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{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox election
{{Infobox legislative election
| election_name = Czechoslovak federal election, 1990
| country = Czechoslovakia
| country = Czechoslovakia
| flag_year = 1990
| flag_year = 1990
| previous_election = [[1986 Czechoslovak parliamentary election|1986]]
| flag_image =
| next_election = [[1992 Czechoslovak parliamentary election|1992]]
| type = parliamentary
| election_date = 8–9 June 1990
| ongoing = no
| party_colour =
| party_name =
| alliance_name =
| previous_election = Czechoslovak parliamentary election, 1986
| previous_year = 1986
| previous_mps =
| election_date = {{Start date|1990|06|8|df=y}} – {{Start date|1990|06|9|df=y}}
| elected_mps =
| next_election = Czechoslovak parliamentary election, 1992
| next_year = 1992
| next_mps =
| seats_for_election= All 150 seats to the House of the People<br>All 150 seats to the House of Nations
| majority_seats = 75
| turnout = 96.79%


| module = {{Infobox legislative election
| image1 = [[File:Jan Urban (2016).jpg|86px]]
| embed = yes
| leader1 = [[Jan Urban (journalist)|Jan Urban]]
| election_name = House of the People
| colour1 =
| seats_for_election = All 150 seats in the House of the People
| party1 = Civic Forum
| seats_after1 = 68
| majority_seats = 76
| turnout = 96.24%
| popular_vote1 = 3,851,172
| first_election = yes
| percentage1 = 36.2%
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 68


|party1 = Civic Forum |leader1 = [[Jan Urban (journalist)|Jan Urban]] |percentage1 = 36.20 |seats1 = 68
| image2 =
|party2 = Communist Party of Czechoslovakia |leader2 = [[Ladislav Adamec]] |percentage2 = 13.59 |seats2 = 23
| colour2 =
|party3 = Public Against Violence |leader3 = [[Ján Budaj]] |percentage3 = 10.38 |seats3 = 19
| leader2 = [[Ladislav Adamec]]
|party4 = Christian Democratic Movement |leader4 = [[Ján Čarnogurský]] |percentage4 = 6.05 |seats4 = 11
| party2 = Communist Party of Czechoslovakia
|party5 = Christian and Democratic Union |leader5 = [[Josef Bartončík]] |percentage5 = 5.92 |seats5 = 9
| leader_since2 =
|party6 = Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia |leader6 = [[Boleslav Bárta]] |percentage6 = 5.38 |seats6 = 9
| leaders_seat2 =
|party7 = Slovak National Party |leader7 = [[Víťazoslav Móric]] |percentage7 = 3.50 |seats7 = 6
| last_election2 =
|party8 = [[Coexistence (political party)|Coexistence]]–[[Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement|MKDM]] |leader8 = [[Miklós Duray]] |percentage8 = 2.79 |seats8 = 5
| seats_before2 =
| seats_needed2 =
| seats2 =
| seats_after2 = 23
| seat_change2 = {{decrease}} 116
| popular_vote2 = 1,445,407
| percentage2 = 13.6%
| swing2 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->


| module = {{Infobox legislative election
| embed = yes
| election_name = House of Nations
| seats_for_election = All 150 seats in the House of Nations
| majority_seats = 76
| turnout = 96.24%
| first_election = yes


