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{{Short description|none}}
{{Infobox election
{{Infobox legislative election
| election_name = 1920 Czechoslovak parliamentary election
| country = Czechoslovakia
| country = Czechoslovakia
| flag_year = 1920
| flag_year = 1920
| flag_image =
| election_date = 18 and 25 April 1920
| next_election = [[1925 Czechoslovak parliamentary election|1925]]
| type = parliamentary
| ongoing = no
| party_colour =
| party_name =
| alliance_name =
| previous_election =
| previous_year =
| previous_mps =
| election_date = 18 April & {{Start date|1920|04|25|df=y}}
| elected_mps =
| next_election = 1925 Czechoslovak parliamentary election
| next_year = 1925
| next_mps =
| seats_for_election= All 300 seats to the Chamber of Deputies<br />All 150 seats to the Senate
| majority_seats = 151
| turnout = 89.6% & 75.6%


| module = {{Infobox legislative election
| image1 = Němec Antonín.png
| embed = yes
| image1_size = 111px
| election_name = Chamber of Deputies
| colour1 =
| seats_for_election= 281 of the 300 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
| leader1 = [[Antonín Němec]]
| majority_seats = 141
| party1 = Czechoslovak Social Democracy
| first_election = yes
| leader_since1 =
| leaders_seat1 =
| last_election1 =
| seats_before1 =
| seats_needed1 =
| seats1 =
| seats_after1 = 74
| seat_change1 = {{increase}} 74
| popular_vote1 = '''1,590,520'''
| percentage1 = '''25.65%'''
| swing1 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->


| party1 = [[Czech Social Democratic Party|ČSDSD]] | leader1 = [[Antonín Němec]] | seats1 = 74 | percentage1 = 25.65
| image2 = Jan Šrámek.jpg
| party2 = [[KDU-ČSL|ČSL]] | leader2 = [[Jan Šrámek]] | seats2 = 33 | percentage2 = 11.29
| image2_size = 120px
| party3 = German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic | leader3 = [[Josef Seliger]] | seats3 = 31 | percentage3 = 11.12
| colour2 =
| party4 = Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants | leader4 = [[Antonín Švehla]] | seats4 = 28 | percentage4 = 9.74
| leader2 = [[Jan Šrámek]]<br />& [[František Šabata]]<br />& [[Andrej Hlinka]]
| party5 = [[Czech National Social Party|ČSNS]] | leader5 = [[Václav Klofáč]] | seats5 = 24 | percentage5 = 8.08
| party2 = Czechoslovak People's Party
| party6 = Czechoslovak National Democracy | leader6 = [[Karel Kramář]] | seats6 = 19 | percentage6 = 6.25
| alliance2 = <small>[[Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party|ČSL]]–[[Slovak People's Party|SĽS]]</small>
| party7 = [[German National Party|DNP]]–[[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|DNSAP]] | leader7 = [[Ernst Storch]] | seats7 = 15 | percentage7 = 5.30
| leader_since2 =
| party8 = [[Slovak National Party (historical)|SNRS]] | leader8 = [[Pavel Blaho]] | seats8 = 12 | percentage8 = 3.91
| leaders_seat2 =
| party9 = Farmers' League | leader9 = [[Franz Křepek]] | seats9 = 11 | percentage9 = 3.90
| last_election2 =
|party10 = German Christian Social People's Party |leader10 = |percentage10 = 3.43 |seats10 = 10 |last_election10 =
| seats_before2 =
|party11 = Provincial Christian-Socialist Party |leader11 = [[Jenő Lelley]] |percentage11 = 2.25 |seats11 = 5 |last_election11 =
| seats_needed2 =
|party12 = Czechoslovak Traders' Party |leader12 = [[Rudolf Mlčoch]] |percentage12 = 1.98 |seats12 = 6 |last_election12 =
| seats2 =
|party13 = Hungarian-German Social Democratic Party |leader13 = |percentage13 = 1.75 |seats13 = 4
| seats_after2 = 33
|party14 = [[German Liberal Party (Czechoslovakia)|DDFP]] |leader14 = |percentage14 = 1.70 |seats14 = 5 | color14 = #23B68A
| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 33
|party15 = Socialist Party of the Czechoslovak Working People |leader15 = [[František Modráček]] |percentage15 = 0.94 |seats15 = 3
| popular_vote2 = 699,728
|party16 = [[Hungarian National Party (Czechoslovakia)|OMKFP]] |leader16 = |percentage16 = 0.43 |seats16 = 1
| percentage2 = 11.29%
| swing2 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->


