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Coordinates: 51°37′59″N 0°40′52″W / 51.633°N 0.681°W / 51.633; -0.681
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{{Short description|Village in Buckinghamshire, England}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox UK place
{{Infobox UK place
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|region = South East England
|region = South East England
|country = England
|country = England
|constituency_westminster = [[Chesham & Amersham (UK Parliament constituency)|Chesham & Amersham]]
|constituency_westminster = [[Wycombe (UK Parliament constituency)| Wycombe]]
|post_town = [[High Wycombe]]
|post_town = [[High Wycombe]]
|postcode_district = HP10
|postcode_district = HP10
|postcode_area = HP
|postcode_area = HP
|dial_code = 01494
|dial_code = 01494
|website =
|website =
}}
}}

'''Penn''' is a village and [[civil parish]] in [[Buckinghamshire]], England, about {{convert|3|mi|km}} north-west of [[Beaconsfield]] and {{convert|4|mi|km}} east of [[High Wycombe]]. The parish's {{convert|3991|acres|ha}} cover Penn village and the hamlets of [[Beacon Hill, Buckinghamshire|Beacon Hill]], Penn Street, [[Knotty Green]] and [[Forty Green, Penn|Forty Green]], plus [[Winchmore Hill, Buckinghamshire|Winchmore Hill]].<ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=42552.]</ref> The population was estimated at 4,168 in 2019.<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/southeastengland/admin/buckinghamshire/E04001576__penn/ City Population. Retrieved 12 December 2020.]</ref>
'''Penn''' is a village and [[civil parish]] in [[Buckinghamshire]], England, about {{convert|3|mi|km}} north-west of [[Beaconsfield]] and {{convert|4|mi|km}} east of [[High Wycombe]]. The parish's {{convert|3991|acres|ha}} cover Penn village and the hamlets of Penn Street, [[Knotty Green]], [[Forty Green, Penn|Forty Green]] and [[Winchmore Hill, Buckinghamshire|Winchmore Hill]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/bucks/vol3/pp235-240|title=Parishes: Penn &#124; British History Online|website=British-history.ac.uk|access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref> The population was estimated at 4,168 in 2019.<ref>[https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/southeastengland/admin/buckinghamshire/E04001576__penn/ City Population]. Citypopulation.de, Retrieved 12 December 2020</ref>


==History==
==History==
The name is [[Brythonic languages|Brythonic]] in origin, comparable with the modern [[Welsh Language|Welsh]] typonym ''pen'', and may mean "hill top" or "end". Penn stands on a strong [[promontory]] of the [[Chiltern Hills]]. From the tower of [[Trinity|Holy Trinity]] Parish Church, it is claimed to be possible to see into several other counties.<ref>[https://www.chilternsaonb.org/uploads/files/AboutTheChilterns/People_and_History/PDFs/HolyTrinityChurchToBeaconHill.pdf. Retrieved 11 April 2021.]</ref> The parish contains a so-named [[Beacon Hill, Buckinghamshire|Beacon Hill]] with a signal post on it.
The name is [[Brittonic languages|Brittonic]] in origin, comparable with the modern [[Welsh Language|Welsh]] typonym ''pen'', and may mean "hill top" or "end". Penn stands on a strong [[promontory]] of the [[Chiltern Hills]]. From the tower of [[Trinity|Holy Trinity]] Parish Church, it is claimed to be possible to see into several other counties.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.chilternsaonb.org/uploads/files/AboutTheChilterns/People_and_History/PDFs/HolyTrinityChurchToBeaconHill.pdf|format=PDF|title=Penn village around Holy Trinity Church
|website=Chilternsaonb.org|access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref>


==The Penn family==
==Penn family==
Segraves [[Manorialism|Manor]], the principal seat in Penn, belonged to the Penn family. Sybil Penn, wife of David, was dry nurse and foster mother to [[Edward VI of England|King Edward VI]] and Lady of the Bed Chamber to his sister, [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]].
Segraves Manor, the principal seat in Penn, belonged to the Penn family. [[Sybil Penn]], wife of David, was dry nurse and foster mother to [[Edward VI of England|King Edward VI]] and Lady of the Bed Chamber to his sister, [[Elizabeth I of England|Queen Elizabeth I]].