|party1 = Civic Forum |leader1 = [[Jan Urban (journalist)|Jan Urban]] |percentage1 = 34.03 |seats1 = 50 |last_election1 =
| image3 = [[File:Ján Budaj.jpg|98px]]
|party2 = Communist Party of Czechoslovakia |leader2 = [[Ladislav Adamec]] |percentage2 = 13.68 |seats2 = 24 |last_election2 =
| colour3 =
|party3 = Public Against Violence |leader3 = [[Ján Budaj]] |percentage3 = 11.89 |seats3 = 33 |last_election3 =
| leader3 = [[Ján Budaj]]
|party4 = Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia |leader4 = [[Boleslav Bárta]] |percentage4 = 6.20 |seats4 = 7 |last_election4 =
| party3 = Public Against Violence
|party5 = Christian and Democratic Union |leader5 = [[Ján Čarnogurský]] |percentage5 = 5.96 |seats5 = 6 |last_election5 =
| leader_since3 =
|party6 = Christian Democratic Movement |leader6 = [[Josef Bartončík]] |percentage6 = 5.31 |seats6 = 14 |last_election6 =
| leaders_seat3 =
|party7 = Slovak National Party |leader7 = [[Víťazoslav Móric]] |percentage7 = 3.65 |seats7 = 9 |last_election7 =
| last_election3 =
|party8 = [[Coexistence (political party)|Coexistence]]–[[Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement|MKDM]] |leader8 = [[Miklós Duray]] |percentage8 = 2.71 |seats8 = 7 |last_election8 =
| seats_before3 =
| seats_needed3 =
| seats3 =
| seats_after3 = 19
| seat_change3 = {{increase}} 19
| popular_vote3 = 1,104,125
| percentage3 = 10.4%
| swing3 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->
}}{{Politics of Czechoslovakia}}


| title = [[List of Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia|Prime Minister]]
'''Federal elections''' were held in [[Czechoslovakia]] on 8 and 9 June 1990,<ref name=DN>[[Dieter Nohlen|Nohlen, D]] & Stöver, P (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p471 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> alongside elections for the [[Czech legislative election, 1990|Czech]] and [[Slovak parliamentary election, 1990|Slovak]] Assemblies.<ref name=Nohlen472>Nohlen & Stöver, p472</ref> They were the first elections held in the country since the end of Communist rule [[Velvet Revolution|seven months earlier]], and the first free elections since [[Czechoslovak parliamentary election, 1946|1946]].
| before_election = [[Marián Čalfa]]
| before_party = Public Against Violence
| after_election = [[Marián Čalfa]]
| after_party = Public Against Violence
}}}}}}{{Politics of Czechoslovakia}}


Federal elections were held in [[Czechoslovakia]] on 8 and 9 June 1990,<ref name=DN>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p471 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> alongside elections for the [[1990 Czech legislative election|Czech]] and [[1990 Slovak parliamentary election|Slovak]] Assemblies.<ref name=Nohlen472>Nohlen & Stöver, p472</ref> They were the first elections held in the country since the [[Velvet Revolution]] seven months earlier. Voter turnout was 96.2%.<ref name=Nohlen472/>
The election saw a comprehensive victory for the movement of [[President of Czechoslovakia|President]] [[Václav Havel]]. The Czech wing, [[Civic Forum]], won 68 of the 150 seats in the House of the People and 50 of the 150 seats in the House of Nations. Its Slovak counterpart, [[Public Against Violence]], won 19 seats in the House of the People and 33 in the House of Nations.<ref name=Nohlen472/> Civic Forum won 36% of the vote for the House of the People, the most a Czechoslovakian party won in a free election.