| module = {{Infobox legislative election
| image3 = Seliger Josef.png
| embed = yes
| image3_size = 110px
| election_name = Senate
| colour3 =
| seats_for_election= All 142 seats in the Senate
| leader3 = [[Josef Seliger]]
| majority_seats = 82
| party3 = German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic
| first_election = yes
| leader_since3 =
| leaders_seat3 =
| last_election3 =
| seats_before3 =
| seats_needed3 =
| seats3 =
| seats_after3 = 31
| seat_change3 = {{increase}} 31
| popular_vote3 = 689,589
| percentage3 = 11.12%
| swing3 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->


|party1 = [[Czech Social Democratic Party|ČSDSD]] |leader1 = [[Antonín Němec]] |percentage1 = 28.07 |seats1 = 41
| image4 = Antonín Švehla.jpg
|party2 = [[KDU-ČSL|ČSL]] |leader2 = [[Jan Šrámek]] |percentage2 = 11.91 |seats2 = 18
| image4_size = 104px
|party3 = German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic |leader3 = [[Josef Seliger]] |percentage3 = 11.35 |seats3 = 16
| colour4 =
| leader4 = [[Antonín Švehla]]
|party4 = Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants |leader4 = [[Antonín Švehla]] |percentage4 = 10.15 |seats4 = 14
|party5 = [[Czech National Social Party|ČSNS]] | leader5 = [[Václav Klofáč]] |percentage5 = 7.15 |seats5 = 10
| party4 = Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants
|party6 = Czechoslovak National Democracy |leader6 = [[Karel Kramář]] |percentage6 = 6.78 |seats6 = 10
| leader_since4 =
|party7 = [[German National Party|DNP]]–[[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|DNSAP]] | leader7 = [[Ernst Storch]] |percentage7 = 5.75 |seats7 = 8
| leaders_seat4 =
|party8 = Farmers' League |leader8 = [[Franz Křepek]] |percentage8 = 4.03 |seats8 = 6
| last_election4 =
|party9 = [[Slovak National Party (historical)|SNRS]] | leader9 = [[Pavel Blaho]] |percentage9 = 3.47 |seats9 = 6
| seats_before4 =
|party10 = German Christian Social People's Party |leader10 = |percentage10 = 2.70 |seats10 = 4
| seats_needed4 =
|party11 = Czechoslovak Traders' Party |leader11 = [[Rudolf Mlčoch]] |percentage11 = 2.06 |seats11 = 3
| seats4 =
|party12 = Provincial Christian-Socialist Party |leader12 = [[Jenő Lelley]] |percentage12 = 1.92 |seats12 = 2
| seats_after4 = 28
|party13 = [[Hungarian National Party (Czechoslovakia)|OMKFP]] |leader13 = |percentage13 = 0.77 |seats13 = 1
| seat_change4 = {{increase}} 28
| popular_vote4 = 603,618
| percentage4 = 9.74%
| swing4 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->

| image5 = Václav Klofáč - barva.jpg
| image5_size = 102px
| colour5 =
| leader5 = [[Václav Klofáč]]
| party5 = Czechoslovak National Socialist Party
| alliance5 =
| leader_since5 =
| leaders_seat5 =
| last_election5 =
| seats_before5 =
| seats_needed5 =
| seats5 =
| seats_after5 = 24
| seat_change5 = {{increase}} 24
| popular_vote5 = 500,821
| percentage5 = 8.08%
| swing5 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->

| image6 = Karel Kramář 1920s.jpg
| image6_size = 102px
| colour6 =
| leader6 = [[Karel Kramář]]
| party6 = Czechoslovak National Democracy
| alliance6 =
| leader_since6 =
| leaders_seat6 =
| last_election6 =
| seats_before6 =
| seats_needed6 =
| seats6 =
| seats_after6 = 19
| seat_change6 = {{increase}} 19
| popular_vote6 = 387,552
| percentage6 = 6.25%
| swing6 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->

| image7 =
| image7_size =
| colour7 =
| leader7 = [[Ernst Storch]]
| party7 = German National Party
| alliance7 = <small>[[German National Party|DNP]]–[[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|DNSAP]]</small>
| leader_since7 =
| leaders_seat7 =
| last_election7 =
| seats_before7 =
| seats_needed7 =
| seats7 =
| seats_after7 = 15
| seat_change7 = {{increase}} 15
| popular_vote7 = 328,735
| percentage7 = 5.30%
| swing7 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->

