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{{Short description|King of Pontus}}
{{Redirect|Mithridates V|the King of Iberia|Mihrdat V of Iberia}}
{{Infobox royalty
⚫
| name = Mithridates V Euergetes
| image = File:Mithridate V Evergète (Louvre, CA 1972).jpg
| caption = Terracotta in Louvre museum
| succession = [[List of monarchs of Pontus|King]] of [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]]
| reign = {{circa}} 150 – {{circa}} 120 BC
| predecessor = [[Mithridates IV of Pontus|Mithridates IV]]
| successor = [[Mithridates VI of Pontus|Mithridates VI]]
| birth_date =
| death_date = {{circa}} 120 BC
| death_place = [[Sinop, Turkey|Sinope]], [[Kingdom of Pontus|Pontus]]
| burial_place = [[Amasya]], [[Amasya Province]], [[Turkey]]
| spouses = [[Laodice VI]] of Seleucids
| issue = {{plainlist|
*[[Laodice of Cappadocia|Berenice]]
*[[Mithridates VI Eupator|Mithridates VI]]
*[[Mithridates Chrestus]]
*[[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates VI of Pontus)|Laodice]]
⚫
}}
| house = [[Mithridatic dynasty|Mithridatic]]
| father = [[Pharnaces I of Pontus|Pharnaces I]]
| mother = [[Nysa (wife of Pharnaces I of Pontus)|Nysa]]
}}
⚫
'''Mithridates''' or '''Mithradates V Euergetes'''<ref>Erciyas, ''Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey'' p.122</ref> ({{langx|grc|Μιθριδάτης ὁ Eὐεργέτης}}, which means "Mithridates the Benefactor"; died {{Circa}} 120 BC) was a prince and the [[List of Kings of Pontus|seventh king]] of the [[Kingdom of Pontus]].


⚫
Mithridates V was of [[Macedonia (Greece)|Greek Macedonian]] and [[Persian people|Persian ancestry]]. He was the son of the King [[Pharnaces I of Pontus|Pharnaces I]] and Queen [[Nysa (wife of Pharnaces I of Pontus)|Nysa]], while his sister was [[Nysa of Cappadocia]]. His mother is believed to have died during childbirth, while giving birth to either him or his sister. He was born and raised in the Kingdom of Pontus. Mithridates V succeeded his paternal aunt [[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates IV of Pontus)|Laodice]] and paternal uncle [[Mithridates IV of Pontus|Mithridates IV]]<ref>Justin, ''Epitome of Pompeius Trogus'', [http://attalus.org/translate/justin6.html#38.5 xxxviii. 5]</ref> on the Pontian throne, but the circumstance of his accession is uncertain.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
⚫
'''Mithridates V Euergetes''' ([[Greek language|Greek]]: ''Μιθριδάτης ὁ εὐεργέτης'', which means "Mithridates the benefactor"; flourished 2nd century BC, reigned 150–120 BC); also known as ''Mithridates V of Pontus'', ''Mithradates V of Pontus ''and ''Mithradates V Euergetes'',<ref>Erciyas, ''Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey'' p.122</ref> was a Prince and [[List of Kings of Pontus|seventh King]] of the wealthy [[Kingdom of Pontus]].


⚫
Mithridates V continued the alliance with [[Roman Republic|Rome]] started by his predecessors. He supported them with some ships and a small auxiliary force during the [[Third Punic War]]<ref>Appian, ''The foreign wars, Mithridatic Wars'' [https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-2#10 10]</ref> and at a subsequent period rendered them useful assistance in the war against the King of [[Pergamon]], [[Eumenes III]] (131–129 BC).{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
⚫
Mithridates V was of [[Macedonia (Greece)|Greek Macedonian]] and [[Persian people|Persian ancestry]]. He was the son of the King [[Pharnaces I of Pontus]] and Queen [[Nysa (wife of Pharnaces I of Pontus)|Nysa]], while his sister was [[Nysa of Cappadocia]]. His mother is believed to have died during childbirth, when his mother was giving birth to his sister or Mithridates V. He was born and raised in the Kingdom of Pontus. Mithridates V succeeded his paternal aunt [[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates IV of Pontus)|Laodice]] and paternal uncle [[Mithridates IV of Pontus]] <ref>Justin, ''Epitome of Pompeius Trogus'', xxxviii. 5</ref> on the Pontian throne and the accession of Mithridates V is uncertain.