The two wings of Havel's movement commanded a strong majority in the legislature, <ref name=NYT>Kamm, Henry. [https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/11/world/now-czech-reality-political-amateurs-after-free-elections-turn-problems-left.html Now, the Czech Reality; Political 'Amateurs,' After Free Elections, Turn to Problems Left by the Communists]. [[The New York Times]], 1990-06-11.</ref> with 87 seats in the House of the People and 83 in the House of Nations between them. It was the only occasion in which a party or alliance won an outright majority of seats in a free election. Voter turnout was 96.2%.<ref name=Nohlen472/> The [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]], running in an honest election for the first time in 44 years, made a stronger showing than expected, taking 13 percent of the vote in both chambers to finish second behind Civic Forum.<ref name=NYT/>
The movement led by [[President of Czechoslovakia|President]] [[Václav Havel]] emerged as the largest bloc, with majorities in both houses of parliament, with 87 seats in the House of the People and 83 seats in the House of Nations, something no party or alliance had achieved in a free election. The Czech wing, [[Civic Forum]] (OF), won 68 of the 150 seats in the House of the People and 50 of the 150 seats in the House of Nations, whilst its Slovak counterpart, [[Public Against Violence]] (VPN), won 19 seats in the House of the People and 33 in the House of Nations.<ref name=Nohlen472/><ref name=NYT>Kamm, Henry. [https://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/11/world/now-czech-reality-political-amateurs-after-free-elections-turn-problems-left.html Now, the Czech Reality; Political 'Amateurs,' After Free Elections, Turn to Problems Left by the Communists]. [[The New York Times]], 1990-06-11.</ref> The [[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]], running in its first election since giving up power, made a stronger showing than expected, receiving 13 percent of the vote in both chambers, finishing second behind Civic Forum.<ref name=NYT/>


Although Civic Forum and Public Against Violence had more than enough seats between them to govern without the support of other parties, they sought a broader base. They let it be known that they were willing to go into coalition with all parties except the Communists and the [[Slovak National Party]].<ref name=NYT/>
Although OF and VPN had more than enough seats between them to govern without the support of other parties, they sought a broader base. They let it be known that they were willing to go into coalition with any party except the Communists and the [[Slovak National Party]].<ref name=NYT/>


==Results==
==Results==
===House of the People===
===House of the People===
{{Election results
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|image=[[File:House of the People of the Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia 1990.svg]]
|-
|party1=[[Civic Forum]]|votes1=3851172|seats1=68
!Party
|party2=[[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]|votes2=1445407|seats2=23
!Votes
|party3=[[Public Against Violence]]|votes3=1104125|seats3=19
!%
|party4=[[Christian Democratic Movement]]|votes4=644008|seats4=11
!Seats
|party5=[[Christian and Democratic Union]]|votes5=629359|seats5=9
|-
|party6=[[Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia]]|votes6=572015|seats6=9
|align=left|[[Civic Forum]]||3,851,172||36.2||68
|party7=[[Slovak National Party]]|votes7=372025|seats7=6
|-
|party8=Alliance of Farmers and the Countryside|votes8=360779|seats8=0
|align=left|[[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]||1,445,407||13.6||23
|party9=[[Czech Social Democratic Party|Czechoslovak Social Democracy]]|votes9=342455|seats9=0
|-
|party10=[[Green Party (Czech Republic)|Green Party]]|votes10=332974|seats10=0
|align=left|[[Public Against Violence]]||1,104,125||10.4||19
|party11=[[Coexistence (political party)|Coexistence]]–[[Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement]]|votes11=296575|seats11=5
|-
|party12=[[Czech National Social Party|Czechoslovak Socialist Party]]|votes12=201532|seats12=0
|align=left|[[Christian Democratic Movement]]||644,008||6.1||11
|party13=[[Democratic Party (Slovakia, 1989)|Democratic Party]]|votes13=149310|seats13=0
|-
|party14=People's Democratic Party–[[Rally for the Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia|Rally for the Republic]]|votes14=76338|seats14=0
|align=left|[[Christian and Democratic Union]]||629,359||5.9||9
|party15=[[Conservative Party (Czech Republic)|Free Bloc]]|votes15=64070|seats15=0
|-
|party16=[[Freedom Party (Slovakia)|Freedom Party]]|votes16=49012|seats16=0
|align=left|[[Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia]]||572,015||5.4||9
|party17=Electoral Union of Interest Groups |votes17=47971|seats17=0
|-
|party18=Czechoslovakian Democratic Forum|votes18=23428|seats18=0
|align=left|[[Slovak National Party]]||372,025||3.5||6
|party19=Rómovia|votes19=22670|seats19=0
|-
|party20=Civil Liberties Movement|votes20=22165|seats20=0
|align=left|Alliance of Farmers and the Countryside||360,779||3.4||0
|party21=Movement of Czechoslovakian Understanding|votes21=21979|seats21=0
|-
|party22=[[Friends of Beer Party]]|votes22=8943|seats22=0
|align=left|[[Czech Social Democratic Party|Social Democracy]]||342,455||3.2||0
|invalid=136629
|-
|total_sc=0
|align=left|Green Party||332,974||3.1||0
|electorate=11195596
|-
|source=Nohlen & Stöver
|align=left|[[Coexistence (political party)|Coexistence]]–[[Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement]]||296,575||2.8||5
}}
|-
|align=left|[[Czech National Social Party|Czechoslovak Socialist Party]]||201,532||1.9||0
|-
|align=left|[[Democratic Party (Slovakia)|Democratic Party]]||149,310||1.4||0
|-
|align=left|People's Democratic Party–Rally for the Republic||76,338||0.7||0
|-
|align=left|Free Bloc||64,070||0.6||0
|-
|align=left|[[Freedom Party (Slovakia)|Freedom Party]]||49,012||0.5||0
|-
|align=left|VSZS||47,971||0.5||0
|-
|align=left|Czechoslovakian Democratic Forum||23,428||0.2||0
|-
|align=left|Rómovia||22,670||0.2||0
|-
|align=left|HOS||22,165||0.2||0
|-
|align=left|Movement of Czechoslovakian Understanding||21,979||0.2||0
|-
|align=left|Friends of Beer Party||8,943||0.1||0
|-
|align=left|Invalid/blank votes||136,929||–||–
|-
|align=left|'''Total'''||'''10,775,125'''||'''100'''||'''150'''
|-
|align=left colspan=4|Source: Nohlen & Stöver
|}


