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Coordinates: 68°13′13″N 135°00′42″W / 68.22028°N 135.01167°W / 68.22028; -135.01167
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{{for multi|the Hudson's Bay Company vessel|Aklavik (HBC vessel)|the First Nation|Aklavik First Nation}}
{{Infobox Settlement
{{use Canadian English|date=March 2019}}
| name = Aklavik
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}}
| native_name = Akłarvik
{{Infobox settlement
|other_name =
| name = Aklavik
{{Location map polarx
| native_name = Akłarvik
| CanadaGeo
| settlement_type = [[Hamlet (place)|Hamlet]]
| caption =
| lon_shift = 4.1
| image_flag =
| motto = ''Never Say Die''<ref>[http://www.aklavik.ca/?p=about_aklavik About Aklavik]</ref>
| label=Aklavik
| image_skyline=Aklavik1.jpg
| label-size=70 | lat_skew=1.2
| image_caption=Aklavik in early-February 2008
| background = #DDDD22<!--(yellow) aqua=#44CCDD-->
| pushpin_map = Canada Northwest Territories#Canada
| position=top<!--left/right/bottom-->
| subdivision_type = Country
| lat = 68.22 <!--41.3 to 91.1 -->
| subdivision_name = Canada
| long = -135.0 <!--55.1 to 125.1W-->
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Territory]]
| mark=Green_pog.svg
| subdivision_name1 = [[Northwest Territories]]
| marksize=6 <!-- default 8, 1=none-->
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of regions of the Northwest Territories|Region]]
| width=250 <!--map width-->
| subdivision_name2 = [[Inuvik Region]]
| float=right <!--left/center-->
| subdivision_type3 = [[Constituency]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Mackenzie Delta (electoral district)|Mackenzie Delta]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[Census geographic units of Canada|Census division]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[Region 1, Northwest Territories|Region 1]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Jordan McLeod
| leader_title1 = Senior Administrative Officer
| leader_name1 = Fred Behrens
| leader_title2 = [[Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories|MLA]]
| leader_name2 = [[Frederick Blake Jr.]]
| established_title = Incorporated (hamlet)
| established_date = 1 January 1974
| area_footnotes = <ref name="2016census"/>
| area_land_km2 = 14.47
| elevation_m = 6
| coordinates = {{coord|68|13|13|N|135|00|42|W|type:city(594)_region:CA-NT_scale:30000|display=inline,title}}
| population_footnotes = <ref name="2016census"/>
| population_as_of = 2016
| population_total = 590
| population_density_km2 = 40.8
| timezone = [[Mountain Time Zone|MST]]
| utc_offset = – 07:00
| timezone_DST = MDT
| utc_offset_DST = −6
| postal_code_type = [[Canadian Postal code]]
| postal_code = [[List of X postal codes of Canada|X]]0E 0A0
| area_code = [[Area code 867|867]]
| blank_name = [[Telephone exchange]]
| blank_info = 375 878 978
| blank2_name = Prices
| blank3_name = – Living cost
| blank3_info = 162.5{{ref|A|A}}
| blank4_name = – Food price index
| blank4_info = 170.5{{ref|B|B}}
| website = [http://www.aklavik.ca/ www.aklavik.ca]
| footnotes = Sources:<br>Department of Municipal and Community Affairs<ref name="CGDL"/><br>Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre<ref name="pwhc"/><br>Canada Flight Supplement<ref name="ReferenceA">{{CFS}}</ref><br>{{note|A|A}}2013 figure based on [[Edmonton]] = 100<ref name="comstat"/><br>{{note|B|B}}2015 figure based on [[Yellowknife]] = 100<ref name="comstat"/><br>Elevation at airport<ref name="ReferenceA">{{CFS}}</ref>
}}
}}
| settlement_type = [[Hamlet (place)|Hamlet]]
| motto = ''Never Say Die''
|image_skyline =
|imagesize =
|image_caption =
|image_flag =
|flag_size =
|image_seal =
|seal_size =
|image_shield =
|shield_size =
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name = [[Canada]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces and territories of Canada|Territory]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Northwest Territories]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Regions of the Northwest Territories|Region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Inuvik Region]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Constituency]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Mackenzie Delta (electoral district)|Mackenzie Delta]]
| subdivision_type4 = [[Census geographic units of Canada|Census division]]
| subdivision_name4 = [[Inuvik Region, Northwest Territories]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Knute Hansen
| leader_title1 = Senior Administrative Officer
| leader_name1 = Evelyn Storr
| leader_title2 = [[Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories|MLA]]
| leader_name2 = [[David Krutko]]
| established_title = Incorporated (hamlet)
| established_date = [[1 January]] [[1974]]
| area_land_km2 = 8.16
| elevation_m = 7
|latd= 68.22955
|longd=-134.99007
| population_total = 594
| population_density_km2 = 72.8
| timezone = Mountain (MST)
| utc_offset = −7
| timezone_DST = MDT
| utc_offset_DST = −6
| postal_code_type = [[Canadian Postal code]]
| postal_code = [[List of X postal codes of Canada|X]]0E 0A0
| area_code = [[Area code 867|867]]
| blank_name = [[Telephone exchange]]
| blank_info = 978
| footnotes = Sources:<br>Community Governance Data List<ref name="CGDL"/>,<br>2006 Canada Census<ref name="2006census">[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/profiles/community/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6107025&Geo2=PR&Code2=61&Data=Count&SearchText=Aklavik&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=&GeoCode=6107025 2006 Canada Census]</ref>,<br>Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre<ref name="pwhc"/>,<br>Canada Flight Supplement<ref>{{CFS}}</ref>
}}
'''Aklavik''' (from the [[Inuvialuktun]] meaning [[Grizzly bear|barren-ground grizzly]] place) is a [[Hamlet (place)|hamlet]] located in the [[Inuvik Region]] of the [[Northwest Territories]], [[Canada]]. Until 1961, the community served as the regional administrative center for the territorial government. Building conditions at the time considered to be unsuitable resulted in the development of [[Inuvik, Northwest Territories|Inuvik]] to the east, meant to entirely replace Aklavik. However, many residents have persevered and kept Aklavik as a vibrant community. The current mayor of Aklavik is Knute Hansen, whose term lasts until 2010.<ref name="CGDL">[http://www.maca.gov.nt.ca/governments/printpage.asp?Other=FALSE Community Governance Data List]</ref>


