1983 in heavy metal music: Difference between revisions
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{{More citations|date=November 2024}} |
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{{Year in music|1983}} |
{{Year in music|1983}} |
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{{Year nav topic5|1983|heavy metal music}} |
{{Year nav topic5|1983|heavy metal music}} |
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This is a timeline documenting the events of [[Heavy metal music|heavy metal]] in 1983. |
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==Newly formed bands== |
==Newly formed bands== |
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{{columns-list|colwidth=15em| |
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* [[Alcatrazz]] |
* [[Alcatrazz]] |
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*[[Alisa (Russian band)|Alisa]] |
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*[[Artch]] |
*[[Artch]] |
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*[[Assassin (German band)|Assassin]] |
*[[Assassin (German band)|Assassin]] |
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*[[Bad Steve]] |
*[[Bad Steve]] |
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* [[Bathory (band)|Bathory]] |
* [[Bathory (band)|Bathory]] |
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* [[Bon Jovi]] |
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*[[Bride (band)|Bride]] |
*[[Bride (band)|Bride]] |
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* [[Carnivore (band)|Carnivore]] |
* [[Carnivore (band)|Carnivore]] |
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*[[The Cult]] |
*[[The Cult]] |
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*[[Darxon]] |
*[[Darxon]] |
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* [[Death (metal band)|Death]] |
* [[Death (metal band)|Death]] (known as Mantas until 1984) |
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*[[The Dogs D'Amour]] |
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*[[Elixir (British band)|Elixir]] |
*[[Elixir (British band)|Elixir]] |
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* [[Excel (band)|Excel]] (known as Chaotic Noise until 1985) |
* [[Excel (band)|Excel]] (known as Chaotic Noise until 1985) |
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*[[Jetboy (band)|Jetboy]] |
*[[Jetboy (band)|Jetboy]] |
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*[[Kabát]] |
*[[Kabát]] |
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*[[King Kobra]] |
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*[[Korzus]] |
*[[Korzus]] |
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*[[Lillian Axe]] |
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*[[Lion (band)|Lion]] |
*[[Lion (band)|Lion]] |
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*[[Lizzy Borden (band)|Lizzy Borden]] |
*[[Lizzy Borden (band)|Lizzy Borden]] |
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* [[Megadeth]] |
* [[Megadeth]] |
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*[[Melvins]] |
*[[Melvins]] |
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*[[ |
*[[Michael W. Smith]] |
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*[[Mind Over Four]] |
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* [[Morbid Angel]] |
* [[Morbid Angel]] |
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*[[MX (band)|MX]] |
*[[MX (band)|MX]] |
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*[[My Bloody Valentine (band)|My Bloody Valentine]] |
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*[[Nasty Savage]] |
*[[Nasty Savage]] |
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*[[Necronomicon (band)|Necronomicon]] |
*[[Necronomicon (band)|Necronomicon]] |
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*[[Razor (band)|Razor]] |
*[[Razor (band)|Razor]] |
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*[[Red Hot Chili Peppers]] |
*[[Red Hot Chili Peppers]] |
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*[[Renegade (band)|Renegade]] |
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* [[Rigor Mortis (band)|Rigor Mortis]] |
* [[Rigor Mortis (band)|Rigor Mortis]] |
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*[[Rogue Male (band)|Rogue Male]] |
*[[Rogue Male (band)|Rogue Male]] |
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* [[Testament (band)|Testament]] (known as Legacy until 1986) |
* [[Testament (band)|Testament]] (known as Legacy until 1986) |
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*[[Tigertailz]] |
*[[Tigertailz]] |
