My Number Card: Difference between revisions

My Number Card
My Number Card
	Front and Back of a contemporary My Number Card
Type	identity document
Issued by	municipalities of Japan
First issued	January 2016; 8 years ago
Purpose	identification; digital certificate facilitates simplified access of certain government documents;
Valid in	Japan
Eligibility	Japanese citizens or legal residents with a jūminhyō
Expiration	10 years from date of issue for residents aged over 20 years old at time of issue, 5 years for digital certificates and minors under 20 years old
Cost	Free
Size	www.kojinbango-card.go.jp/en/

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The My Number Card (Japanese: マイナンバーカード, Hepburn: mai nanbā kādo), officially called the Individual Number Card in English, is an identity document issued to citizens of Japan and foreign residents which contains a unique 12-digit Individual Number (Japanese: 個人番号, Hepburn: kojin bangō) that serves as a national identification number.^[1] Unlike similar-looking identity cards in Europe, the My Number Card is an optional identity document and is not proof of nationality; however, the Individual Number shown on the card can be used when applying for bank accounts and pensions. It is the de facto Japanese equivalent to a U.S. Social Security Number.^[2]

The My Number Card stores information such as personal name, photo, address, birthday, and sex. Residents who wish to obtain the card can request an application form from the municipality (via a ward office or city hall) where they reside.

History

Background

Many countries around the world, including Japan, require residents and citizens to disclose and register their address with the government for various bureaucratic purposes. Many countries obligate that their residents and citizens provide up to date information regarding where they reside, by visiting a registration office or the police within a few days after establishing a new residence. However some countries, like the United States or Canada, do not require their residents or citizens to provide this information to the government, unless they are applying for a passport or drivers license.

In Japan, the resident registry system is called Jūminhyō. For foreign residents of Japan, they are issued Zairyū Cards which contain information regarding their country of citizenship, current working status, and what visa they are on. Both Japanese citizens and foreign residents are obligated to report their domicile to their nearest municipal government office.

A Jūki kādo issued to Naha City resident. August 2009

A Jūki kādo issued to Yamagata City resident. December 2010

Basic Resident Registers Network

In 2002, the Japanese government created the Basic Resident Registers Network (住民基本台帳ネットワーク, Jūmin kihon daichō nettowāku) a.k.a Juki Net (住基ネット, Jūki netto) and started to issue unique 11-digits identity codes at request to people who did not possess a drivers license, but wanted a identity card to prove legitimacy when applying for a Japanese passport, obtaining copies of their family registry, or any other activities that require ID. These identity codes provided information regarding the bearer's name, date of birth, gender, address, and the identity code itself.

By 2003, the Japanese government started to issue a Resident registration card [ja] (住基カード, Jūki kādo), which are physical cards with IC chips linked to these identity numbers. Both the Basic Resident Registers Network and the Jūki kādo were negatively received and had widespread opposition from people, political parties, and prefectures. Despite this, in 2008, the Supreme Court of Japan ruled the Basic Resident Registers Network and subsequent affiliations constitutional.

Individual Number and My Number Card

Beginning in 2015 the Japanese government started to make significant steps in overseeing Japan's transformation to a digital economy, and created a new cabinet vacancy for the new Minister for Digital Transformation.^[3] Under this new cabinet the Minister for Digital Transformation started to phase out the Jūki kādo system and its 11-digits identity codes, in order to establish a new modern system of unique 12-digits codes, called the Individual Number (Japanese: 個人番号, Hepburn: kojin bangō). These codes were issued to all Japanese citizens and foreign residents in a unsolicited manner.^[4] To advertise the system's introduction, the Government of Japan hired actress Aya Ueto and created a mascot character named "Maina-chan".^[5]

Beginning in March 2021, the Japanese government began to issue My Number Cards embedded with IC chips that can double as health insurance cards. These cards can be read by card readers, and in conjunction with facial recognition, give facial medical care providers instant access to patients' past health checkup results and prescription drug history. They are accepted at all medical institutions, and separate health insurance cards will no longer be issued as of December 2024.^[6]