'''Aklavik''' {{IPAc-en|ə|ˈ|k|l|æ|v|ɪ|k}} ([[Inuvialuktun]]: ''Akłarvik'') (from the [[Inuvialuktun]] meaning ''[[Grizzly bear|barrenground grizzly]] place''<ref name="pwhc"/>) is a [[Hamlet (place)#Canada|hamlet]] located in the [[Inuvik Region]] of the [[Northwest Territories]], Canada. Until 1961, with a population over 1,500, the community served as the regional administrative centre for the territorial government.
==Demographics==

The total population of Aklavik as of 2006 is 597.
Because of repeated flooding in this area, the government developed [[Inuvik]] {{convert|63|km|abbr=on}} to the east. It was meant to entirely replace Aklavik, but many of the residents of the original community persevered and kept Aklavik going. Its 2018 population was 623. The hamlet's mayor is Andrew Charlie.<ref name="CGDL">{{MACANT|aklavik|Aklavik|2018-02-23}}</ref>
Aklavik is located in the North West Territories, a northern area of Canada. the community had a majority of [[Inuvialuit]] ([[Uummarmiut]]) (375) residents but also a number of [[First Nations]] (140) and [[Métis people (Canada)|Métis]] (35) people, along with 50 non-aboriginals.<ref>[http://www12.statcan.ca/english/Profil01/AP01/Details/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6107025&Geo2=PR&Code2=61&Data=Count&SearchText=Aklavik&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&GeoLevel=&GeoCode=6107025 2001 Canada Census - Aboriginal population]</ref> This mixture of [[Aboriginal peoples in Canada|aboriginal people]] in the Northwest Territories is uncommon in the smaller communities. The main languages spoken here are [[Gwich’in language|Gwich’in]], Inuvialuktun and [[English language|English]].<ref>[http://www.assembly.gov.nt.ca/_live/pages/wpPages/mapaklavik.aspx Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories, Aklavik profile]</ref>


==History==
==History==
{{More citations needed|section|date=April 2022}}
Aklavik began in the early 1900s with the [[Hudson's Bay Company]] opening a [[trading post]] in 1912 and the [[Roman Catholic Church]] establishing a [[Mission (Christian)|mission]] in 1926. Located on the Peel Channel, in a good [[Animal trapping|trapping]] area, the community became a transportation hub in the Mackenzie.
[[File:Aklavik7.jpg|thumb|left|The community]]
[[File:Aklavik, Northwest Territories.jpg|thumb|left|[[Canada Post]] office in Aklavik]]
Aklavik began to develop in the early 1900s after the [[Hudson's Bay Company]] opened a [[trading post]] in 1912. The [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]] later established a [[Christian mission|mission]] here in 1926. Located on the Peel Channel, the community became a transportation hub in the Mackenzie. It was in a good [[Animal trapping|trapping]] area.


Aklavik became part of the [[Northwest Territories and Yukon Radio System]] (NWT&Y) in October 1925. The NWT&Y system, a pioneer system, was critical in providing communications in Canada's North. It was operated by the [[Royal Canadian Corps of Signals]] (RC Sigs). In Aklavik, besides providing services to the general population, NWT&Y also provided communication for any aircraft that overflew the site, with or without radio. An aircraft without radio that was passing over one of these stations and not planning to land, would fly very low over the station so that it could be identified and the date and time of its passing could be recorded. The call sign for the NWT&Y station in Aklavik was VEF.
In 1931, [[Albert Johnson (criminal)|Albert Johnson]], better known as the "Mad Trapper of Rat River" moved into the area. A complaint was made to the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] post in Aklavik and the two members attempted, unsuccessfully, to talk with him. A second attempt was made a few days later, after a [[search warrant]] had been obtained, and Johnson shot one of the RCMP. This sparked a large [[Manhunt (law enforcement)|manhunt]] and ended with the death of Johnson.


