Jump to content

Louise Hippolyte, Princess of Monaco: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Reverted 1 edit by 84.69.159.22 (talk): Not you again
Tags: Twinkle Undo Reverted
→References: All other sovereigns on Wikipedia have the ancestry tree.
 
(38 intermediate revisions by 25 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Princess of Monaco in 1731}}
{{redirect-distinguish|Louise Hippolyte|Louis-Hippolyte}}
{{Infobox royalty
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Louise Hippolyte
| name = Louise Hippolyte
Line 8: Line 10:
| successor = [[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco|Jacques I]]
| successor = [[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco|Jacques I]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1697|11|10|df=y}}
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1697|11|10|df=y}}
| birth_place =[[Prince's Palace of Monaco|Prince's Palace]], [[Monaco]]
| birth_place =[[Prince's Palace of Monaco|Prince's Palace]], Monaco
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1731|12|29|1697|11|10|df=y}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1731|12|29|1697|11|10|df=y}}
| death_place =Prince's Palace, Monaco
| death_place =Prince's Palace, Monaco
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco]]|20 October 1715}}
| spouse = {{marriage|[[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco|Jacques Goyon, Count of Matignon]]<br>(later Prince of Monaco)|20 October 1715}}
| issue-link = #Issue
| issue-link = #Issue
| issue-pipe = Details...
| issue = {{Plainlist|
| issue = {{Plainlist|
* Prince Antoine, [[Marquis of Baux|Marquis des Baux]]
* Prince Antoine, [[Marquis of Baux]]
* [[Charlotte of Monaco (1719 – 1790)|Princess Charlotte]]
* [[Princess Charlotte of Monaco (1719–1790)|Princess Charlotte]]
* [[Honoré III, Prince of Monaco]]
* [[Honoré III, Prince of Monaco]]
* Prince Charles, Count of Carladés
* Prince Charles, Count of Carladés
Line 26: Line 27:
}}
}}
| father = [[Antonio I, Prince of Monaco]]
| father = [[Antonio I, Prince of Monaco]]
| mother = [[Marie of Lorraine|Marie de Lorraine-Armagnac]]
| mother = [[Marie of Lorraine]]
| house = [[House of Grimaldi|Grimaldi]]
| house = [[House of Grimaldi|Grimaldi]]
| place of burial = [[Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Monaco|Saint Nicholas Cathedral]]
| place of burial = [[Saint Nicholas Cathedral, Monaco|Saint Nicholas Cathedral]]
}}
}}
[[File:The Family of the Duke of Valentinois, Pierre Gobert.jpg|thumb|The Family of the Duke of Valentinois, Pierre Gobert]]
[[File:The Family of the Duke of Valentinois, Pierre Gobert.jpg|thumb|The Family of the Duke of Valentinois, Pierre Gobert]]
'''Louise Hippolyte''' (10 November 1697 – 29 December 1731) was one of only two women to rule [[Monaco]], reigning as [[List of rulers of Monaco|Princess of Monaco]] from 20 February 1731 until her death in December the same year.<ref name="edwards">Anne Edwards, ''The Grimaldis of Monaco'', 1992</ref>
'''Louise Hippolyte''' (10 November 1697 – 29 December 1731) was [[List of rulers of Monaco|Princess of Monaco]] from 20 February 1731 until her death in December that same year. She was one of only two women to rule [[Monaco]] (along with [[Claudine, Lady of Monaco|Lady Claudine]]).<ref name="edwards">Anne Edwards, ''The Grimaldis of Monaco'', 1992</ref>