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*[[Titan Force]] |
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*[[Trixter]] |
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* [[Vader (band)|Vader]] |
* [[Vader (band)|Vader]] |
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*[[Vengeance (band)|Vengeance]] |
*[[Vengeance (band)|Vengeance]] |
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*[[Warrant (German band)|Warrant]] |
*[[Warrant (German band)|Warrant]] |
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* [[White Lion]] |
* [[White Lion]] |
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}} |
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==Albums & EPs== |
==Albums & EPs== |
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{{Div col|colwidth=20em}} |
{{Div col|colwidth=20em}} |
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* [[AC/DC]] – ''[[Flick of the Switch]]'' |
* [[AC/DC]] – ''[[Flick of the Switch]]'' |
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* [[Accept (band)|Accept]] – ''[[Balls to the Wall]]'' |
* [[Accept (band)|Accept]] – ''[[Balls to the Wall (album)|Balls to the Wall]]'' |
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* Ace Lane – ''See You In Heaven'' |
* Ace Lane – ''See You In Heaven'' |
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* Acid – ''Maniac'' |
* Acid – ''Maniac'' |
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* [[Bow Wow (band)|Bow Wow]] – ''Holy Expedition - Live'' |
* [[Bow Wow (band)|Bow Wow]] – ''Holy Expedition - Live'' |
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* Bullet (Ger) – ''No Mercy'' |
* Bullet (Ger) – ''No Mercy'' |
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* [[Cacumen]] – ''[[Bad Widow]]'' |
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* [[Chateaux (band)|Chateaux]] – ''Chained and Desperate'' |
* [[Chateaux (band)|Chateaux]] – ''Chained and Desperate'' |
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* [[Cobra (American band)|Cobra]] – ''[[First Strike (Cobra album)|First Strike]]'' |
* [[Cobra (American band)|Cobra]] – ''[[First Strike (Cobra album)|First Strike]]'' |
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* [[Great White (band)|Great White]] – ''[[Out of the Night]]'' (EP) |
* [[Great White (band)|Great White]] – ''[[Out of the Night]]'' (EP) |
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* [[Grim Reaper (band)|Grim Reaper]] – ''[[See You in Hell (album)|See You in Hell]]'' |
* [[Grim Reaper (band)|Grim Reaper]] – ''[[See You in Hell (album)|See You in Hell]]'' |
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* [[Hagar Schon Aaronson Shrieve|HSAS]] – ''[[Through the Fire (album)|Through the Fire]]'' |
* [[Hagar Schon Aaronson Shrieve|HSAS]] – ''[[Through the Fire (Hagar Schon Aaronson Shrieve album)|Through the Fire]]'' |
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* [[Hanoi Rocks]] – ''[[Back to Mystery City]]'' |
* [[Hanoi Rocks]] – ''[[Back to Mystery City]]'' |
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* [[Hawaii (band)|Hawaii]] – ''[[One Nation Underground (Hawaii album)|One Nation Underground]]'' |
* [[Hawaii (band)|Hawaii]] – ''[[One Nation Underground (Hawaii album)|One Nation Underground]]'' |
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* [[Mötley Crüe]] – ''[[Shout at the Devil]]'' |
* [[Mötley Crüe]] – ''[[Shout at the Devil]]'' |
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* [[Motörhead]] – ''[[Another Perfect Day]]'' |
* [[Motörhead]] – ''[[Another Perfect Day]]'' |
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* [[Michael Schenker Group|MSG]] – ''[[Built to Destroy]]'' |
* [[Michael Schenker Group|MSG]] – ''[[Built to Destroy (Michael Schenker Group album)|Built to Destroy]]'' |
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* [[Night Ranger]] – ''[[Midnight Madness (album)|Midnight Madness]]'' |
* [[Night Ranger]] – ''[[Midnight Madness (album)|Midnight Madness]]'' |
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* [[Nightwing (band)|Nightwing]] – ''Stand Up and Be Counted'' |
* [[Nightwing (band)|Nightwing]] – ''Stand Up and Be Counted'' |
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* Riff Raff – ''Give the Dead Man Some Water'' |
* Riff Raff – ''Give the Dead Man Some Water'' |
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* [[Riot (band)|Riot]] – ''[[Born in America]]'' |
* [[Riot (band)|Riot]] – ''[[Born in America]]'' |
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* [[Ritual (heavy metal band)|Ritual]] – ''[[Widow (Ritual album)|Widow]]'' |
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* Roadrunner - ''Teenage Warcry'' (EP) |