The rate of uptake for the cards in Japan was around 25% in March 2021^[7] and 40% as of October 2021.^[8] The government aimed to have almost all residents obtain the card by March 2023.^[8]

In May 2023 an Android app became available allowing people to use their phone instead of their My Number Card.^[9] In May 2024, it was announced that, starting in 2025, My Number cards would be available in Apple Wallet.^[10]

Features

The My Number Card, although not a required document, may simplify access to certain government services. Not only is it an accepted form of ID across Japan, it can be used to access National Health Insurance, apply for a Japanese passport, open a bank account, and obtain vaccination certificates. ^[11]

The Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications promotes a cashless payment card called Mainapoint (マイナポイント) linked to a person's My Number.^[12]

Issues

The first fraud related to the system occurred in 2015 when an elderly woman in the Kantō region was defrauded of several million yen.^[13] The program was temporarily paused in May 2023 due to 13 confirmed cases of another person's information being displayed when the card was used.^[14]

References

^ "マイナンバーカードについて" (in Japanese). Odawara City. 2021-01-15. Retrieved 2021-10-28.
^ Tsukimori, Osamu (2020-09-30). "Japan looks to My Number cards to unlock country's digital transformation". The Japan Times. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
^ "Japan's digital ID program is a complicated mess". Rest of World. 2023-07-21. Retrieved 2024-09-26.
^ Osaki, Tomohiro (2015-09-20). "Ready or not, government will soon have your My Number". The Japan Times. Retrieved 2024-09-26.
^ Osaki, Tomohiro Ready or not, government will soon have your My Number September 20, 2015 The Japan Times Retrieved October 6, 2015
^ デジタル庁. "よくある質問：マイナンバーカードの健康保険証利用について｜デジタル庁". www.digital.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-06-18.
^ "Despite push, integration of My Number and health cards off to slow start". The Japan Times. 2021-03-26. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
^ ^a ^b "Japan starts My Number card use for health insurance". The Japan Times. 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
^ "Number Cardholders to Leave Their IDs at Home". The Japan News. Tokyo. 2023-05-11. Retrieved 2024-08-03.
^ "Apple、日本でのAppleウォレットの身分証明書機能の展開を発表、米国外で初". Apple Newsroom (日本) (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-05-30.
^ Margolis, Eric (2023-05-28). "The My Number card has some real benefits. Is it time you got yours?". The Japan Times. Retrieved 2024-09-26.
^ "マイナポイント事業 Home Page". Archived from the original on 2020-07-14. Retrieved 2020-07-14.
^ Woman in her 70s first confirmed victim of My Number-related fraud October 7, 2015 The Japan Times Retrieved October 7, 2015
^ "NEWS WEB EASY|マイナンバーカードの保険証別の人の情報が入っていた". NEWS WEB EASY. Retrieved 2023-05-15.

External links

Official website

[1] "マイナンバーカードについて" (in Japanese). Odawara City. 2021-01-15. Retrieved 2021-10-28.

[2] Tsukimori, Osamu (2020-09-30). "Japan looks to My Number cards to unlock country's digital transformation". The Japan Times. Retrieved 2022-01-11.

[3] "Japan's digital ID program is a complicated mess". Rest of World. 2023-07-21. Retrieved 2024-09-26.

[4] Osaki, Tomohiro (2015-09-20). "Ready or not, government will soon have your My Number". The Japan Times. Retrieved 2024-09-26.

[japantimes-5] Osaki, Tomohiro Ready or not, government will soon have your My Number September 20, 2015 The Japan Times Retrieved October 6, 2015

[6] デジタル庁. "よくある質問：マイナンバーカードの健康保険証利用について｜デジタル庁". www.digital.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-06-18.

