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{{short description|Spanish diplomat}}
{{short description|19th-century Spanish general and statesman}}
{{Spanish name|Narváez|Campos}}
{{family name hatnote|Narváez|Campos|lang=Spanish}}
{{Infobox officeholder
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Ramón María Narváez
|name = The Duke of Valencia
|image = Ramon Maria Narvaez.jpg
|image = General Narváez 1860.jpg
|imagesize =
|imagesize =
|alt =
|alt =
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|predecessor = [[Luis Gonzalez-Bravo y Lopez de Arjona|Luis Gonzalez-Bravo]]
|predecessor = [[Luis Gonzalez-Bravo y Lopez de Arjona|Luis Gonzalez-Bravo]]
|successor = [[Manuel Pando Fernandez de Pinedo, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores|Manuel Pando]]
|successor = [[Manuel Pando Fernandez de Pinedo, 2nd Marquis of Miraflores|Manuel Pando]]
|birth_date =
|birth_date = 5 August 1800
|birth_place = [[Loja, Granada|Loja]], [[History of Spain (1810–1873)|Spain]]
|birth_place =
|death_date =
|death_date = 23 April 1868 (aged 67)
|death_place =
|death_place = [[Madrid]], Spain
|restingplace =
|restingplace =
|restingplacecoordinates =
|restingplacecoordinates =
|birthname = Ramon María Narváez y Campos
|birthname = Ramon María Narváez y Campos
|nationality = [[Spain|Spanish]]
|nationality = [[Spain|Spanish]]
|party =
|party = [[Moderate Party (Spain)|Moderate Party]]
|otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations-->
|otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations-->
|spouse =
|spouse = Marie Alexandrine de Tascher (m. 1844)
|relations =
|relations =
|children =
|children =
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<!--Military service-->
<!--Military service-->
|nickname =
|nickname =
|allegiance = [[File:Flag of Spain (1785–1873, 1875–1931).svg|16px]] Spain
|allegiance =
|branch =
|branch =
|serviceyears =
|serviceyears =
|rank =
|rank = [[General officer|General]]
|unit =
|unit =
|commands =
|commands =
|battles =
|battles = [[First Carlist War]]
|awards =
|awards =
|military_blank1 =
|military_blank1 =
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|honorific_suffix=[[Grandee|GE]] [[Legion of Honour|LH]]
|honorific_suffix=[[Grandee|GE]] [[Legion of Honour|LH]]
}}
}}
''' Ramón María Narváez y Campos, 1st Duke of Valencia''' (5 August 1800{{spaced ndash}}23 April 1868) was a Spanish general and statesman who served as [[Prime Minister of Spain|Prime Minister]] on several occasions during the [[Reign of Isabella II of Spain|Reign of Isabella II]]. He was also known in Spain as '''''El Espadón de Loja''''',<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://repositorio.comillas.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11531/6506/sss.pdf?sequence=1|title=Mujer y Constitución Española|first=Mª Luisa|last=Balaguer|journal=Crítica|issn=1131-6497|volume=62|issue=979|date=2012|page=33}}</ref> "The Big Sword of Loja".
''' Ramón María Narváez y Campos, 1st Duke of Valencia''' (5 August 1800{{spaced ndash}}23 April 1868) was a Spanish general and statesman who served as [[Prime Minister of Spain|Prime Minister]] on several occasions during the [[Reign of Isabella II of Spain|reign of Isabella II]]. He was also known in Spain as '''''El Espadón de Loja''''',<ref>{{Cite journal|url=https://repositorio.comillas.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/11531/6506/sss.pdf?sequence=1|title=Mujer y Constitución Española|first=Mª Luisa|last=Balaguer|journal=Crítica|issn=1131-6497|volume=62|issue=979|date=2012|page=33}}</ref> "The Big Sword of Loja".


==Biography==
==Biography==
He was born at [[Loja, Granada|Loja]], [[Granada (province)|Granada]], a son of José María de Narváez y Porcel, 1st Count of [[Cañada Alta]], and wife María Ramona de Campos y Mateos.<ref>http://www.geneall.net/H/per_page.php?id=467902</ref> He entered the army at an early age, and saw active service under [[Francisco Espoz y Mina]] in [[Catalonia]] in 1822.
He was born at [[Loja, Granada|Loja]], [[Granada (province)|Granada]], a son of José María de Narváez y Porcel, 1st Count of [[Cañada Alta]], and wife María Ramona de Campos y Mateos.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.geneall.net/H/per_page.php?id=467902 | title=Ramón María Narváez y Campo, 1. Duque de Valencia, * 1800 &#124; Geneall.net }}</ref> He entered the army at an early age, and saw active service under [[Francisco Espoz y Mina]] in [[Catalonia]] in 1822.