| image8 = Pavel Blaho.jpg
| image8_size = 100px
| colour8 =
| leader8 = [[Pavel Blaho]]
| party8 = Slovak National and Peasant Party
| leader_since8 =
| leaders_seat8 =
| last_election8 =
| seats_before8 =
| seats_needed8 =
| seats8 =
| seats_after8 = 12
| seat_change8 = {{increase}} 12
| popular_vote8 = 242,045
| percentage8 = 3.91%
| swing8 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->

| image9 = Franz Křepek.jpg
| image9_size = 116px
| colour9 =
| leader9 = [[Franz Křepek]]
| party9 = Farmers' League
| leader_since9 =
| leaders_seat9 =
| last_election9 =
| seats_before9 =
| seats_needed9 =
| seats9 =
| seats_after9 = 11
| seat_change9 = {{increase}} 11
| popular_vote9 = 241,747
| percentage9 = 3.90%
| swing9 = <!-- legislative or parliamentary only-->


| title = [[List of Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia|Prime Minister]]
| title = [[List of Prime Ministers of Czechoslovakia|Prime Minister]]
| before_election = [[Vlastimil Tusar]]
| before_election = [[Vlastimil Tusar]]
| before_party = Czechoslovak Social Democracy
| before_party = [[Czechoslovak Social Democracy|ČSDSD]]
| after_election = [[Jan Černý]]
| after_election = [[Vlastimil Tusar]]
| after_party =
| after_party = [[Czechoslovak Social Democracy|ČSDSD]]
}}{{Politics of Czechoslovakia}}
'''Parliamentary elections''' were held in [[Czechoslovakia]] on 18 and 25 April 1920.<ref name=DN>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p471 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> Members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected on 18 April and members of the Senate on 25 April.<ref name="CramptonCrampton2016">{{cite book|author1=Richard Crampton|author2=Benjamin Crampton|title=Atlas of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zmVuBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA59|date=11 June 2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-79952-8|pages=58–60}}</ref> The election had initially been planned for mid- or late 1919, but had been postponed.<ref name="igi">Duin, P.C. van. ''[http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2007-0126-201011/c9.pdf Central European Cross-roads: Social Democracy and National Revolution in Bratislava (Pressburg), 1867-1921] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724171913/http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2007-0126-201011/c9.pdf |date=2011-07-24 }}''</ref>


|map=CS 1920 Election.svg
==Aftermath==
|map_caption=Chamber of Deputies results. Elections were not held in the bright yellow areas; in Ruthenia they were delayed until 1924 due to security concerns<ref>{{cite book |title=Národní shromáždění republiky Československé v prvém desítiletí. |publisher=Národní shromáždění ČSR. Poslanecká sněmovna. Předsednictvo |location=Praha |page=1339 |url=https://kramerius5.nkp.cz/view/uuid:39d97c00-05a3-11e4-89c6-005056827e51?page=uuid:08a2d7c0-46cc-11e4-af1d-001018b5eb5c}}</ref>
}}}}}}{{Politics of Czechoslovakia}}


Parliamentary elections were held in [[Czechoslovakia]] on 18 and 25 April 1920.<ref name=DN>[[Dieter Nohlen]] & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p471 {{ISBN|978-3-8329-5609-7}}</ref> Members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected on 18 April and members of the Senate on 25 April.<ref name="CramptonCrampton2016">{{cite book|author1=Richard Crampton|author2=Benjamin Crampton|title=Atlas of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zmVuBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA59|date=11 June 2016|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-317-79952-8|pages=58–60}}</ref> The elections had initially been planned for mid- or late 1919, but had been postponed.<ref name="igi">Duin, P.C. van. ''[http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2007-0126-201011/c9.pdf Central European Cross-roads: Social Democracy and National Revolution in Bratislava (Pressburg), 1867–1921] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724171913/http://igitur-archive.library.uu.nl/dissertations/2007-0126-201011/c9.pdf |date=2011-07-24 }}''</ref>
Out of the 300 Chamber of Deputies seats 281 were filled, as no elections were held in [[Hlučín Region]] (part of the Moravská Ostrava electoral district, resulting in 1 less deputy elected from that district), the [[Těšín electoral district (Czechoslovakia)|Těšín electoral district]] (9 deputies) and the [[Užhorod electoral district (Czechoslovakia)|Užhorod electoral district]] (9 deputies).<ref>{{cite book|title=Jahrbuch des öffentlichen Rechts der Gegenwart|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mc_NAAAAMAAJ|volume=17-18|year=1929|publisher=J. C. B. Mohr (P. Siebeck)|page=241}}</ref><ref name="Bauer1926">{{cite book|author=Otto Bauer|title=Der Kampf: sozialdemokratische Monatsschrift|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CosZAAAAMAAJ|volume=19|year=1926|publisher=Verlag Volksbuchhandlung|page=12}}</ref><ref name="vw">{{cite book|title="Volkswohl"; wissenschaftliche Monatsschrift|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0CkeAQAAIAAJ|volume=11-12|year=1920|page=205}}</ref><ref name="Balling1991-417">{{cite book|author=Mads Ole Balling|title=Von Reval bis Bukarest: Einleitung, Systematik, Quellen und Methoden, Estland, Lettland, Litauen, Polen, Tschechoslowakei|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r9uzAAAAIAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Dokumentation Verlag|isbn=978-87-983829-3-5|page=417}}</ref> 16 parties won parliamentary representation.<ref name="Lee1989">{{cite book|author=Joseph Lee|title=Ireland, 1912-1985: Politics and Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KiIZ_x8IWQUC&pg=PA80|year=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-37741-6|page=80}}</ref> Voter turnout was 89.6% for the Chamber election and 75.6% for the Senate.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, p472</ref>