==Biography==
==Biography==


Born at the [[Prince's Palace of Monaco|Prince's Palace]] in Monaco, she was the second daughter of [[Antonio I of Monaco]] and [[Marie of Lorraine|Marie de Lorraine-Armagnac]]. The second of six children born to her parents, she was the first of their children to survive infancy.<ref name="edwards" /> She had an elder sister, Caterina Charlotte (1691-1696) and four younger sisters, Elisabetta Charlotte (1698-1702), Margherita Camilla (1700–1758), Maria Devota (1702-1703) and Maria Paolina Theresa Devota Grimaldi (1708–1726).
Born at the [[Prince's Palace of Monaco|Prince's Palace]] in Monaco, Louise Hippolyte Grimaldi was the second daughter of [[Antonio I of Monaco]] and [[Marie of Lorraine|Marie de Lorraine-Armagnac]]. The second of six children born to her parents, she was the first of their children to survive infancy.<ref name="edwards" /> She had an elder sister, Caterina Charlotte (1691–1696), and four younger sisters, Elisabetta Charlotte (1698–1702), Margherita Camilla (1700–1758), Maria Devota (1702–1703) and Maria Paolina Theresa Devota (1708–1726).


Because she had no brothers, Louise Hippolyte became the heiress to the throne of Monaco. Her father decided, with the permission of [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]], that her future husband should assume the surname of ''Grimaldi'' and rule Monaco jointly with her.
Because she had no brothers, Louise Hippolyte became the heiress to the throne of Monaco. Her father decided, with the permission of [[Louis XIV]], that her future husband should assume the surname of ''Grimaldi'' and rule Monaco jointly with her.


===Marriage===
===Marriage===
Line 43: Line 44:
On 20 October 1715, at the age of eighteen, she married [[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco|Jacques François Goyon, Count de Matignon]], after his family had proposed him as a candidate. His candidacy was supported by King Louis XIV, who wanted to consolidate French influence in Monaco. Prior to this, Louise Hippolyte's father was eager to wed his daughter to a Grimaldi cousin. This marriage did not materialise due to the poor finances of the Grimaldis at the time.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}
On 20 October 1715, at the age of eighteen, she married [[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco|Jacques François Goyon, Count de Matignon]], after his family had proposed him as a candidate. His candidacy was supported by King Louis XIV, who wanted to consolidate French influence in Monaco. Prior to this, Louise Hippolyte's father was eager to wed his daughter to a Grimaldi cousin. This marriage did not materialise due to the poor finances of the Grimaldis at the time.{{citation needed|date=January 2013}}


Her parents came to be in conflict when the marriage of Louise Hippolyte was to be arranged in 1712. Antonio preferred Louise Hippolyte to marry the count de Roye, while Marie preferred the count de de Chatillon and, supported by her family, refused to consent to Antonio's candidate.<ref name="edwards" /> This resulted in a conflict which lasted for two years and caused the anger of Louis XIV.<ref name="edwards" /> Marie successfully convinced Louise Hippolyte to refuse her father's choice, which resulted in Antonio having Louise Hippolyte imprisoned in a convent. Marie left Monaco and travelled to Paris, where Antonio soon discovered that his plans for Louise Hippolyte were disliked at the French court, and he was forced to release her from prison and give up his plans to marry her to Roye.<ref name="edwards" /> Marie managed to get Antonio to agree to marry Louise Hippolyte to count de Matignon by suggesting Matignon through the Duchess de Lude. After the marriage of Louise and Matignon, Marie returned to Monaco. When Antonio found out that it was in fact Marie who had suggested Matignon, the relationship between Marie and Antonio further worsened.<ref name="edwards" />
Her parents came to be in conflict when the marriage of Louise Hippolyte was to be arranged in 1712. Antonio preferred Louise Hippolyte to marry the count de Roye, while Marie preferred the count de Chatillon and, supported by her family, refused to consent to Antonio's candidate.<ref name="edwards" /> This resulted in a conflict which lasted for two years and caused the anger of Louis XIV.<ref name="edwards" /> Marie successfully convinced Louise Hippolyte to refuse her father's choice, which resulted in Antonio having Louise Hippolyte imprisoned in a convent. Marie left Monaco and travelled to Paris, where Antonio soon discovered that his plans for Louise Hippolyte were disliked at the French court, and he was forced to release her from prison and give up his plans to marry her to Roye.<ref name="edwards" /> Marie managed to get Antonio to agree to marry Louise Hippolyte to count de Matignon by suggesting Matignon through the Duchess de Lude. After the marriage of Louise and Matignon, Marie returned to Monaco. When Antonio found out that it was in fact Marie who had suggested Matignon, the relationship between Marie and Antonio further worsened.<ref name="edwards" />