* Roadrunner - ''Teenage Warcry'' (EP) |
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* [[Rock Goddess]] – ''[[Rock Goddess (album)|Rock Goddess]]'' |
* [[Rock Goddess]] – ''[[Rock Goddess (album)|Rock Goddess]]'' |
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* [[Sinner (band)|Sinner]] – ''Fast Decision'' |
* [[Sinner (band)|Sinner]] – ''Fast Decision'' |
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* Six Feet Under (Swe) – ''Six Feet Under'' |
* Six Feet Under (Swe) – ''Six Feet Under'' |
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* [[S.A.Slayer|Slayer]] (S.A.Slayer) – ''Prepare to Die'' (EP) |
* [[S.A. Slayer|Slayer]] (S.A. Slayer) – ''Prepare to Die'' (EP) |
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* [[Slayer]] – ''[[Show No Mercy (Slayer album)|Show No Mercy]]'' |
* [[Slayer]] – ''[[Show No Mercy (Slayer album)|Show No Mercy]]'' |
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* Sledgehammer – ''Blood on Their Hands'' |
* Sledgehammer – ''Blood on Their Hands'' |
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* Takashi – ''Kamikaze Killers'' (EP) |
* Takashi – ''Kamikaze Killers'' (EP) |
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* [[Talas (band)#Talas|Talas]] – ''Live Speed on Ice'' |
* [[Talas (band)#Talas|Talas]] – ''Live Speed on Ice'' |
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* [[Tank (band)|Tank]] – ''[[This Means War (Tank album)|This Means War]]'' |
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* [[Terraplane (band)|Terraplane]] – ''I Survive'' (EP) |
* [[Terraplane (band)|Terraplane]] – ''I Survive'' (EP) |
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* [[Thin Lizzy]] – ''[[Thunder and Lightning (album)|Thunder and Lightning]]'' |
* [[Thin Lizzy]] – ''[[Thunder and Lightning (album)|Thunder and Lightning]]'' |
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* Thin Lizzy – ''[[Life (Thin Lizzy album)|Life - Live]]'' |
* Thin Lizzy – ''[[Life (Thin Lizzy album)|Life - Live]]'' |
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* [[ |
* [[Thor (band)|Thor]] – ''[[Unchained (EP)]]'' |
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* [[Thunderstick]] – ''Feel Like Rock'n'Roll?'' (EP) |
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* [[Tokyo Blade]] – ''[[Tokyo Blade (album)|Tokyo Blade]]'' |
* [[Tokyo Blade]] – ''[[Tokyo Blade (album)|Tokyo Blade]]'' |
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* Torch – ''Torch'' |
* Torch – ''Torch'' |
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* Virgin Steele – ''[[Wait for the Night]]'' (EP) |
* Virgin Steele – ''[[Wait for the Night]]'' (EP) |
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* [[Hawaii (band)|Vixen]] – ''Made in Hawaii'' (EP) |
* [[Hawaii (band)|Vixen]] – ''Made in Hawaii'' (EP) |
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* [[Warlord (band)|Warlord]] – ''Deliver Us'' (EP) |
* [[Warlord (California band)|Warlord]] – ''Deliver Us'' (EP) |
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* [[Warriors (band)|Warriors]] – ''[[Warriors (1983 Warriors album)|Warriors]]'' |
* [[Warriors (band)|Warriors]] – ''[[Warriors (1983 Warriors album)|Warriors]]'' |
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* White Heat – ''Krakatoa'' |
* White Heat – ''Krakatoa'' |
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==Events== |
==Events== |
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* [[Yngwie Malmsteen]] starts performing in the band [[Steeler (American band)|Steeler]]. Also in that band was vocalist [[Ron Keel]] (later on [[Keel (band)|Keel]]) and former [[W.A.S.P. (band)|W.A.S.P.]] bassist Rik Fox. The band produced only one album, ''[[Steeler (American album)|Steeler]]''. |
* [[Yngwie Malmsteen]] starts performing in the band [[Steeler (American band)|Steeler]]. Also in that band was vocalist [[Ron Keel]] (later on [[Keel (band)|Keel]]) and former [[W.A.S.P. (band)|W.A.S.P.]] bassist Rik Fox. The band produced only one album, ''[[Steeler (American album)|Steeler]]''. |
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* [[Metallica]] fires lead guitarist [[Dave Mustaine]] for substance abuse issues, replacing him with [[Exodus (band)|Exodus]] guitarist [[Kirk Hammett]]; Mustaine subsequently forms the band [[Megadeth]]. |
* April 11: [[Metallica]] fires lead guitarist [[Dave Mustaine]] for substance abuse issues,<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wiederhorn |first1=Jon |title=41 Years Ago: Dave Mustaine Fired From Metallica |url=https://loudwire.com/dave-mustaine-fired-from-metallica-anniversary/ |website=Loudwire |date=11 April 2024}}</ref> replacing him with [[Exodus (band)|Exodus]] guitarist [[Kirk Hammett]]; Mustaine subsequently forms the band [[Megadeth]]. |