==Results==
The [[Czech Social Democratic Party|Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party]] (ČSDSD) emerged as the largest party in the 1920 election, with 25.7% of the vote for the Chamber of Deputies, 74 deputies elected, 28.1% of the vote for the Senate and 41 senators elected.<ref name="CramptonCrampton2016"/> Amongst the Czech voters, the 1920 election outcome was marked by remarkable stability compared to the [[1911 Cisleithanian legislative election|1911 election]].<ref name="Leff2014"/> The gap between Czech socialist and bourgeois parties had only moved by 0.4% compared to the 1911 result.<ref name="Leff2014">{{cite book|author=Carol Skalnik Leff|title=National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, 1918-1987|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JAAABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA67|date=14 July 2014|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-5921-4|pages=48–49, 67}}</ref>
281 of the 300 Chamber of Deputies seats 281 were unfilled as elections were not held in [[Hlučín Region]] (part of the Moravská Ostrava electoral district, resulting in one less deputy being elected from that district), the [[Těšín electoral district (Czechoslovakia)|Těšín electoral district]] (nine deputies) and the [[Užhorod electoral district (Czechoslovakia)|Užhorod electoral district]] (nine deputies).<ref>{{cite book|title=Jahrbuch des öffentlichen Rechts der Gegenwart|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mc_NAAAAMAAJ|volume=17-18|year=1929|publisher=J. C. B. Mohr (P. Siebeck)|page=241}}</ref><ref name="Bauer1926">{{cite book|author=Otto Bauer|title=Der Kampf: sozialdemokratische Monatsschrift|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CosZAAAAMAAJ|volume=19|year=1926|publisher=Verlag Volksbuchhandlung|page=12}}</ref><ref name="vw">{{cite book|title="Volkswohl"; wissenschaftliche Monatsschrift|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0CkeAQAAIAAJ|volume=11-12|year=1920|page=205}}</ref><ref name="Balling1991-417">{{cite book|author=Mads Ole Balling|title=Von Reval bis Bukarest: Einleitung, Systematik, Quellen und Methoden, Estland, Lettland, Litauen, Polen, Tschechoslowakei|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=r9uzAAAAIAAJ|year=1991|publisher=Dokumentation Verlag|isbn=978-87-983829-3-5|page=417}}</ref> 16 parties won parliamentary representation.<ref name="Lee1989">{{cite book|author=Joseph Lee|title=Ireland, 1912–1985: Politics and Society|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KiIZ_x8IWQUC&pg=PA80|year=1989|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-37741-6|page=80}}</ref> Voter turnout was 90% for the Chamber election and 76% for the Senate.<ref>Nohlen & Stöver, p472</ref>

The [[Czech Social Democratic Party|Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party]] (ČSDSD) emerged as the largest party in the 1920 election, with 26% of the vote and 74 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 28% of the vote and 41 seats in the Senate and 41 senators elected.<ref name="CramptonCrampton2016"/> Amongst the Czech voters, the 1920 election outcome was marked by remarkable stability compared to the [[1911 Cisleithanian legislative election|1911 election]].<ref name="Leff2014"/> The gap between Czech socialist and bourgeois parties had only moved by 0.4% compared to the 1911 result.<ref name="Leff2014">{{cite book|author=Carol Skalnik Leff|title=National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, 1918–1987|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JAAABAAAQBAJ&pg=PA67|date=14 July 2014|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-5921-4|pages=48–49, 67}}</ref>


