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{{Short description|Queen consort of Bohemia from 1278 to 1285}}
{{Infobox Royalty|consort=yes
{{Infobox royalty
| name =Kunigunda of Slavonia
|consort=yes
| name = Kunigunda Rostislavna
| succession =[[Queen consort of Bohemia]]
| succession =[[Queen consort of Bohemia]]
| image =Kunhuta.jpg
| image =Kunhuta zbrasl.jpg
| imgw =180px
| image_size =130px
| caption =
| caption =
| date of birth =1245
| birth_date = c. 1245
| birth_place =?
| place of birth =[[Russia]]?
| date of death =9 September 1285 (aged 39-40)
| death_date =9 September 1285 (aged 39–40)
| death_place =[[Prague]]
| place of death =
| place of burial=
| place of burial=Prague
| reign =1245-1285
| reign =1261–1278
| coronation =
| coronation =1261
| spouse =[[Otakar II of Bohemia]]<br>Zavish, Lord of Falkenstejn
| spouses = {{marriage|[[Ottokar II of Bohemia]]|1261|1278|end=died}}<br>[[Záviš of Falkenstein]]
| issue =[[Wenceslaus II of Bohemia]]<br>Kunigunde of Bohemia<br>Agnes, Duchess of Austria<br>Henry of Bohemia
| issue =[[Wenceslaus II of Bohemia]]<br>[[Kunigunde of Bohemia]]<br>Agnes, Duchess of Austria
| house =[[Rurik Dynasty]] (by birth)<br>[[Přemyslid dynasty|House of Přemyslid]] (by first marriage)
| dynasty =[[Rurik Dynasty|Rurik]]
| father =[[Rostislav Mihailovich]]
| father =[[Rostislav Mikhailovich]]
| mother =[[Anna of Hungary (b.1226)|Anna of Hungary]]
| mother =[[Anna of Hungary, Duchess of Macsó|Anna of Hungary]]
|}}
|}}


'''Kunigunda Rostislavna''' (1245 &ndash; [[September 9]] [[1285]]) [Czech: ''Kunhuta''] was [[Queen consort]] of Bohemia and its [[regent]] from 1278 until her death. She was a member of the [[House of Chernigov]], and a daughter of the ruler of [[Slavonia]].
'''Kunigunda Rostislavna''' (c. 1245 – 9 September 1285; [[Czech language|Czech]]: ''Kunhuta Uherská'' or ''Kunhuta Haličská'') was [[Queen consort]] of [[Bohemia]] and its [[regent]] from 1278 until her death. She was a member of the [[House of Chernigov]], and a daughter of [[Rostislav Mikhailovich]].


== Early Life ==
==Family==
She was presumably born in Russia, in the domains of her paternal grandfather [[Michael of Chernigov]], Grand Prince of Kiev, to [[Rostislav Mihailovich]], future ruler of Belgrade and Slavonia, and his wife [[Anna of Hungary (b.1226)|Anna of Hungary]]. After the death of her father's father, Kunigunda's family relocated to Hungary, where her mother's father, [[Bela IV of Hungary]], made her father governor of certain Serbian-speaking regions in the Danube Valley. Her father proclaimed himself [[Emperor of Bulgaria]] in 1256 but did not stay there to defend his title.
She was presumably born in [[Ruthenia]], in the domains of her paternal grandfather [[Michael of Chernigov]]. Her grandfather was the last [[Grand Prince of Kiev]], who was deposed not by a more powerful prince but by the [[Mongol Empire]]. Her parents were [[Rostislav Mikhailovich]], future ruler of Belgrade and Slavonia, and his wife [[Anna of Hungary (b.1226)|Anna of Hungary]]. After the death of her father's father, Kunigunda's family relocated to Hungary, where her mother's father, [[Béla IV of Hungary]], made her father governor of certain Serbian-speaking regions in the [[Danube]] Valley. Her father proclaimed himself [[Emperor of Bulgaria]] in 1256 but did not stay there to defend his title.


== Marriage ==
Kunigunda was married to King [[Otakar II of Bohemia|Premysl Otakar II of Bohemia]] (ca. 1233 &ndash; 1278) in [[Bratislava]] on [[October 25]] [[1261]], following his divorce from [[Margaret, Duchess of Austria]] (ca. 1204 &ndash; 1266) who was elderly and barren, and unable to provide heirs for the King. Kunigunda, 41 years Margaret's junior, bore Otakar several children, the youngest being his only legitimate son [[Wenceslaus II, King of Bohemia|Wenceslaus]] (Vaclav, 1271-1305).