He was in his sympathies a Conservative, and could not fully support the Radical opposition to [[Ferdinand VII of Spain|Ferdinand VII]], whom he served after his restoration. When the king died in 1833, Narváez became one of the Conservative supporters of [[Isabel II of Spain|Isabel II]].
He was in his sympathies a Conservative, and could not fully support the Radical opposition to [[Ferdinand VII of Spain|Ferdinand VII]], whom he served after his restoration. When the king died in 1833, Narváez became one of the Conservative supporters of [[Isabel II of Spain|Isabel II]].
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He was the 58th [[Grand Cross]] of the [[Order of the Tower and Sword]] in 1848.
He was the 58th [[Grand Cross]] of the [[Order of the Tower and Sword]] in 1848.


His ministry succeeded that of General [[Leopoldo O'Donnell, Duke of Tetuan|Leopoldo O'Donnell]] for a short time as 45th Prime Minister between 12 October 1856 and 15 October 1856, and he again returned to power for a few months as 52nd Prime Minister between 16 September 1864 and 19 May 1865. He once more replaced O'Donnell as the 54th Prime Minister on 11 July 1866, and was still in office when he died at [[Madrid]] on 22 April/23 April 1868. On his deathbed, he was asked to forgive his enemies. His answer would become infamous, as he stated "I don't need to forgive my enemies — I have had them all shot."<ref>[https://books.google.nl/books?id=E1y8DAAAQBAJ&pg=PT118&lpg=PT118&dq=Ramon+Maria+Narvaez+last+words&source=bl&ots=2eHv66p4ks&sig=JTin557JFcuVyYrAScdvBosmO9s&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiSvP-Drd7YAhXLa1AKHVtnDMs4ChDoAQgoMAA#v=onepage&q=Ramon%20Maria%20Narvaez%20last%20words&f=false, Grave Tidings: An Anthology of Famous Last Words], Paul Berra, {{ISBN|1785901028}}</ref>
His ministry succeeded that of General [[Leopoldo O'Donnell, Duke of Tetuan|Leopoldo O'Donnell]] for a short time as 45th Prime Minister between 12 October 1856 and 15 October 1856, and he again returned to power for a few months as 52nd Prime Minister between 16 September 1864 and 19 May 1865. He once more replaced O'Donnell as the 54th Prime Minister on 11 July 1866, and was still in office when he died at [[Madrid]] on 22 April/23 April 1868. On his deathbed, he was asked to forgive his enemies. His answer would become infamous, as he stated "I don't need to forgive my enemies — I have had them all shot."<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=E1y8DAAAQBAJ&q=Ramon+Maria+Narvaez+last+words%2C&pg=PT118 Grave Tidings: An Anthology of Famous Last Words], Paul Berra, {{ISBN|1785901028}}</ref>


He married French Marie Alexandrine de Tascher, 369th [[knight|Dame]] of the Royal Order of Queen Maria Luisa on 22 July 1844.
He married French Marie Alexandrine de Tascher, 369th [[knight|Dame]] of the Royal Order of Queen Maria Luisa on 22 July 1844.
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== Honours ==
== Honours ==
* {{flagicon image|Flag of France (1794–1815, 1830–1958).svg}} France: Grand Cross of the [[Legion of Honour]]
before 1844
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Portugal (1830–1910).svg}} Portugal: Grand Cross of the [[Military Order of the Tower and Sword]]
* Grand Cross [[Legion of Honour]].
* Knight grand Cross in the [[Order of Charles III]].
* {{flagcountry|Russian Empire}}: Knight of the [[Order of St. Andrew]]
* {{flagicon image|Flag of Spain (1785–1873, 1875–1931).svg}} Spain
⚫
* Knight grand Cross in the [[Royal and Military Order of San Hermenegild]].
* Knight grand Cross in the [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]].
** Knight Grand Cross of the [[Order of Charles III]]
* Knight in the [[Order of Alcántara]].
** Knight Grand Cross of the [[Royal and Military Order of San Hermenegild]]
⚫
** Knight Grand Cross of the [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]]
** Knight of the [[Order of Alcántara]]
**Knight of the [[Order of the Golden Fleece]]


==References==
==References==
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*{{EB1911|wstitle=Narvaez, Ramon Maria|volume=19|page=243}}
*{{EB1911|wstitle=Narvaez, Ramon Maria|volume=19|page=243}}
*[http://www.boe.es/datos/imagenes/BOE/1845/4084/A00001.tif Royal Decree of November 18, 1845, on creation of Narváez ''duque de Valencia'']
*[http://www.boe.es/datos/imagenes/BOE/1845/4084/A00001.tif Royal Decree of November 18, 1845, on creation of Narváez ''duque de Valencia'']
{{Reflist}}