==Results==
===Chamber of Deputies===
===Chamber of Deputies===
{{Election results
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|image=[[File:National Assembly of Czechoslovakia 1920.svg]]
|-
|party1=[[Czech Social Democratic Party|Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party]]|votes1=1590520|seats1=74
!colspan=2|Party
|party2=[[KDU-ČSL|Czechoslovak People's Party]]-[[Slovak People's Party]]|votes2=699728|seats2=33
!Nationality
|party3=[[German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic|German Social Democratic Workers' Party]]|votes3=689589|seats3=31
!Votes
|party4=[[Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants | Republican Party of the Czechoslovak Countryside]]|votes4=603618|seats4=28
!%
|party5=[[Czech National Social Party|Czechoslovak Socialist Party]]|votes5=500821|seats5=24
!Seats
|party6=[[Czechoslovak National Democracy]]|votes6=387552|seats6=19
|-
|party7=[[German National Party]]–[[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|German National Socialist Workers' Party]]|votes7=328735|seats7=15
|bgcolor="{{party color|Czech Social Democratic Party}}"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Czech Social Democratic Party|Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party]]||align=left|Czechoslovak||1,590,520||25.65||74
|party8=[[Slovak National Party (historical)|Slovak National and Peasant Party]]|votes8=242045|seats8=12
|-
|party9=[[Farmers' League]]|votes9=241747|seats9=11
|bgcolor="#36454F"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Czechoslovak People's Party]]||align=left|Czechoslovak||699,728||11.29||33
|party10=[[German Christian Social People's Party]]|votes10=212913|seats10=10
|-
|party11=[[Provincial Christian-Socialist Party]]|votes11=139355|seats11=5
|bgcolor="#FA5A42"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic|German Social Democratic Workers' Party]]||align=left|German||689,589||11.12||31
|party12=[[Czechoslovak Traders' Party]]|votes12=122813|seats12=6
|-
|party13=[[Hungarian-German Social Democratic Party]]|votes13=108546|seats13=4
|bgcolor="#008000"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants]]||align=left|Czechoslovak||603,618||9.74||28
|party14=[[German Liberal Party (Czechoslovakia)|German Democratic Freedom Party]]|votes14=105449|seats14=5|color14=#23B68A
|-
|party15=[[Associated Jewish Parties (Czechoslovakia)|Associated Jewish Parties ]]|votes15=79714|seats15=0|color15=#291CE8
|bgcolor="{{party color|Czech National Social Party}}"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Czech National Social Party|Czechoslovak Socialist Party]]||align=left|Czechoslovak||500,821||8.08||24
|party16=[[Socialist Party of the Czechoslovak Working People]]|votes16=58580|seats16=3
|-
|party17=Party of Smallholders, Homeowners and Entrepreneurs of Czechoslovakia|votes17=42670|seats17=0|color17=#7FFFD4
|bgcolor="#1034A6"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Czechoslovak National Democracy]]||align=left|Czechoslovak||387,552||6.25||19
|party18=[[Hungarian National Party (Czechoslovakia)|Hungarian Provincial Party of Smallholders and Agrarians]]|votes18=26520|seats18=1
|-
|party19=German Free Social Party|votes19=7630|seats19=0|color19=#DFFF00
|bgcolor="{{party color|German National Socialist Workers' Party}}"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[German National Party]]–[[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|German National Socialist Workers' Party]]||align=left|German||328,735||5.30||15
|party20=Independent Party of Small People|votes20=5252|seats20=0|color20=#004953
|-
|party21=Hungarian National Party|votes21=4214|seats21=0|color21=#00693E
|bgcolor="{{party color|Slovak National and Peasant Party}}"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Slovak National Party (historical)|Slovak National and Peasant Party]]||align=left|Slovak||242,045||3.91||12
|party22=Slavic Socialist Party|votes22=2024|seats22=0|color22=#00B7EB
|-
|electorate=6917956
|bgcolor="#00693E"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Farmers' League]]||align=left|German||241,747||3.90||11
}}
|-
|bgcolor="#AA98A9"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[German Christian Social People's Party]]||align=left|German||212,913||3.43||10
|-
|bgcolor="#915F6D"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Provincial Christian-Socialist Party]]||align=left|Hungarian||139,355||2.25||5
|-
|bgcolor="{{party color|Czechoslovak Traders' Party}}"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Czechoslovak Traders' Party]]||align=left|Czechoslovak||122,813||1.98||6
|-
|bgcolor="#FFA000"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Hungarian-German Social Democratic Party]]||align=left|Hungarian||108,546||1.75||4
|-
|bgcolor="#FFFF00"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[German Liberal Party (Czechoslovakia)|German Liberal Party]]||align=left|German||105,449||1.70||5
|-
|bgcolor="#DAA520"|&nbsp;||align=left|United Jewish Parties||align=left|Jewish||79,714||1.29||0
|-
|bgcolor="#C41E3A"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Socialist Party of the Czechoslovak Working People]]||align=left|Czechoslovak||58,580||0.94||3
|-
|bgcolor="#7FFFD4"|&nbsp;||align=left|Party of Smallholders, Cottiers and Entrepreneurs of Czechoslovakia||align=left|Czechoslovak||42,670||0.69||0
|-
|bgcolor="#7BA05B"|&nbsp;||align=left|[[Hungarian National Party (Czechoslovakia)|Hungarian Provincial Party of Smallholders and Agrarians]]||align=left|Hungarian||26,520||0.43||1
|-
|bgcolor="#DFFF00"|&nbsp;||align=left|German Free Social Party||align=left|German||7,630||0.12||0
|-
|bgcolor="#004953"|&nbsp;||align=left|Independent Party of Small People||align=left|Czechoslovak||5,252||0.08||0
|-
|bgcolor="#00693E"|&nbsp;||align=left|Hungarian National Party||align=left|Hungarian||4,214||0.07||0
|-
|bgcolor="#00B7EB"|&nbsp;||align=left|Slavic Socialist Party||align=left|Czechoslovak||2,024||0.03||0
|-
|align=left colspan=3|'''Total'''||'''6,200,035'''||'''100'''||'''281'''
|}