The conflict filled marriage of her parents was worsened because of their disagreement around Louise Hippolyte's marriage.<ref name="edwards" /> Louise Hippolyte and Jacques, who was troubled by this state of affairs, left Monaco after their marriage to reside in France, dividing their time between the royal court of Versailles, Paris and their estate in Normandy. The marriage was not happy; Louise Hippolyte was described as a shy and submissive personality, while Jacques openly flaunted his mistresses in the royal court at [[Palace of Versailles|Versailles]].<ref name="edwards" /> Louise Hippolyte and Jacques had nine children. After the death of her mother in 1724, Louise Hippolyte inherited a substantial fortune.
The conflict filled marriage of her parents was worsened because of their disagreement around Louise Hippolyte's marriage.<ref name="edwards" /> Louise Hippolyte and Jacques, who was troubled by this state of affairs, left Monaco after their marriage to reside in France, dividing their time between the royal court of Versailles, Paris and their estate in Normandy. The marriage was not happy; Louise Hippolyte was described as a shy and submissive personality, while Jacques openly flaunted his mistresses in the royal court at [[Versailles]].<ref name="edwards" /> Louise Hippolyte and Jacques had nine children. After the death of her mother in 1724, Louise Hippolyte inherited a substantial fortune.


===Reign===
===Reign===
After the death of her father on 20 February 1731, Louise Hippolyte traveled without her family from [[Paris]] to [[Monaco]] and received an enthusiastic reception from the populace upon her arrival on 4 April 1731. As was customary in the case of female monarchs, it had originally been the plan to proclaim Jacques as her joint co-regent. However, it became clear that the people of Monaco did not welcome a Frenchman as co-ruler of Monaco and would prefer Louise Hippolyte as their sole ruler.<ref name="edwards" /> Louise Hippolyte took advantage of this and took the oath as ruler of Monaco herself before Jacques had arrived, proclaiming herself as the sole ruler, and declared that no order or law issued would be legal without her signature.<ref name="edwards" /> It is believed that she did this to protect the rights of herself and her son against her husband's ambitions.<ref name="edwards" /> When Jacques joined her a little while later, the reception was much colder.<ref name="edwards" /> Finding himself without power, he soon returned to France. Princess Louise-Hippolyte ruled Monaco for seven months. She is described as a popular ruler during her short reign.<ref name="edwards" />
After the death of her father on 20 February 1731, Louise Hippolyte traveled without her family from [[Paris]] to [[Monaco]] and received an enthusiastic reception from the populace upon her arrival on 4 April 1731. As was customary in the case of female monarchs, it had originally been the plan to proclaim Jacques as her joint co-regent. However, it became clear that the people of Monaco did not welcome a Frenchman as co-ruler of Monaco and would prefer Louise Hippolyte as their sole ruler.<ref name="edwards" /> Louise Hippolyte took advantage of this and took the oath as ruler of Monaco herself before Jacques had arrived, proclaiming herself as the sole ruler, and declared that no order or law issued would be legal without her signature.<ref name="edwards" /> It is believed that she did this to protect the rights of herself and her son against her husband's ambitions.<ref name="edwards" /> When Jacques joined her a little while later, the reception was much colder.<ref name="edwards" /> Finding himself without power, he soon returned to France. Princess Louise-Hippolyte ruled Monaco for seven months. She is described as a popular ruler during her short reign.<ref name="edwards" />


At the end of 1731, Louise Hippolyte died of [[smallpox]]. Following her death, her husband took power in Monaco, her son being a minor. Jacques neglected the affairs of Monaco and had to leave the country in May 1732. His ambition was to be declared regent until his son reached the age of 25, after which his son should abdicate his throne to him, but this was not accepted in Monaco. He abdicated in favor of their son, [[Honoré III, Prince of Monaco|Honoré]], the next year.
At the end of 1731, Louise Hippolyte died of [[smallpox]]. Following her death, her husband took power in Monaco, her son being a minor. Jacques neglected the affairs of Monaco and had to leave the country in May 1732. His ambition was to be declared regent until his son reached the age of 25, after which his son should abdicate his throne to him, but this was not accepted in Monaco.

