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{{short description|1943 film by Norman Krasna}}
{{Infobox film
{{Infobox film
| name = Princess O'Rourke
| name = Princess O'Rourke
| image = Princesso'rourkeposter.jpg
| image = Princesso'rourkeposter.jpg
| image_size =
| caption = [[Film poster|Theatrical release poster]]
| caption = [[Film poster|Theatrical release poster]]
| director = [[Norman Krasna]]
| director = [[Norman Krasna]]
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| country = United States
| country = United States
| language = English
| language = English
| budget =$651,000<ref name="warners">Warner Bros financial information in The William Shaefer Ledger. See Appendix 1, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, (1995) 15:sup1, 1-31 p 24 DOI: 10.1080/01439689508604551</ref>
| budget =$651,000<ref name="warners">Warner Bros financial information in The William Schaefer Ledger. See Appendix 1, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, (1995) 15:sup1, 1-31 p 24 DOI: 10.1080/01439689508604551</ref>
| gross = $3,099,000<ref name="warners"/>
| gross = $3,099,000<ref name="warners"/>
}}
}}
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A [[United States Secret Service|Secret Service]] agent assigned to protect Maria tells her uncle of the relationship. Holman is not opposed to Maria marrying a commoner, and is pleased to learn that Eddie is one of nine brothers and his father one of 11. Holman also knows that his niece marrying an American would strengthen his country's vital relationship with the United States. To Maria's surprise and joy, he permits the marriage, and Eddie is stunned to learn that his poor European refugee is actually royalty.
A [[United States Secret Service|Secret Service]] agent assigned to protect Maria tells her uncle of the relationship. Holman is not opposed to Maria marrying a commoner, and is pleased to learn that Eddie is one of nine brothers and his father one of 11. Holman also knows that his niece marrying an American would strengthen his country's vital relationship with the United States. To Maria's surprise and joy, he permits the marriage, and Eddie is stunned to learn that his poor European refugee is actually royalty.


President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] invites Maria and Eddie to stay at the White House. Given a crash course in royal protocol by a representative of the [[United States Department of State|State Department]], Eddie becomes increasingly uncomfortable with the conditions attached to the role of [[prince consort]] and being financially supported by his wife, with no career other than fathering an heir. While discussing the [[prenuptial agreement]], he finally rebels when he is informed he must surrender his American citizenship. After making an impassioned speech about how lucky he is to be an American, Eddie asks "Mary" to choose between him and her family. Maria obeys her uncle and leaves the room; a disappointed Eddie calls her a "slave". Holman locks her in the [[Lincoln Bedroom]].
President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] invites Maria and Eddie to stay at the [[White House]]. Given a crash course in royal protocol by a representative of the [[United States Department of State|State Department]], Eddie becomes increasingly uncomfortable with the conditions attached to the role of [[prince consort]] and being financially supported by his wife, with no career other than fathering an heir. While discussing the [[prenuptial agreement]], he finally rebels when he is informed he must surrender his American citizenship. After making an impassioned speech about how lucky he is to be an American, Eddie asks "Mary" to choose between him and her family. Maria obeys her uncle and leaves the room; a disappointed Eddie calls her a "slave". Holman locks her in the [[Lincoln Bedroom]].


After much crying, Maria writes a note and slips it under the door for Roosevelt's dog, [[Fala (dog)|Fala]], to deliver to his master. In the middle of the night, the President summons a [[United States Supreme Court|Supreme Court]] judge to marry Eddie and Maria. Afterward, the newlyweds sneak out of the White House. On the way out, Eddie bumps into a man standing behind the door; he mistakes the man for a guard. Outside, Maria tells him that the "guard" was actually the President. Astonished, Eddie exclaims, “I tipped him a buck! And he took it!”{{#tag:ref|Although mostly obscured behind a door in his sole appearance onscreen, Roosevelt is depicted standing up rather than in his [[wheelchair]]. [[Franklin D. Roosevelt's paralytic illness#Public awareness of FDR's disability|His disability was usually hidden from the public]] during his lifetime.|group=Note}}
After much crying, Maria writes a note and slips it under the door for Roosevelt's dog, [[Fala (dog)|Fala]], to deliver to his master. In the middle of the night, the President summons a [[United States Supreme Court|Supreme Court]] judge to marry Eddie and Maria. Afterward, the newlyweds sneak out of the White House. On the way out, Eddie bumps into a man standing behind the door; he mistakes the man for a guard. Outside, Maria tells him that the "guard" was actually the President. Astonished, Eddie exclaims, “I tipped him a buck! And he took it!”{{#tag:ref|Although mostly obscured behind a door in his sole appearance onscreen, Roosevelt is depicted standing up rather than in his [[wheelchair]]. [[Franklin D. Roosevelt's paralytic illness#Public awareness of FDR's disability|His disability was usually hidden from the public]] during his lifetime.|group=Note}}
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* [[Julie Bishop (actress)|Julie Bishop]] as Stewardess
* [[Julie Bishop (actress)|Julie Bishop]] as Stewardess
* [[Ray Walker (actor)|Ray Walker]] as "G-Man" (Secret Service)
* [[Ray Walker (actor)|Ray Walker]] as "G-Man" (Secret Service)
* [[Fala (dog)|Fala]] as himself
* Whiskers as [[Fala (dog)|Fala]]
}}
}}


==Production==
==Production==
===Development===
===Development===
In the early 1940s Norman Krasna had established himself as a leading screenwriter. He wanted to move into directing and in February 1942 signed a contract with Warner Bros to write and direct. His first assignment was to be ''Princess O'Rourke''.<ref>SCREEN NEWS HERE AND IN HOLLYWOOD: New York Times 5 Feb 1942: 25.</ref>
In the early 1940s Norman Krasna had established himself as a leading screenwriter. He wanted to move into directing and in February 1942 signed a contract with Warner Bros to write and direct. His first assignment was to be ''Princess O'Rourke''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Screen News Here And In Hollywood |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=5 February 1942}} 25.</ref>