===House of Nations===
===House of Nations===
{{Election results
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|image=[[File:House of Nations of the Federal Assembly of Czechoslovakia 1990.svg]]
|-
|party1=[[Civic Forum]]|votes1=3613513|seats1=50
!Party
|party2=[[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]|votes2=1452659|seats2=24
!Votes
|party3=[[Public Against Violence]]|votes3=1262278|seats3=33
!%
|party4=[[Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia]]|votes4=658477|seats4=7
!Seats
|party5=[[Christian and Democratic Union]]|votes5=633053|seats5=6
|-
|party6=[[Christian Democratic Movement]]|votes6=564172|seats6=14
|align=left|[[Civic Forum]]||3,613,513||34.0||50
|party7=[[Slovak National Party]]|votes7=387387|seats7=9
|-
|party8=Alliance of Farmers and the Countryside|votes8=359474|seats8=0
|align=left|[[Communist Party of Czechoslovakia]]||1,452,659||13.7||24
|party9=[[Czech Social Democratic Party|Czechoslovak Social Democracy]]|votes9=352678|seats9=0
|-
|party10=[[Green Party (Czech Republic)|Green Party]]|votes10=336310|seats10=0
|align=left|[[Public Against Violence]]||1,262,278||11.9||33
|party11=[[Coexistence (political party)|Coexistence]]–[[Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement]]|votes11=287426|seats11=7
|-
|party12=[[Czech National Social Party|Czechoslovak Socialist Party]]|votes12=210735|seats12=0
|align=left|[[Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia]]||658,477||6.2||7
|party13=[[Democratic Party (Slovakia, 1989)|Democratic Party]]|votes13=124561|seats13=0
|-
|party14=[[Conservative Party (Czech Republic)|Free Bloc]]|votes14=84553|seats14=0
|align=left|[[Christian and Democratic Union]]||633,053||6.0||6
|party15=People's Democratic Party–[[Rally for the Republic – Republican Party of Czechoslovakia|Rally for the Republic]]|votes15=79324|seats15=0
|-
|party16=Electoral Union of Interest Groups |votes16=54916|seats16=0
|align=left|[[Christian Democratic Movement]]||564,172||5.3||14
|party17=[[Freedom Party (Slovakia)|Freedom Party]]|votes17=42111|seats17=0
|-
|party18=Czechoslovakian Democratic Forum|votes18=32543|seats18=0
|align=left|[[Slovak National Party]]||387,387||3.6||9
|party19=Movement of Czechoslovakian Understanding|votes19=25672|seats19=0
|-
|party20=Civil Liberties Movement|votes20=22124|seats20=0
|align=left|Alliance of Farmers and the Countryside||359,474||3.4||0
|party21=Rómovia|votes21=20445|seats21=0
|-
|party22=[[Friends of Beer Party]]|votes22=13869|seats22=0
|align=left|[[Czech Social Democratic Party|Social Democracy]]||352,678||3.3||0
|invalid=139731
|-
|total_sc=0
|align=left|Green Party||336,310||3.2||0
|electorate=11178780
|-
|source=Nohlen & Stöver
|align=left|[[Coexistence (political party)|Coexistence]]–[[Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement]]||287,426||2.7||7
}}
|-
|align=left|[[Czech National Social Party|Czechoslovak Socialist Party]]||210,735||2.0||0
|-
|align=left|[[Democratic Party (Slovakia)|Democratic Party]]||124,561||1.2||0
|-
|align=left|Free Bloc||84,553||0.8||0
|-
|align=left|People's Democratic Party–Rally for the Republic||79,324||0.8||0
|-
|align=left|VSZS||54,916||0.5||0
|-
|align=left|[[Freedom Party (Slovakia)|Freedom Party]]||42,111||0.4||0
|-
|align=left|Czechoslovakian Democratic Forum||32,543||0.3||0
|-
|align=left|Movement of Czechoslovakian Understanding||25,672||0.2||0
|-
|align=left|HOS||22,124||0.2||0
|-
|align=left|Rómovia||20,445||0.2||0
|-
|align=left|Friends of Beer Party||13,869||0.1||0
|-
|align=left|Invalid/blank votes||139,731||–||–
|-
|align=left|'''Total'''||'''10,758,011'''||'''100'''||'''150'''
|-
|align=left colspan=4|Source: Nohlen & Stöver
|}