Jacques abdicated in favor of his son [[Honoré III, Prince of Monaco|Honoré]] on November 7, 1733.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Edwards |first=Anne |authorlink=Anne Edwards|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GDoRAQAAMAAJ&q=November+7%2C+1733 |title=The Grimaldis of Monaco |date=1992 |publisher=Morrow |isbn=978-0-688-08837-8 |language=en|page=59}}</ref>


==Issue==
==Issue==
* Antoine Charles Marie (16 December 1717 – 4 February 1718), ''Marquis des Baux and Count de Matignon''.
* Antoine Charles Marie (16 December 1717 – 4 February 1718), ''Marquis des Baux and Count de Matignon'', died in infancy.
* [[Charlotte of Monaco (1719 – 1790)|Charlotte Thérèse Nathalie]] (19 March 1719 – 1790), nun at the Convent of Visitation at Paris.
* [[Princess Charlotte of Monaco (1719–1790)|Charlotte Thérèse Nathalie]] (19 March 1719 – 1790), nun at the Convent of [[Order of the Visitation of Holy Mary|Visitation]] at Paris.
* [[Honoré III, Prince of Monaco|Honoré III Camille Léonor]] (10 November 1720 – 21 March 1795), successor of his parents.
* [[Honoré III, Prince of Monaco|Honoré III Camille Léonor]] (10 November 1720 – 21 March 1795), successor of his parents.
* Charles Marie Auguste (1 January 1722 – 24 August 1749), ''Count de Carladés and de Matignon''.
* Charles Marie Auguste (1 January 1722 – 24 August 1749), ''Count de Carladés and de Matignon'' died aged 27, unmarried and without issue.
* Jacques (9 June 1723 – June 1723).
* Jacques (9 June 1723 – 10 June 1723) died in infancy.
* Louise Françoise (15 July 1724 – 15 September 1729), ''Mademoiselle des Baux''.
* Louise Françoise (15 July 1724 – 15 September 1729), ''Mademoiselle des Baux'', died in childhood.
* François Charles (4 February 1726 – 9 December 1743), ''Count of Thorigny''.
* François Charles (4 February 1726 – 9 December 1743), ''Count of Thorigny'', died aged 17 unmarried and without issue.
* Charles Maurice (14 May 1727 – 18 January 1798), ''Count de Valentinois''; married on 10 November 1749 to Marie Christine Chrétienne de Rouvrois; no issue.
* Charles Maurice (14 May 1727 – 18 January 1798), ''Count de Valentinois''; married on 10 November 1749 to Marie Christine Chrétienne de Rouvrois; no issue.
* Marie Françoise Thérése (20 July 1728 – 20 June 1743), ''Mademoiselle d'Estouteville''.
* Marie Françoise Thérése (20 July 1728 – 20 June 1743), ''Mademoiselle d'Estouteville'', died unmarried and without issue.