===Casting===
===Casting===
In April 1942 Warner Bros announced [[Loretta Young]] would play the lead.<ref>Ilona Massey, Jon Hall Get Lead Roles in 'The Invisible Spy' at Universal New York Times 14 Apr 1942: 17.</ref> In May Warner Bros arranged to borrow [[Fred MacMurray]] from Paramount to play the male lead in exchange for Ann Sheridan who Paramount wanted to play [[Texas Guinan]].<ref>Looking at Hollywood
In April 1942 Warner Bros announced [[Loretta Young]] would play the lead.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ilona Massey, Jon Hall Get Lead Roles in 'The Invisible Spy' at Universal |newspaper=The New York Times |date=14 April 1942}} 17.</ref> In May Warner Bros arranged to borrow [[Fred MacMurray]] from Paramount to play the male lead in exchange for Ann Sheridan who Paramount wanted to play [[Texas Guinan]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Looking at Hollywood |last=Chapman |first=John |newspaper=[[Chicago Tribune|Chicago Daily Tribune]] |date=23 May 1942}} 16.</ref> Also that month [[Hal Wallis]] announced he would produce.<ref>{{cite news |title=Screen News Here And In Hollywood |newspaper=The New York Times |date=2 May 1942}} 10.</ref>
Chapman, John. Chicago Daily Tribune 23 May 1942: 16.</ref> Also that month [[Hal Wallis]] announced he would produce.<ref>SCREEN NEWS HERE AND IN HOLLYWOOD New York Times 2 May 1942: 10.</ref>


By June, however, the arrangement to exchange MacMurray for Sheridan was cancelled. (The Texas Guinan movie went on to be made with [[Betty Hutton]] and MacMurray would not finish ''[[No Time for Love (1943 film)|No Time for Love]]'' in time.) The male lead went to [[Robert Cummings]] who was borrowed from Universal, and who had worked for Warners on ''Kings Row''. The female lead went to [[Olivia de Havilland]].<ref>SCREEN NEWS HERE AND IN HOLLYWOOD New York Times 06 June 1942: 9</ref><ref>DRAMA: Olivia, Bob Cummings 'Princess O'Rourke' Los Angeles Times 5 June 1942: 17.</ref> Charles Coburn joined the cast in late June.<ref>Of Local Origin
By June, however, the arrangement to exchange MacMurray for Sheridan was cancelled. (The Texas Guinan movie went on to be made with [[Betty Hutton]], and MacMurray would not finish ''[[No Time for Love (1943 film)|No Time for Love]]'' in time.) The male lead went to Cummings, who was borrowed from Universal and who had worked for Warners on ''Kings Row''. The female lead went to de Havilland.<ref>{{cite news |title=Screen News Here And In Hollywood |newspaper=The New York Times |date=6 June 1942}} 9.</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Drama: Olivia, Bob Cummings 'Princess O'Rourke' |newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]] |date=5 June 1942}} 17.</ref> Charles Coburn joined the cast in late June.<ref>{{cite news |title=Of Local Origin |newspaper=The New York Times |date=25 June 1942}} 26.</ref>
New York Times 25 June 1942: 26.</ref>


De Havilland initially refused to take the part and subsequently was suspended by [[Warner Bros. Pictures|Warner Bros.]]<ref>Freedland 1983, p. 172.</ref>{{#tag:ref|The casting of de Havilland was due to producer [[Hal B. Wallis]] wanting to showcase his "protege".<ref>Wallis and Higham 1990, p. 86.</ref>|group=Note}}
De Havilland initially refused the part and subsequently was suspended by Warner Bros.<ref>Freedland 1983, p. 172.</ref>{{#tag:ref|The casting of de Havilland was due to producer [[Hal B. Wallis]] wanting to showcase his "protege".<ref>Wallis and Higham 1990, p. 86.</ref>|group=Note}}


Feeling that being cast in a lightweight role was limiting her future in Hollywood features, de Havilland also began to have medical problems that compounded her anxiety. During her suspension, [[Alexis Smith]] was tested as a replacement for the role of Princess Maria. [[Claude Rains]] campaigned to be in the film, but the casting of Charles Coburn solidified the main cast choices.<ref name="Notes">[http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/87158/Princess-O-Rourke/notes.html "Notes: Princess O'Rourke (1943)."] ''Turner Classic Movies.'' Retrieved: August 24, 2013.</ref>
Feeling that being cast in a lightweight role would limit her future in Hollywood features, de Havilland also began to have medical problems that compounded her anxiety. During her suspension, [[Alexis Smith]] was tested as a replacement. [[Claude Rains]] campaigned to be in the film, but the casting of Charles Coburn solidified the main cast choices.<ref name="Notes">{{cite web |url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/87158/Princess-O-Rourke/notes.html |title=Notes: Princess O'Rourke (1943). |publisher=[[Turner Classic Movies]] |accessdate=24 August 2013}}</ref>


===Shooting===
===Shooting===
⚫
Filming started on 9 July 1942.<ref>{{cite news |title=Of Local Origin |newspaper=The New York Times |date=8 July 1942}} 27.</ref> It ended in September 1942.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/govuscourtsca9briefs2422/page/n962?q=cummings+universal+%22run+him+ragged%22|page=569|website=Internet archive|title=United States Court of Appeals For the Ninth Circuit Cummings v Universal - 1944}}</ref>
Filming started 9 July 1942.<ref>Of Local Origin
⚫
New York Times 8 July 1942: 27.</ref> It ended September 1942.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/govuscourtsca9briefs2422/page/n962?q=cummings+universal+%22run+him+ragged%22|page=569|website=Internet archive|title=United States Court of Appeals For the Ninth Circuit Cummings v Universal - 1944}}</ref>


According to [[Ben Mankiewicz]]’s introduction to the Nov. 24, 2019, airing of the picture on [[Turner Classic Movies|TCM]], the production was given limited access to film at the [[White House]], courtesy of [[Franklin D. Roosevelt|President Roosevelt]]. In addition, FDR’s beloved [[Scottish Terrier|Scottie]] dog [[Fala (dog)|Fala]]—already a well-known film personality in his own right—played himself, because, Mankiewicz says, “No dog body-doubles for Fala.” Even so, Whiskers is also credited in some places (including the current cast list on [[Turner Classic Movies|TCM.com]]), presumably for scenes filmed outside the actual White House.
According to [[Ben Mankiewicz]]’s introduction to the 24 November 2019 airing of the picture on [[Turner Classic Movies|TCM]], the production was given limited access to film at the White House, courtesy of President Roosevelt. In addition, FDR's beloved [[Scottish Terrier|Scottie]] dog Fala—already a well-known film personality in his own right—played himself, because, as Mankiewicz said, "No dog [[Double (occupation)#Body double|body-doubles]] for Fala." Even so, Whiskers is also credited in some places (including the current cast list on TCM.com).