⚫
For his services on this occasion, Mithridates V was rewarded by the Roman consul [[Manius Aquillius (consul 129 BC)|Manius Aquillius]] with the province of [[Phrygia]]. However, the acts of the Roman consul were rescinded by the [[Roman Senate]] on the grounds of bribery, but it appears that he maintained his possession of Phrygia until his death.<ref>Justin, [http://attalus.org/translate/justin6.html#38.1 xxxvii. 1]; Appian, [https://www.livius.org/sources/content/appian/appian-the-mithridatic-wars/appian-the-mithridatic-wars-3#12 12], 56, 57; Orosius, Adversus Paganos, [http://attalus.org/translate/orosius5A.html#10 v. 10]; Eutropius, Breviarium, [https://en.m.wikisource.org/wiki/Abridgement_of_Roman_History/Book_IV#XX iv. 20]</ref> Mithridates V also increased the power of Pontus by the marriage of his eldest child, his daughter [[Laodice of Cappadocia|Laodice]] to King [[Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia|Ariarathes VI]].<ref>{{Cite book| publisher = Princeton University Press| last = Mayor| first=Adrienne |title = The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy| chapter = Education of a Young Hero| date = 2010| pages = 43–72| jstor = j.ctt7t7kz.10| isbn = 978-0-691-15026-0 }}</ref> The end of his reign can only be approximately determined based on statements concerning the accession of his son Mithridates VI, which is assigned to the year 120 BC, signaling the end of the reign of Mithridates V.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
⚫
Mithridates V continued the politics of an alliance with the [[Roman Republic]] started by his predecessors. He supported them with some ships and a small auxiliary force during the [[Third Punic War]] (149–146&nbsp;BC)<ref>Appian, ''The foreign wars, Mithridatic Wars'' 10</ref> and at a subsequent period rendered them useful assistance in the war against King of [[Pergamon]], [[Eumenes III]] (131–129 BC).


⚫
Mithridates V was assassinated around 120 BC in [[Sinop, Turkey|Sinope]], poisoned by unknown persons at a lavish banquet which he held.<ref>Mayor, ''The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy'' p.68</ref>
⚫
For his services on this occasion Mithridates V was rewarded by the Roman consul [[Manius Aquillius (consul 129 BC)|Manius Aquillius]] with the province of [[Phrygia]]. However the acts of the Roman consul were rescinded by the [[Roman Senate]] on the grounds of bribery, but it appears that he maintained his possession of Phrygia until his death.<ref>Justin, xxxvii. 1; Appian, 12, 56, 57; Orosius, Adversus Paganos, v. 10; Eutropius, Breviarium, iv. 20</ref> Mithridates V also increased the power of the [[Kingdom of Pontus]] by the marriage of his eldest child, his daughter [[Laodice of Cappadocia]] to King [[Ariarathes VI of Cappadocia]]. The end of his reign can only be approximately determined based on statements concerning the accession of his son Mithridates VI, which is assign in the year 120 BC to end of the reign of Mithridates V.
⚫
Mithridates V was a great benefactor to the Hellenic culture which shows on surviving coinage and honorific inscriptions stating his donations in [[Athens]] and [[Delos]] and held the Greek God [[Apollo]] in great veneration. A bilingual inscription dedicated to him is displayed at the [[Capitoline Museums]] in [[Rome]].<ref>Erciyas, ''Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey'' p.122</ref> Mithridates V was buried in the royal tombs of his ancestors at [[Amasya]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}


⚫
Mithridates V married the [[Seleucid Empire|Greek Seleucid Princess]] [[Laodice VI]], who was the daughter of [[Antiochus IV Epiphanes]] and [[Laodice IV]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Laodice VI - Livius|url=https://www.livius.org/la-ld/laodice/laodice_vi.html|website=www.livius.org|access-date=29 May 2017|language=en|archive-date=18 June 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060618111930/http://www.livius.org/la-ld/laodice/laodice_vi.html|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>Walbank, ''Cambridge ancient history: The hellenistic world, Volume 7 '' p.491</ref> Mithridates V and Laodice VI were related, thus he was connected to the [[Seleucid Empire|Seleucid dynasty]].{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
⚫
Mithridates V was assassinated in about 120 BC in [[Sinop, Turkey|Sinope]] poisoned by unknown persons at a lavish banquet which he held.<ref>Mayor, ''The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy'' p.68</ref>
⚫
Mithridates V, was a great benefactor to the Hellenic culture which shows on surviving coinage and honorific inscriptions stating his donations in [[Athens]] and [[Delos]] and had great veneration in which he kept for the Greek God [[Apollo]]. At the [[Capitoline Museums]] in [[Rome]], is on a display a bilingual inscription dedication to him.<ref>Erciyas, ''Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey'' p.122</ref> Mithridates V was buried in the royal tombs of his ancestors at [[Amasya]].