==Ancestors==
==Ancestors==
Line 79: Line 82:
|7= 7. Catherine de Neufville de Villeroy
|7= 7. Catherine de Neufville de Villeroy
|8= 8. [[Ercole of Monaco|Hercules of Monaco]]
|8= 8. [[Ercole of Monaco|Hercules of Monaco]]
|9= 9. [[Maria Aurelia Spinola]]
|9= 9. Maria Aurelia Spinola
|10= 10. [[Antoine III de Gramont|Antoine, Duke de Gramont]]
|10= 10. [[Antoine III de Gramont|Antoine, Duke de Gramont]]
|11= 11. Françoise Marguerite du Plessis de Chivré
|11= 11. Françoise Marguerite du Plessis de Chivré
Line 111: Line 114:
{{succession box |
{{succession box |
before= [[Antonio I, Prince of Monaco|Antonio I]] |
before= [[Antonio I, Prince of Monaco|Antonio I]] |
title= [[Prince of Monaco|Sovereign Princess of Monaco]] |
title= [[Sovereign Princess of Monaco]] |
years= 1731 |
years= 1731 |
after= [[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco|Jacques I]] | }}
after= [[Jacques I, Prince of Monaco|Jacques I]] | }}
Line 120: Line 123:
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Louise-Hippolyte, Princess Of Monaco}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Louise-Hippolyte, Princess Of Monaco}}
[[Category:1697 births]]
[[Category:1697 births]]
[[Category:1731 deaths]]
[[Category:1731 deaths]]
[[Category:18th-century Princes of Monaco]]
[[Category:18th-century princes of Monaco]]
[[Category:18th-century women rulers]]
[[Category:18th-century women rulers]]
[[Category:17th-century French people]]
[[Category:17th-century French people]]
Line 129: Line 133:
[[Category:17th-century French women]]
[[Category:17th-century French women]]
[[Category:18th-century French women]]
[[Category:18th-century French women]]
[[Category:Princes of Monaco]]
[[Category:Hereditary princesses of Monaco]]
⚫
[[Category:Hereditary Princesses of Monaco]]
[[Category:House of Grimaldi]]
[[Category:House of Grimaldi]]
[[Category:Monegasque princesses]]
[[Category:Monegasque princesses]]
[[Category:Burials at the Cathedral of Our Lady Immaculate]]
[[Category:Burials at the Cathedral of Our Lady Immaculate]]
[[Category:Deaths from smallpox]]
[[Category:Deaths from smallpox]]
[[Category:Daughters of princes regnant]]

⚫
[[Category:Princesses regnant]]
{{Monaco-bio-stub}}

Latest revision as of 23:16, 28 November 2024

"Louise Hippolyte" redirects here. Not to be confused with Louis-Hippolyte.
Louise Hippolyte
Portrait by Jean-Baptiste Santerre
Princess of Monaco
Reign20 February 1731 –
29 December 1731
PredecessorAntoine I
SuccessorJacques I
Born(1697-11-10)10 November 1697
Prince's Palace, Monaco
Died29 December 1731(1731-12-29) (aged 34)
Prince's Palace, Monaco
Burial
Saint Nicholas Cathedral
Spouse
Jacques Goyon, Count of Matignon
(later Prince of Monaco)
​
​
(m. 1715)​
Issue
Detail
HouseGrimaldi
FatherAntonio I, Prince of Monaco
MotherMarie of Lorraine
The Family of the Duke of Valentinois, Pierre Gobert

Louise Hippolyte (10 November 1697 – 29 December 1731) was Princess of Monaco from 20 February 1731 until her death in December that same year. She was one of only two women to rule Monaco (along with Lady Claudine).[1]

Biography

[edit]

Born at the Prince's Palace in Monaco, Louise Hippolyte Grimaldi was the second daughter of Antonio I of Monaco and Marie de Lorraine-Armagnac. The second of six children born to her parents, she was the first of their children to survive infancy.[1] She had an elder sister, Caterina Charlotte (1691–1696), and four younger sisters, Elisabetta Charlotte (1698–1702), Margherita Camilla (1700–1758), Maria Devota (1702–1703) and Maria Paolina Theresa Devota (1708–1726).

Because she had no brothers, Louise Hippolyte became the heiress to the throne of Monaco. Her father decided, with the permission of Louis XIV, that her future husband should assume the surname of Grimaldi and rule Monaco jointly with her.

Marriage

[edit]

On 20 October 1715, at the age of eighteen, she married Jacques François Goyon, Count de Matignon, after his family had proposed him as a candidate. His candidacy was supported by King Louis XIV, who wanted to consolidate French influence in Monaco. Prior to this, Louise Hippolyte's father was eager to wed his daughter to a Grimaldi cousin. This marriage did not materialise due to the poor finances of the Grimaldis at the time.[citation needed]