The airport scenes were shot at [[Bob Hope Airport|Burbank Airport]].{{#tag:ref|Besides the DST, a [[Douglas DC-3]] in [[Eastern Air Lines]] livery is featured in a later scene. The stock footage of the airliner taking off silhouetted against the sky, however, is of a [[Boeing 247]].|group=Note}}
The airport scenes were shot at [[Bob Hope Airport|Burbank Airport]].{{#tag:ref|Besides the DST, a [[Douglas DC-3]] in [[Eastern Air Lines]] livery is featured in a later scene. The stock footage of the airliner taking off silhouetted against the sky, however, is of a [[Boeing 247]].|group=Note}}<ref name= "Original Print Info">{{cite web |url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/87158/Princess-O-Rourke/original-print-info.html |title=Original Print Information: Princess O'Rourke (1943). |publisher=Turner Classic Movies |accessdate=26 August 2013}}</ref>
<ref name= "Original Print Info">[http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/87158/Princess-O-Rourke/original-print-info.html "Original Print Information: Princess O'Rourke (1943)."] ''Turner Classic Movies.'' Retrieved: August 26, 2013.</ref>


Cummings often was unavailable, as he was simultaneously at work on ''[[Between Us Girls]]'' at [[Universal Studios]], forcing de Havilland to deliver lines to a stand-in. Aged actor Coburn also frequently forgot his lines, leading to many retakes which sapped her energy further.<ref>Higham p 136</ref>
Cummings often was unavailable, as he was simultaneously working on ''[[Between Us Girls]]'' at [[Universal Pictures|Universal Studios]], forcing de Havilland to at times deliver lines to a stand-in. Aged actor Coburn also frequently forgot his lines, leading to many retakes which sapped her energy further.<ref>Higham, p. 136</ref>


Cummings also fell ill with [[Foodborne illness|ptomaine]] poisoning during the shoot and missed several days.<ref>DRAMA: Hepburn Stage Play Commands High Price
Cummings also fell ill with [[Foodborne illness|ptomaine]] poisoning during the shoot and missed several days.<ref>{{cite news |title=Drama: Hepburn Stage Play Commands High Price |last=Schallert |first=Edwin |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=17 August 1942}} 22.</ref>
Schallert, Edwin. Los Angeles Times ]17 Aug 1942: 22.</ref>


De Havilland fought openly with Warner Bros.<ref>Sperling et al. 1998, pp. 194–195.</ref> Tired and suffering from low blood pressure, the formerly steady and hard-working actress began reporting late for work, leaving the set abruptly and going home when her frustrations became too much. This was very atypical behavior from the actor.<ref>Higham p 136-137</ref>
De Havilland fought openly with Warner Bros.<ref>Sperling et al. 1998, pp. 194–195.</ref> Tired and suffering from low blood pressure, the formerly steady and hard-working actress began reporting late for work, leaving the set abruptly and going home when her frustrations became too much. This was very atypical behavior from the actor.<ref>Higham, pp. 136-137</ref> She would eventually file a lawsuit against the studio in a landmark case that resulted in passage of legislation known as the [[de Havilland Law]] (California Labor Code Section 2855), that set a seven-calendar-year limit on [[studio system|studio-player contracts]].<ref>Maltin 1994, p. 214.</ref>


⚫
The film was completed ten days behind schedule on 9 September. Due to the legal issues, it was eventually released a year after the production wrapped. ''Princess O'Rourke'' became the penultimate film that de Havilland completed while on contract to Warner Bros.<ref name="Articles">{{cite web |last=Fristoe |first=Roger |url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/87158/Princess-O-Rourke/articles.html |title=Articles: Princess O'Rourke (1943) |publisher=Turner Classic Movies |accessdate=27 January 2013}}</ref>{{#tag:ref|Following the protracted legal tussles, Jack Warner "assigned" de Havilland to RKO to star in ''[[Government Girl]]'' (1943), another project that she detested.<ref name="DeWelles"/>|group=Note}}{{#tag:ref|''[[Devotion (1946 film)|Devotion]]'' (1946), completed in 1943 and released in 1946, was de Havilland's last Warner Bros. film.<ref name="thomas-35">Thomas 1983, p. 35.</ref>|group=Note}}
She would eventually file a lawsuit against the studio in a landmark case that resulted in passage of legislation known as the [[de Havilland Law]] (California Labor Code Section 2855), that set a seven-calendar-year limit on [[studio system|studio-player contracts]].<ref>Maltin 1994, p. 214.</ref>


⚫
De Havilland and Cummings both sued their studios over their long-term contracts.<ref>{{cite news |title=Town Called Hollywood Two More Warner Bros. Stars Go Out a-Feudin' |last=Scheuer |first=Philip K. |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=7 November 1943}} E1.</ref>
⚫
The film was completed ten days behind schedule on September 9, and due to the legal issues, was eventually released a year after the production wrapped. ''Princess O'Rourke'' became the penultimate film that de Havilland completed while on contract to Warner Bros.<ref name="Articles">Fristoe, Roger. [http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/87158/Princess-O-Rourke/articles.html "Articles: Princess O'Rourke (1943)."] ''Turner Classic Movies.'' Retrieved: January 27, 2013.</ref>{{#tag:ref|Following the protracted legal tussles, Jack Warner "assigned" de Havilland to RKO to star in ''[[Government Girl]]'' (1943), another project that she detested.<ref name="DeWelles"/>|group=Note}}{{#tag:ref|''[[Devotion (1946 film)|Devotion]]'' (1946), completed in 1943 and released in 1946, was de Havilland's last Warner Bros. film.<ref name="thomas-35">Thomas 1983, p. 35.</ref>|group=Note}}

⚫
De Havilland and Cummings both sued their studios over their long term contracts.<ref>TOWN CALLED HOLLYWOOD Two More Warner Bros. Stars Go Out a-Feudin'
Scheuer, Philip K. Los Angeles Times 7 Nov 1943: E1.</ref>


===Music===
===Music===
The composer [[Arthur Schwartz]] and lyricists [[Yip Harburg|Edward "Yip" Harburg]] and [[Ira Gershwin]] who had earlier written the featured song, "Honorable Moon" (1941), donated the money they received from Warner Bros. to the United China Relief organization.<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,765818,00.html "Music: Honorable Moon."] ''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'', July 21, 1941.</ref> [[Nan Wynn]] sings the song during a Chinese restaurant scene.<ref name="Notes"/>
The composer [[Arthur Schwartz]] and lyricists [[Yip Harburg|Edward "Yip" Harburg]] and [[Ira Gershwin]], who had earlier written the featured song, "Honorable Moon" (1941), donated the money they received from Warner Bros. to the United China Relief organization.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,765818,00.html |title=Music: Honorable Moon. |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |date=21 July 1941|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100624100636/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,765818,00.html |archive-date=2010-06-24 }}</ref> [[Nan Wynn]] sings the song during a Chinese restaurant scene.<ref name="Notes"/>


===Censorship ===
===Censorship ===
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==Reception==
==Reception==
===Critical===
===Critical===
Although largely forgotten today, ''Princess O'Rourke'' was a success at the time.<ref name="DeWelles">DeWelles, Orson. [http://www.classicfilmfreak.com/2012/10/04/princess-orourke-1943/ "Princess O’Rourke (1943)."] ''Classic Film Freak,'' October 4, 2012. Retrieved: January 27, 2013.</ref> It received generally favorable contemporary reviews.
Although largely forgotten today, ''Princess O'Rourke'' was a success at the time.<ref name="DeWelles">{{cite web |last=DeWelles |first=Orson |url=http://www.classicfilmfreak.com/2012/10/04/princess-orourke-1943/ |title=Princess O'Rourke (1943) |website=classicfilmfreak.com |date=4 October 2012 |accessdate=27 January 2013}}</ref> It received generally favorable contemporary reviews.