Kunigunda was married – as a token of alliance from her maternal grandfather Béla – to King [[Ottokar II of Bohemia]] (ca. 1233 – 1278) in [[Pressburg]] (now Bratislava) on 25 October 1261. Ottokar was paternally a member of the [[Přemyslid dynasty]] whose marriage to [[Margaret, Duchess of Austria]] (ca. 1204 – 1266) was annulled.
==Marriage: Queen of Bohemia==


Kunigunda, 41 years Margaret's junior, bore Ottokar several children including:
Kunigunda was married to King [[Otakar II of Bohemia|Premysl Otakar II of Bohemia]] (ca. 1233 &ndash; 1278) in [[Bratislava]] on [[October 25]] [[1261]], following his divorce from [[Margaret, Duchess of Austria]] (ca. 1204 &ndash; 1266) who was elderly and barren, and unable to provide heirs for the King. Kunigunda, 41 years Margaret's junior, bore Otakar several children:
*Henry of Bohemia (1262 – 1263)?. Died young.
* [[Kunigunde of Bohemia]] (January, 1265 – 27 November 1321). Married [[Boleslaus II of Masovia]].
*[[Kunigunde of Bohemia]] (January, 1265 – 27 November 1321). Married [[Boleslaus II of Masovia]].
* Agnes of Bohemia (5 September 1269 – 17 May 1296). Married [[Rudolf II, Duke of Austria]].
*Agnes of Bohemia (5 September 1269 – 17 May 1296). Married [[Rudolf II, Duke of Austria]].
* [[Wenceslaus II of Bohemia]] (17 September 1271 – 21 June 1305).
*[[Wenceslaus II of Bohemia]] (17 September 1271 – 21 June 1305).


== Queen and regent of Bohemia ==
Genuine heirs of the [[Babenberg]] asserted their rights against King Otakar in Austria. The young Kunigunda's grandfather Bela IV had been Otakar's rival.


However, the peace between Bohemia and Hungary ended after 10 years, when Kunigunda's uncle Stephen came to power as the King of Hungary.
The Czech king Otakar tried in 1278 to recover his lands lost to [[Rudolph I of Germany]]. He made allies and collected a large army, but he was defeated by Rudolph and killed at the [[Battle of Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen]] on the [[March (river)|March]] on [[August 26]] [[1278]].


In 1278, King Ottokar tried to recover his lands lost to [[Rudolph I of Germany]] in 1276. He made allies and collected a large army, but he was defeated by Rudolph and killed at the [[Battle of Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen]] on the [[March (river)|March]] on 26 August 1278.
[[Moravia]] was subdued and its government entrusted to Rudolph's representatives, leaving Kunigunda, now Queen Regent of Bohemia in control of only the province surrounding Prague, while the young Wenceslaus was betrothed and married to one of Rudolph's daughters, Judith.


[[Moravia]] was subdued and its government entrusted to Rudolph's representatives, leaving Kunigunda, now Queen Regent of Bohemia in control of only the province surrounding [[Prague]], while the young Wenceslaus was betrothed and married to one of Rudolph's daughters, Judith.
==Later life==
Kunigunda married secondly a Bohemian magnate, Zavish, Lord of Falkenstejn and Rozmberk in Prague June 2, 1284. Zavish survived her, married again, and was executed on August 24, 1290.


Kunigunda married secondly the Bohemian magnate [[Záviš of Falkenstein]] in Prague in 1285. However, she died only a few months later. Záviš survived her and married again to the Hungarian Princess [[Elizabeth of Hungary, Queen of Serbia|Elisabeth]]. He was executed on behalf of the King on 24 August 1290.
Kunigunda's son Wenceslaus II kept the kingdom of Bohemia, and also succeeded in obtaining Poland and Hungary although not very sustainably. Ultimately she is one of the pivotal ancestresses of the [[Luxembourg]] and the [[Habsburg]].

Kunigunda's son Wenceslaus II kept the Kingdom of Bohemia, and also succeeded in obtaining Poland and Hungary although not very sustainably. Ultimately, she is one of the pivotal ancestresses of both the [[House of Luxembourg]] and the [[Habsburg]]s.