===Senate===
===Senate===
{{Election results
{| class=wikitable style=text-align:right
|party1=[[Czech Social Democratic Party|Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party]]|votes1=1466958|seats1=41
!Party
|party2=[[KDU-ČSL|Czechoslovak People's Party]]-[[Slovak People's Party]]|votes2=622406|seats2=18
!Votes
|party3=[[German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic|German Social Democratic Workers' Party]]|votes3=593344|seats3=16
!%
|party4=[[Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants|Republican Party of the Czechoslovak Countryside]]|votes4=530388|seats4=14
!Seats
|party5=[[Czech National Social Party|Czechoslovak Socialist Party]]|votes5=373913|seats5=10
|-
|party6=[[Czechoslovak National Democracy]]|votes6=354561|seats6=10
|align=left|[[Czech Social Democratic Party|Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party]]||1,466,958||28.07||41
|party7=[[German National Party]]–[[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|German National Socialist Workers' Party]]|votes7=300287|seats7=8
|-
|party8=[[Farmers' League]]|votes8=210700|seats8=6
|align=left|[[Czechoslovak People's Party]]||622,406||11.91||18
|party9=[[Slovak National Party (historical)|Slovak National and Peasant Party]]|votes9=181289|seats9=6
|-
|party10=[[German Christian Social People's Party]]|votes10=141334|seats10=4
|align=left|[[German Social Democratic Workers' Party in the Czechoslovak Republic|German Social Democratic Workers' Party]]||539,344||11.35||16
|party11=[[Czechoslovak Traders' Party]]|votes11=107674|seats11=3
|-
|party12=[[Provincial Christian-Socialist Party]]|votes12=100658|seats12=2
|align=left|[[Republican Party of Farmers and Peasants]]||530,388||10.15||14
|party14=[[Associated Jewish Parties (Czechoslovakia)|Associated Jewish Parties]]|votes14=59913|seats14=0|color14=#291CE8
|-
|party15=[[Hungarian National Party (Czechoslovakia)|Hungarian Provincial Smallholders' and Farmers' Part]]|votes15=40302|seats15=1
|align=left|[[Czech National Social Party|Czechoslovak Socialist Party]]||395,844||7.57||10
|party16=Party of Smallholders, Homeowners and Entrepreneurs of Czechoslovakia|votes16=21931|seats16=0|color16=#7FFFD4
|-
|align=left|[[National Democratic Party (Czechoslovakia)|Czechoslovak National Democracy]]||354,561||6.78||10
|party17=[[German Liberal Party (Czechoslovakia)|German Democratic Freedom Party]]|votes17=21199|seats17=3|sspan17=2|color17=#23B68A
|party18=Other German parties|votes18=96904
|-
|party19=[[Socialist Party of the Czechoslovak Working People]]|votes19=3050|seats19=0
|align=left|[[German National Party]]–[[German National Socialist Workers' Party (Czechoslovakia)|German National Socialist Workers' Party]]||300,333||5.7||8
|electorate=6917956
|-
|source=Nohlen & Stöver,. [https://www.ndk.cz/view/uuid:fb0cf3b0-4089-11ec-b757-005056827e51?page=uuid:8ef6c1d9-3647-4131-8d99-6313be520699&fulltext=622.406 Electoral Office]
|align=left|[[Farmers' League]]||210,724||4.0||6
}}
|-
|align=left|[[Slovak National Party (historical)|Slovak National and Peasant Party]]||181,289||3.47||6
|-
|align=left|[[German Christian Social People's Party]]||141,495||2.7||4
|-
|align=left|[[Czechoslovak Traders' Party]]||107,674||2.06||3
|-
|align=left|[[Provincial Christian-Socialist Party]]||100,371||1.92||2
|-
|align=left|Other parties||275,424||5.30||4
|-
|align=left|'''Total'''||'''5,226,811'''||'''100'''||'''142'''
|-
|colspan=4 align=left|Source: Nohlen & Stöver
|}