[:0-7] "Despite push, integration of My Number and health cards off to slow start". The Japan Times. 2021-03-26. Retrieved 2022-01-11.

[:1-8] "Japan starts My Number card use for health insurance". The Japan Times. 2021-10-20. Retrieved 2022-01-11.

[9] "Number Cardholders to Leave Their IDs at Home". The Japan News. Tokyo. 2023-05-11. Retrieved 2024-08-03.

[10] "Apple、日本でのAppleウォレットの身分証明書機能の展開を発表、米国外で初". Apple Newsroom (日本) (in Japanese). Retrieved 2024-05-30.

[11] Margolis, Eric (2023-05-28). "The My Number card has some real benefits. Is it time you got yours?". The Japan Times. Retrieved 2024-09-26.

[12] "マイナポイント事業 Home Page". Archived from the original on 2020-07-14. Retrieved 2020-07-14.

[13] Woman in her 70s first confirmed victim of My Number-related fraud October 7, 2015 The Japan Times Retrieved October 7, 2015

[14] "NEWS WEB EASY|マイナンバーカードの保険証別の人の情報が入っていた". NEWS WEB EASY. Retrieved 2023-05-15.

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@@ Line 2: / Line 2: @@
 {{about|smart card for ID|national identification number|Individual Number|text=not to be confused with the mandatory residency card required for foreign residents of Japan [[Zairyū card]]}}
 {{infobox identity document
-| document_name = Individual Number Card
+| document_name = My Number Card
 | image = Kojinbango card omote.jpg
 | image_size =
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 | rights =
 | size = {{official URL}}
-|image2=Kojinbango card ura.jpg}}
+|image2=Kojinbango card ura.jpg|caption2=Front and Back of a contemporary My Number Card}}
-The {{nihongo|'''Individual Number Card'''|個人番号カード|kojin bangō kādo|lead=yes}}, also known as the {{nihongo|'''My Number Card'''|マイナンバーカード|mai nanbā kādo|lead=yes}},<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.city.odawara.kanagawa.jp/field/resident/mynumber/p18181-3.html|title=マイナンバーカードについて|date=2021-01-15|publisher=[[Odawara|Odawara City]]|language=ja|accessdate=2021-10-28}}</ref> is an optional [[identity document]] issued to citizens of [[Japan]] and some foreign-residents. The My Number Card is associated with the unique 12-digit {{nihongo|[[Individual Number]]|個人番号|kojin bangō|lead=yes}}, which is issued to all residents, including foreigners residing in Japan.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tsukimori |first=Osamu |date=2020-09-30 |title=Japan looks to My Number cards to unlock country's digital transformation |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/09/30/national/japan-number-card-digital-transformation/ |access-date=2022-01-11 |website=The Japan Times |language=en-US}}</ref> It stores information such as personal name, photo, address, birthday, and sex.  Residents who wish to obtain the card can request an application form from the municipality where they reside and are required to submit the application form to the My Number Card center by mail. It has been issued since {{dts|2016-01}}, replacing the {{ill|Basic Resident Registry Card|ja|住民基本台帳カード}}, which has been issued since {{dts|2003-08}}.
+The {{nihongo|'''My Number Card'''|マイナンバーカード|mai nanbā kādo|lead=yes}}, officially called the '''Individual Number Card''' in English, is an [[identity document]] issued to citizens of [[Japan]] and foreign residents which contains a unique 12-digit {{nihongo|[[Individual Number]]|個人番号|kojin bangō|lead=yes}} that serves as a [[national identification number]].<ref>{{cite web |date=2021-01-15 |title=マイナンバーカードについて |url=https://www.city.odawara.kanagawa.jp/field/resident/mynumber/p18181-3.html |accessdate=2021-10-28 |publisher=[[Odawara|Odawara City]] |language=ja}}</ref> Unlike similar-looking [[National identity cards in the European Economic Area and Switzerland|identity cards in Europe]], the My Number Card is an optional [[identity document]] and is not proof of nationality; however, the Individual Number shown on the card can be used when applying for bank accounts and pensions. It is the [[de facto]] Japanese equivalent to a U.S. [[Social Security number|Social Security Number]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tsukimori |first=Osamu |date=2020-09-30 |title=Japan looks to My Number cards to unlock country's digital transformation |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2020/09/30/national/japan-number-card-digital-transformation/ |access-date=2022-01-11 |website=The Japan Times |language=en-US}}</ref>
