Shelomo Bekhor Ḥutzin: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|19th century rabbi}} |
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'''Rabbi Shelomo Bekhor Hussein''' (Rashba”h, 1843-1892; sometimes written "Hotzin" due to [[Modern Hebrew]] pronunciation norms) was a legal decisor, liturgical poet, journalist, translator, and printing house owner who was one of the outstanding Babylonian rabbis in the second half of the 19th century. |
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{{Not to be confused with|Shlomo ibn Aderet|text=the 13th century rabbi, [[Shlomo ibn Aderet]], known as the Rashba}} |
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Rabbi '''Shelomo Bekhor Ḥutzin''' ({{langx|he|שלמה בכור חוצין}}; 1843, [[Baghdad]] – 1892, Baghdad), also known as the '''Rashbaḥ''', was an Baghdadi Jewish ''[[posek]]'', liturgical poet, journalist, translator, and publisher. |
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== Biography == |
== Biography == |
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Shelomo Bekhor Ḥutzin was born to a prominent rabbinic family in Baghdad, [[Ottoman Iraq]], a descendant of Rabbi Sadqa Bekhor Hussein (1699–1743), author of the work ''Sedaka Umishpat''.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} He studied at the [[Midrash Bet Zilkha]] under Rabbi [[Abdallah Somekh]].{{Sfn|Ḥaḳaḳ|2009|p=137}} |
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| ⚫ | Ḥutzin had wide-ranging interests and engaged in a diversity of activities in his life. He wrote regularly for the contemporary Hebrew press, including periodicals that were published in Baghdad, India, Ottoman Palestine, and Eastern Europe. Over the years he wrote more than 150 articles for various newspapers, such as ''{{ill|Le Libanon|he|הלבנון}}'', ''[[Hamagid]]'', ''[[Ha-Tsefirah]]'', ''{{ill|Habatzeleth|he|חבצלת (כתב עת)}}'', ''[[Hadover]]'' (Baghdad), ''[[Hamevaser]]'' (Calcutta), and others.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} His articles covered topics such as Jewish communal life in Iraq, Kurdistan, and Persia; as well as Jewish law, ethics, culture, world politics, and current events. His articles are a vital primary source on the cultural life and travails of the Jews of Iraq and Iran in his day. Over the years he also translated several works from Hebrew to [[Judeo-Arabic]], including sections of the [[Haggadah|Passover Haggada]] and the [[Siddur]].{{Sfn|Ḥaḳaḳ|2009|p=138}} |
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| ⚫ | In 1867 he founded a Hebrew press in Baghdad (the third such enterprise in the city). This publishing house continued to function through his son even after his death. Among the books he published were anthologies of stories of ethical and personal development that he collected himself. He also invested in securing subscriptions for various Hebrew periodicals (like ''[[Hamagid]]'') among Baghdadi Jews. Rabbi Hussein dreamed of establishing a bilingual journal in Hebrew and Arabic in Baghdad but was unable to secure permission for such a project from the [[Ottoman Sultanate]].{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} |
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Shelomo Bekhor Hussein was born in Baghdad in 1843 to a connected rabbinic family. One of his ancestors was Rabbi [[Sadqa Bekhor Hussein]] (1699-1743), author of the work [http://www.hebrewbooks.org/1230 “Sedaka Umishpat.”] |
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| ⚫ | Ḥutzin served as principal of the Midrash Talmud Torah in Baghdad, and as a [[Talmud]] teacher at the [[Alliance Israélite Universelle]] school. As a ''posek'' he ruled on Halakhic questions from across Iraq, from the Baghdadi community in India, and from other countries.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} |
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Hussein was one of the students of Rabbi [[Abdallah Somekh]] and learned in his yeshiva, the [[Midrash Bet Zilkha]]. |
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In 1874, Ḥutzin began publishing in the first Polish Jewish newspaper, ''[[Ha-Tsfira]]'', in which he eventually published more than 40 articles.{{Sfn|Ḥaḳaḳ|2009|p=143}} |
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==Partial bibliography== |
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== References == |
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| ⚫ | In 1867 he founded a Hebrew press in Baghdad (the third such enterprise in the city). This publishing house continued to function through his son even after his death. Among the books he published were anthologies of stories of ethical and personal development that he collected himself. He also invested in securing subscriptions for various Hebrew periodicals (like [[Hamagid]]) among Baghdadi Jews. Rabbi Hussein dreamed of establishing a bilingual journal in Hebrew and Arabic in Baghdad but was unable to secure permission for such a project from the [[Ottoman Sultanate]]. |
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{{Reflist}} |
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=== Bibliography === |
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Over the years he translated several works from Hebrew to [[Judeo-Arabic]], including sections of the [[Haggadah | Passover Haggada]] and the [[Siddur]]. |
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* {{Cite book |last=Ḥaḳaḳ |first=Lev |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J5JW6p-RPCIC |title=The Emergence of Modern Hebrew Literature in Babylon from 1735-1950 |date=2009 |publisher=Purdue University Press |isbn=978-1-55753-514-6 |language=en}} |