The Penn estate directly benefited from the Slave Compensation Act of 1837. The family owned two plantations in Jamaica and a total of 210 individuals split between the Clarendon and the Oak plantations. The estate was awarded a total of 4095 pounds, the equivalent of half a million pound today.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.ucl.ac.uk/lbs/person/view/-828950852|title=Summary of Individual &#124; Legacies of British Slavery|website=Ucl.ac.uk|access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref>
⚫
The Penn family of Penn were unrelated to [[William Penn]] (after whose father, [[Admiral Sir William Penn]], [[Pennsylvania]] is named), whose family came from Wiltshire. In 1735 the manor of Penn, passed from the unmarried Roger Penn to his sole heir and sister, who was married to the 3rd Baronet Scarsdale, an ancestor of the Lords Curzon. However, Penbury Grove House was built in 1902 by the American engineer [[Horace Field Parshall]], as a replica of [[Pennsbury Manor]], William Penn's house in Pennsylvania, wrongly thinking that these Penns had a connection with Pennsylvania.

⚫
The Penn family of Penn were not known to be related to [[William Penn]] (after whose father, [[Admiral Sir William Penn]], [[Pennsylvania]] is named), whose family came from Wiltshire. In 1735 the manor of Penn passed from the unmarried Roger Penn to his sole heir and sister, who was married to the 3rd Baronet Scarsdale, an ancestor of the Lords Curzon. Penbury Grove House was built in 1902 by the American engineer [[Horace Field Parshall]] as a replica of [[Pennsbury Manor]], William Penn's house in Pennsylvania, Parshall wrongly thinking that these Penns shared a connection with Pennsylvania.


==Myth==
==Myth==
Penn is reputedly haunted by the ghost of an 18th-century farm labourer, who appears, laughing, on a phantom horse.<ref name=folkloremythslegends>{{Cite book |last=Ash |first=Russell |date=1973 |title=Folklore, Myths and Legends of Britain |publisher=Reader's Digest Association Ltd |page=274 |isbn=9780340165973}}</ref>
Penn is reputedly haunted by the ghost of an 18th-century farm labourer, who appears laughing, on a phantom horse.<ref name=folkloremythslegends>{{Cite book |last=Ash |first=Russell |date=1973 |title=Folklore, Myths and Legends of Britain |publisher=Reader's Digest Association Ltd |page=274 |isbn=9780340165973}}</ref>


==Commons and sports==
==Commons and sports==
Penn Street, [[Knotty Green]] and [[Forty Green, Penn|Forty Green]] are hamlets of the parish, each within a mile of the main village.
Penn Street, [[Knotty Green]] and [[Forty Green, Penn|Forty Green]] are hamlets in the parish, each within a mile of the main village.


Penn Street and Knotty Green have village commons, where the Penn Street and Knotty Green cricket clubs play.<ref>[http://www.pennstreetcc.co.uk/ Penn Street Cricket Club]; [http://www.knottygreencc.co.uk/.]</ref> The local [[pub]]s, ''The Squirrel'' in Penn Street and ''The Red Lion'' in Knotty Green, face their respective commons. Forty Green also has a [[pub]] – ''The Royal Standard of England''. Penn has a [[non-League football]] club, [[Penn & Tylers Green F.C.]], which plays at Elm Road.
Penn Street and Knotty Green have village commons, where the Penn Street and Knotty Green cricket clubs play.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pennstreetcc.co.uk/default.aspx|title=Penn Street Cricket Club : home|website=Pennstreetcc.co.uk|access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://knottygreencc.hitssports.com/|title=Home|website=Knottygreencc.hitssports.com|access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref> The local [[public house]]s, The Squirrel in Penn Street and The Red Lion in Knotty Green, face their respective commons. Forty Green also has a pub – The Royal Standard of England. Penn has a [[non-League football]] club, [[Penn & Tylers Green F.C.]], which plays at Elm Road.


==Penn today==
==Penn today==
The area is part of the Chiltern Hills and popular with people who work in London due to its proximity to road (junction 3 of the [[M40 motorway]] at [[Loudwater, Buckinghamshire|Loudwater]]) and rail (Mainline rail at [[Beaconsfield]] and [[London Underground]] at [[Amersham]]) links into the city.
The area is part of the Chiltern Hills and popular with people who commute to London due to its proximity to road junction 3 of the [[M40 motorway]] at [[Loudwater, Buckinghamshire|Loudwater]], mainline rail at [[Beaconsfield]] and [[London Underground]] at [[Amersham]], both linked with the city.