{{S-start}}
{{S-start}}
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|-
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Manuel de la Pezuela, 2nd Marquis of Viluma|The Marquis of Viluma]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Manuel de la Pezuela, 2nd Marquis of Viluma|The Marquis of Viluma]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1705-1873)#Ministers of State (1834-1873)|Minister of State]]'''<br/>''Acting''|years='''1 July 1844{{spaced ndash}}21 August 1844'''}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1705-1873)#Ministers of State (1834-1873)|Minister of State]]'''<br />''Acting'''''|years='''1 July 1844{{spaced ndash}}21 August 1844'''}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo|Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa y Berdejo|Francisco de Paula Martínez de la Rosa]]}}
|-
|-
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{{S-aft|rows=2|after=[[Francisco Javier de Istúriz y Montero|Francisco Javier de Istúriz]]}}
{{S-aft|rows=2|after=[[Francisco Javier de Istúriz y Montero|Francisco Javier de Istúriz]]}}
|-
|-
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1705-1873)#Ministers of State (1834-1873)|Minister of State]]'''<br/>''Acting''|years='''16 March 1846{{spaced ndash}}5 April 1846'''}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Foreign Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1705-1873)#Ministers of State (1834-1873)|Minister of State]]'''<br />''Acting'''''|years='''16 March 1846{{spaced ndash}}5 April 1846'''}}
|-
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Florencio García Goyena]]}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Florencio García Goyena]]}}
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{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1700-1873)#Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)|Prime Minister of Spain]]|years=10 July 1866{{spaced ndash}}23 April 1868}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[List of Prime Ministers of Spain#Kingdom of Spain (1700-1873)#Prime Ministers (Presidents of the Council of Ministers)|Prime Minister of Spain]]|years=10 July 1866{{spaced ndash}}23 April 1868}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Luis González-Bravo y López de Arjona|Luis González-Bravo]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Luis González-Bravo y López de Arjona|Luis González-Bravo]]}}
|-
{{s-reg|es}}
{{s-bef|before=New creation}}
{{s-ttl|title=Duke of Valencia|years=1845-1868}}
{{S-aft|after=José María de Narváez}}
{{S-end}}
{{S-end}}
{{SpanishPrimeMinisters}}
{{SpanishPrimeMinisters}}
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[[Category:Foreign ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:Foreign ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:Dukes of Valencia|101]]
[[Category:Dukes of Valencia|101]]
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece]]
[[Category:Knights of the Golden Fleece of Spain]]
[[Category:Spanish captain generals]]
[[Category:Spanish captain generals]]
[[Category:Spanish generals]]
[[Category:Spanish generals]]
[[Category:Spanish Roman Catholics]]
[[Category:People of the Chincha Islands War]]
[[Category:People of the Chincha Islands War]]
[[Category:Prime Ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:People of the Dominican Restoration War]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Spain]]
[[Category:Moderate Party (Spain) politicians]]
[[Category:Moderate Party (Spain) politicians]]
[[Category:19th-century Spanish politicians]]
[[Category:Leaders of political parties in Spain]]
[[Category:Leaders of political parties in Spain]]

Latest revision as of 10:36, 29 November 2024

In this Spanish name, the first or paternal surname is Narváez and the second or maternal family name is Campos.
The Most Excellent
The Duke of Valencia
GE LH
Prime Minister of Spain
In office
3 May 1844 – 11 February 1846
MonarchIsabella II
Preceded byLuis Gonzalez-Bravo
Succeeded byManuel Pando
Personal details
Born
Ramon María Narváez y Campos

5 August 1800
Loja, Spain
Died23 April 1868 (aged 67)
Madrid, Spain
Political partyModerate Party
SpouseMarie Alexandrine de Tascher (m. 1844)
Military service
Allegiance Spain
RankGeneral
Battles/warsFirst Carlist War

Ramón María Narváez y Campos, 1st Duke of Valencia (5 August 1800 – 23 April 1868) was a Spanish general and statesman who served as Prime Minister on several occasions during the reign of Isabella II. He was also known in Spain as El Espadón de Loja,[1] "The Big Sword of Loja".

Biography

[edit]

He was born at Loja, Granada, a son of José María de Narváez y Porcel, 1st Count of Cañada Alta, and wife María Ramona de Campos y Mateos.[2] He entered the army at an early age, and saw active service under Francisco Espoz y Mina in Catalonia in 1822.