+The My Number Card stores information such as personal name, photo, address, birthday, and sex. Residents who wish to obtain the card can request an application form from the municipality (via a ward office or city hall) where they reside.
-Beginning in March 2021, the Japanese government began to issue My Number Cards embedded with [[Integrated circuit|IC chips]] that can double as health insurance cards.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-26|title=Despite push, integration of My Number and health cards off to slow start|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/03/26/national/my-number-cards-health-insurance/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US}}</ref> The government explained that the new feature would simplify administrative procedures at hospitals and applications for tax deductions for medical expenses.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-26|title=Despite push, integration of My Number and health cards off to slow start|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/03/26/national/my-number-cards-health-insurance/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US}}</ref> The new card can be read by [[Card reader|card readers]], and in conjunction with [[Facial recognition system|facial recognition]], give facial medical care providers instant access to patients' past health checkup results and prescription drug history.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-26|title=Despite push, integration of My Number and health cards off to slow start|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/03/26/national/my-number-cards-health-insurance/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US}}</ref> However, as of October 2021 only 8% of medical providers and [[Pharmacy|pharmacies]] accept the My Number Card.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-10-20|title=Japan starts My Number card use for health insurance|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/10/20/national/my-number-insurance/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US}}</ref>
+== History ==
-Rate of uptake for the cards in Japan is around 25% in March 2021<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|date=2021-03-26|title=Despite push, integration of My Number and health cards off to slow start|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/03/26/national/my-number-cards-health-insurance/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US}}</ref> and 40% as of October 2021.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-10-20|title=Japan starts My Number card use for health insurance|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/10/20/national/my-number-insurance/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US}}</ref> The government aims to have almost all residents obtain the card by March 2023.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=2021-10-20|title=Japan starts My Number card use for health insurance|url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/10/20/national/my-number-insurance/|access-date=2022-01-11|website=The Japan Times|language=en-US}}</ref>
+=== Background ===
-The program was temporarily paused in May 2023, due to 13 confirmed cases of another person's information being displayed when the card was used.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEWS WEB EASY{{!}}マイナンバーカードの保険証 別の人の情報が入っていた |url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10014065011000/k10014065011000.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=NEWS WEB EASY}}</ref>
+Many countries around the world, including Japan, require residents and citizens to [[Resident registration|disclose and register their address with the government]] for various bureaucratic purposes. Many countries obligate that their residents and citizens provide up to date information regarding [[Domicile (law)|where they reside]], by visiting a [[registration office]] or the [[police]] within a few days after establishing a new residence. However some countries, like the United States or Canada, do not require their residents or citizens to provide this information to the government, unless they are applying for a passport or drivers license.
+In Japan, the resident registry system is called [[Jūminhyō]]. For foreign residents of Japan, they are issued [[Alien registration in Japan|Zairyū Cards]] which contain information regarding their country of citizenship, current working status, and what visa they are on. Both Japanese citizens and foreign residents are obligated to report their [[Domicile (law)|domicile]] to their nearest municipal government office.