The famously rigorous [[Bosley Crowther]] of ''[[The New York Times]],'' was captivated by the film,<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1943/11/06/archives/princessorourke-100-percent-american-comedy-with-olivia-dehavilland.html|title=' PrincessO'Rourke,' 100 PerCent American Comedy, With Olivia deHavilland, Robt. Cummings, Chas. Coburn at the Strand|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|date=1943-11-06|work=The New York Times|access-date=2019-11-25|language=en-US|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> by a story that he thought could only be possible in America, and that "... it happens with such spirit and humor that you'll be bound to concede it might be."<ref>Crowther, Bosley. [https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=990CE1DF1538E33BBC4E53DFB7678388659EDE "Princess O Rourke (1943); 100 PerCent American Comedy, With Olivia de Havilland, Robt. Cummings, Chas. Coburn at the Strand."] ''The New York Times'', November 6, 1943.</ref>
The famously rigorous [[Bosley Crowther]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' was captivated by the film,<ref name=Crowther>{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1943/11/06/archives/princessorourke-100-percent-american-comedy-with-olivia-dehavilland.html|title=' Princess O'Rourke,' 100 PerCent American Comedy, With Olivia deHavilland, Robt. Cummings, Chas. Coburn at the Strand |last=Crowther |first=Bosley |date=6 November 1943 |newspaper=The New York Times |access-date=25 November 2019|language=en-US}}</ref> by a story that he thought could only be possible in America, and that "... it happens with such spirit and humor that you'll be bound to concede it might be."<ref name=Crowther/>


The review in ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' was even more effusive:
⚫
The review in ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' was even more effusive. "Princess O'Rourke is a spritely, effervescing and laugh-explosive comedy-romance. Credit for general sparkle and excellence of the picture must be tossed to Norman Krasna, who handled the writing and directing responsibilities. It's Krasna's initial directing assignment."<ref>[https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117794150/?categoryid=31&cs=1 "Princess O'Rourke."]''Variety'', December 31, 1942.</ref> The film marked a turning point in Jane Wyman's career, as she displayed her comedic talents, sparring capably with her foil, Jack Carson.<ref>Morella and Epstein 1985, p. 61.</ref>{{#tag:ref|Despite the turmoil on the set, in later years, de Havilland considered the role of Princess Maria, one of the few truly satisfying characters she played for Warner Bros.<ref name="thomas-34">Thomas 1983, p. 34.</ref>|group=Note}}
<blockquote>
Princess O'Rourke is a spritely, effervescing and laugh-explosive comedy-romance. Credit for general sparkle and excellence of the picture must be tossed to Norman Krasna, who handled the writing and directing responsibilities. It's Krasna's initial directing assignment.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117794150/?categoryid=31&cs=1 |title=Princess O'Rourke. |magazine=Variety |date=31 December 1942}}</ref>
</blockquote>


⚫
The film marked a turning point in Jane Wyman's career, as she was given the opportunity to display her comedic talents, sparring capably with her foil, Jack Carson.<ref>Morella and Epstein 1985, p. 61.</ref>{{#tag:ref|Despite the turmoil on the set, in later years, de Havilland considered the role of Princess Maria one of the few truly satisfying characters she played for Warner Bros.<ref name="thomas-34">Thomas 1983, p. 34.</ref>|group=Note}}
⚫
More recent reviews, however, have been far more critical, with [[Leonard Maltin]], noting In a one-paragraph review on [[Turner Classic Movies|TCM.com]], "[The] very dated comedy starts charmingly with pilot Cummings falling in love with Princess de Havilland, bogs down in no longer timely situations, unbearably coy finale involving (supposedly) F.D.R. himself."<ref>Maltin, Leonard. [http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/87158/Princess-O-Rourke/ "Leonard Maltin Movie Review: Princess O'Rourke."] ''Turner Classic Movies: Leonard Maltin Ratings & Reviews''. Retrieved: January 27, 2013.</ref>

⚫
More recent reviews, however, have been far more critical, with [[Leonard Maltin]], noting in a one-paragraph review on [[Turner Classic Movies|TCM.com]], "[The] very dated comedy starts charmingly with pilot Cummings falling in love with Princess de Havilland, bogs down in no longer timely situations, unbearably coy finale involving (supposedly) F.D.R. himself."<ref>{{cite web |last=Maltin |first=Leonard |url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/87158/Princess-O-Rourke |title=Leonard Maltin Movie Review: Princess O'Rourke. |publisher=Turner Classic Movies |accessdate=27 January 2013}}</ref>


Film historian Thomas G. Aylesworth stated, "[the] supporting cast of real professionals probably saved the movie."<ref>Aylesworth 1986, p. 80.</ref>
Film historian Thomas G. Aylesworth stated, "[the] supporting cast of real professionals probably saved the movie."<ref>Aylesworth 1986, p. 80.</ref>
Line 121: Line 119:
Film historians such as Roger Fristoe, retired film critic for the ''[[The Courier-Journal|Courier-Journal]]'' in Louisville, Kentucky, have noted similarities to the later, more highly regarded romantic comedy ''[[Roman Holiday]]'' (1953), directed and produced by [[William Wyler]], starring [[Gregory Peck]] as a reporter and [[Audrey Hepburn]] as a royal princess out to see Rome on her own.<ref name="Articles" /> Biographer Daniel Bubbeo characterized ''Princess O'Rourke'' as a "fluffier" antecedent of ''Roman Holiday''.<ref>Bubbeo 2001, p. 63.</ref>
Film historians such as Roger Fristoe, retired film critic for the ''[[The Courier-Journal|Courier-Journal]]'' in Louisville, Kentucky, have noted similarities to the later, more highly regarded romantic comedy ''[[Roman Holiday]]'' (1953), directed and produced by [[William Wyler]], starring [[Gregory Peck]] as a reporter and [[Audrey Hepburn]] as a royal princess out to see Rome on her own.<ref name="Articles" /> Biographer Daniel Bubbeo characterized ''Princess O'Rourke'' as a "fluffier" antecedent of ''Roman Holiday''.<ref>Bubbeo 2001, p. 63.</ref>


