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{{Short description|French Catholic apologist, scriptural exegete, archbishop and cardinal}}
⚫
'''Guillaume-René Meignan''' (b. at [[Chauvigné]], France, [[12 April]][[1817]]; d. at [[Tours]], [[20 January]][[1896]]) was a French Catholic [[apologist]] and scriptural [[exegete]], [[Archbishop of Tours]] and [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]].
{{no footnotes|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Cardinal
| image = Cardinal Guillaume René Meignan.jpg
| honorific_prefix = [[His Eminence]]
| name = Guillaume-René Meignan
| title = [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]], [[Archbishop of Tours]]
| church = [[Catholic Church]]
| archdiocese = Tours
| appointed = 24 March 1894
| enthroned = 27 May 1894
| term_end = 20 January 1896
| predecessor = Charles-Théodore Colet
| successor = René-François Renou
| other_post = [[Santissima Trinita al Monte Pincio|Cardinal-Priest of Santissima Trinità al Monte Pincio]] (1893-96)
| ordination = 13 June 1840
| consecration = 1 May 1865
| consecrated_by = Henri Louis Charles Maret
| cardinal = 16 January 1893
| created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Leo XIII|Leo XIII]]
| rank = [[Cardinal-Priest]]
| birth_name = Guillaume-René Meignan
| birth_date = 12 April 1817
| birth_place = [[Denazé]], [[Le Mans, France|Le Mans]], [[Bourbon Restoration in France|French Kingdom]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=y|1896|01|20|1817|04|12}}
| death_place = [[Tours, France|Tours]], [[French Third Republic]]
| parents = Jean Baptiste Meignan<br>Françoise Julie Rabeau
| previous_post = {{unbulleted list|[[Bishop of Châlons-en-Champagne]] (1865-82)|[[Bishop of Arras]] (1882-84)}}
| alma_mater = [[La Sapienza - Universita di Roma|La Sapienza]]
| motto = ''Pax in caritate''
| coat_of_arms = [[File:Coat of arms of Guillaume René Meignan.svg|140px]]
}}

⚫
'''Guillaume-René Meignan''' (12 April 1817 at [[Chauvigné]], France – 20 January 1896 at [[Tours]]) was a French Catholic [[apologist]] and scriptural [[exegete]], [[Archbishop of Tours]] and [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|cardinal]].<ref name=FIU />


==Life==
==Life==
⚫
Having ascertained his vocation to the priesthood, on the completion of his academic studies at the Angers lycée and at [[Château-Gontier]], he studied philosophy in the seminary of [[Le Mans]], where he received the [[subdiaconate]] in 1839. From this institution he passed to the Collège de Tessé, which belonged to the [[Diocese of Le Mans]], where, while teaching in one of the middle grades, he continued his own ecclesiastical studies.


⚫
The [[Abbé Bercy]], an [[Oriental_studies|Orientalist]] of some distinction, whose notice he attracted at Le Mans and later at Tessé, advised him to make scriptural exegesis his special study. [[Jean-Baptiste Bouvier]] ordained him priest (14 June 1840) and sent him to Paris for a further course in philosophy under [[Victor Cousin]]. Meignan made the acquaintance of [[Frédéric Ozanam|Ozanam]], [[Charles Forbes René de Montalembert|Montalembert]], and others like them, who urged him to prepare for the controversial needs of the day by continuing his studies in Germany.
⚫
Having ascertained his vocation to the priesthood, on the completion of his academic studies at the Angers lycée and at [[Château-Gontier]], he studied philosophy in the seminary of [[Le Mans]], where he received the [[subdiaconate]] in 1839. From this institution he passed to the Collège de Tessé, which belonged to the Diocese of Le Mans, where, while teaching in one of the middle grades, he continued his own ecclesiastical studies.