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* [[Kiss (band)|KISS]] ends the use of makeup in their act.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Chang |first1=Rachel |title=When KISS Wiped Away Their Iconic Face Paint in 1983, Fans 'Hated' the New Look |url=https://www.biography.com/musicians/kiss-band-makeup-reveal |website=Biography.com |date=6 July 2023}}</ref> |
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* [[Kiss (band)|KISS]] ends the use of makeup in their act. |
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* November 19: the single by [[Quiet Riot]] "[[Cum on Feel the Noize]]" is No. 5 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100. |
* November 19: the single by [[Quiet Riot]] "[[Cum on Feel the Noize]]" is No. 5 on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100.<ref>{{cite magazine |title=Billboard Hot 100 |magazine=Billboard |date=April 19, 1983 |volume=95 |issue=47 |page=72}}</ref> |
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* April 17: [[Mountain (band)|Mountain]] bassist, and [[Cream (band)|Cream]] producer, [[Felix Pappalardi]] is shot and killed by his wife [[Gail Collins Pappalardi]]. |
* April 17: [[Mountain (band)|Mountain]] bassist, and [[Cream (band)|Cream]] producer, [[Felix Pappalardi]] is shot and killed by his wife [[Gail Collins Pappalardi]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Felix Pappalardi |url=https://www.newspapers.com/article/alabama-journal-felix-pappalardi/160026853/ |work=Alabama Journal |agency=UPI |date=April 18, 1983 |page=4}}</ref> |
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* [[Metallica]] and [[Slayer]] both release their debut albums ''[[Kill 'Em All]]'' and ''[[Show No Mercy (Slayer album)|Show No Mercy]]''. |
* [[Metallica]] and [[Slayer]] both release their debut albums ''[[Kill 'Em All]]'' and ''[[Show No Mercy (Slayer album)|Show No Mercy]]''. |
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* After his song "[[Runaway (Bon Jovi song)|Runaway]]" becomes a surprise hit on New York radio station WAPP-FM, [[Jon Bon Jovi]] forms the band [[Bon Jovi]]. |
* After his song "[[Runaway (Bon Jovi song)|Runaway]]" becomes a surprise hit on New York radio station WAPP-FM, [[Jon Bon Jovi]] forms the band [[Bon Jovi]]. |
Latest revision as of 15:58, 30 November 2024
This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2024) |
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This is a timeline documenting the events of heavy metal in 1983.
Newly formed bands
[edit]- Alcatrazz
- Alisa
- Artch
- Assassin
- Autograph
- Bad News
- Bad Steve
- Bathory
- Bride
- Carnivore
- Child'ƨ Play
- Coroner
- The Cult
- Darxon
- Death (known as Mantas until 1984)
- The Dogs D'Amour
- Elixir
- Excel (known as Chaotic Noise until 1985)
- Fastway
- Fifth Angel
- Forced Entry
- Gastunk
- Hagar Schon Aaronson Shrieve
- Halloween
- Heir Apparent
- Hurricane
- Impaler
- Jetboy
- Kabát
- King Kobra
- Korzus
- Lillian Axe
- Lion
- Lizzy Borden
- L.A. Guns
- Malhavoc
- Master
- Megadeth
- Melvins
- Michael W. Smith
- Mind Over Four
- Morbid Angel
- MX
- My Bloody Valentine
- Nasty Savage
- Necronomicon
- Necrophagia
- Nothing Sacred
- Omen
- Parabellum
- Poison
- Possessed
- Q5
- Razor
- Red Hot Chili Peppers
- Renegade
- Rigor Mortis
- Rogue Male
- S.O.B.
- Sacrifice
- Samhain
- Santa
- Shy
- Stratus
- Stryper
- Taramis
- Testament (known as Legacy until 1986)
- Tigertailz
- Titan Force
- Trixter
- Vader
- Vengeance
- Warrant
- White Lion
Albums & EPs
[edit]- AC/DC – Flick of the Switch
- Accept – Balls to the Wall
- Ace Lane – See You In Heaven
- Acid – Maniac
- Alcatrazz – No Parole from Rock N' Roll
- Alice Cooper – DaDa
- Alien (US) – Cosmic Fantasy (EP)
- The Angels, aka Angel City – Watch the Red
- Anvil – Forged in Fire
- Argus - Argus (EP)
- Armored Saint – Armored Saint (EP)
- Ashbury – Endless Skies
- Atomic Rooster – 'Headline News
- Axe Witch - The Lord of Flies
- Barón Rojo – Metalmorfosis
- Battleaxe – Burn This Town
- Billy Idol - Rebel Yell
- Bitch – Be My Slave
- Bitches Sin – No More Chances (EP)
- Black Angels – Kickdown
- Blackfoot – Siogo
- Black Sabbath – Born Again
- Blowin Free - Enemy
- Blue Öyster Cult – The Revölution by Night
- Bodine – Three Times Running
- Bow Wow – Holy Expedition - Live
- Bullet (Ger) – No Mercy
- Cacumen – Bad Widow
- Chateaux – Chained and Desperate
- Cobra – First Strike
- Coney Hatch – Outta Hand
- Culprit – Guilty as Charged!