===Box Office===
===Box office===
According to ''Variety'' the film earned $2.3 million in rentals in North America in 1943.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/variety153-1944-01#page/n51/mode/2up|title=Top Grossers of the Season|magazine=Variety|date=5 January 1944|page=54}}</ref>
According to ''Variety'', the film earned $2.3 million in rentals in North America in 1943.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://archive.org/stream/variety153-1944-01#page/n51/mode/2up|title=Top Grossers of the Season|magazine=Variety|date=5 January 1944|page=54}}</ref>


According to Warner Bros records the film earned $2,257,000 domestically and $842,000 foreign.<ref name="warners"/>
According to Warner Bros. records, the film earned $2,257,000 domestically and $842,000 foreign.<ref name="warners"/>


===Legacy===
===Legacy===
Norman Krasna later said "everybody thought Olivia de Havilland was a great comedienne in ''Princess O'Rourke''; it's not true. She was just darling, an ingenue. And everybody else is in on the joke - Jane Wyman, Bob Cummings, Charles Coburn; they were great comedians all around. So it comes out as a comedy and they go and put her in ''[[Government Girl]]'' for [[Dudley Nichols]] and she falls on her ass. Don't let her be the comedy!"<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sWewbX79ISsC&pg=PA216&lpg=PA216&dq=%22norman+krasna%22+backstory&source=bl&ots=qqji_r5ixP&sig=ACfU3U22sTSBVnDHtrU3i40XReFJvn-ZyA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjvqtOz6f7kAhVY7J4KHceXCbkQ6AEwCnoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=%22norman%20krasna%22%20backstory&f=false|page=223|title=Backstory: Interviews with Screenwriters of Hollywood's Golden Age|first=Patrick|last= McGilligan|publisher=University of California Press|year= 1986}}</ref>
Norman Krasna later said "everybody thought de Havilland was a great comedienne in ''Princess O'Rourke''; it's not true. She was just darling, an ingenue. And everybody else is in on the joke - Jane Wyman, Bob Cummings, Charles Coburn; they were great comedians all around. So it comes out as a comedy and they go and put her in ''[[Government Girl]]'' for [[Dudley Nichols]] and she falls on her ass. Don't let her be the comedy!"<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sWewbX79ISsC&dq=%22norman+krasna%22+backstory&pg=PA216|page=223|title=Backstory: Interviews with Screenwriters of Hollywood's Golden Age|first=Patrick|last= McGilligan|publisher=University of California Press|year= 1986|isbn=9780520056893 }}</ref>

⚫
Wyman's performance was admired by [[Billy Wilder]] and [[Charles Brackett]] and led to her being cast in ''[[The Lost Weekend (film)|The Lost Weekend]]''.<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/janewymanbiograp00more/page/97 97]|title=Jane Wyman : a biography|url=https://archive.org/details/janewymanbiograp00more|url-access=registration|last1=Morella|first1= Joe|last2= Epstein|first2= Edward Z|year=1986 |publisher=G.K. Hall|isbn=9780816140657 }}</ref> De Havilland regarded the film as trivial, but she later worked with Krasna again in ''[[The Ambassador's Daughter (1956 film)|The Ambassador's Daughter]]'' (1956).<ref>Higham, p. 144</ref>


⚫
Despite the film's success, Krasna only directed two more films. "I'm not a good director, not at all," he said later. "I know how to direct what I write; but then I write knowing that I'm able to direct it."<ref>McGilligan, p. 227</ref> Krasna said the film was among his favorites of his own [written] works, the others being ''[[The Devil and Miss Jones]]'', ''[[Mr. & Mrs. Smith (1941 film)|Mr and Mrs Smith]]'', ''[[Bachelor Mother]]'' and ''[[My Geisha]]''.<ref>McGilligan, p. 232</ref>
⚫
Jane Wyman's performance was admired by [[Billy Wilder]] and [[Charles Brackett]] and led to her being cast in ''[[The Lost Weekend (film)|The Lost Weekend]]''.<ref>{{cite book|page=[https://archive.org/details/janewymanbiograp00more/page/97 97]|title=Jane Wyman : a biography|url=https://archive.org/details/janewymanbiograp00more|url-access=registration|last1=Morella|first1= Joe|last2= Epstein|first2= Edward Z|year=1986 |publisher=G.K. Hall}}</ref> De Havilland regarded the film as trivial but she later worked with Krasna again in ''[[The Ambassador's Daughter]]'' (1956).<ref>Higham p 144</ref>


''Filmink'' wrote the movie "features the quintessential “Robert Cummings part” – he plays a flyer, an amiable guy, up against a big female star in a romantic comedy, with strong support players around him. It was the last time Cummings made a movie with Krasna, which was a great shame as the actor was perfect for the latter’s work – many subsequent films from Krasna would cry out for a romantic male lead with the Cummings touch."<ref name="film">{{cite magazine|magazine=Filmink|url=https://www.filmink.com.au/movie-star-cold-streaks-robert-cummings/|first=Stephen|last=Vagg|title=Movie Star Cold Streaks: Robert Cummings|date=29 October 2024|access-date=29 October 2024}}</ref>
⚫
Despite the film's success, Krasna only directed two more films. "I'm not a good director, not at all," he said later. "I know how to direct what I write; but then I write knowing that I'm able to direct it."<ref>McGilligan p 227</ref> Krasna said the film was among his favorite of his works, the others being ''[[The Devil and Miss Jones]]'', ''[[Mr. & Mrs. Smith (1941 film)|Mr and Mrs Smith]]'', ''[[Bachelor Mother]]'' and ''[[My Geisha]]''.<ref>McGilligan p 232</ref>


===Lawsuit===
===Lawsuit===
In 1944 [[Helen Grace Carlisle]] sued the filmmakers alleging plagiarism.<ref>CHARGES FILM PLAGIARISM New York Times 15 Apr 1944: 13.</ref>
In 1944, Helen Grace Carlisle sued the filmmakers, alleging [[plagiarism]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Charges Film Plagiarism |newspaper=The New York Times |date=15 April 1944}} 13.</ref>