In 1931, [[Albert Johnson (criminal)|Albert Johnson]], also known as the "Mad Trapper of Rat River", moved into the area. A complaint was made to the [[Royal Canadian Mounted Police]] (RCMP) post in Aklavik and the two members attempted, unsuccessfully, to talk with him concerning trapline tampering. A few days later, after gaining a [[search warrant]], they tried again to talk with him, but Johnson fatally shot one of the RCMP and fled. A 42-day [[Manhunt (law enforcement)|manhunt]] began, ending with Johnson's death. These events are considered to have been the catalyst for introducing the airplane and communications radio as tools to help track a person. Museums dedicated to Albert Johnson can be found in Aklavik and in Fort Smith.
By the 1950s the community had developed and grown to over 1,600 people. However, the Peel Channel was subject to flooding, and the [[Stream bed|river bank]]s were being washed away. Due to the flooding, the [[Government of Canada|Federal Government]] decided to build a new community at what is now [[Inuvik]], with the intention of closing Aklavik.<ref name="pwhc">[http://www.pwnhc.ca/programs/downloads/OfficialCommunityNames.pdf Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre - official names]</ref>


In December 1946, radio station "CHAK" went on the air at Aklavik. The AK in the call sign was the first and last letters of the location. Built and initially operated by WO2 R.A. (Red) McLeod of the RC Sigs, the station was a voluntary operation serving the Mackenzie River delta. It initially had 30 watts of power, later upgraded to 100 watts, and operated on 1490&nbsp;kHz. It received its license in 1947.
In the 1960s, the principal of Aklavik's school, A. J. (Moose) Kerr, started a committee to help save the community. The efforts were successful and the community survived and the local school is named for him.<ref name="bedc">[http://www.bdec.nt.ca/bsite/schools.html Moose Kerr School at the Beaufort-Delta Education Council]</ref>

In 1949, the [[Royal Canadian Navy]] established a signals intelligence station in Aklavik. It remained operational until March 1961. After it closed down, operations were moved to a newly built station in Inuvik.

By the 1950s the community had developed to more than 1,600 people. However, the Peel Channel was subject to flooding, and the [[Stream bed|river bank]]s were being washed away. Due to the flooding, the [[Government of Canada|Federal Government]] built a new community at what is now [[Inuvik]], and intended to close Aklavik.<ref name="pwhc">{{cite web |url= http://www.pwnhc.ca/cultural-places/geographic-names/community-names/#4/65.98/-119.97 |title= Northwest Territories Official Community Names and Pronunciation Guide |website= [[Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre]] |publisher= Education, Culture and Employment, Government of the Northwest Territories |location= Yellowknife |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160113110003/http://www.pwnhc.ca/cultural-places/geographic-names/community-names/ |archive-date= 2016-01-13 |url-status= live |access-date= 2016-01-13}}</ref>

In the 1960s, the principal of Aklavik's school, A. J. (Moose) Kerr, started a committee to help save the community. The efforts were successful and the community has survived. The local school is named for him.<ref name="bedc">[http://www.bdec.nt.ca/bsite/schools.html Moose Kerr School at the Beaufort-Delta Education Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415054816/http://www.bdec.nt.ca/bsite/schools.html |date=15 April 2008 }}</ref>


==Today==
==Today==
[[File:Aklavik.jpg|thumb|left|Sidewalks in Aklavik]]
The community has a school with approximately 150 students from [[Kindergarten]] to [[Twelfth grade|Grade 12]]<ref>[http://www.windowsaroundtheworld.org/participating_schools.aspx#mk Moose Kerr School at Windows Around the World]</ref> and [[Aurora College]] provides [[adult education]] at the Community Learning Centre.<ref name="AIP">[http://www.stats.gov.nt.ca/Infrastructure/Inf_Profiles/Aklavik(i).pdf Infrastructure Profile]</ref><ref name="NWT">[[Northwestel]] phone directory</ref>
The community has a school with approximately 150 students from [[Kindergarten]] to [[Twelfth grade|Grade 12]] (K-12).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.windowsaroundtheworld.org/participating_schools.aspx#mk |title=Moose Kerr School at Windows Around the World |access-date=20 February 2008 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20140321042350/http://www.windowsaroundtheworld.org/participating_schools.aspx#mk |archive-date=21 March 2014 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Aurora College]] provides [[adult education]] at the Community Learning Centre.<ref name="NWT">[[Northwestel]] phone directory</ref>


There are two [[general store]]s, the Aklavik General Store and the Northern Store operated by [[The North West Company]].<ref name="AIP"/><ref name="NWT"/> The community has a two person RCMP detachment, a [[Clinic|health centre]] with four [[nurse]]s, a [[Canada Post]] outlet, the Aklavik Lodge and the Aklavik Inn (Bessie's Boarding House) for visitor accommodation and two taxi companies.<ref name="AIP"/><ref name="NWT"/>
There are three [[general store]]s: the Aklavik General Store, Stantons, and the Northern Store operated by [[The North West Company]].<ref name="NWT"/> The community has a three-person RCMP detachment, a [[Clinic|health centre]] with four [[nurse]]s, a [[Canada Post]] outlet, the Aklavik Lodge and the Aklavik Inn (Bessie's Boarding House) for visitor accommodation, and two taxi companies.<ref name="NWT"/>


Like most northern communities, Aklavik has a community hall, a gymnasium that is attached to the school and, uncommonly, a swimming pool.<ref name="AIP"/><ref name="bedc"/>
Like most northern communities, Aklavik has a community hall, and a gymnasium that is attached to the school. Uncommonly it also has a swimming pool.<ref name="bedc"/>


The community is served only by air, via the [[Aklavik/Freddie Carmichael Airport]], and by winter [[ice road]] directly from Inuvik across the streams of the [[Mackenzie River|Mackenzie Delta]]. When the river is open, usually June to September,<ref>{{WAS}}</ref> the [[Aklavik Water Aerodrome]] is available for [[Seaplane|float planes]].
The community is served only by air, via the [[Aklavik/Freddie Carmichael Airport]], and by winter [[ice road]] directly from Inuvik across the streams of the [[Mackenzie River|Mackenzie Delta]]. When the river is open, usually June to September,<ref>{{WAS}}</ref> the [[Aklavik Water Aerodrome]] is available for [[Seaplane|float planes]].