⚫
Following this advice, he became the pupil at Munich of such teachers as [[Joseph Görres]], [[Ignaz von Döllinger]], and [[Karl Joseph Hieronymus Windischmann]]; and when his earlier attraction for Scriptural studies was thoroughly reawakened under the stimulus of the then fresh [[Tübingen]] discussions, he repaired to Berlin where he attended the lectures of [[August Neander]], [[Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg]], and [[Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling]].
⚫
The [[Abbé Bercy[[, an Orientalist of some distinction, whose notice he attracted at Le Mans and later at Tessé, advised him to make scriptural exegesis his special study. [[Mgr Bouvier]] ordained him priest (14 June, 1840) and sent him to Paris for a further course in philosophy under [[Victor Cousin]]. Meignan made the acquaintance of [[Ozanam]], [[Montalembert]], and others like them, who urged him to prepare for the controversial needs of the day by continuing his studies in Germany.


⚫
In, or soon after May, 1843, Meignan returned to Paris to be numbered among the clergy of the archdiocese, but was soon (1845) obliged to visit Rome for the good of his health, which had become impaired. He seemed to recover immediately, and was able to follow his studies so successfully that he won a [[Doctorate of Theology]] at the [[Sapienza]] (March, 1846).<ref name=FIU /> Here again he was helped by the interest and advice of many eminent men, of [[Giovanni Perrone]] and [[Olympe-Philippe Gerbet]], as well as by the teaching of [[Carlo Passaglia]], [[Francis Xavier Patrizi]], and [[Augustin Theiner]]. Between this period and 1861, when he became professor of Sacred Scripture at the [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]], he filled various academical positions in the [[Archdiocese of Paris]], of which [[Georges Darboy]] made him [[vicar-general]] in 1863. In 1864 he was elevated to the [[Bishopric of Châlons]], in 1882 transferred to the [[See of Arras]], and in 1884 to the [[Archbishopric of Tours]].
⚫
Following this advice, he became the pupil at Munich of such teachers as [[Görres]], [[Döllinger]], and [[Windschmann]]; and when his earlier attraction for Scriptural studies was thoroughly reawakened under the stimulus of the then fresh [[Tübingen]] discussions, he repaired to Berlin where he attended the lectures of [[Neander]], [[Hengstenberg]], and [[Schelling]].


[[Pope Leo XIII]] raised him to the cardinalate on 16 December 1892.<ref name=FIU>[https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1893.htm Florida International University, Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church website, ''Biographical Dictionary of Pope Leo XIII (1878-1903), Consistory of January 16, 1893 (XVIII)'']</ref>
⚫
In, or soon after May, 1843, Meignan returned to Paris to be numbered among the clergy of the archdiocese, but was soon (1845) obliged to visit Rome for the good of his health, which had become impaired. He seemed to recover immediately, and was able to follow his studies so successfully that he won a [[Doctorate of Theology]] at the [[Sapienza]] (March, 1846). Here again he was helped by the interest and advice of many eminent men, of [[Perrone]] and [[Gerbet]], as well as by the teaching of [[Passaglia]], [[Patrizzi]], and [[Theiner]]. Between this period and 1861, when he became professor of Sacred Scripture at the [[Sorbonne]], he filled various academical positions in the [[Archdiocese of Paris]], of which [[Mgr Darboy]] made him [[vicar-general]] in 1863. In 1864 he was elevated to the [[Bishopric of Châlons]], in 1882 transferred to the [[See of Arras]], and in 1884 to the [[Archbishopric of Tours]].


==Works==
==Works==


He was one of the chief antagonists of [[Ernest Renan]]. He aimed to enlighten the lay mind on current topics of controversy and to supply his readers with the Christian point of view. His career as an apologist began as early as 1856 with the publication of "Les prophéties messianiques. Le Pentateuque" (Paris). In 1860 appeared "M. Renan réfuté par les rationalistes allemands" (Paris) and "Les Evangiles et la critique au XIXe siècle" (Paris); in 1886 "De l'irréligion systématique, ses influences actuelles" (Paris); in 1890 "Salomon, son règne, ses écrits" (Paris); in 1892 "Les prophètes d'Israël et le Messie, depuis Daniel jusqu'à Jean-Baptiste" (Paris).
He was one of the chief antagonists of [[Ernest Renan]]. He aimed to enlighten the lay mind on current topics of controversy and to supply his readers with the Christian point of view. His apologetic works include:


* {{lang|fr|Les prophéties messianiques. Le Pentateuque}} (Paris, 1856)<ref>[https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4750695.Guillaume_Rene_Meignan GoodReads website, ''Guillaume-René Meignan'']</ref>
He wrote many other works on kindred topics. His treatment of [[Messianic prophecy]] extends beyond mere verbal exegesis, and includes a critical examination of historical events and conditions. Like other great Catholic controversialists of his time, he had to suffer adverse criticisms; these were answered by [[Pope Leo XIII]], who raised him to the cardinalate, 15 December, 1892.
* {{lang|fr|M. Renan réfuté par les rationalistes allemands}} (Paris, 1860)
* {{lang|fr|Les Evangiles et la critique au XIXe siècle}} (Paris, 1860)
* {{lang|fr|De l'irréligion systématique, ses influences actuelles}} (Paris, 1886)
* {{lang|fr|Salomon, son règne, ses écrits}} (Paris, 1890)
* {{lang|fr|Les prophètes d'Israël et le Messie, depuis Daniel jusqu'à Jean-Baptiste}} (Paris, 1892)


He wrote many other works on similar topics.<ref>[https://bookshop.org/contributors/guillaume-rene-meignan Bookshop.org website, Works of Guillaume-René Meignan, retrieved 2024-01-04]</ref><ref>[https://www.google.co.uk/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Guillaume+Ren%C3%A9+Meignan+(card.)%22 Google Books, Works by Guillaume-René Meignan]</ref> His treatment of [[Messianic prophecy]] extends beyond verbal exegesis, and includes a critical examination of historical events and conditions. Like other great Catholic controversialists of his time, he was criticized by some writers.
==Reference==
⚫
*Boissonot, ''Le cardinal Meignan'' (Paris, 1899)


==External link==
==References==
<!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically -->
*[http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/10147a.htm Source]
{{Reflist|30em}}
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*Boissonot, {{lang|fr|Le cardinal Meignan}} (Paris, 1899)


==External links==
{{Catholic}}
{{Commonscatinline}}
{{Catholic|wstitle=Guillaume-René Meignan}}


{{Subject bar |portal1= Biography |portal2= Catholicism |portal3= France}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Meignan, Guillaume René}}
{{Authority control}}


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{{DEFAULTSORT:Meignan, Guillaume Rene}}
[[Category:1817 births]]
[[Category:1817 births]]
[[Category:1896 deaths]]
[[Category:1896 deaths]]
[[Category:Bishops of Arras]]
[[Category:Bishops of Châlons-sur-Marne]]
[[Category:Archbishops of Tours]]
[[Category:Archbishops of Tours]]
[[Category:French cardinals]]
[[Category:19th-century French cardinals]]
[[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Leo XIII]]

Latest revision as of 14:19, 30 November 2024

His Eminence

Guillaume-René Meignan
Cardinal, Archbishop of Tours
ChurchCatholic Church
ArchdioceseTours
Appointed24 March 1894
Installed27 May 1894
Term ended20 January 1896
PredecessorCharles-Théodore Colet
SuccessorRené-François Renou
Other post(s)Cardinal-Priest of Santissima Trinità al Monte Pincio (1893-96)
Previous post(s)
Orders
Ordination13 June 1840
Consecration1 May 1865
by Henri Louis Charles Maret
Created cardinal16 January 1893
by Leo XIII
RankCardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born
Guillaume-René Meignan

12 April 1817
Denazé, Le Mans, French Kingdom
Died20 January 1896(1896-01-20) (aged 78)
Tours, French Third Republic
ParentsJean Baptiste Meignan
Françoise Julie Rabeau
Alma materLa Sapienza
MottoPax in caritate
Coat of arms

Guillaume-René Meignan (12 April 1817 at Chauvigné, France – 20 January 1896 at Tours) was a French Catholic apologist and scriptural exegete, Archbishop of Tours and cardinal.[1]

Life

[edit]

Having ascertained his vocation to the priesthood, on the completion of his academic studies at the Angers lycée and at Château-Gontier, he studied philosophy in the seminary of Le Mans, where he received the subdiaconate in 1839. From this institution he passed to the Collège de Tessé, which belonged to the Diocese of Le Mans, where, while teaching in one of the middle grades, he continued his own ecclesiastical studies.