==Awards==
==Awards==
Norman Krasna won the 1944 [[Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay)]] for ''Princess O'Rourke''.<ref>Paul Lukas and Jennifer Jones Academy Winners: Casablanca Voted Best 1943 Film Annual 'Oscar' Event Thrills All Hollywood
Krasna won the 1944 [[Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay|Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay)]] for ''Princess O'Rourke''.<ref>{{cite news |title=Paul Lukas and Jennifer Jones Academy Winners: Casablanca Voted Best 1943 Film Annual 'Oscar' Event Thrills All Hollywood |last=Schallert |first=Edwin |newspaper=Los Angeles Times |date=3 March 1944}} A1.</ref>
Schallert, Edwin. Los Angeles Times 3 Mar 1944: A1.</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 152: Line 151:
* Freedland, Michael. ''The Warner Brothers.'' Edinburgh: Chambers, 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-24553-827-8}}.
* Freedland, Michael. ''The Warner Brothers.'' Edinburgh: Chambers, 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-24553-827-8}}.
* Harrison, P. S. ''[[Harrison's Reports and Film Reviews]], 1919-1962.'' Hollywood, California: Hollywood Film Archive, 1997. {{ISBN|978-0-91361-610-9}}.
* Harrison, P. S. ''[[Harrison's Reports and Film Reviews]], 1919-1962.'' Hollywood, California: Hollywood Film Archive, 1997. {{ISBN|978-0-91361-610-9}}.
*{{cite book|title=Sisters : the story of Olivia de Havilland and Joan Fontaine|url=https://archive.org/details/sistersstoryofol00high|url-access=registration|last=Higham|first=, Charles|date=1984|publisher=Coward-McCann }}
*{{cite book|title=Sisters : the story of Olivia de Havilland and Joan Fontaine|url=https://archive.org/details/sistersstoryofol00high|url-access=registration|last=Higham|first=Charles|date=1984|publisher=Coward-McCann |isbn=9780698112681 }}
* Koppes, Clayton R. and Gregory D. Black. ''Hollywood Goes to War: How Politics, Profits and Propaganda Shaped World War II Movies.'' New York: The Free Press, 1987. {{ISBN|0-02-903550-3}}.
* Koppes, Clayton R. and Gregory D. Black. ''Hollywood Goes to War: How Politics, Profits and Propaganda Shaped World War II Movies.'' New York: The Free Press, 1987. {{ISBN|0-02-903550-3}}.
* Maltin, Leonard. ''Leonard Maltin's Movie Encyclopedia''. New York: Dutton, 1994. {{ISBN|0-525-93635-1}}.
* Maltin, Leonard. ''Leonard Maltin's Movie Encyclopedia''. New York: Dutton, 1994. {{ISBN|0-525-93635-1}}.
Line 171: Line 170:


[[Category:1943 films]]
[[Category:1943 films]]
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[[Category:1940s English-language films]]
[[Category:1943 romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:1943 romantic comedy films]]
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[[Category:American films]]
[[Category:American romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:American romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:American aviation films]]
[[Category:American aviation films]]
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[[Category:Films whose writer won the Best Original Screenplay Academy Award]]
[[Category:Films whose writer won the Best Original Screenplay Academy Award]]
[[Category:Warner Bros. films]]
[[Category:Warner Bros. films]]
[[Category:1943 comedy films]]
[[Category:1940s American films]]
[[Category:English-language romantic comedy films]]

Latest revision as of 01:21, 28 November 2024

Princess O'Rourke
Theatrical release poster
Directed byNorman Krasna
Written byNorman Krasna
Produced byHal B. Wallis
Starring
CinematographyErnest Haller
Edited byWarren Low
Music byFriedrich Hollaender
Production
company
Warner Bros. Pictures
Distributed byWarner Bros. Pictures
Release date
  • October 23, 1943 (1943-10-23)
Running time
93 or 94 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguageEnglish
Budget$651,000[1]
Box office$3,099,000[1]
Olivia de Havilland, Julie Bishop, Robert Cummings, and Jack Carson

Princess O'Rourke is a 1943 American romantic comedy film[2][3] directed and written by Norman Krasna (in Krasna's directorial debut), and starring Olivia de Havilland, Robert Cummings and Charles Coburn. Krasna won the 1944 Oscar for Best Original Screenplay.[4]

Although conceived as a vehicle for de Havilland, Princess O'Rourke turned out to be a troubled project that led to the de Havilland Law, that changed the status of contracts in the U.S. film industry. Filmed in 1942, the release was held up for one year due to legal issues that resulted from the production.[5]

Plot

[edit]
Eddie and Maria meet aboard a Douglas DST "Skysleeper" with sleeping bunks for passengers.

During World War II, Princess Maria and her uncle Holman, exiles from their (unnamed) conquered European country, live in New York City. Holman hopes that his niece will marry and produce a male heir as soon as possible, but she is not interested in his preferred choice, Count Peter de Chandome, or the other candidates that he has suggested.

While flying to California incognito as "Mary Williams", the princess—fearful of flying—is accidentally given too many sleeping pills. When the Douglas DST airliner returns to New York because of bad weather, the crew cannot wake her. The pilot, Eddie O'Rourke, takes care of her, still unaware who she is. She wakes up the next morning in his apartment wearing his pajamas.

To explain her absence, Maria tells her uncle that she slept at the airport. She spends the day with Eddie, his friend and co-pilot, Dave Campbell, and Dave's wife Jean (who had put Maria to bed). "Mary" tells them she is a war refugee and was traveling to California to work as an upstairs maid. She and Eddie quickly fall in love. With both Eddie and Dave about to join the United States Army Air Forces, Eddie impulsively proposes to Mary. She accepts, but sadly believes that, as a princess, she cannot marry him.

A Secret Service agent assigned to protect Maria tells her uncle of the relationship. Holman is not opposed to Maria marrying a commoner, and is pleased to learn that Eddie is one of nine brothers and his father one of 11. Holman also knows that his niece marrying an American would strengthen his country's vital relationship with the United States. To Maria's surprise and joy, he permits the marriage, and Eddie is stunned to learn that his poor European refugee is actually royalty.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt invites Maria and Eddie to stay at the White House. Given a crash course in royal protocol by a representative of the State Department, Eddie becomes increasingly uncomfortable with the conditions attached to the role of prince consort and being financially supported by his wife, with no career other than fathering an heir. While discussing the prenuptial agreement, he finally rebels when he is informed he must surrender his American citizenship. After making an impassioned speech about how lucky he is to be an American, Eddie asks "Mary" to choose between him and her family. Maria obeys her uncle and leaves the room; a disappointed Eddie calls her a "slave". Holman locks her in the Lincoln Bedroom.