== Notable people ==
==Land claims==
[[File:Aklavik4.jpg|thumb|left|Mad Trapper grave]]
Aklavik is one of the few places in the NWT to be included within two different [[Aboriginal title#Canada|land claims]] areas, being part of the [[Inuvialuit Settlement Region]] and the Gwich'in Settlement Region.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://inuit.pail.ca/map-Inuvialuit-Settlement-Region.html |title=Inuvialuit Settlement Region |access-date=20 May 2010 |archive-date=22 June 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622073345/http://inuit.pail.ca/map-Inuvialuit-Settlement-Region.html |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>[http://www.gwichin.ca/TheGwichin/Map_settlement.html Gwich'in Settlement Region] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100924011332/http://gwichin.ca/TheGwichin/Map_Settlement.html |date=24 September 2010 }}</ref>

The [[Inuvialuit]], whose claim, the ''Inuvialuit Final Agreement'' was settled in 1984,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.daair.gov.nt.ca/_live/pages/wpPages/InuvaluitLandClaim.aspx |title=Inuvialuit Land Claim |access-date=20 May 2010 |archive-date=22 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160822183843/http://www.daair.gov.nt.ca/_live/pages/wpPages/InuvaluitLandClaim.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref> are represented by the Aklavik Community Corporation. It forms part of the Inuvialuit Regional Corporation.<ref>[http://www.irc.inuvialuit.com/about/structure.html Corporate Structure] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100129084452/http://www.irc.inuvialuit.com/about/structure.html |date=29 January 2010 }}</ref>

The [[Gwich'in]] of Aklavik are covered under the ''Gwich'in Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement'', signed in 1992,<ref>[http://www.gwichinarbitrationpanel.ca/ Gwich'in Arbitration Panel] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706182017/http://www.gwichinarbitrationpanel.ca/ |date=6 July 2011 }}</ref> and are represented by the Ehdiitat Gwich'in Council, as well as the [[Aklavik First Nation]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.gwichin.nt.ca/Ehdiitat-Gwich%27in-Council |title=Ehdiitat Gwich'in Council |access-date=20 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110118032351/http://www.gwichin.nt.ca/Ehdiitat-Gwich%27in-Council |archive-date=18 January 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The Ehdiitat Gwich'in Council in turn forms part of the Gwich'in Tribal Council.<ref>[http://www.gwichin.nt.ca/GTC-Organization-Chart GTC Chart (Governance)] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110518140922/http://www.gwichin.nt.ca/GTC-Organization-Chart |date=18 May 2011 }}</ref>

==Indigenous peoples==
The Inuvialuit of Aklavik, an [[Inuit]], are primarily [[Uummarmiut]]. They are descendants of the [[Nunamiut]], [[Inupiat]] people who migrated from [[Alaska]] in the early 20th century. Although at first antagonistic with the local [[Siglit]], the peoples later intermarried. The Siglit suffered high mortality from new infectious diseases.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.arcticblast.polarhusky.com/nomads |title=People of Mackenzie River |access-date=20 May 2010 |archive-date=8 August 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070808163033/http://www.arcticblast.polarhusky.com/nomads |url-status=dead }}</ref> They speak [[Uummarmiutun]], which is almost identical to [[Inupiaq language]], but is grouped with [[Inuvialuktun]].<ref>[http://www.languagegeek.com/inu/inuvialuktun.html Iñuvialuktun/Inuvialuktun/Inuinnaqtun / ᐃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᓐ]</ref>

The Gwich'in, a [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]] people, are an [[Arctic]]-dwelling [[Dene]] people who inhabit parts of Alaska, and [[Yukon]] and the NWT in Canada. They speak the [[Gwichʼin language]], which is part of the [[Athabaskan languages|Athabaskan]] [[language family]].<ref>[http://www.aklavik.ca/?p=gwichin&t=history History]</ref>

Both Inuvialuktun and Gwichʼin are official languages of the NWT, and in 2009 19.2% of the Aboriginal population spoke at least one Native language.<ref name="comstat">{{cite web |url= https://www.statsnwt.ca/community-data/Profile-PDF/Aklavik.pdf |title= Aklavik – Statistical Profile (2006–2017) |publisher = NWT Bureau of Statistics |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180829000133/https://www.statsnwt.ca/community-data/Profile-PDF/Aklavik.pdf |url-status=live |archive-date= 2018-08-29}}</ref><ref name="lang">[http://www.justice.gov.nt.ca/PDF/ACTS/Official_Languages.pdf Northwest Territories Official Languages Act, 1988] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090324214716/http://www.justice.gov.nt.ca/PDF/ACTS/Official_Languages.pdf |date=24 March 2009 }} (as amended 1988, 1991–1992, 2003)</ref>