- Cutty Sark – Hardrock Power (EP)
- Dark Lord – Dark Lord (EP)
- Dedringer – Second Arising
- Def Leppard – Pyromania
- Demon – The Plague
- Diamond Head – Canterbury
- Dio – Holy Diver
- Dokken – Breaking the Chains (US release)
- Earthshaker – Earthshaker
- Easy Action – Easy Action
- Europe – Europe
- Exciter – Heavy Metal Maniac
- Fastway – Fastway
- Fighter – No Pain No Gain
- Fist (Can) – In the Red
- Lita Ford – Out for Blood
- Girlschool – Play Dirty
- Gotham City - Black Writs (EP)
- Grand Prix - Samurai
- Great White – Out of the Night (EP)
- Grim Reaper – See You in Hell
- HSAS – Through the Fire
- Hanoi Rocks – Back to Mystery City
- Hawaii – One Nation Underground
- H-Bomb – Coup de Metal (EP)
- Headpins – Line of Fire
- Heavy Load – Stronger Than Evil
- Heavy Pettin – Lettin' Loose
- Hellanbach – Now Hear This
- High Power – High Power
- Highway Chile – Storybook Heroes
- Highway Chile – Fever (EP)
- Helix – No Rest for the Wicked
- Hellion – Hellion (EP)
- Holocaust – Live (Hot Curry & Wine)
- Iron Maiden – Piece of Mind
- Jade – Teasing Eyes
- Jag Panzer – Tyrants (EP)
- Joshua – The Hand Is Quicker Than the Eye (EP)
- Key West - First Invasion
- Killer (Swi) – Stronger Than Ever
- Killer Dwarfs – Killer Dwarfs
- KISS – Lick It Up
- KIX – Cool Kids
- Krokus – Headhunter
- Lady Killer – Lady Killer
- Leather Angel – We Came to Kill (EP)
- Le Griffe – Fast Bikes (EP)
- Le Mans – On the Streets
- Greg Leon Invasion - Greg Leon Invasion
- Loudness – The Law of Devil's Land
- Loudness – Live-Loud-Alive: Loudness in Tokyo
- Magnum – The Eleventh Hour
- Mama's Boys – Turn It Up
- Manilla Road – Crystal Logic
- Manowar – Into Glory Ride
- Mass (Ger) - Metal Fighter
- Max Havoc – Max Havoc
- Max Lynx – Take One
- McCoy – McCoy (EP)
- Mercyful Fate – Melissa
- Metallica – Kill 'Em All
- Metal Massacre - Metal Massacre III (Compilation, various artists)
- Metal Massacre - Metal Massacre IV (Compilation, various artists)
- Mindless Sinner – Master of Evil (EP)
- Molly Hatchet – No Guts...No Glory
- Gary Moore – Dirty Fingers
- Gary Moore – Victims of the Future
- Gary Moore – Rockin' Every Night – Live in Japan
- Gary Moore – Live at the Marquee
- Mötley Crüe – Shout at the Devil
- Motörhead – Another Perfect Day
- MSG – Built to Destroy
- Night Ranger – Midnight Madness
- Nightwing – Stand Up and Be Counted
- No Bros – Our Own Way
- Aldo Nova – Subject
- Onslaught - What Lies Ahead (Demo)
- Ostrogoth – Full Moon's Eyes (EP)
- Overdrive – Metal Attack
- Oz – Fire in the Brain
- Ozzy Osbourne – Bark at the Moon
- Pandemonium – Heavy Metal Soldiers
- Pantera – Metal Magic
- Picture – Eternal Dark
- Pretty Maids – Pretty Maids (EP)
- Quartz – Against All Odds
- Queensrÿche – Queensrÿche (EP)
- Quiet Riot – Metal Health
- Rage (UK) – Run for the Night
- Rated X - Rock Blooded
- Raven – All for One
- Ratt – Ratt (EP)
- Riff Raff – Give the Dead Man Some Water
- Riot – Born in America
- Ritual – Widow
- Roadrunner - Teenage Warcry (EP)
- Rock Goddess – Rock Goddess
- Rock Goddess – Hell Hath No Fury
- The Rods – In the Raw
- The Rods – Live (live)
- Satan – Court in the Act
- Satan Jokers – Les Fils du Métal
- Savage – Loose 'N Lethal
- Savage Grace – The Dominatress (EP)
- Savatage – Sirens
- Saxon – Power & the Glory
- Shy – Once Bitten... Twice...