After much crying, Maria writes a note and slips it under the door for Roosevelt's dog, Fala, to deliver to his master. In the middle of the night, the President summons a Supreme Court judge to marry Eddie and Maria. Afterward, the newlyweds sneak out of the White House. On the way out, Eddie bumps into a man standing behind the door; he mistakes the man for a guard. Outside, Maria tells him that the "guard" was actually the President. Astonished, Eddie exclaims, “I tipped him a buck! And he took it!”[Note 1]

Cast

[edit]

Production

[edit]

Development

[edit]

In the early 1940s Norman Krasna had established himself as a leading screenwriter. He wanted to move into directing and in February 1942 signed a contract with Warner Bros to write and direct. His first assignment was to be Princess O'Rourke.[6]

Casting

[edit]

In April 1942 Warner Bros announced Loretta Young would play the lead.[7] In May Warner Bros arranged to borrow Fred MacMurray from Paramount to play the male lead in exchange for Ann Sheridan who Paramount wanted to play Texas Guinan.[8] Also that month Hal Wallis announced he would produce.[9]

By June, however, the arrangement to exchange MacMurray for Sheridan was cancelled. (The Texas Guinan movie went on to be made with Betty Hutton, and MacMurray would not finish No Time for Love in time.) The male lead went to Cummings, who was borrowed from Universal and who had worked for Warners on Kings Row. The female lead went to de Havilland.[10][11] Charles Coburn joined the cast in late June.[12]

De Havilland initially refused the part and subsequently was suspended by Warner Bros.[13][Note 2]

Feeling that being cast in a lightweight role would limit her future in Hollywood features, de Havilland also began to have medical problems that compounded her anxiety. During her suspension, Alexis Smith was tested as a replacement. Claude Rains campaigned to be in the film, but the casting of Charles Coburn solidified the main cast choices.[15]

Shooting

[edit]

Filming started on 9 July 1942.[16] It ended in September 1942.[17]

According to Ben Mankiewicz’s introduction to the 24 November 2019 airing of the picture on TCM, the production was given limited access to film at the White House, courtesy of President Roosevelt. In addition, FDR's beloved Scottie dog Fala—already a well-known film personality in his own right—played himself, because, as Mankiewicz said, "No dog body-doubles for Fala." Even so, Whiskers is also credited in some places (including the current cast list on TCM.com).

The airport scenes were shot at Burbank Airport.[Note 3][18]

Cummings often was unavailable, as he was simultaneously working on Between Us Girls at Universal Studios, forcing de Havilland to at times deliver lines to a stand-in. Aged actor Coburn also frequently forgot his lines, leading to many retakes which sapped her energy further.[19]

Cummings also fell ill with ptomaine poisoning during the shoot and missed several days.[20]

De Havilland fought openly with Warner Bros.[21] Tired and suffering from low blood pressure, the formerly steady and hard-working actress began reporting late for work, leaving the set abruptly and going home when her frustrations became too much. This was very atypical behavior from the actor.[22] She would eventually file a lawsuit against the studio in a landmark case that resulted in passage of legislation known as the de Havilland Law (California Labor Code Section 2855), that set a seven-calendar-year limit on studio-player contracts.[23]

The film was completed ten days behind schedule on 9 September. Due to the legal issues, it was eventually released a year after the production wrapped. Princess O'Rourke became the penultimate film that de Havilland completed while on contract to Warner Bros.[5][Note 4][Note 5]

De Havilland and Cummings both sued their studios over their long-term contracts.[26]

Music

[edit]

The composer Arthur Schwartz and lyricists Edward "Yip" Harburg and Ira Gershwin, who had earlier written the featured song, "Honorable Moon" (1941), donated the money they received from Warner Bros. to the United China Relief organization.[27] Nan Wynn sings the song during a Chinese restaurant scene.[15]

Censorship

[edit]

While in post-production, the wartime Bureau of Motion Pictures (BMP) screened a copy of Princess O'Rourke and strenuously objected to the film. Unlike other feature productions, a script had not been pre-approved by the BMP. Nelson Poynter, the director of the liaison office in Hollywood, stated that the film was an example of studios "... recklessly using the war for background incidents in an opportunistic attempt to capitalize on the war rather than interpret it."[28] Poynter was particularly upset about the "ridiculous" caricatures of Red Cross workers, European nobility, the Secret Service, and even the President (described as a "busybody"). With the film already finished, however, no attempt was made to censor or restrict its release.[29]

Reception

[edit]

Critical

[edit]

Although largely forgotten today, Princess O'Rourke was a success at the time.[24] It received generally favorable contemporary reviews.

The famously rigorous Bosley Crowther of The New York Times was captivated by the film,[30] by a story that he thought could only be possible in America, and that "... it happens with such spirit and humor that you'll be bound to concede it might be."[30]

The review in Variety was even more effusive:

Princess O'Rourke is a spritely, effervescing and laugh-explosive comedy-romance. Credit for general sparkle and excellence of the picture must be tossed to Norman Krasna, who handled the writing and directing responsibilities. It's Krasna's initial directing assignment.[31]

The film marked a turning point in Jane Wyman's career, as she was given the opportunity to display her comedic talents, sparring capably with her foil, Jack Carson.[32][Note 6]

More recent reviews, however, have been far more critical, with Leonard Maltin, noting in a one-paragraph review on TCM.com, "[The] very dated comedy starts charmingly with pilot Cummings falling in love with Princess de Havilland, bogs down in no longer timely situations, unbearably coy finale involving (supposedly) F.D.R. himself."[34]

Film historian Thomas G. Aylesworth stated, "[the] supporting cast of real professionals probably saved the movie."[35]

Film historians such as Roger Fristoe, retired film critic for the Courier-Journal in Louisville, Kentucky, have noted similarities to the later, more highly regarded romantic comedy Roman Holiday (1953), directed and produced by William Wyler, starring Gregory Peck as a reporter and Audrey Hepburn as a royal princess out to see Rome on her own.[5] Biographer Daniel Bubbeo characterized Princess O'Rourke as a "fluffier" antecedent of Roman Holiday.[36]

Box office

[edit]

According to Variety, the film earned $2.3 million in rentals in North America in 1943.[37]

According to Warner Bros. records, the film earned $2,257,000 domestically and $842,000 foreign.[1]

Legacy

[edit]

Norman Krasna later said "everybody thought de Havilland was a great comedienne in Princess O'Rourke; it's not true. She was just darling, an ingenue. And everybody else is in on the joke - Jane Wyman, Bob Cummings, Charles Coburn; they were great comedians all around. So it comes out as a comedy and they go and put her in Government Girl for Dudley Nichols and she falls on her ass. Don't let her be the comedy!"[38]