⚫
Laodice bore Mithridates V eight children: [[Laodice of Cappadocia]], [[Mithridates VI Eupator|Mithridates VI]], [[Mithridates Chrestus]], [[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates VI of Pontus)|Laodice]], Nysa (sometimes spelt as Nyssa), Roxana and Statira. Roxana and Statira were compelled to kill themselves with poison after the fall of Pontus in 63 BC. Nysa was taken prisoner by the Romans and made to march in the triumphs of two Roman generals.{{Citation needed|date=January 2021}}
⚫
Mithridates V married the [[Seleucid Empire|Greek Seleucid Princess]] [[Laodice VI]], who was the daughter of [[Antiochus IV Epiphanes]] and [[Laodice IV]].<ref>http://www.livius.org/la-ld/laodice/laodice_vi.html</ref><ref>Walbank, ''Cambridge ancient history: The hellenistic world, Volume 7 '' p.491</ref> Mithridates V and Laodice VI were related, thus he had lineage from the [[Seleucid Empire|Seleucid dynasty]].

⚫
Laodice bore Mithridates V seven children who were: [[Laodice of Cappadocia]], [[Mithridates VI of Pontus]], [[Mithridates Chrestus]], [[Laodice (sister-wife of Mithridates VI of Pontus)|Laodice]], Nysa (sometimes spelt as Nyssa), Roxana and Statira. Roxana and Statira were compelled to kill themselves with poison after the fall of the Kingdom of Pontus in 63 BC. Nysa was taken prisoner by the Romans and made to march in the triumphs of two Roman generals.


==References==
==References==
Line 20: Line 42:


==Sources==
==Sources==
* [[William Smith (lexicographer)|Smith, William]] (editor); ''[[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology]]'', [http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/2204.html "Mithridates V"], [[Boston]], (1867)
* [[William Smith (lexicographer)|Smith, William]] (editor); ''[[Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology]]'', [https://web.archive.org/web/20051230062409/http://www.ancientlibrary.com/smith-bio/2204.html "Mithridates V"], [[Boston]], (1867)
* {{SmithDGRBM}}
* {{SmithDGRBM|title=Mithridates, kings of Pontus|volume=2|page=1096}}
* Walbank, W. The Cambridge ancient history: The Hellenistic world, Volume 7 F. Cambridge University Press, 1984
* Walbank, W. The Cambridge ancient history: The Hellenistic world, Volume 7 F. Cambridge University Press, 1984
* McGing, B.C. The foreign policy of Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus, BRILL, 1986
* McGing, B.C. The foreign policy of Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus, BRILL, 1986
Line 27: Line 49:
* Erciyas, D.B. Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey, BRILL, 2006
* Erciyas, D.B. Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey, BRILL, 2006
* Mayor, A. The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy, Princeton University Press, 2009
* Mayor, A. The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy, Princeton University Press, 2009
* Dakshveer Singh
⚫
* http://www.pontos.dk/publications/books/bss-9-files/bss-9-04-callatay


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category|Mithridates V of Pontus}}
*[http://www.pontos.dk/publications/books/bss-9-files/bss-9-04-callatay Coinage of Mithridates V on pages 16-17]
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*[http://www.pontos.dk/publications/books/bss-9-files/bss-9-04-callatay Callatay, Francois, The First Royal Coinages of Pontos]
{{S-start}}
{{S-start}}
{{succession box |
{{succession box
title=[[List of Kings of Pontus|King of Pontus]] |
| title = [[List of Kings of Pontus|King of Pontus]]
before=[[Mithridates IV of Pontus|Mithridates IV]] |
| before = [[Mithridates IV of Pontus|Mithridates IV]]
after=[[Mithridates VI of Pontus|Mithridates VI]] |
| after = [[Mithridates VI of Pontus|Mithridates VI]]
years=ca. 150 BC – 120 BC}}
| years = {{circa}} 150 BC – 120 BC
}}
{{S-end}}
{{S-end}}
{{Hellenistic rulers}}
{{Hellenistic rulers}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
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| NAME =Mithridates 05 Of Pontus
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Ruler of Pontus
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
⚫
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mithridates 05 Of Pontus}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mithridates 05 Of Pontus}}
[[Category:120 BC deaths]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC births]]
[[Category:Rulers of Pontus]]
[[Category:120s BC deaths]]
[[Category:Murdered monarchs]]
[[Category:Mithridatic kings of Pontus]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC Asian rulers]]
[[Category:Ancient Persian people]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC Iranian people]]
[[Category:Iranian people of Greek descent]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC murdered monarchs]]
[[Category:2nd-century BC kings of Pontus]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]

Latest revision as of 16:46, 28 November 2024

Mithridates V Euergetes
Terracotta in Louvre museum
King of Pontus
Reignc. 150 – c. 120 BC
PredecessorMithridates IV
SuccessorMithridates VI
Diedc. 120 BC
Sinope, Pontus
Burial
Amasya, Amasya Province, Turkey
SpousesLaodice VI of Seleucids
Issue
HouseMithridatic
FatherPharnaces I
MotherNysa

Mithridates or Mithradates V Euergetes[1] (Ancient Greek: Μιθριδάτης ὁ Eὐεργέτης, which means "Mithridates the Benefactor"; died c. 120 BC) was a prince and the seventh king of the Kingdom of Pontus.