- Silver Mountain – Shakin' Brains
- Sinner – Fast Decision
- Six Feet Under (Swe) – Six Feet Under
- Slayer (S.A. Slayer) – Prepare to Die (EP)
- Slayer – Show No Mercy
- Sledgehammer – Blood on Their Hands
- Sortilège – Sortilège (EP)
- Sound Barrier – Total Control
- Spartan Warrior – Steel n' Chains
- Stampede – Hurricane Town
- Starfighters – In-Flight Movie
- Steeler – Steeler
- Suicidal Tendencies – Suicidal Tendencies
- Takashi – Kamikaze Killers (EP)
- Talas – Live Speed on Ice
- Tank – This Means War
- Terraplane – I Survive (EP)
- Thin Lizzy – Thunder and Lightning
- Thin Lizzy – Life - Live
- Thor – Unchained (EP)
- Thunderstick – Feel Like Rock'n'Roll? (EP)
- Tokyo Blade – Tokyo Blade
- Torch – Torch
- Bernie Tormé – Electric Gypsies
- Trance – Power Infusion
- Triumph – Never Surrender
- Twisted Sister – You Can't Stop Rock 'n' Roll
- 220 Volt – 220 Volt
- UFO – Making Contact
- Vanadium – A Race with the Devil
- Vandenberg – Heading for a Storm
- Vardis – The Lion's Share (comp)
- Vault – No More Escape
- Victim – Power Hungry
- Virgin Steele – Guardians of the Flame
- Virgin Steele – Wait for the Night (EP)
- Vixen – Made in Hawaii (EP)
- Warlord – Deliver Us (EP)
- Warriors – Warriors
- White Heat – Krakatoa
- Wild Dogs – Wild Dogs
- Wildfire – Brute Force and Ignorance
- Winterkat – Winterkat (EP)
- Witchfinder General – Friends of Hell
- Witchfynde – Cloak and Dagger
- Xcursion – Xcursion (EP)
- Y&T – Mean Streak
- Zebra – Zebra
- Zero Nine – Headline
Events
[edit]- Yngwie Malmsteen starts performing in the band Steeler. Also in that band was vocalist Ron Keel (later on Keel) and former W.A.S.P. bassist Rik Fox. The band produced only one album, Steeler.
- April 11: Metallica fires lead guitarist Dave Mustaine for substance abuse issues,[1] replacing him with Exodus guitarist Kirk Hammett; Mustaine subsequently forms the band Megadeth.
- KISS ends the use of makeup in their act.[2]
- November 19: the single by Quiet Riot "Cum on Feel the Noize" is No. 5 on the Billboard Hot 100.[3]
- April 17: Mountain bassist, and Cream producer, Felix Pappalardi is shot and killed by his wife Gail Collins Pappalardi.[4]
- Metallica and Slayer both release their debut albums Kill 'Em All and Show No Mercy.
- After his song "Runaway" becomes a surprise hit on New York radio station WAPP-FM, Jon Bon Jovi forms the band Bon Jovi.
References
[edit]- ^ Wiederhorn, Jon (11 April 2024). "41 Years Ago: Dave Mustaine Fired From Metallica". Loudwire.
- ^ Chang, Rachel (6 July 2023). "When KISS Wiped Away Their Iconic Face Paint in 1983, Fans 'Hated' the New Look". Biography.com.
- ^ "Billboard Hot 100". Billboard. Vol. 95, no. 47. April 19, 1983. p. 72.
- ^ "Felix Pappalardi". Alabama Journal. UPI. April 18, 1983. p. 4.