Ziaelas of Bithynia: Difference between revisions

Ziaelas
Ziaelas
Basileus of Bithynia
King of Bithynia
Reign	c. 254 BC - 228 BC
Predecessor	Etazeta
Successor	Prusias I
Born	c. 265 BC
Died	228 BC (age 37)
Issue	Prusias I
Father	Nicomedes I

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Ziaelas (Ancient Greek: Ζιαήλας; lived c. 265 BC – 228 BC, reigned c. 254 BC – 228 BC), third king of Bithynia, was a son of Nicomedes I and Ditizele.

Life

Following the death of Nicomedes I, his second wife Etazeta of Bithynia acted as regent on behalf of her infant sons. Nicomedes' adult son from his first marriage Ziaelas, was denied the chance to ascend the throne, leading him to flee to Armenia and take refuge at the court of King Arsames I in Sophene. Upon his father's death he immediately endeavored to regain his rights by force, and returned, aided by some Galatians. Although Etazeta was supported by neighboring cities and Antigonus II Gonatas, Ziaelas rapidly conquered Bithynia, forcing Etazeta and her sons to escape to the court of Antigonus in about 254 BC.^[1]

During the Fraternal War between Seleucus II Callinicus and Antiochus Hierax, he seized the opportunity to attack the latter, trying to conquer Asia Minor^[2] They later became allies and his daughter, born c. 245 BC, married Hierax.^[3]

He was succeeded by his son Prusias I about 228 BC after being killed by the Galatians.^[4]^[5] Like his father and his grandfather he also founded a new city named after him, Ziaela, but the location of the city is unknown.^[6].

References

^ Memnon, History of Heracleia, 14
^ Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, xxvii. 2-3
^ Eusebius, Chronicon (Schoene ed.), pag. 251
^ Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae, II. 58, citing Phylarchus
^ Pompeius Trogus, Prologi, 27
^ Stephanus, Ethnica, s.v. "Zeleia"

Sources

Cohen, Getzel M. (1996), "Zipoition", The Hellenistic Settlements in Europe, the Islands and Asia Minor
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Zeilas". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 3. p. 1310.

Preceded by Etazeta	King of Bithynia 254 BC – 228 BC	Succeeded by Prusias I

[memn-1] Memnon, History of Heracleia, 14

[justin-2] Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, xxvii. 2-3

[euseb-3] Eusebius, Chronicon (Schoene ed.), pag. 251

[athen-4] Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae, II. 58, citing Phylarchus

[trogus-5] Pompeius Trogus, Prologi, 27

[steph-6] Stephanus, Ethnica, s.v. "Zeleia"