Penn remains home to [[Frederick Curzon, 7th Earl Howe|Earl Howe]] of the Penn-Curzon-Howe dynasty, which gained more wealth through the [[Inclosure Acts]], which gave legal property rights to land previously in communal use. In 1855, ownership of Common Wood and Penn Wood passed to the 1st Earl Howe, forcing many local people and their livestock off the land. This caused general unrest within the community.
Penn remains home to [[Frederick Curzon, 7th Earl Howe|Earl Howe]] of the Penn-Curzon-Howe dynasty, which gained more wealth through the [[Inclosure Acts]], which gave legal property rights to land previously in communal use. In 1855, ownership of Common Wood and Penn Wood passed to the 1st Earl Howe, forcing many local people and their livestock off the land. This caused general unrest within the community. For centuries, villagers had sustained themselves by grazing their animals on the common and gathering what they could from the land. When the woods became private property, many were plunged further into poverty. Years of unlawful protest followed, when poaching was rife and fences were pulled down as local people tried to retrieve what they deemed legitimately theirs.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/visiting-woods/woods/penn-wood/|title=Penn Wood|website=Woodland Trust|access-date=28 February 2022}}</ref>

For centuries, villagers had sustained themselves by grazing their animals on the common and gathering what they could from the land. When the woods became private property, many were plunged further into poverty. Years of unlawful protest followed, when poaching was rife and fences were pulled down as local people tried to retrieve what they deemed legitimately theirs.<ref>[https://www.woodlandtrust.org.uk/visiting-woods/wood-information/penn-and-common-woods/history/.]</ref>


Penn Street churchyard contains items from [[Gopsall]], Lord Howe's other country house in [[Leicestershire]]. The [[lychgate]] and Countess Howe memorial were moved from [[Congerstone]] in 1919, when the family sold the [[Gopsall]] Estate.
Penn Street churchyard contains items from [[Gopsall]], Lord Howe's other country house in [[Leicestershire]]. The [[lychgate]] and Countess Howe memorial were moved from [[Congerstone]] in 1919, when the family sold the [[Gopsall]] Estate.


==In popular culture==
⚫
The Cottage Bookshop in Penn was one of the locations for ''A Tale of Two Hamlets'', an episode of the [[ITV Network|ITV]] television programme, ''[[Midsomer Murders]]''. In addition, it was used to film an episode called "[[List of ChuckleVision episodes#Series 15:2002-2003|Bookshop Chuckles]]" in the children's television show [[ChuckleVision]]. The three-acre set for ''[[Nanny McPhee]]'' was also constructed there.
{{unreferenced section|date=November 2022}}
⚫
The Cottage Bookshop in Penn was one location in "A Tale of Two Hamlets", an episode of the [[ITV Network|ITV]] television programme, ''[[Midsomer Murders]]''. It was also used to film an episode called "[[List of ChuckleVision episodes#Series 15:2002-2003|Bookshop Chuckles]]" in the children's television show, ''[[ChuckleVision]]'', and the three-acre set for ''[[Nanny McPhee]]'' was constructed there.


==Notable people==
==Notable people==
The novelist [[Elizabeth Taylor (novelist)|Elizabeth Taylor]] died in Penn in 1975.
*The novelist [[Elizabeth Taylor (novelist)|Elizabeth Taylor]] died in Penn in 1975.
⚫
*Medical pioneers Dr [[Louisa Garrett Anderson]] (1873–1943), her partner Dr [[Flora Murray]] and the children's writer [[Alison Uttley]], author of the [[Little Grey Rabbit]] stories, are buried in the churchyard of Holy Trinity.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}}

⚫
*The actor and singer [[Stanley Holloway]] lived in Penn with his wife and son for many years in the 1950s and 1960s.<ref>{{Cite book |title= Wiv a little bit o' luck: The life story of Stanley Holloway |last=Holloway |first=Stanley |author2=Richards, Dick |year=1967 |publisher=Frewin |location=[[London]] |asin= B0000CNLM5 |oclc=3647363}} p. 322.</ref>
⚫
Medical pioneers Dr [[Louisa Garrett Anderson]] (1873–1943), her partner Dr [[Flora Murray]] and the children's writer [[Alison Uttley]], author of the [[Little Grey Rabbit]] stories, are buried in the churchyard of Holy Trinity.{{citation needed|date=April 2015}}
⚫
*The countertenor [[Michael Chance]] was born in the village.