-In May 2024, it was announced that, starting in 2025, My Number cards would be available in [[Apple Wallet]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple、日本でのAppleウォレットの身分証明書機能の展開を発表、米国外で初 |url=https://www.apple.com/jp/newsroom/2024/05/apple-announces-first-international-expansion-of-ids-in-apple-wallet-in-japan/ |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=Apple Newsroom (日本) |language=ja-JP}}</ref>
+{{multiple image
+| direction         = horizontal
+| width             = 150
+| align             = left
+| image1            = The Basic Resident Registration Card(naha-city).jpg
+| image2            = The Basic Resident Registration Card(Yamagata-city).jpg
+| footer            =
+| caption1          = A Jūki kādo issued to [[Naha City]] resident. August 2009
+| caption2          = A Jūki kādo issued to [[Yamagata City]] resident. December 2010
+}}
+=== Basic Resident Registers Network ===
+In 2002, the Japanese government created the [[Basic Resident Registry Network|Basic Resident Registers Network]] (住民基本台帳ネットワーク, ''Jūmin kihon daichō nettowāku'') a.k.a Juki Net (住基ネット, ''Jūki netto'') and started to issue unique 11-digits identity codes at request to people who did not possess a [[Driver's license|drivers license]], but wanted a identity card to prove legitimacy when applying for a [[Japanese passport]], obtaining copies of their [[Koseki|family registry]], or any other activities that require ID. These identity codes provided information regarding the bearer's name, date of birth, gender, address, and the identity code itself.
+By 2003, the Japanese government started to issue a {{ill|Resident registration card|ja|住民基本台帳カード}} (住基カード, Jūki kādo), which are physical cards with [[Integrated circuit|IC chips]] linked to these identity numbers. Both the Basic Resident Registers Network and the Jūki kādo were negatively received and had widespread opposition from people, political parties, and [[Prefectures of Japan|prefectures]]. Despite this, in 2008, the [[Supreme Court of Japan]] ruled the Basic Resident Registers Network and subsequent affiliations constitutional.
+=== Individual Number and My Number Card ===
+Beginning in 2015 the Japanese government started to make significant steps in overseeing Japan's transformation to a [[digital economy]], and created a new cabinet vacancy for the new [[Minister for Digital Transformation]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-07-21 |title=Japan’s digital ID program is a complicated mess |url=https://restofworld.org/2023/japan-my-number-card/ |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=Rest of World |language=en-US}}</ref> Under this new cabinet the Minister for Digital Transformation started to phase out the Jūki kādo system and its 11-digits identity codes, in order to establish a new modern system of unique 12-digits codes, called the {{nihongo|[[Individual Number]]|個人番号|kojin bangō|lead=yes}}. These codes were issued to all Japanese citizens and foreign residents in a unsolicited manner.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Osaki |first=Tomohiro |date=2015-09-20 |title=Ready or not, government will soon have your My Number |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/09/20/national/ready-not-government-will-soon-number/ |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=The Japan Times |language=en}}</ref> To advertise the system's introduction, the Government of Japan hired actress [[Aya Ueto]] and created a [[mascot]] character named "Maina-chan".<ref name="japantimes">Osaki, Tomohiro [http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/09/20/national/ready-not-government-will-soon-number/ Ready or not, government will soon have your My Number September 20, 2015] ''[[The Japan Times]]'' Retrieved October 6, 2015</ref>
+Beginning in March 2021, the Japanese government began to issue My Number Cards embedded with [[Integrated circuit|IC chips]] that can double as health insurance cards. These cards can be read by [[Card reader|card readers]], and in conjunction with [[Facial recognition system|facial recognition]], give facial medical care providers instant access to patients' past health checkup results and prescription drug history. They are accepted at all medical institutions, and separate health insurance cards will no longer be issued as of December 2024.<ref>{{Cite web |last=デジタル庁 |title=よくある質問：マイナンバーカードの健康保険証利用について｜デジタル庁 |url=https://www.digital.go.jp/policies/mynumber/faq-insurance-card |access-date=2024-06-18 |website=www.digital.go.jp |language=ja}}</ref>