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Infobox royalty
-'''Ziaelas''' (reigned c. 254&ndash;228 BC), [[List of Kings of Bithynia|third]] king of [[Bithynia]], was a son of [[Nicomedes I of Bithynia|Nicomedes I]] and Ditizele.
+|name        = Ziaelas
+|title       = [[Basileus]] of [[Bithynia]]
+|succession  = [[List of rulers of Bithynia|King of Bithynia]]
+|reign       = c. 254 BC - 228 BC
+|predecessor = [[Etazeta of Bithynia|Etazeta]]
+|successor   = [[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]]
+|father      = [[Nicomedes I of Bithynia|Nicomedes I]]
+|issue       = [[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]]
+|birth_date  = c. 265 BC
+|death_date  = 228 BC (age 37)
+}}
+'''Ziaelas''' ({{langx|grc|Ζιαήλας}}; lived c. 265 BC &ndash; 228 BC, reigned c. 254 BC – 228 BC), [[List of Kings of Bithynia|third]] king of [[Bithynia]], was a son of [[Nicomedes I of Bithynia|Nicomedes I]] and Ditizele.
-After Nicomedes I died, his second wife Etazeta became ruler on behalf of her infant sons. The grown-up Ziaelas, excluded from the throne, had previously fled to [[Armenia]] and taken refuge at the court of King [[Sames]]. On his father's death he immediately endeavoured to regain his rights by force, he returned, aided by some [[Galatia]]ns. Although Etazeta was supported by neighbouring cities and [[Antigonus II Gonatas]], Ziaelas rapidly conquered first part, then all of Bithynia, forcing Etazeta and her sons to escape to Antigonus' court in [[Macedon]]ia about 254 BC.{{rf|1|memn}}
+==Life==
-He was succeeded by his son Prusias about 228 BC after being killed by the [[Galatia]]n [[Gaul]]s.{{rf|2|athen_2.58_trog_27}} Like his father and his grandfather he also founded a new city named after him, Ziela, but the location of the city is unknown.{{rf|3|steph}}
+Following the death of [[Nicomedes I of Bithynia|Nicomedes I]], his second wife [[Etazeta of Bithynia]] acted as regent on behalf of her infant sons. Nicomedes' adult son from his first marriage Ziaelas, was denied the chance to ascend the throne, leading him to flee to [[Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)|Armenia]] and take refuge at the court of King [[Arsames I]] in [[Sophene]]. Upon his father's death he immediately endeavored to regain his rights by force, and returned, aided by some [[Galatians (people)|Galatians]]. Although Etazeta was supported by neighboring cities and [[Antigonus II Gonatas]], Ziaelas rapidly conquered Bithynia, forcing Etazeta and her sons to escape to the court of Antigonus in about 254 BC.{{r|memn}}
+During the Fraternal War between [[Seleucus II Callinicus]] and [[Antiochus Hierax]], he seized the opportunity to attack the latter, trying to conquer Asia Minor{{r|justin}} They later became allies and his daughter, born c. 245 BC, married Hierax.{{r|euseb}}
-{{start box}}
-{{succession box |
+He was succeeded by his son [[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] about 228 BC after being killed by the Galatians.{{r|athen}}{{r|trogus}} Like his father and his grandfather he also founded a new city named after him, Ziaela, but the location of the city is unknown.{{r|steph}}.
- title=[[List of Kings of Bithynia|King of Bithynia]] |
- before=[[Etazeta of Bithynia|Etazeta]] |
- after=[[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] |
- years=254 BC &ndash; 228 BC}}
-{{end box}}
 ==References==
+{{reflist|refs=
-*Cohen, Getzel M.; ''The Hellenistic Settlements in Europe, the Islands and Asia Minor'' (1996), "Ziela"
+<ref name="memn">[[Memnon of Heraclea|Memnon]], ''History of Heracleia'', [http://www.attalus.org/translate/memnon1.html#14 14]</ref>
-*[[William Smith (lexicographer)|Smith, William]] (editor); ''[[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology]]'', [http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/3643.html "Zeilas"], [[Boston]], (1867)
+<ref name="athen">[[Athenaeus]], ''[[Deipnosophistae]]'', II. 58, citing [[Phylarchus]]</ref>
+<ref name="steph">[[Stephanus of Byzantium|Stephanus]], ''Ethnica'', s.v. [https://topostext.org/work/241#Z295.1 "Zeleia"]</ref>
+<ref name="justin">[[Junianus Justinus|Justin]], ''Epitome of Pompeius Trogus'', [http://www.attalus.org/translate/justin4.html#27.2 xxvii. 2-3]</ref>
+<ref name="euseb">[[Eusebius of Caesarea|Eusebius]], ''[[Chronicon (Eusebius)|Chronicon]]'' (Schoene ed.), pag. [http://www.attalus.org/translate/eusebius2.html 251]</ref>
+<ref name="trogus">[[Gnaeus Pompeius Trogus|Pompeius Trogus]], ''Prologi'', [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/justinus_08_prologi.htm 27]</ref>
+}}
-==Notes==
+==Sources==
+* {{citation|last=Cohen|first=Getzel M.|title=The Hellenistic Settlements in Europe, the Islands and Asia Minor|chapter=Zipoition|year=1996}}
-{{ent|1|memn}} [[Memnon of Heraclea|Memnon]], ''History of Heracleia'', [http://www.attalus.org/translate/memnon1.html#14 14]
+* {{SmithDGRBM|title=Zeilas|volume=3|page=1310|url=https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0104:entry=zeilas-bio-1&highlight=zeilas}}
-{{ent|2|athen_2.58_trog_27}} [[Athenaeus]], ''[[Deipnosophistae]]'', ii. 58; [[Gnaeus Pompeius Trogus|Pompeius Trogus]], ''Prologi'', [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/justinus_08_prologi.htm 27]
-{{ent|3|steph}} [[Stephanus of Byzantium|Stephanus]], ''Ethnica'', s.v. "Ziela"
+{{s-start}}
-----
+{{succession box |
-{{SmithDGRBM}}
+ title=[[List of rulers of Bithynia|King of Bithynia]] |
+ before=[[Etazeta of Bithynia|Etazeta]] |
+ after=[[Prusias I of Bithynia|Prusias I]] |
+ years=254 BC&nbsp;– 228 BC}}
+{{s-end}}
+{{Hellenistic rulers}}
-[[Category:3rd-century BC births]]
+[[Category:260s BC births]]
+[[Category:3rd-century BC Greek people]]
+[[Category:Ancient child monarchs]]
+[[Category:3rd-century BC Kings of Bithynia]]
 [[Category:228 BC deaths]]
-[[Category:3rd-century BC Greeks]]
+[[Category:Monarchs of Bithynia]]
-[[Category:Ancient child rulers]]
+[[Category:3rd-century BC murdered monarchs]]
-[[el:Ζιαήλας της Βιθυνίας]]
-[[es:Cielas de Bitinia]]
-[[fr:Zélas]]
-[[it:Ziaelas]]
-[[ru:Зиаил]]