== Climate ==
Aklavik has a [[subarctic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Dfc]]), typical of [[Northern Canada|Canada's Arctic]], with mild summers and cold winters lasting most of the year with highs regularly below zero. Freezing can occur at any time of the year.{{Weather box
|metric first= Y
|single line = Y
|location= [[Aklavik/Freddie Carmichael Airport]]
|Jan maximum humidex= 10.5
|Feb maximum humidex= 2.0
|Mar maximum humidex= 8.1
|Apr maximum humidex= 16.6
|May maximum humidex= 27.8
|Jun maximum humidex= 35.7
|Jul maximum humidex= 35.5
|Aug maximum humidex= 33.8
|Sep maximum humidex= 26.5
|Oct maximum humidex= 16.4
|Nov maximum humidex= 4.3
|Dec maximum humidex= 5.5
|year maximum humidex= 35.7
|Jan record high C= 6.7
|Feb record high C= 9.4
|Mar record high C= 11.0
|Apr record high C= 14.2
|May record high C= 25.0
|Jun record high C= 31.8
|Jul record high C= 33.9
|Aug record high C= 33.1
|Sep record high C= 27.6
|Oct record high C= 17.0
|Nov record high C= 6.7
|Dec record high C= 10.0
|year record high C= 33.9
|Jan high C= -22.3
|Feb high C= -21.7
|Mar high C= -16.4
|Apr high C= -6.7
|May high C= 4.6
|Jun high C= 16.5
|Jul high C= 18.4
|Aug high C= 15.0
|Sep high C= 7.6
|Oct high C= -4.9
|Nov high C= -17.0
|Dec high C= -20.9
|year high C= -4.0
|Jan mean C= -26.3
|Feb mean C= -25.7
|Mar mean C= -21.7
|Apr mean C= -12.5
|May mean C= -0.1
|Jun mean C= 11.4
|Jul mean C= 13.9
|Aug mean C= 10.9
|Sep mean C= 4.4
|Oct mean C= -7.6
|Nov mean C= -20.7
|Dec mean C= -24.7
|year mean C= -8.2
|Jan low C= -30.2
|Feb low C= -29.8
|Mar low C= -27.0
|Apr low C= -18.2
|May low C= -4.8
|Jun low C= 6.2
|Jul low C= 9.4
|Aug low C= 6.8
|Sep low C= 1.2
|Oct low C= -10.2
|Nov low C= -24.2
|Dec low C= -28.4
|year low C= -12.4
|Jan record low C= -51.0
|Feb record low C= -52.2
|Mar record low C= -48.9
|Apr record low C= -42.2
|May record low C= -25.6
|Jun record low C= -6.7
|Jul record low C= -11.1
|Aug record low C= -3.9
|Sep record low C= -14.0
|Oct record low C= -35.1
|Nov record low C= -45.6
|Dec record low C= -47.8
|year record low C= -52.2
|Jan chill= -59.8
|Feb chill= -61.5
|Mar chill= -52.8
|Apr chill= -46.0
|May chill= -31.5
|Jun chill= -11.4
|Jul chill= 0.0
|Aug chill= -6.0
|Sep chill= -16.4
|Oct chill= -41.1
|Nov chill= -49.7
|Dec chill= -56.4
|year chill= -61.5
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm= 15.0
|Feb precipitation mm= 11.9
|Mar precipitation mm= 13.8
|Apr precipitation mm= 8.0
|May precipitation mm= 14.8
|Jun precipitation mm= 19.4
|Jul precipitation mm= 40.6
|Aug precipitation mm= 41.7
|Sep precipitation mm= 30.6
|Oct precipitation mm= 32.6
|Nov precipitation mm= 22.0
|Dec precipitation mm= 15.6
|year precipitation mm= 265.8
|rain colour =green
|Jan rain mm= 0.0
|Feb rain mm= 0.0
|Mar rain mm= 0.0
|Apr rain mm= 0.1
|May rain mm= 5.4
|Jun rain mm= 18.5
|Jul rain mm= 40.6
|Aug rain mm= 41.3
|Sep rain mm= 23.7
|Oct rain mm= 0.3
|Nov rain mm= 0.0
|Dec rain mm= 0.0
|year rain mm= 129.8
|snow colour =green
|Jan snow cm= 15.0
|Feb snow cm= 11.9
|Mar snow cm= 13.8
|Apr snow cm= 8.0
|May snow cm= 9.5
|Jun snow cm= 0.9
|Jul snow cm= 0.0
|Aug snow cm= 0.4
|Sep snow cm= 6.9
|Oct snow cm= 32.3
|Nov snow cm= 22.2
|Dec snow cm= 15.6
|year snow cm= 136.3
|unit precipitation days= 0.2 mm
|Jan precipitation days= 7.8
|Feb precipitation days= 7.8
|Mar precipitation days= 7.1
|Apr precipitation days= 5.3
|May precipitation days= 5.8
|Jun precipitation days= 7.1
|Jul precipitation days= 10.8
|Aug precipitation days= 11.3
|Sep precipitation days= 12.5
|Oct precipitation days= 11.6
|Nov precipitation days= 9.9
|Dec precipitation days= 8.9
|year precipitation days= 105.8
|unit rain days= 0.2 mm
|Jan rain days= 0.0
|Feb rain days= 0.0
|Mar rain days= 0.0
|Apr rain days= 0.0
|May rain days= 2.1
|Jun rain days= 6.7
|Jul rain days= 10.8
|Aug rain days= 11.3
|Sep rain days= 10.4
|Oct rain days= 0.5
|Nov rain days= 0.0
|Dec rain days= 0.0
|year rain days= 41.9
|unit snow days= 0.2&nbsp;cm
|Jan snow days= 7.8
|Feb snow days= 7.8
|Mar snow days= 7.1
|Apr snow days= 5.2
|May snow days= 3.8
|Jun snow days= 0.3
|Jul snow days= 0.0
|Aug snow days= 0.1
|Sep snow days= 2.2
|Oct snow days= 11.5
|Nov snow days= 9.9
|Dec snow days= 8.9
|year snow days= 64.6
|Jan sun = 13
|Feb sun = 94
|Mar sun = 177
|Apr sun = 277
|May sun = 297
|Jun sun = 401
|Jul sun = 276
|Aug sun = 206
|Sep sun = 95
|Oct sun = 72
|Nov sun = 22
|Dec sun = 0
|year sun=