+The rate of uptake for the cards in Japan was around 25% in March 2021<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2021-03-26 |title=Despite push, integration of My Number and health cards off to slow start |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/03/26/national/my-number-cards-health-insurance/ |access-date=2022-01-11 |website=The Japan Times |language=en-US}}</ref> and 40% as of October 2021.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=2021-10-20 |title=Japan starts My Number card use for health insurance |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/10/20/national/my-number-insurance/ |access-date=2022-01-11 |website=The Japan Times |language=en-US}}</ref> The government aimed to have almost all residents obtain the card by March 2023.<ref name=":1"/>
+In May 2023 an Android app became available allowing people to use their phone instead of their My Number Card.<ref>{{cite news |author=<!--not stated--> |date=2023-05-11 |title=Number Cardholders to Leave Their IDs at Home |url=https://japannews.yomiuri.co.jp/society/general-news/20230511-109155/ |work=The Japan News |location=Tokyo |access-date=2024-08-03}}</ref>  In May 2024, it was announced that, starting in 2025, My Number cards would be available in [[Apple Wallet]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Apple、日本でのAppleウォレットの身分証明書機能の展開を発表、米国外で初 |url=https://www.apple.com/jp/newsroom/2024/05/apple-announces-first-international-expansion-of-ids-in-apple-wallet-in-japan/ |access-date=2024-05-30 |website=Apple Newsroom (日本) |language=ja-JP}}</ref>
+== Features ==
+The My Number Card, although not a required document, may simplify access to certain government services. Not only is it an accepted form of ID across Japan, it can be used to access [[National Health Insurance (Japan)|National Health Insurance]], apply for a [[Japanese passport]], open a bank account, and obtain vaccination certificates. <ref>{{Cite web |last=Margolis |first=Eric |date=2023-05-28 |title=The My Number card has some real benefits. Is it time you got yours? |url=https://www.japantimes.co.jp/community/2023/05/28/how-tos/dont-number-card-yet-maybe-get/ |access-date=2024-09-26 |website=The Japan Times |language=en}}</ref>
+The [[Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications]] promotes a cashless payment card called Mainapoint (マイナポイント) linked to a person's My Number.<ref>{{Cite web |title=マイナポイント事業 Home Page |url=https://mynumbercard.point.soumu.go.jp/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200714111250/https://mynumbercard.point.soumu.go.jp/ |archive-date=2020-07-14 |access-date=2020-07-14}}</ref>
+== Issues ==
+The first [[fraud]] related to the system occurred in 2015 when an elderly woman in the [[Kantō region]] was defrauded of several million yen.<ref>[http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2015/10/07/national/crime-legal/kanto-woman-70s-first-confirmed-victim-fraud-laid-number-system/ Woman in her 70s first confirmed victim of My Number-related fraud October 7, 2015] ''[[The Japan Times]]'' Retrieved October 7, 2015</ref> The program was temporarily paused in May 2023 due to 13 confirmed cases of another person's information being displayed when the card was used.<ref>{{Cite web |title=NEWS WEB EASY{{!}}マイナンバーカードの保険証 別の人の情報が入っていた |url=https://www3.nhk.or.jp/news/easy/k10014065011000/k10014065011000.html |access-date=2023-05-15 |website=NEWS WEB EASY}}</ref>
 == See also ==
@@ Line 33: / Line 67: @@
 * [[Individual Number]]
 * {{ill|Basic Resident Registry Card|ja|住民基本台帳カード}}
-* {{ill|Social Security Card|ja|社会保障カード}}
 == References ==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
 == External links ==
@@ Line 46: / Line 79: @@
 [[Category:2016 establishments in Japan]]
 [[Category:Government of Japan]]
-[[Category:National identity cards by country]]
+[[Category:National identity cards by country|Japanese Individual Number Card]]
 [[Category:Smart cards]]

v t e Japanese identity and travel documents
Travel document	Passport Re-entry Permit Travel Document for Return to Japan
Identity document	My Number card Residence card Driving license Special permanent resident card