==References==
==References==
Line 196: Line 122:
{{Czechoslovak elections}}
{{Czechoslovak elections}}


[[Category:Elections in Czechoslovakia|1990]]
[[Category:1990 elections in Europe|Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:1990 in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Legislative elections in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:1990 elections in the Czech Republic]]
[[Category:1990 elections in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:June 1990 events]]
[[Category:1990s elections in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:June 1990 events in Europe]]

Latest revision as of 14:55, 1 December 2024

1990 Czechoslovak parliamentary election
Czechoslovakia
← 1986 8–9 June 1990 1992 →
House of the People
All 150 seats in the House of the People
76 seats needed for a majority
Turnout96.24%
Party Leader Vote % Seats
OF Jan Urban 36.20 68
KSČ Ladislav Adamec 13.59 23
VPN Ján Budaj 10.38 19
KDH Ján Čarnogurský 6.05 11
KDU Josef Bartončík 5.92 9
HSD–SMS Boleslav Bárta 5.38 9
SNS Víťazoslav Móric 3.50 6
Coexistence–MKDM Miklós Duray 2.79 5
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
House of Nations
All 150 seats in the House of Nations
76 seats needed for a majority
Turnout96.24%
Party Leader Vote % Seats
OF Jan Urban 34.03 50
KSČ Ladislav Adamec 13.68 24
VPN Ján Budaj 11.89 33
HSD–SMS Boleslav Bárta 6.20 7
KDU Ján Čarnogurský 5.96 6
KDH Josef Bartončík 5.31 14
SNS Víťazoslav Móric 3.65 9
Coexistence–MKDM Miklós Duray 2.71 7
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
Marián Čalfa
VPN		 Marián Čalfa
VPN
Politics of Czechoslovakia
Constitution
  • Executive
  • Legislative
Elections
Administrative divisions
States
Dissolution
Foreign relations