⚫
*The renowned Scottish preacher [[Alexander Whyte]] (1836–1921) spent his last months in the village and preached his last sermon at the Free Methodist Chapel in Church Road.
⚫
The actor and singer [[Stanley Holloway]] lived in Penn with his wife and son for many years in the 1950s and 1960s.<ref>{{Cite book |title= Wiv a little bit o' luck: The life story of Stanley Holloway |last=Holloway |first=Stanley |author2=Richards, Dick |year=1967 |publisher=Frewin |location=[[London]] |asin= B0000CNLM5 |oclc=3647363 }} p. 322.</ref>
⚫
*[[Thomas Horder, 1st Baron Horder]], physician to the royal family (as was [[Bertrand Dawson, 1st Viscount Dawson of Penn]], who chose the village for the territorial designation of his peerage) lived in the village for several years.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}}

⚫
*David Blakely, murdered by [[Ruth Ellis]], lived on Hammersley Lane with his parents. Ellis was the last woman to be judicially executed in Britain.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 December 2003 |title=Is this the time to put this sorry story to rest? |first=Vince |last=Soodin |work=Bucks Free Press |access-date=2020-02-17 |url=https://www.bucksfreepress.co.uk/news/441799.is-this-the-time-to-put-this-sorry-story-to-rest/}}</ref>
TV presenter [[Gabby Logan]] and her husband [[Kenny Logan]] live in the village.
⚫
*Canadian author [[Margaret Laurence]] (1926–1987) lived in Elm Cottage on Beacon Hill in 1963–1973. It had been previously owned by the politician Sir Donald Maclean and Lady Maclean, parents of the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] spy [[Donald Maclean (spy)|Donald Maclean]].

*The princesses [[Sophia Singh|Sophia Duleep Singh]] (suffragette) and [[Catherine Hilda Duleep Singh]] (1876–1948), daughters of the [[Maharaja Duleep Singh]] (1871–1942) and [[Bamba Müller]], lived in Penn during World War II and hosted children evacuated from London as well as German Jewish refugees.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Anand |first=Anita |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/881092758 |title=Sophia : princess, suffragette, revolutionary |date= |publisher=Bloomsbury |year=2015 |isbn=9781632860811 |edition= |location=New York |oclc=881092758}}</ref>
⚫
The countertenor [[Michael Chance]] was born in the village.
*Food writer and TV chef [[Mary Berry]] (born 1935) lived in Penn for over 30 years up to 2019.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Magnus |first1=Emma |title=Mary Berry's former Buckinghamshire home on sale for £3.5 million |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/homesandproperty/celebrity-homes/mary-berrys-former-buckinghamshire-home-watercroft-on-sale-ps3-5-million-b1118551.html |website=Evening Standard |access-date=18 November 2023}}</ref>

*The philosopher [[Karl Popper]] made Penn his home after moving to the UK from New Zealand in 1946.ref>{{Cite web |last=Bondi |first=Herman |title=Obituary |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/371478a0.pdf}}</ref>
⚫
The renowned Scottish preacher [[Alexander Whyte]] (1836–1921) spent his last months in the village and preached his last sermon at the Free Methodist Chapel in Church Road.

⚫
[[Thomas Horder, 1st Baron Horder]], physician to the Royal Family (as was [[Bertrand Dawson, 1st Viscount Dawson of Penn]], who chose the village for the territorial designation of his peerage) lived in the village for several years.{{citation needed|date=March 2017}}

⚫
David Blakely, murdered by [[Ruth Ellis]], lived in the village with his parents. Ellis was the last woman to be judicially executed in Britain.<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 December 2003 |title=Is this the time to put this sorry story to rest? |first=Vince |last=Soodin |work=Bucks Free Press |access-date=2020-02-17 |url=https://www.bucksfreepress.co.uk/news/441799.is-this-the-time-to-put-this-sorry-story-to-rest/}}</ref>