==Ancestors==
==Ancestors==
{{unreferenced section|date=May 2019}}
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{{ahnentafel
<div style="background-color: Gold; text-align: center; border: 1px solid #667766" class="NavHead">'''Ancestors of Kunigunde of Slavonia'''
|collapsed=yes |align=center
</div>
|boxstyle_1=background-color: #fcc;
<div class="NavContent" style="display:none;">
|boxstyle_2=background-color: #fb9;
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|boxstyle_4=background-color: #bfc;
|border=1
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|boxstyle=padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0;
|1= 1. '''Kunigunde'''
|boxstyle_1=background-color:LightYellow;
|2= 2. [[Rostislav Mikhailovich]]
|boxstyle_2=background-color: LemonChiffon;
|boxstyle_3=background-color: Yellow;
|boxstyle_4=background-color: Khaki;
|boxstyle_5=background-color: Gold;
|1= 1. '''Kunigunde of Slavonia'''
|2= 2. [[Rostislav Mikhailovich|Rostislav Mikhailovich, duke of Mačva]]
|3= 3. [[Anna of Hungary (b.1226)|Anna of Hungary]]
|3= 3. [[Anna of Hungary (b.1226)|Anna of Hungary]]
|4= 4. [[Michael of Chernigov|Mikhail II Vsevolodovich, grand prince of Kiev]]
|4= 4. [[Michael of Chernigov|Mikhail II Vsevolodovich]]
|5= 5. Elena/Maria Romanovna of Halych
|5= 5. [[Elena Romanovna]]
|6= 6. [[Béla IV of Hungary|Béla IV, king of Hungary]]
|6= 6. [[Béla IV of Hungary]]
|7= 7. [[Maria Laskarina]]
|7= 7. [[Maria Laskarina]]
|8= 8. [[Vsevolod IV of Kiev|Vsevolod IV Sviatoslavich, grand prince of Kiev]]
|8= 8. [[Vsevolod IV of Kiev]]
|9= 9. ''Unknown''
|9= 9. Maria of Poland
|10= 10. [[Roman the Great|Roman Mstislavich, prince of Volhynia and Halych]]
|10= 10. [[Roman the Great]]
|11= 11. Predslava Rurikovna of Kiev
|11= 11. Predslava Rurikovna of Kiev
|12= 12. [[Andrew II of Hungary|Andrew II, king of Hungary]]
|12= 12. [[Andrew II of Hungary]]
|13= 13. [[Gertrude of Merania]]
|13= 13. [[Gertrude of Merania]]
|14= 14. [[Theodore I Laskaris|Theodore I, emperor of Nicaea]]
|14= 14. [[Theodore I Laskaris]]
|15= 15. [[Anna Komnena Angelina]]
|15= 15. [[Anna Komnena Angelina]]
}}
|16= 16. [[Sviatoslav III of Kiev|Sviatoslav III Vsevolodovich, grand prince of Kiev]]
|17= 17. Maria Vasilkovna of Polotsk
|18= 18. [[Casimir II the Just|Casimir II, prince of Cracow]]
|19= 19. Helena of Moravia
|20= 20. [[Mstislav II of Kiev|Mstislav II Izyaslavich, grand prince of Kiev]]
|21= 21. Agnes
|22= 22. [[Rurik Rostislavich|Rurik Rostislavich, grand prince of Kiev]]
|23= 23. Anna Yurievna of Turov
|24= 24. [[Béla III of Hungary|Béla III, king of Hungary]]
|25= 25. [[Agnes of Antioch]]
|26= 26. [[Berthold IV, Duke of Merania|Berthold IV, duke of Merania]]
|27= 27. [[Agnes of Rochlitz|Agnes of Wettin]]
|28= 28. ''Unknown'' Laskaris
|29=
|30= 30. [[Alexios III Angelos|Alexios III, emperor of Byzantinum]]
|31= 31. [[Euphrosyne Doukaina Kamatera]]
}}</center>
</div></div>


==Literature==
* {{cite book| author = Kateřina Charvátová| title = Václav II.: král český a polský| year = 2007| isbn = 978-80-7021-841-9 }}
* {{cite book| author = Gabriela V. Šarochová| title = Radostný úděl vdovský: královny-vdovy přemyslovských Čech| year = 2004| isbn = 80-86569-24-1 }}


{{s-start}}
{{S-start}}
{{s-hou | [[Rurik Dynasty]]||1245||September 9 1285}}
{{S-hou | [[Olgovichi]]||1245|| 9 September 1285}}
{{s-roy}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Margaret, Duchess of Austria]]}}
|-
{{s-ttl|title=[[Queen of Bohemia]]|years=1261-1278}}
{{S-vac|last=[[Margaret of Austria, Queen of Bohemia|Margaret of Austria]]}}
{{s-aft|rows=2|after=[[Judith of Habsburg]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Queen consort of Bohemia]]|years=1261–1278}}
{{end box}}
{{S-vac|next=[[Judith of Habsburg]]}}
{{S-end}}


{{Royal consorts of Bohemia}}
[[Category:1245 births]]
{{Consorts of Austria}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kunigunda, Queen Consort of Bohemia}}

