then.[4][5]

At the close of 1891, Rev. James Heywood Horsburgh of the Church Missionary Society (CMS), along with his wife Mrs Horsburgh, Rev. O. M. Jackson, three laymen, and six single women missionaries, entered Szechwan as the first band of CMS missionaries to take up work in that province.[6] By 1894, CMS work had started in Mienchow, Chungpa, Anhsien, Mienchu and Sintu, all of which are in the west of the region.[1] Meanwhile the CIM workers, based in Paoning, were also breaking ground in East Szechwan.

The Bulletin of the Diocese of Western China (No. 121) published in July 1934.

In 1895, steps were taken for the formation of a new diocese, due to the fact that the Church was represented by two Societies on the field. Cassels was eventually consecrated Bishop of Western China on 18 October 1895, in Westminster Abbey. As aforementioned, the CMS worked the western portion, the CIM the eastern portion. But after Cassels's consecration, the work was being more and more co-ordinated under his guidance.[6]

The diocesan newsletter, The Bulletin of the Diocese of Western China, was founded in 1904. It was renamed several times during its 54-year run, with the last print published in 1958.[7]

A Chinese translation of the Book of Common Prayer was published in 1932, revised and authorized for use in the Diocese of Szechwan.[8]

The Diocese was split into Dioceses of East Szechwan and West Szechwan in 1936.[2]

Bishops and assistant bishops

[edit]
William Cassels, the first Bishop of Western China.
Seal of the Diocese of Western China, as seen on the memorial of John Holden at Truro Cathedral.

Western China

[edit]

Assistant bishops

[edit]

East Szechwan

[edit]

Assistant bishops

[edit]
  • 1936–1947: Ku Ho-lin

West Szechwan

[edit]
  • 1936–1937: John Holden
  • 1937–1950: Song Cheng-tsi

Assistant bishops

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Keen, Rosemary. "Church Missionary Society Archive—Section I: East Asia Missions: Western China". ampltd.co.uk. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  2. ^ a b Wickeri, Philip L., ed. (2015). Christian Encounters with Chinese Culture: Essays on Anglican and Episcopal History in China (PDF). Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. p. 211. ISBN 9789888208388. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2021-09-18. Retrieved 2021-05-30.
  3. ^ Austin, Alvyn (1996). "Missions Dream Team". Christian History. Worcester, PA: Christian History Institute. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  4. ^ Usher, John M. (ed.). "About Cecil Polhill". pconline.org.uk. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  5. ^ "Papers of Cecil and Arthur Polhill". archiveshub.jisc.ac.uk. Retrieved 30 May 2021.
  6. ^ a b Norris, Frank L. (1908). "Chapter X. The Church in Western China". Handbooks of English Church Expansion: China. Oxford: A. R. Mowbray.
  7. ^ Tiedemann, R. G. (1 July 2016). Reference Guide to Christian Missionary Societies in China: From the Sixteenth to the Twentieth Century. Milton Park: Routledge. ISBN 9781315497310.
  8. ^ Cranmer, Thomas, ed. (1932). 公禱書 [Book of Common Prayer] (PDF) (in Traditional Chinese). Paoning: Diocese of Szechwan.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Diocese_of_Western_China&oldid=1259942520"