The Abbé Bercy, an Orientalist of some distinction, whose notice he attracted at Le Mans and later at Tessé, advised him to make scriptural exegesis his special study. Jean-Baptiste Bouvier ordained him priest (14 June 1840) and sent him to Paris for a further course in philosophy under Victor Cousin. Meignan made the acquaintance of Ozanam, Montalembert, and others like them, who urged him to prepare for the controversial needs of the day by continuing his studies in Germany.

Following this advice, he became the pupil at Munich of such teachers as Joseph Görres, Ignaz von Döllinger, and Karl Joseph Hieronymus Windischmann; and when his earlier attraction for Scriptural studies was thoroughly reawakened under the stimulus of the then fresh Tübingen discussions, he repaired to Berlin where he attended the lectures of August Neander, Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg, and Friedrich Wilhelm Joseph Schelling.

In, or soon after May, 1843, Meignan returned to Paris to be numbered among the clergy of the archdiocese, but was soon (1845) obliged to visit Rome for the good of his health, which had become impaired. He seemed to recover immediately, and was able to follow his studies so successfully that he won a Doctorate of Theology at the Sapienza (March, 1846).[1] Here again he was helped by the interest and advice of many eminent men, of Giovanni Perrone and Olympe-Philippe Gerbet, as well as by the teaching of Carlo Passaglia, Francis Xavier Patrizi, and Augustin Theiner. Between this period and 1861, when he became professor of Sacred Scripture at the Sorbonne, he filled various academical positions in the Archdiocese of Paris, of which Georges Darboy made him vicar-general in 1863. In 1864 he was elevated to the Bishopric of Châlons, in 1882 transferred to the See of Arras, and in 1884 to the Archbishopric of Tours.

Pope Leo XIII raised him to the cardinalate on 16 December 1892.[1]

Works

[edit]

He was one of the chief antagonists of Ernest Renan. He aimed to enlighten the lay mind on current topics of controversy and to supply his readers with the Christian point of view. His apologetic works include:

  • Les prophéties messianiques. Le Pentateuque (Paris, 1856)[2]
  • M. Renan réfuté par les rationalistes allemands (Paris, 1860)
  • Les Evangiles et la critique au XIXe siècle (Paris, 1860)
  • De l'irréligion systématique, ses influences actuelles (Paris, 1886)
  • Salomon, son règne, ses écrits (Paris, 1890)
  • Les prophètes d'Israël et le Messie, depuis Daniel jusqu'à Jean-Baptiste (Paris, 1892)

He wrote many other works on similar topics.[3][4] His treatment of Messianic prophecy extends beyond verbal exegesis, and includes a critical examination of historical events and conditions. Like other great Catholic controversialists of his time, he was criticized by some writers.

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Florida International University, Cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church website, Biographical Dictionary of Pope Leo XIII (1878-1903), Consistory of January 16, 1893 (XVIII)
  2. ^ GoodReads website, Guillaume-René Meignan
  3. ^ Bookshop.org website, Works of Guillaume-René Meignan, retrieved 2024-01-04
  4. ^ Google Books, Works by Guillaume-René Meignan
  • Boissonot, Le cardinal Meignan (Paris, 1899)
[edit]

Media related to Guillaume Meignan at Wikimedia Commons  This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). "Guillaume-René Meignan". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/enwiki/w/index.php?title=Guillaume-René_Meignan&oldid=1260390651"