|source 1= [[Environment Canada]] Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010<ref name= "ccn">{{cite web | publisher = [[Environment Canada]] | url = ftp://ftp.tor.ec.gc.ca/Pub/Normals/English/NWT/NWT_AKLA-YELL_ENG.csv | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200313102709/ftp://ftp.tor.ec.gc.ca/Pub/Normals/English/NWT/NWT_AKLA-YELL_ENG.csv | url-status = dead | archive-date = 2020-03-13 | format= CSV (3069 KB)| id = Climate ID: 2200100 |title = Aklavik A | work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010 | access-date = 2014-01-09}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[Danish Meteorological Institute]] (sun, 1931–1960)<ref name=DMI>{{cite web | last1 = Cappelen | first1 = John | last2 = Jensen | first2 = Jens | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130427173827/http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr01-17.pdf | archive-date=27 April 2013| url = http://www.dmi.dk/dmi/tr01-17.pdf | work = Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931–1960) | title = Canada – Aklavik, Mackenzie District | page = 45 | publisher = Danish Meteorological Institute | language = da | access-date = 14 March 2016}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
[[File:Aklavik8.jpg|thumb|left|The community]]
{{Historical populations
| title = Federal census population history of Aklavik
| type = Canada
| align = right
| width =
| state =
| shading =
| percentages =
|1971|661
|1976|781
|1981|721
|1986|763
|[[1991 Canadian census|1991]]|801
|[[1996 Canadian census|1996]]|727
|[[2001 Canadian census|2001]]|632
|[[2006 Canadian census|2006]]|594
|[[2011 Canadian census|2011]]|633
|[[2016 Canadian census|2016]]|590
|[[2021 Canadian census|2021]]|536
| footnote =
| source = [[Statistics Canada]]<br/><ref name=1976census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/CS92-805-1976.pdf | title=1976 Census of Canada: Population – Geographic Distributions | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=June 1977 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=1981census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/CS94-905-1981.pdf | title=1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=May 1992 | accessdate=1 February 2021}}</ref><ref name=1986census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2013/statcan/rh-hc/CS92-101-1987.pdf | title=1986 Census: Population – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=September 1987 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=1991census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2013/statcan/rh-hc/CS93-304-1992.pdf | title=91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions – Population and Dwelling Counts | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=April 1992 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=1996census>{{cite web | url=https://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2012/statcan/rh-hc/CS93-357-1997.pdf | title=96 Census: A National Overview – Population and Dwelling Counts | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=April 1997 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=2001census>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/english/census01/products/standard/popdwell/Table-CSD-P.cfm?T=1&SR=1&S=1&O=A&PR=61 | title=Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Subdivisions (Municipalities), 2001 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data (Northwest Territories) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=15 August 2012 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=2006census>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2006/dp-pd/hlt/97-550/Index.cfm?TPL=P1C&Page=RETR&LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=1&O=A&RPP=9999&CMA=0&PR=61 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Northwest Territories) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=20 August 2021 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=2011census>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2011/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table-Tableau.cfm?LANG=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=51&O=A&RPP=9999&CMA=0&PR=61 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Northwest Territories) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=25 July 2021 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=2016census>{{cite web | url=https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/hlt-fst/pd-pl/Table.cfm?Lang=Eng&T=302&SR=1&S=86&O=A&RPP=9999&PR=61 | title=Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Northwest Territories) | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=8 February 2017 | accessdate=1 February 2022}}</ref><ref name=2021census/>
}}
{{stack|{{Historical populations
|title=Annual population estimates
|align=none
|cols=2
|1996|756
|1997|739
|1998|736
|1999|714
|2000|706
|2001|687
|2002|678
|2003|646
|2004|623
|2005|632
|2006|616
|2007|613
|2008|627
|2009|618
|2010|641
|2011|656
|2012|658
|2013|670
|2014|654
|2015|664
|2016|667
|2017|656
|footnote= Sources: NWT Bureau of Statistics (2001–2017)<ref name=brost>[https://www.statsnwt.ca/population/population-estimates/commtotals_2001-2017.xlsx Population Estimates By Community] from the GNWT</ref>
}}}}