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He passed away in 1892 at age 49, in his native Baghdad. |
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== Further |
=== Further reading === |
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*[[Lev Hakak]]. The Collected Essays of Rabbi Shelomo Bekhor Hussein. Hakkibutz Hameuchad, 2005, 300 pp. |
*[[Lev Hakak]]. The Collected Essays of Rabbi Shelomo Bekhor Hussein. Hakkibutz Hameuchad, 2005, 300 pp. |
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*[[Yona Sabar]]. "The Arabic of Haham Shelomo Bekhor Hussein: A Baghdadi Maskil (1843-1892)." Hador [1] (2007) pp. |
*[[Yona Sabar]]. "The Arabic of Haham Shelomo Bekhor Hussein: A Baghdadi Maskil (1843-1892)." Hador [1] (2007) pp. 125–131. |
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*Yitzhak Avishur. [http://www.ybz.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/Article_59.8(1).pdf "Points in the Folkloric Creativity of Three Babylonian Rabbis in the Second Half of the 19th Century."] Pe'amim 59 (Spring 1994) pp. |
*Yitzhak Avishur. [http://www.ybz.org.il/_Uploads/dbsAttachedFiles/Article_59.8(1).pdf "Points in the Folkloric Creativity of Three Babylonian Rabbis in the Second Half of the 19th Century."] Pe'amim 59 (Spring 1994) pp. 105–123. |
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== External Links == |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Hussein, Shelomo Bekhor}} |
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[[Category:1843 births]] |
[[Category:1843 births]] |
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[[Category:1892 deaths]] |
[[Category:1892 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Sephardi rabbis]] |
[[Category:Sephardi rabbis]] |
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[[Category:19th-century rabbis from Ottoman Iraq]] |
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[[Category:Rabbis from Baghdad]] |
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[[Category:Iraqi Jews]] |
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[[Category:People from Baghdad]] |
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[[Category:Writers from Baghdad]] |
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Latest revision as of 07:05, 29 November 2024
Rabbi Shelomo Bekhor Ḥutzin (Hebrew: שלמה בכור חוצין; 1843, Baghdad – 1892, Baghdad), also known as the Rashbaḥ, was an Baghdadi Jewish posek, liturgical poet, journalist, translator, and publisher.
Biography
[edit]Shelomo Bekhor Ḥutzin was born to a prominent rabbinic family in Baghdad, Ottoman Iraq, a descendant of Rabbi Sadqa Bekhor Hussein (1699–1743), author of the work Sedaka Umishpat.[citation needed] He studied at the Midrash Bet Zilkha under Rabbi Abdallah Somekh.[1]
Ḥutzin had wide-ranging interests and engaged in a diversity of activities in his life. He wrote regularly for the contemporary Hebrew press, including periodicals that were published in Baghdad, India, Ottoman Palestine, and Eastern Europe. Over the years he wrote more than 150 articles for various newspapers, such as Le Libanon, Hamagid, Ha-Tsefirah, Habatzeleth, Hadover (Baghdad), Hamevaser (Calcutta), and others.[citation needed] His articles covered topics such as Jewish communal life in Iraq, Kurdistan, and Persia; as well as Jewish law, ethics, culture, world politics, and current events. His articles are a vital primary source on the cultural life and travails of the Jews of Iraq and Iran in his day. Over the years he also translated several works from Hebrew to Judeo-Arabic, including sections of the Passover Haggada and the Siddur.[2]
In 1867 he founded a Hebrew press in Baghdad (the third such enterprise in the city). This publishing house continued to function through his son even after his death. Among the books he published were anthologies of stories of ethical and personal development that he collected himself. He also invested in securing subscriptions for various Hebrew periodicals (like Hamagid) among Baghdadi Jews. Rabbi Hussein dreamed of establishing a bilingual journal in Hebrew and Arabic in Baghdad but was unable to secure permission for such a project from the Ottoman Sultanate.[citation needed]
Ḥutzin served as principal of the Midrash Talmud Torah in Baghdad, and as a Talmud teacher at the Alliance Israélite Universelle school. As a posek he ruled on Halakhic questions from across Iraq, from the Baghdadi community in India, and from other countries.[citation needed]
In 1874, Ḥutzin began publishing in the first Polish Jewish newspaper, Ha-Tsfira, in which he eventually published more than 40 articles.[3]
Partial bibliography
[edit]- Passover Haggada, Leghorn 1887
- Ma'ase Nisim, Baghdad 1889
- Ma'asim Tobim, Baghdad 1889
- Ma'asim Mefo'arim, Baghdad 1890
References
[edit]- ^ Ḥaḳaḳ 2009, p. 137.
- ^ Ḥaḳaḳ 2009, p. 138.
- ^ Ḥaḳaḳ 2009, p. 143.
Bibliography
[edit]- Ḥaḳaḳ, Lev (2009). The Emergence of Modern Hebrew Literature in Babylon from 1735-1950. Purdue University Press. ISBN 978-1-55753-514-6.
Further reading
[edit]- Lev Hakak. The Collected Essays of Rabbi Shelomo Bekhor Hussein. Hakkibutz Hameuchad, 2005, 300 pp.
- Yona Sabar. "The Arabic of Haham Shelomo Bekhor Hussein: A Baghdadi Maskil (1843-1892)." Hador [1] (2007) pp. 125–131.
- Yitzhak Avishur. "Points in the Folkloric Creativity of Three Babylonian Rabbis in the Second Half of the 19th Century." Pe'amim 59 (Spring 1994) pp. 105–123.