Mithridates V was of Greek Macedonian and Persian ancestry. He was the son of the King Pharnaces I and Queen Nysa, while his sister was Nysa of Cappadocia. His mother is believed to have died during childbirth, while giving birth to either him or his sister. He was born and raised in the Kingdom of Pontus. Mithridates V succeeded his paternal aunt Laodice and paternal uncle Mithridates IV[2] on the Pontian throne, but the circumstance of his accession is uncertain.[citation needed]

Mithridates V continued the alliance with Rome started by his predecessors. He supported them with some ships and a small auxiliary force during the Third Punic War[3] and at a subsequent period rendered them useful assistance in the war against the King of Pergamon, Eumenes III (131–129 BC).[citation needed]

For his services on this occasion, Mithridates V was rewarded by the Roman consul Manius Aquillius with the province of Phrygia. However, the acts of the Roman consul were rescinded by the Roman Senate on the grounds of bribery, but it appears that he maintained his possession of Phrygia until his death.[4] Mithridates V also increased the power of Pontus by the marriage of his eldest child, his daughter Laodice to King Ariarathes VI.[5] The end of his reign can only be approximately determined based on statements concerning the accession of his son Mithridates VI, which is assigned to the year 120 BC, signaling the end of the reign of Mithridates V.[citation needed]

Mithridates V was assassinated around 120 BC in Sinope, poisoned by unknown persons at a lavish banquet which he held.[6] Mithridates V was a great benefactor to the Hellenic culture which shows on surviving coinage and honorific inscriptions stating his donations in Athens and Delos and held the Greek God Apollo in great veneration. A bilingual inscription dedicated to him is displayed at the Capitoline Museums in Rome.[7] Mithridates V was buried in the royal tombs of his ancestors at Amasya.[citation needed]

Mithridates V married the Greek Seleucid Princess Laodice VI, who was the daughter of Antiochus IV Epiphanes and Laodice IV.[8][9] Mithridates V and Laodice VI were related, thus he was connected to the Seleucid dynasty.[citation needed]

Laodice bore Mithridates V eight children: Laodice of Cappadocia, Mithridates VI, Mithridates Chrestus, Laodice, Nysa (sometimes spelt as Nyssa), Roxana and Statira. Roxana and Statira were compelled to kill themselves with poison after the fall of Pontus in 63 BC. Nysa was taken prisoner by the Romans and made to march in the triumphs of two Roman generals.[citation needed]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Erciyas, Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey p.122
  2. ^ Justin, Epitome of Pompeius Trogus, xxxviii. 5
  3. ^ Appian, The foreign wars, Mithridatic Wars 10
  4. ^ Justin, xxxvii. 1; Appian, 12, 56, 57; Orosius, Adversus Paganos, v. 10; Eutropius, Breviarium, iv. 20
  5. ^ Mayor, Adrienne (2010). "Education of a Young Hero". The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy. Princeton University Press. pp. 43–72. ISBN 978-0-691-15026-0. JSTOR j.ctt7t7kz.10.
  6. ^ Mayor, The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy p.68
  7. ^ Erciyas, Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey p.122
  8. ^ "Laodice VI - Livius". www.livius.org. Archived from the original on 18 June 2006. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
  9. ^ Walbank, Cambridge ancient history: The hellenistic world, Volume 7 p.491

Sources

[edit]
  • Smith, William (editor); Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, "Mithridates V", Boston, (1867)
  •  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1870). "Mithridates, kings of Pontus". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 2. p. 1096.
  • Walbank, W. The Cambridge ancient history: The Hellenistic world, Volume 7 F. Cambridge University Press, 1984
  • McGing, B.C. The foreign policy of Mithridates VI Eupator, King of Pontus, BRILL, 1986
  • Hazel, J. Who's Who in the Roman World, "Mithridates V Euergetes", 2002
  • Erciyas, D.B. Wealth, aristocracy and royal propaganda under the Hellenistic kingdom of the Mithradatids in the Central Black Sea Region in Turkey, BRILL, 2006
  • Mayor, A. The Poison King: the life and legend of Mithradates, Rome’s deadliest enemy, Princeton University Press, 2009
  • Dakshveer Singh
[edit]
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Preceded by King of Pontus
c. 150 BC – 120 BC 		Succeeded by
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