He was in his sympathies a Conservative, and could not fully support the Radical opposition to Ferdinand VII, whom he served after his restoration. When the king died in 1833, Narváez became one of the Conservative supporters of Isabel II.

He achieved great popularity by his victory over Miguel Gómez Damas, the Carlist general, at the Battle of Majaceite near Arcos de la Frontera, in November 1836. After clearing La Mancha of brigands by a vigorous policy of suppression in 1838 he was appointed captain-general of Old Castile, and commander-in-chief of the army of reserves.

In 1840, for the part he had taken at Seville in the insurrection against Baldomero Espartero, Count of Luchana and the Progresista party, he was compelled to take refuge in France, where, in conjunction with Maria Cristina, he planned the expedition of 1843 which led to Espartero's overthrow.

On 3 May 1844 Narváez became the 26th prime minister, on 1 July 1844 the 102nd Minister of Foreign Affairs until 21 August 1844, and on 18 November 1845 was created field-marshal and Duque de Valencia, but his policy was too reactionary to be tolerated long, and he was compelled to quit office on 12 February 1846. He then held the post of ambassador at Paris, until again called to preside over the council of ministers as the 28th Prime Minister from 16 March 1846 to 4 April 1846 and 105th Minister of Foreign Affairs from 16 March 1846 to 5 April 1846, and again as the 34th Prime Minister and 111th Minister of Foreign Affairs on 4 October 1847; but misunderstandings with Maria Cristina led to his resignation as Minister on 23 October 1847 and as Prime Minister in the following year on 19 October 1849. On the next day, however, he was recalled as the 36th Prime Minister on 20 October 1849, remaining in office until 10 January 1851.

He was the 58th Grand Cross of the Order of the Tower and Sword in 1848.

His ministry succeeded that of General Leopoldo O'Donnell for a short time as 45th Prime Minister between 12 October 1856 and 15 October 1856, and he again returned to power for a few months as 52nd Prime Minister between 16 September 1864 and 19 May 1865. He once more replaced O'Donnell as the 54th Prime Minister on 11 July 1866, and was still in office when he died at Madrid on 22 April/23 April 1868. On his deathbed, he was asked to forgive his enemies. His answer would become infamous, as he stated "I don't need to forgive my enemies — I have had them all shot."[3]

He married French Marie Alexandrine de Tascher, 369th Dame of the Royal Order of Queen Maria Luisa on 22 July 1844.

He was succeeded in his titles by his nephew, son of his older brother José de Narváez y Campos, 2nd Count of Cañada Alta, and wife and cousin Epifania Porcel y Valdivia, José María de Narváez y Porcel (d. 1890), 2nd Duke of Valencia, 1st Marquess of Oquendo, 3rd Count of Cañada Alta and 2nd Viscount of Aliatar, married to Josefa María del Águila y Cevallos (d. 1888), 13th Marchioness of Espeja, daughter of Luis Ramón del Águila y Alvarado, 12th Marquess of Espeja, and wife Josefa Manuela Petra de Cevallos y Alvarez de Faria (daughter of Pedro de Cevallos y Guerra (1759–1838) and wife Josefa Juana Alvarez de Faria y Sánchez-Zarzosa, maternal aunt of Manuel de Godoy), and had issue.

The Duke of Valencia, by Vicente López.

Honours

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Balaguer, Mª Luisa (2012). "Mujer y Constitución Española" (PDF). Crítica. 62 (979): 33. ISSN 1131-6497.
  2. ^ "Ramón María Narváez y Campo, 1. Duque de Valencia, * 1800 | Geneall.net".
  3. ^ Grave Tidings: An Anthology of Famous Last Words, Paul Berra, ISBN 1785901028
Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Spain
3 May 1844 – 12 February 1846 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of State
Acting
1 July 1844 – 21 August 1844 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Prime Minister of Spain
16 March 1846 – 5 April 1846 		Succeeded by
Minister of State
Acting
16 March 1846 – 5 April 1846
Preceded by Prime Minister of Spain
4 October 1847 – 19 October 1849 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Minister of State
4 October 1847 – 23 October 1847 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Prime Minister of Spain
20 October 1849 – 14 January 1851 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Prime Minister of Spain
12 October 1856 – 15 October 1857 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Prime Minister of Spain
16 September 1864 – 21 June 1865 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Prime Minister of Spain
10 July 1866 – 23 April 1868 		Succeeded by
Spanish nobility
Preceded by
New creation
 Duke of Valencia
1845-1868 		Succeeded by
José María de Narváez
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Ramón_María_Narváez&oldid=1260187404"