v t e Hellenistic rulers
Argeads	Philip II Alexander III the Great Philip III Arrhidaeus Alexander IV
Antipatrids	Cassander Philip IV Alexander V Antipater II Antipater Etesias Sosthenes
Antigonids	Antigonus I Monophthalmus Demetrius I Poliorcetes Antigonus II Gonatas Demetrius II Aetolicus Antigonus III Doson Philip V Perseus Philip VI (pretender)
Ptolemies	Ptolemy I Soter Ptolemy Keraunos Ptolemy II Philadelphus Ptolemy III Euergetes Ptolemy IV Philopator Ptolemy V Epiphanes Cleopatra I Syra (regent) Ptolemy VI Philometor Ptolemy VII Neos Philopator Cleopatra II Philometor Soter Ptolemy VIII Physcon Cleopatra III Ptolemy IX Lathyros Ptolemy X Alexander Berenice III Ptolemy XI Alexander Ptolemy XII Auletes Cleopatra VI Tryphaena Berenice IV Epiphanea Ptolemy XIII Ptolemy XIV Cleopatra VII Philopator Ptolemy XV Caesarion
Monarchs of Cyrene	Magas Berenice II Demetrius the Fair Ptolemy VIII Physcon Ptolemy Apion Cleopatra Selene II
Seleucids	Seleucus I Nicator Antiochus I Soter Antiochus II Theos Seleucus II Callinicus Seleucus III Ceraunus Antiochus III the Great Seleucus IV Philopator Antiochus IV Epiphanes Antiochus V Eupator Demetrius I Soter Alexander I Balas Demetrius II Nicator Antiochus VI Dionysus Diodotus Tryphon Antiochus VII Sidetes Alexander II Zabinas Cleopatra Thea Seleucus V Philometor Antiochus VIII Grypus Antiochus IX Cyzicenus Seleucus VI Epiphanes Antiochus X Eusebes Antiochus XI Epiphanes Demetrius III Eucaerus Philip I Philadelphus Antiochus XII Dionysus Cleopatra Selene I Antiochus XIII Asiaticus Philip II Philoromaeus
Lysimachids	Lysimachus Ptolemy Epigonos
Attalids	Philetaerus Eumenes I Attalus I Eumenes II Attalus II Attalus III Eumenes III
Greco-Bactrians	Diodotus I Diodotus II Euthydemus I Demetrius I Euthydemus II Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Demetrius II Eucratides I Plato Eucratides II Heliocles I
Indo-Greeks	Demetrius I Antimachus I Pantaleon Agathocles Apollodotus I Demetrius II Antimachus II Menander I Zoilos I Agathokleia Lysias Strato I Antialcidas Heliokles II Polyxenos Demetrius III Philoxenus Diomedes Amyntas Epander Theophilos Peukolaos Thraso Nicias Menander II Artemidoros Hermaeus Archebius Telephos Apollodotus II Hippostratos Dionysios Zoilos II Apollophanes Strato II Strato III
Monarchs of Bithynia	Boteiras Bas Zipoetes I Nicomedes I Zipoetes II Etazeta (regent) Ziaelas Prusias I Prusias II Nicomedes II Nicomedes III Nicomedes IV Socrates Chrestus
Monarchs of Pontus	Mithridates I Ctistes Ariobarzanes Mithridates II Mithridates III Pharnaces I Mithridates IV Philopator Philadephos with Laodice Mithridates V Euergetes Mithridates VI Eupator Pharnaces II Darius Arsaces Polemon I Pythodorida Polemon II
Monarchs of Commagene	Ptolemaeus Sames II Mithridates I Antiochus I Mithridates II Antiochus II Mithridates III Antiochus III Antiochus IV
Monarchs of Cappadocia	Ariarathes I Ariarathes II Ariamnes II Ariarathes III Ariarathes IV Ariarathes V Orophernes Ariarathes VI Ariarathes VII Ariarathes VIII Ariarathes IX Ariobarzanes I Ariobarzanes II Ariobarzanes III Ariarathes X Archelaus
Monarchs of the Cimmerian Bosporus	Paerisades I Satyros II Prytanis Eumelos Spartokos III Hygiainon (regent) Paerisades II Spartokos IV Leukon II Spartokos V [ru] Kamasarye Paerisades III Paerisades IV Paerisades V Mithridates I Pharnaces Asander with Dynamis Mithridates II Asander with Dynamis Scribonius's attempted rule with Dynamis Dynamis with Polemon Polemon Aspurgus Gepaepyris Mithridates III Cotys I
Monarchs of Epirus	Admetus Tharrhypas Alcetas I Neoptolemus I Arybbas Alexander I Aeacides Neoptolemus II Alcetas II Pyrrhus I Alexander II Olympias II (regent) Pyrrhus II Ptolemy Pyrrhus III Deidamia
Hellenistic rulers were preceded by Hellenistic satraps in most of their territories.