In the [[2021 Canadian census|2021 Census of Population]] conducted by [[Statistics Canada]], Aklavik had a population of {{val|536|fmt=commas}} living in {{val|216|fmt=commas}} of its {{val|274|fmt=commas}} total private dwellings, a change of {{percentage|{{#expr:536-590}}|590|1}} from its 2016 population of {{val|590|fmt=commas}}. With a land area of {{convert|12.29|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}}, it had a population density of {{Pop density|536|12.29|km2|sqmi|prec=1}} in 2021.<ref name=2021census>{{cite web | url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810000202&geocode=A000261 | title=Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Northwest Territories | publisher=[[Statistics Canada]] | date=9 February 2022 | accessdate=18 February 2022}}</ref>

Like most other NWT communities the majority of the population, 93.2%, is [[Indigenous peoples in Canada|Indigenous]]. However, unlike other communities Aklavik has a large number of both [[First Nations in Canada|First Nations]], 33.9%, and [[Inuit]], 53.4%, along with a small number of [[Métis in Canada|Métis]], 4.2%, and non-Aboriginal, 8.5%.<ref name="2016census"/>

From 2006 to 2014 there were 94 births and 42 deaths in the community. In 2017, 14% of residents were 9 or under, 6.9% were from 10 to 14 years old, 14.2% were from 15 to 24, 30.9% were from 25 to 44, 20% were from 45 to 59, and 14% were 60 or older.<ref name="comstat"/> At the 2016 census the median age in Aklavik was 31.8, compared to 34.0 for the NWT and 41.2 for Canada as a whole.<ref name="2016census"/><ref>[https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/details/page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo1=CSD&Code1=6101025&Geo2=PR&Code2=01&Data=Count&SearchText=Canada&SearchType=Begins&SearchPR=01&B1=All&TABID=1Census Profile, 2016 Census Aklavik, Hamlet (Census subdivision), Northwest Territories and Canada (Country)]</ref>

The [[crime statistics|crime rate]] for 2016 was 70.9 (per 1,000 persons) for [[violent crime]]s, and 200.9 (per 1,000 persons) for property crimes, both numbers below the average for the NWT of 78.4 and 206.6.<ref name="comstat"/> In 2015 the average [[income]] in the hamlet was C$33,826, compared to $61,909 for the NWT, and the average income for a family was $80,200, compared to $133,754 for the NWT, with 20.0% of all families earning less than $30,000.<ref name="comstat"/>

==Notable people==
* [[Frank Carmichael]], trapper and former MLA for [[Mackenzie West]] and [[Mackenzie Delta (electoral district)|Mackenzie Delta]]
* [[Frank Carmichael]], trapper and former MLA for [[Mackenzie West]] and [[Mackenzie Delta (electoral district)|Mackenzie Delta]]
* [[Nellie Cournoyea]], former [[Premier of the Northwest Territories]]
* [[Nellie Cournoyea]], former [[Premier of the Northwest Territories]]
* [[John Hagen]], surgeon
* [[Glenna Hansen]], former [[Commissioners of Northwest Territories|Commissioner of the Northwest Territories]]
* [[Glenna Hansen]], former [[Commissioners of Northwest Territories|Commissioner of the Northwest Territories]]
* [[Robert C. McLeod]], current MLA for [[Inuvik Twin Lakes]]
* [[Robert C. McLeod (Northwest Territories politician)|Robert C. McLeod]], MLA for [[Inuvik Twin Lakes]]
* [[Abe Okpik]], first [[Inuit|Inuk]] on the [[Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories]] and spearheaded ''Project Surname'' to replace [[disc number]]s
* [[Abe Okpik]], first [[Inuit|Inuk]] on the [[Legislative Assembly of the Northwest Territories]] and spearheaded ''Project Surname'' to replace [[disc number]]s
* [[Rick Rivet]], [[Sahtu]]–[[Métis]] Neo-Expressionist painter<ref>[http://www.fellowship.eiteljorg.org/#fellows::ArtistList?value=1999 "The Fellows: 1999."] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181018100054/http://fellowship.eiteljorg.org/#fellows::ArtistList?value=1999 |date=18 October 2018 }} ''Eiteljorg Fellowship for Native American Fine Art.'' Accessed 4 May 2014.</ref>
* [[Vince Steen]], former MLA for [[Nunakput]]
* [[Vince Steen]], former MLA for [[Nunakput]]
* [[Willie Thrasher]], musician
{{clear left}}


== References ==
==See also==
* [[List of municipalities in the Northwest Territories]]
{{reflist}}


==References==
== External links ==
{{Reflist}}
* [http://www.stats.gov.nt.ca/Infrastructure/Comm%20Sheets/Aklavik.html Aklavik at the GNWT]
* [http://www.maca.gov.nt.ca/governments/communityresult.asp?ComCode=401 Municipal Affairs and Community Administration profile]
* Area map of Aklavik/Inuvik: [http://jproc.ca/rrp/akla_map.gif Aklavik-area-map].


==External links==
{{Subdivisions of Northwest Territories}}
{{commons category|Aklavik}}
{{coord|display=title|name=Aklavik|68|13|08|N|135|00|31|W|type:airport}}
* [http://www.aklavik.ca/ Official site]


[[Category:Communities in the Inuvik Region]]
{{Communities of Northwest Territories}}
[[Category:Settlements in the Arctic]]


{{Authority control}}
[[ca:Aklavik]]

[[de:Aklavik]]
[[Category:Communities in the Inuvik Region]]
[[es:Aklavik]]
[[Category:Populated places in Arctic Canada]]
[[fr:Aklavik]]
[[Category:Hudson's Bay Company trading posts]]
[[Category:Hamlets in the Northwest Territories]]
[[Category:Aklavik First Nation]]
[[Category:Inuit in the Northwest Territories]]
[[Category:Inuvialuit communities]]
[[Category:Road-inaccessible communities of the Northwest Territories]]

Latest revision as of 18:24, 1 December 2024

For the Hudson's Bay Company vessel, see Aklavik (HBC vessel). For the First Nation, see Aklavik First Nation.