⚫
Canadian author [[Margaret Laurence]] (1926–1987) lived in Elm Cottage on Beacon Hill between 1963 and 1973. The house was previously owned by the politician Sir Donald Maclean and Lady Maclean, parents of the spy the [[Soviet Union|Soviet]] spy [[Donald Maclean (spy)|Donald Maclean]]. In 1983, their son’s ashes were scattered in Holy Trinity churchyard.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|30em}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
Line 74: Line 73:
*[http://www.pennandtylersgreen.org.uk/ Penn and Tyler's Green Community and Village website] – run by the Penn & Tylers Green Residents' Society – this site contains news, events, photos and a village map and articles.
*[http://www.pennandtylersgreen.org.uk/ Penn and Tyler's Green Community and Village website] – run by the Penn & Tylers Green Residents' Society – this site contains news, events, photos and a village map and articles.
*[http://www.penntylersgreenfc.co.uk/ Penn and Tylers Green FC]
*[http://www.penntylersgreenfc.co.uk/ Penn and Tylers Green FC]

*[http://www.pennstreetcc.co.uk/ Penn Street Cricket Club]
*[http://www.knottygreencc.co.uk/ Knotty Green Cricket Club]


{{Chiltern}}
{{Chiltern}}

Latest revision as of 18:29, 28 November 2024

Penn
Holy Trinity parish church, Penn Street
Penn is located in Buckinghamshire
Penn
Penn
Location within Buckinghamshire
Population3,961 (2011 Census including Tylers Green)[1]
OS grid referenceSU912935
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townHigh Wycombe
Postcode districtHP10
Dialling code01494
PoliceThames Valley
FireBuckinghamshire
AmbulanceSouth Central
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Buckinghamshire
51°37′59″N 0°40′52″W / 51.633°N 0.681°W / 51.633; -0.681

Penn is a village and civil parish in Buckinghamshire, England, about 3 miles (4.8 km) north-west of Beaconsfield and 4 miles (6.4 km) east of High Wycombe. The parish's 3,991 acres (1,615 ha) cover Penn village and the hamlets of Penn Street, Knotty Green, Forty Green and Winchmore Hill.[2] The population was estimated at 4,168 in 2019.[3]

History

[edit]

The name is Brittonic in origin, comparable with the modern Welsh typonym pen, and may mean "hill top" or "end". Penn stands on a strong promontory of the Chiltern Hills. From the tower of Holy Trinity Parish Church, it is claimed to be possible to see into several other counties.[4]

Penn family

[edit]

Segraves Manor, the principal seat in Penn, belonged to the Penn family. Sybil Penn, wife of David, was dry nurse and foster mother to King Edward VI and Lady of the Bed Chamber to his sister, Queen Elizabeth I.

The Penn estate directly benefited from the Slave Compensation Act of 1837. The family owned two plantations in Jamaica and a total of 210 individuals split between the Clarendon and the Oak plantations. The estate was awarded a total of 4095 pounds, the equivalent of half a million pound today.[5]

The Penn family of Penn were not known to be related to William Penn (after whose father, Admiral Sir William Penn, Pennsylvania is named), whose family came from Wiltshire. In 1735 the manor of Penn passed from the unmarried Roger Penn to his sole heir and sister, who was married to the 3rd Baronet Scarsdale, an ancestor of the Lords Curzon. Penbury Grove House was built in 1902 by the American engineer Horace Field Parshall as a replica of Pennsbury Manor, William Penn's house in Pennsylvania, Parshall wrongly thinking that these Penns shared a connection with Pennsylvania.

Myth

[edit]

Penn is reputedly haunted by the ghost of an 18th-century farm labourer, who appears laughing, on a phantom horse.[6]

Commons and sports

[edit]

Penn Street, Knotty Green and Forty Green are hamlets in the parish, each within a mile of the main village.

Penn Street and Knotty Green have village commons, where the Penn Street and Knotty Green cricket clubs play.[7][8] The local public houses, The Squirrel in Penn Street and The Red Lion in Knotty Green, face their respective commons. Forty Green also has a pub – The Royal Standard of England. Penn has a non-League football club, Penn & Tylers Green F.C., which plays at Elm Road.

Penn today

[edit]

The area is part of the Chiltern Hills and popular with people who commute to London due to its proximity to road junction 3 of the M40 motorway at Loudwater, mainline rail at Beaconsfield and London Underground at Amersham, both linked with the city.