Federal elections were held in Czechoslovakia on 8 and 9 June 1990,[1] alongside elections for the Czech and Slovak Assemblies.[2] They were the first elections held in the country since the Velvet Revolution seven months earlier. Voter turnout was 96.2%.[2]

The movement led by President Václav Havel emerged as the largest bloc, with majorities in both houses of parliament, with 87 seats in the House of the People and 83 seats in the House of Nations, something no party or alliance had achieved in a free election. The Czech wing, Civic Forum (OF), won 68 of the 150 seats in the House of the People and 50 of the 150 seats in the House of Nations, whilst its Slovak counterpart, Public Against Violence (VPN), won 19 seats in the House of the People and 33 in the House of Nations.[2][3] The Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, running in its first election since giving up power, made a stronger showing than expected, receiving 13 percent of the vote in both chambers, finishing second behind Civic Forum.[3]

Although OF and VPN had more than enough seats between them to govern without the support of other parties, they sought a broader base. They let it be known that they were willing to go into coalition with any party except the Communists and the Slovak National Party.[3]

Results

[edit]

House of the People

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats
Civic Forum3,851,17236.2068
Communist Party of Czechoslovakia1,445,40713.5923
Public Against Violence1,104,12510.3819
Christian Democratic Movement644,0086.0511
Christian and Democratic Union629,3595.929
Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia572,0155.389
Slovak National Party372,0253.506
Alliance of Farmers and the Countryside360,7793.390
Czechoslovak Social Democracy342,4553.220
Green Party332,9743.130
Coexistence–Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement296,5752.795
Czechoslovak Socialist Party201,5321.890
Democratic Party149,3101.400
People's Democratic Party–Rally for the Republic76,3380.720
Free Bloc64,0700.600
Freedom Party49,0120.460
Electoral Union of Interest Groups47,9710.450
Czechoslovakian Democratic Forum23,4280.220
Rómovia22,6700.210
Civil Liberties Movement22,1650.210
Movement of Czechoslovakian Understanding21,9790.210
Friends of Beer Party8,9430.080
Total10,638,312100.00150
Valid votes10,638,31298.73
Invalid/blank votes136,6291.27
Total votes10,774,941100.00
Registered voters/turnout11,195,59696.24
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

House of Nations

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats
Civic Forum3,613,51334.0350
Communist Party of Czechoslovakia1,452,65913.6824
Public Against Violence1,262,27811.8933
Movement for Autonomous Democracy–Party for Moravia and Silesia658,4776.207
Christian and Democratic Union633,0535.966
Christian Democratic Movement564,1725.3114
Slovak National Party387,3873.659
Alliance of Farmers and the Countryside359,4743.390
Czechoslovak Social Democracy352,6783.320
Green Party336,3103.170
Coexistence–Hungarian Christian Democratic Movement287,4262.717
Czechoslovak Socialist Party210,7351.980
Democratic Party124,5611.170
Free Bloc84,5530.800
People's Democratic Party–Rally for the Republic79,3240.750
Electoral Union of Interest Groups54,9160.520
Freedom Party42,1110.400
Czechoslovakian Democratic Forum32,5430.310
Movement of Czechoslovakian Understanding25,6720.240
Civil Liberties Movement22,1240.210
Rómovia20,4450.190
Friends of Beer Party13,8690.130
Total10,618,280100.00150
Valid votes10,618,28098.70
Invalid/blank votes139,7311.30
Total votes10,758,011100.00
Registered voters/turnout11,178,78096.24
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p471 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  2. ^ a b c Nohlen & Stöver, p472
  3. ^ a b c Kamm, Henry. Now, the Czech Reality; Political 'Amateurs,' After Free Elections, Turn to Problems Left by the Communists. The New York Times, 1990-06-11.
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