[[Category:1240s births]]
[[Category:1285 deaths]]
[[Category:1285 deaths]]
[[Category:Bohemian queens consort]]
[[Category:People from Galicia–Volhynia]]
[[Category:Medieval women]]
[[Category:13th-century Hungarian people]]
[[Category:Kingdom of Hungary]]
[[Category:13th-century Croatian people]]
[[Category:Rurikids]]
[[Category:13th-century people from Bohemia]]
[[Category:Olgovichi family]]
[[Category:Queens consort of Bohemia]]

[[Category:13th-century women regents]]
[[Category:13th-century regents]]
[[Category:Princesses from Kievan Rus']]
[[Category:Ottokar II of Bohemia]]
[[Category:Remarried queens consort]]
[[Category:13th-century women from Bohemia]]
[[Category:13th-century Hungarian women]]


[[Category:13th-century people from Kievan Rus']]
[[cs:Kunhuta Uherská]]
[[Category:13th-century women from Kievan Rus']]
[[de:Kunigunde von Halitsch]]
[[Category:Bohemian queen mothers]]
[[it:Cunegonda di Slavonia]]
[[Category:13th-century queens consort]]
[[nl:Cunigonde van Slavonië]]
[[ja:クンフタ・ウヘルスカー]]
[[pl:Kunegunda Halicka]]

Latest revision as of 14:15, 1 December 2024

Kunigunda Rostislavna
Queen consort of Bohemia
Tenure1261–1278
Coronation1261
Bornc. 1245
?
Died9 September 1285 (aged 39–40)
Prague
Burial
Prague
Spouses
​
​
(m. 1261; died 1278)​

Záviš of Falkenstein
IssueWenceslaus II of Bohemia
Kunigunde of Bohemia
Agnes, Duchess of Austria
DynastyRurik
FatherRostislav Mikhailovich
MotherAnna of Hungary

Kunigunda Rostislavna (c. 1245 – 9 September 1285; Czech: Kunhuta Uherská or Kunhuta Haličská) was Queen consort of Bohemia and its regent from 1278 until her death. She was a member of the House of Chernigov, and a daughter of Rostislav Mikhailovich.

Family

[edit]

She was presumably born in Ruthenia, in the domains of her paternal grandfather Michael of Chernigov. Her grandfather was the last Grand Prince of Kiev, who was deposed not by a more powerful prince but by the Mongol Empire. Her parents were Rostislav Mikhailovich, future ruler of Belgrade and Slavonia, and his wife Anna of Hungary. After the death of her father's father, Kunigunda's family relocated to Hungary, where her mother's father, Béla IV of Hungary, made her father governor of certain Serbian-speaking regions in the Danube Valley. Her father proclaimed himself Emperor of Bulgaria in 1256 but did not stay there to defend his title.

Marriage

[edit]

Kunigunda was married – as a token of alliance from her maternal grandfather Béla – to King Ottokar II of Bohemia (ca. 1233 – 1278) in Pressburg (now Bratislava) on 25 October 1261. Ottokar was paternally a member of the Přemyslid dynasty whose marriage to Margaret, Duchess of Austria (ca. 1204 – 1266) was annulled.

Kunigunda, 41 years Margaret's junior, bore Ottokar several children including:

Queen and regent of Bohemia

[edit]

However, the peace between Bohemia and Hungary ended after 10 years, when Kunigunda's uncle Stephen came to power as the King of Hungary.

In 1278, King Ottokar tried to recover his lands lost to Rudolph I of Germany in 1276. He made allies and collected a large army, but he was defeated by Rudolph and killed at the Battle of Dürnkrut and Jedenspeigen on the March on 26 August 1278.

Moravia was subdued and its government entrusted to Rudolph's representatives, leaving Kunigunda, now Queen Regent of Bohemia in control of only the province surrounding Prague, while the young Wenceslaus was betrothed and married to one of Rudolph's daughters, Judith.

Kunigunda married secondly the Bohemian magnate Záviš of Falkenstein in Prague in 1285. However, she died only a few months later. Záviš survived her and married again to the Hungarian Princess Elisabeth. He was executed on behalf of the King on 24 August 1290.

Kunigunda's son Wenceslaus II kept the Kingdom of Bohemia, and also succeeded in obtaining Poland and Hungary although not very sustainably. Ultimately, she is one of the pivotal ancestresses of both the House of Luxembourg and the Habsburgs.

Ancestors

[edit]

Literature

[edit]
  • Kateřina Charvátová (2007). Václav II.: král český a polský. ISBN 978-80-7021-841-9.
  • Gabriela V. Šarochová (2004). Radostný úděl vdovský: královny-vdovy přemyslovských Čech. ISBN 80-86569-24-1.
Kunigunda of Halych
Born: 1245 Died: 9 September 1285
Royal titles
Vacant
Title last held by
Margaret of Austria 		Queen consort of Bohemia
1261–1278 		Vacant
Title next held by
Judith of Habsburg
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