Penn remains home to Earl Howe of the Penn-Curzon-Howe dynasty, which gained more wealth through the Inclosure Acts, which gave legal property rights to land previously in communal use. In 1855, ownership of Common Wood and Penn Wood passed to the 1st Earl Howe, forcing many local people and their livestock off the land. This caused general unrest within the community. For centuries, villagers had sustained themselves by grazing their animals on the common and gathering what they could from the land. When the woods became private property, many were plunged further into poverty. Years of unlawful protest followed, when poaching was rife and fences were pulled down as local people tried to retrieve what they deemed legitimately theirs.[9]

Penn Street churchyard contains items from Gopsall, Lord Howe's other country house in Leicestershire. The lychgate and Countess Howe memorial were moved from Congerstone in 1919, when the family sold the Gopsall Estate.

[edit]

The Cottage Bookshop in Penn was one location in "A Tale of Two Hamlets", an episode of the ITV television programme, Midsomer Murders. It was also used to film an episode called "Bookshop Chuckles" in the children's television show, ChuckleVision, and the three-acre set for Nanny McPhee was constructed there.

Notable people

[edit]
  • The novelist Elizabeth Taylor died in Penn in 1975.
  • Medical pioneers Dr Louisa Garrett Anderson (1873–1943), her partner Dr Flora Murray and the children's writer Alison Uttley, author of the Little Grey Rabbit stories, are buried in the churchyard of Holy Trinity.[citation needed]
  • The actor and singer Stanley Holloway lived in Penn with his wife and son for many years in the 1950s and 1960s.[10]
  • The countertenor Michael Chance was born in the village.
  • The renowned Scottish preacher Alexander Whyte (1836–1921) spent his last months in the village and preached his last sermon at the Free Methodist Chapel in Church Road.
  • Thomas Horder, 1st Baron Horder, physician to the royal family (as was Bertrand Dawson, 1st Viscount Dawson of Penn, who chose the village for the territorial designation of his peerage) lived in the village for several years.[citation needed]
  • David Blakely, murdered by Ruth Ellis, lived on Hammersley Lane with his parents. Ellis was the last woman to be judicially executed in Britain.[11]
  • Canadian author Margaret Laurence (1926–1987) lived in Elm Cottage on Beacon Hill in 1963–1973. It had been previously owned by the politician Sir Donald Maclean and Lady Maclean, parents of the Soviet spy Donald Maclean.
  • The princesses Sophia Duleep Singh (suffragette) and Catherine Hilda Duleep Singh (1876–1948), daughters of the Maharaja Duleep Singh (1871–1942) and Bamba Müller, lived in Penn during World War II and hosted children evacuated from London as well as German Jewish refugees.[12]
  • Food writer and TV chef Mary Berry (born 1935) lived in Penn for over 30 years up to 2019.[13]
  • The philosopher Karl Popper made Penn his home after moving to the UK from New Zealand in 1946.ref>Bondi, Herman. "Obituary" (PDF).</ref>

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Neighbourhood Statistics 2011 Census Archived 21 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine, accessed 2 February 2013.
  2. ^ "Parishes: Penn | British History Online". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  3. ^ City Population. Citypopulation.de, Retrieved 12 December 2020
  4. ^ "Penn village around Holy Trinity Church" (PDF). Chilternsaonb.org. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  5. ^ "Summary of Individual | Legacies of British Slavery". Ucl.ac.uk. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  6. ^ Ash, Russell (1973). Folklore, Myths and Legends of Britain. Reader's Digest Association Ltd. p. 274. ISBN 9780340165973.
  7. ^ "Penn Street Cricket Club : home". Pennstreetcc.co.uk. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  8. ^ "Home". Knottygreencc.hitssports.com. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  9. ^ "Penn Wood". Woodland Trust. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  10. ^ Holloway, Stanley; Richards, Dick (1967). Wiv a little bit o' luck: The life story of Stanley Holloway. London: Frewin. ASIN B0000CNLM5. OCLC 3647363. p. 322.
  11. ^ Soodin, Vince (12 December 2003). "Is this the time to put this sorry story to rest?". Bucks Free Press. Retrieved 17 February 2020.
  12. ^ Anand, Anita (2015). Sophia : princess, suffragette, revolutionary. New York: Bloomsbury. ISBN 9781632860811. OCLC 881092758.
  13. ^ Magnus, Emma. "Mary Berry's former Buckinghamshire home on sale for £3.5 million". Evening Standard. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
[edit]
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