==See also==
==See also==
Line 298: Line 131:
[[Category:1920 elections in Czechoslovakia|Parliamentary election]]
[[Category:1920 elections in Czechoslovakia|Parliamentary election]]
[[Category:Legislative elections in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Legislative elections in Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:April 1920 events]]
[[Category:April 1920 events|Czechoslovakia]]
[[Category:Election and referendum articles with incomplete results]]

Latest revision as of 14:55, 1 December 2024

1920 Czechoslovak parliamentary election
Czechoslovakia
18 and 25 April 1920 1925 →
Chamber of Deputies
281 of the 300 seats in the Chamber of Deputies
141 seats needed for a majority
Party Leader Vote % Seats
ČSDSD Antonín Němec 25.65 74
ČSL Jan Šrámek 11.29 33
DSAP Josef Seliger 11.12 31
RSZML Antonín Švehla 9.74 28
ČSNS Václav Klofáč 8.08 24
ČsND Karel Kramář 6.25 19
DNP–DNSAP Ernst Storch 5.30 15
SNRS Pavel Blaho 3.91 12
BdL Franz Křepek 3.90 11
DCVP 3.43 10
OKSZP Jenő Lelley 2.25 5
ČŽOS Rudolf Mlčoch 1.98 6
UDPS 1.75 4
DDFP 1.70 5
SSČLP František Modráček 0.94 3
OMKFP 0.43 1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Senate
All 142 seats in the Senate
82 seats needed for a majority
Party Leader Vote % Seats
ČSDSD Antonín Němec 28.07 41
ČSL Jan Šrámek 11.91 18
DSAP Josef Seliger 11.35 16
RSZML Antonín Švehla 10.15 14
ČSNS Václav Klofáč 7.15 10
ČsND Karel Kramář 6.78 10
DNP–DNSAP Ernst Storch 5.75 8
BdL Franz Křepek 4.03 6
SNRS Pavel Blaho 3.47 6
DCVP 2.70 4
ČŽOS Rudolf Mlčoch 2.06 3
OKSZP Jenő Lelley 1.92 2
OMKFP 0.77 1
This lists parties that won seats. See the complete results below.
Chamber of Deputies results. Elections were not held in the bright yellow areas; in Ruthenia they were delayed until 1924 due to security concerns[1]
Prime Minister before Prime Minister after
Vlastimil Tusar
ČSDSD		 Vlastimil Tusar
ČSDSD
Politics of Czechoslovakia
Constitution
  • Executive
  • Legislative
Elections
Administrative divisions
States
Dissolution
Foreign relations

Parliamentary elections were held in Czechoslovakia on 18 and 25 April 1920.[2] Members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected on 18 April and members of the Senate on 25 April.[3] The elections had initially been planned for mid- or late 1919, but had been postponed.[4]

Results

[edit]

281 of the 300 Chamber of Deputies seats 281 were unfilled as elections were not held in Hlučín Region (part of the Moravská Ostrava electoral district, resulting in one less deputy being elected from that district), the Těšín electoral district (nine deputies) and the Užhorod electoral district (nine deputies).[5][6][7][8] 16 parties won parliamentary representation.[9] Voter turnout was 90% for the Chamber election and 76% for the Senate.[10]

The Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party (ČSDSD) emerged as the largest party in the 1920 election, with 26% of the vote and 74 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 28% of the vote and 41 seats in the Senate and 41 senators elected.[3] Amongst the Czech voters, the 1920 election outcome was marked by remarkable stability compared to the 1911 election.[11] The gap between Czech socialist and bourgeois parties had only moved by 0.4% compared to the 1911 result.[11]

Chamber of Deputies

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats
Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party1,590,52025.6574
Czechoslovak People's Party-Slovak People's Party699,72811.2933
German Social Democratic Workers' Party689,58911.1231
Republican Party of the Czechoslovak Countryside603,6189.7428
Czechoslovak Socialist Party500,8218.0824
Czechoslovak National Democracy387,5526.2519
German National Party–German National Socialist Workers' Party328,7355.3015
Slovak National and Peasant Party242,0453.9012
Farmers' League241,7473.9011
German Christian Social People's Party212,9133.4310
Provincial Christian-Socialist Party139,3552.255
Czechoslovak Traders' Party122,8131.986
Hungarian-German Social Democratic Party108,5461.754
German Democratic Freedom Party105,4491.705
Associated Jewish Parties 79,7141.290
Socialist Party of the Czechoslovak Working People58,5800.943
Party of Smallholders, Homeowners and Entrepreneurs of Czechoslovakia42,6700.690
Hungarian Provincial Party of Smallholders and Agrarians26,5200.431
German Free Social Party7,6300.120
Independent Party of Small People5,2520.080
Hungarian National Party4,2140.070
Slavic Socialist Party2,0240.030
Total6,200,035100.00281
Registered voters/turnout6,917,956–

Senate

[edit]
PartyVotes%Seats
Czechoslovak Social Democratic Workers' Party1,466,95828.0741
Czechoslovak People's Party-Slovak People's Party622,40611.9118
German Social Democratic Workers' Party593,34411.3516
Republican Party of the Czechoslovak Countryside530,38810.1514
Czechoslovak Socialist Party373,9137.1510
Czechoslovak National Democracy354,5616.7810
German National Party–German National Socialist Workers' Party300,2875.758
Farmers' League210,7004.036
Slovak National and Peasant Party181,2893.476
German Christian Social People's Party141,3342.704
Czechoslovak Traders' Party107,6742.063
Provincial Christian-Socialist Party100,6581.932
Associated Jewish Parties59,9131.150
Hungarian Provincial Smallholders' and Farmers' Part40,3020.771
Party of Smallholders, Homeowners and Entrepreneurs of Czechoslovakia21,9310.420
German Democratic Freedom Party21,1990.413
Other German parties96,9041.85
Socialist Party of the Czechoslovak Working People3,0500.060
Total5,226,811100.00142
Registered voters/turnout6,917,956–
Source: Nohlen & Stöver,. Electoral Office

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Národní shromáždění republiky Československé v prvém desítiletí. Praha: Národní shromáždění ČSR. Poslanecká sněmovna. Předsednictvo. p. 1339.
  2. ^ Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p471 ISBN 978-3-8329-5609-7
  3. ^ a b Richard Crampton; Benjamin Crampton (11 June 2016). Atlas of Eastern Europe in the Twentieth Century. Routledge. pp. 58–60. ISBN 978-1-317-79952-8.
  4. ^ Duin, P.C. van. Central European Cross-roads: Social Democracy and National Revolution in Bratislava (Pressburg), 1867–1921 Archived 2011-07-24 at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ Jahrbuch des öffentlichen Rechts der Gegenwart. Vol. 17–18. J. C. B. Mohr (P. Siebeck). 1929. p. 241.
  6. ^ Otto Bauer (1926). Der Kampf: sozialdemokratische Monatsschrift. Vol. 19. Verlag Volksbuchhandlung. p. 12.
  7. ^ "Volkswohl"; wissenschaftliche Monatsschrift. Vol. 11–12. 1920. p. 205.
  8. ^ Mads Ole Balling (1991). Von Reval bis Bukarest: Einleitung, Systematik, Quellen und Methoden, Estland, Lettland, Litauen, Polen, Tschechoslowakei. Dokumentation Verlag. p. 417. ISBN 978-87-983829-3-5.
  9. ^ Joseph Lee (1989). Ireland, 1912–1985: Politics and Society. Cambridge University Press. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-521-37741-6.
  10. ^ Nohlen & Stöver, p472
  11. ^ a b Carol Skalnik Leff (14 July 2014). National Conflict in Czechoslovakia: The Making and Remaking of a State, 1918–1987. Princeton University Press. pp. 48–49, 67. ISBN 978-1-4008-5921-4.
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