Her parents came to be in conflict when the marriage of Louise Hippolyte was to be arranged in 1712. Antonio preferred Louise Hippolyte to marry the count de Roye, while Marie preferred the count de Chatillon and, supported by her family, refused to consent to Antonio's candidate.[1] This resulted in a conflict which lasted for two years and caused the anger of Louis XIV.[1] Marie successfully convinced Louise Hippolyte to refuse her father's choice, which resulted in Antonio having Louise Hippolyte imprisoned in a convent. Marie left Monaco and travelled to Paris, where Antonio soon discovered that his plans for Louise Hippolyte were disliked at the French court, and he was forced to release her from prison and give up his plans to marry her to Roye.[1] Marie managed to get Antonio to agree to marry Louise Hippolyte to count de Matignon by suggesting Matignon through the Duchess de Lude. After the marriage of Louise and Matignon, Marie returned to Monaco. When Antonio found out that it was in fact Marie who had suggested Matignon, the relationship between Marie and Antonio further worsened.[1]

The conflict filled marriage of her parents was worsened because of their disagreement around Louise Hippolyte's marriage.[1] Louise Hippolyte and Jacques, who was troubled by this state of affairs, left Monaco after their marriage to reside in France, dividing their time between the royal court of Versailles, Paris and their estate in Normandy. The marriage was not happy; Louise Hippolyte was described as a shy and submissive personality, while Jacques openly flaunted his mistresses in the royal court at Versailles.[1] Louise Hippolyte and Jacques had nine children. After the death of her mother in 1724, Louise Hippolyte inherited a substantial fortune.

Reign

[edit]

After the death of her father on 20 February 1731, Louise Hippolyte traveled without her family from Paris to Monaco and received an enthusiastic reception from the populace upon her arrival on 4 April 1731. As was customary in the case of female monarchs, it had originally been the plan to proclaim Jacques as her joint co-regent. However, it became clear that the people of Monaco did not welcome a Frenchman as co-ruler of Monaco and would prefer Louise Hippolyte as their sole ruler.[1] Louise Hippolyte took advantage of this and took the oath as ruler of Monaco herself before Jacques had arrived, proclaiming herself as the sole ruler, and declared that no order or law issued would be legal without her signature.[1] It is believed that she did this to protect the rights of herself and her son against her husband's ambitions.[1] When Jacques joined her a little while later, the reception was much colder.[1] Finding himself without power, he soon returned to France. Princess Louise-Hippolyte ruled Monaco for seven months. She is described as a popular ruler during her short reign.[1]

At the end of 1731, Louise Hippolyte died of smallpox. Following her death, her husband took power in Monaco, her son being a minor. Jacques neglected the affairs of Monaco and had to leave the country in May 1732. His ambition was to be declared regent until his son reached the age of 25, after which his son should abdicate his throne to him, but this was not accepted in Monaco.

Jacques abdicated in favor of his son Honoré on November 7, 1733.[2]

Issue

[edit]
  • Antoine Charles Marie (16 December 1717 – 4 February 1718), Marquis des Baux and Count de Matignon, died in infancy.
  • Charlotte Thérèse Nathalie (19 March 1719 – 1790), nun at the Convent of Visitation at Paris.
  • Honoré III Camille Léonor (10 November 1720 – 21 March 1795), successor of his parents.
  • Charles Marie Auguste (1 January 1722 – 24 August 1749), Count de Carladés and de Matignon died aged 27, unmarried and without issue.
  • Jacques (9 June 1723 – 10 June 1723) died in infancy.
  • Louise Françoise (15 July 1724 – 15 September 1729), Mademoiselle des Baux, died in childhood.
  • François Charles (4 February 1726 – 9 December 1743), Count of Thorigny, died aged 17 unmarried and without issue.
  • Charles Maurice (14 May 1727 – 18 January 1798), Count de Valentinois; married on 10 November 1749 to Marie Christine Chrétienne de Rouvrois; no issue.
  • Marie Françoise Thérése (20 July 1728 – 20 June 1743), Mademoiselle d'Estouteville, died unmarried and without issue.

Ancestors

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Anne Edwards, The Grimaldis of Monaco, 1992
  2. ^ Edwards, Anne (1992). The Grimaldis of Monaco. Morrow. p. 59. ISBN 978-0-688-08837-8.
Regnal titles
Preceded by Sovereign Princess of Monaco
1731 		Succeeded by
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Louise Hippolyte, Princess of Monaco.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Louise_Hippolyte,_Princess_of_Monaco&oldid=1260116005"