Wyman's performance was admired by Billy Wilder and Charles Brackett and led to her being cast in The Lost Weekend.[39] De Havilland regarded the film as trivial, but she later worked with Krasna again in The Ambassador's Daughter (1956).[40]

Despite the film's success, Krasna only directed two more films. "I'm not a good director, not at all," he said later. "I know how to direct what I write; but then I write knowing that I'm able to direct it."[41] Krasna said the film was among his favorites of his own [written] works, the others being The Devil and Miss Jones, Mr and Mrs Smith, Bachelor Mother and My Geisha.[42]

Filmink wrote the movie "features the quintessential “Robert Cummings part” – he plays a flyer, an amiable guy, up against a big female star in a romantic comedy, with strong support players around him. It was the last time Cummings made a movie with Krasna, which was a great shame as the actor was perfect for the latter’s work – many subsequent films from Krasna would cry out for a romantic male lead with the Cummings touch."[43]

Lawsuit

[edit]

In 1944, Helen Grace Carlisle sued the filmmakers, alleging plagiarism.[44]

Awards

[edit]

Krasna won the 1944 Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay) for Princess O'Rourke.[45]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Although mostly obscured behind a door in his sole appearance onscreen, Roosevelt is depicted standing up rather than in his wheelchair. His disability was usually hidden from the public during his lifetime.
  2. ^ The casting of de Havilland was due to producer Hal B. Wallis wanting to showcase his "protege".[14]
  3. ^ Besides the DST, a Douglas DC-3 in Eastern Air Lines livery is featured in a later scene. The stock footage of the airliner taking off silhouetted against the sky, however, is of a Boeing 247.
  4. ^ Following the protracted legal tussles, Jack Warner "assigned" de Havilland to RKO to star in Government Girl (1943), another project that she detested.[24]
  5. ^ Devotion (1946), completed in 1943 and released in 1946, was de Havilland's last Warner Bros. film.[25]
  6. ^ Despite the turmoil on the set, in later years, de Havilland considered the role of Princess Maria one of the few truly satisfying characters she played for Warner Bros.[33]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Warner Bros financial information in The William Schaefer Ledger. See Appendix 1, Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television, (1995) 15:sup1, 1-31 p 24 DOI: 10.1080/01439689508604551
  2. ^ Film review: Princess O'Rourke." Variety, September 22, 1943, p. 12.
  3. ^ Harrison 1997, (Film review: September 25, 1943), p. 154.
  4. ^ Erickson, Glenn. "Princess O'Rourke." DVD Savant, February 20, 2011. Retrieved: August 27, 2013.
  5. ^ a b c Fristoe, Roger. "Articles: Princess O'Rourke (1943)". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  6. ^ "Screen News Here And In Hollywood". The New York Times. 5 February 1942. 25.
  7. ^ "Ilona Massey, Jon Hall Get Lead Roles in 'The Invisible Spy' at Universal". The New York Times. 14 April 1942. 17.
  8. ^ Chapman, John (23 May 1942). "Looking at Hollywood". Chicago Daily Tribune. 16.
  9. ^ "Screen News Here And In Hollywood". The New York Times. 2 May 1942. 10.
  10. ^ "Screen News Here And In Hollywood". The New York Times. 6 June 1942. 9.
  11. ^ "Drama: Olivia, Bob Cummings 'Princess O'Rourke'". Los Angeles Times. 5 June 1942. 17.
  12. ^ "Of Local Origin". The New York Times. 25 June 1942. 26.
  13. ^ Freedland 1983, p. 172.
  14. ^ Wallis and Higham 1990, p. 86.
  15. ^ a b "Notes: Princess O'Rourke (1943)". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved 24 August 2013.
  16. ^ "Of Local Origin". The New York Times. 8 July 1942. 27.
  17. ^ "United States Court of Appeals For the Ninth Circuit Cummings v Universal - 1944". Internet archive. p. 569.
  18. ^ "Original Print Information: Princess O'Rourke (1943)". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved 26 August 2013.
  19. ^ Higham, p. 136
  20. ^ Schallert, Edwin (17 August 1942). "Drama: Hepburn Stage Play Commands High Price". Los Angeles Times. 22.
  21. ^ Sperling et al. 1998, pp. 194–195.
  22. ^ Higham, pp. 136-137
  23. ^ Maltin 1994, p. 214.
  24. ^ a b DeWelles, Orson (4 October 2012). "Princess O'Rourke (1943)". classicfilmfreak.com. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  25. ^ Thomas 1983, p. 35.
  26. ^ Scheuer, Philip K. (7 November 1943). "Town Called Hollywood Two More Warner Bros. Stars Go Out a-Feudin'". Los Angeles Times. E1.
  27. ^ "Music: Honorable Moon". Time. 21 July 1941. Archived from the original on 2010-06-24.
  28. ^ Koppes and Black 1987, p. 93.
  29. ^ Koppes and Black 1987, pp. 93–94.
  30. ^ a b Crowther, Bosley (6 November 1943). "' Princess O'Rourke,' 100 PerCent American Comedy, With Olivia deHavilland, Robt. Cummings, Chas. Coburn at the Strand". The New York Times. Retrieved 25 November 2019.
  31. ^ "Princess O'Rourke". Variety. 31 December 1942.
  32. ^ Morella and Epstein 1985, p. 61.
  33. ^ Thomas 1983, p. 34.
  34. ^ Maltin, Leonard. "Leonard Maltin Movie Review: Princess O'Rourke". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved 27 January 2013.
  35. ^ Aylesworth 1986, p. 80.
  36. ^ Bubbeo 2001, p. 63.
  37. ^ "Top Grossers of the Season". Variety. 5 January 1944. p. 54.
  38. ^ McGilligan, Patrick (1986). Backstory: Interviews with Screenwriters of Hollywood's Golden Age. University of California Press. p. 223. ISBN 9780520056893.
  39. ^ Morella, Joe; Epstein, Edward Z (1986). Jane Wyman : a biography. G.K. Hall. p. 97. ISBN 9780816140657.
  40. ^ Higham, p. 144
  41. ^ McGilligan, p. 227
  42. ^ McGilligan, p. 232
  43. ^ Vagg, Stephen (29 October 2024). "Movie Star Cold Streaks: Robert Cummings". Filmink. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
  44. ^ "Charges Film Plagiarism". The New York Times. 15 April 1944. 13.
  45. ^ Schallert, Edwin (3 March 1944). "Paul Lukas and Jennifer Jones Academy Winners: Casablanca Voted Best 1943 Film Annual 'Oscar' Event Thrills All Hollywood". Los Angeles Times. A1.

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Princess_O%27Rourke&oldid=1259961243"