Aklavik
Akłarvik
Hamlet
Aklavik in early-February 2008
Aklavik in early-February 2008
Motto: 
Never Say Die[1]
Aklavik is located in Northwest Territories
Aklavik
Aklavik
Aklavik is located in Canada
Aklavik
Aklavik
Coordinates: 68°13′13″N 135°00′42″W / 68.22028°N 135.01167°W / 68.22028; -135.01167
CountryCanada
TerritoryNorthwest Territories
RegionInuvik Region
ConstituencyMackenzie Delta
Census divisionRegion 1
Incorporated (hamlet)1 January 1974
Government
 • MayorJordan McLeod
 • Senior Administrative OfficerFred Behrens
 • MLAFrederick Blake Jr.
Area
[2]
 • Land14.47 km2 (5.59 sq mi)
Elevation
6 m (20 ft)
Population
 (2016)[2]
 • Total
590
 • Density40.8/km2 (106/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC– 07:00 (MST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−6 (MDT)
Canadian Postal code
X0E 0A0
Area code867
Telephone exchange375 878 978
– Living cost162.5A
– Food price index170.5B
Websitewww.aklavik.ca
Sources:
Department of Municipal and Community Affairs[3]
Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre[4]
Canada Flight Supplement[5]
^A 2013 figure based on Edmonton = 100[6]
^B 2015 figure based on Yellowknife = 100[6]
Elevation at airport[5]

Aklavik /əˈklævɪk/ (Inuvialuktun: Akłarvik) (from the Inuvialuktun meaning barrenground grizzly place[4]) is a hamlet located in the Inuvik Region of the Northwest Territories, Canada. Until 1961, with a population over 1,500, the community served as the regional administrative centre for the territorial government.

Because of repeated flooding in this area, the government developed Inuvik 63 km (39 mi) to the east. It was meant to entirely replace Aklavik, but many of the residents of the original community persevered and kept Aklavik going. Its 2018 population was 623. The hamlet's mayor is Andrew Charlie.[3]

History

[edit]
The community
Canada Post office in Aklavik

Aklavik began to develop in the early 1900s after the Hudson's Bay Company opened a trading post in 1912. The Roman Catholic Church later established a mission here in 1926. Located on the Peel Channel, the community became a transportation hub in the Mackenzie. It was in a good trapping area.

Aklavik became part of the Northwest Territories and Yukon Radio System (NWT&Y) in October 1925. The NWT&Y system, a pioneer system, was critical in providing communications in Canada's North. It was operated by the Royal Canadian Corps of Signals (RC Sigs). In Aklavik, besides providing services to the general population, NWT&Y also provided communication for any aircraft that overflew the site, with or without radio. An aircraft without radio that was passing over one of these stations and not planning to land, would fly very low over the station so that it could be identified and the date and time of its passing could be recorded. The call sign for the NWT&Y station in Aklavik was VEF.

In 1931, Albert Johnson, also known as the "Mad Trapper of Rat River", moved into the area. A complaint was made to the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) post in Aklavik and the two members attempted, unsuccessfully, to talk with him concerning trapline tampering. A few days later, after gaining a search warrant, they tried again to talk with him, but Johnson fatally shot one of the RCMP and fled. A 42-day manhunt began, ending with Johnson's death. These events are considered to have been the catalyst for introducing the airplane and communications radio as tools to help track a person. Museums dedicated to Albert Johnson can be found in Aklavik and in Fort Smith.

In December 1946, radio station "CHAK" went on the air at Aklavik. The AK in the call sign was the first and last letters of the location. Built and initially operated by WO2 R.A. (Red) McLeod of the RC Sigs, the station was a voluntary operation serving the Mackenzie River delta. It initially had 30 watts of power, later upgraded to 100 watts, and operated on 1490 kHz. It received its license in 1947.

In 1949, the Royal Canadian Navy established a signals intelligence station in Aklavik. It remained operational until March 1961. After it closed down, operations were moved to a newly built station in Inuvik.

By the 1950s the community had developed to more than 1,600 people. However, the Peel Channel was subject to flooding, and the river banks were being washed away. Due to the flooding, the Federal Government built a new community at what is now Inuvik, and intended to close Aklavik.[4]

In the 1960s, the principal of Aklavik's school, A. J. (Moose) Kerr, started a committee to help save the community. The efforts were successful and the community has survived. The local school is named for him.[7]

Today

[edit]
Sidewalks in Aklavik

The community has a school with approximately 150 students from Kindergarten to Grade 12 (K-12).[8] Aurora College provides adult education at the Community Learning Centre.[9]

There are three general stores: the Aklavik General Store, Stantons, and the Northern Store operated by The North West Company.[9] The community has a three-person RCMP detachment, a health centre with four nurses, a Canada Post outlet, the Aklavik Lodge and the Aklavik Inn (Bessie's Boarding House) for visitor accommodation, and two taxi companies.[9]

Like most northern communities, Aklavik has a community hall, and a gymnasium that is attached to the school. Uncommonly it also has a swimming pool.[7]

The community is served only by air, via the Aklavik/Freddie Carmichael Airport, and by winter ice road directly from Inuvik across the streams of the Mackenzie Delta. When the river is open, usually June to September,[10] the Aklavik Water Aerodrome is available for float planes.

Land claims

[edit]
Mad Trapper grave

Aklavik is one of the few places in the NWT to be included within two different land claims areas, being part of the Inuvialuit Settlement Region and the Gwich'in Settlement Region.[11][12]

The Inuvialuit, whose claim, the Inuvialuit Final Agreement was settled in 1984,[13] are represented by the Aklavik Community Corporation. It forms part of the Inuvialuit Regional Corporation.[14]

The Gwich'in of Aklavik are covered under the Gwich'in Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement, signed in 1992,[15] and are represented by the Ehdiitat Gwich'in Council, as well as the Aklavik First Nation.[16] The Ehdiitat Gwich'in Council in turn forms part of the Gwich'in Tribal Council.[17]

Indigenous peoples

[edit]

The Inuvialuit of Aklavik, an Inuit, are primarily Uummarmiut. They are descendants of the Nunamiut, Inupiat people who migrated from Alaska in the early 20th century. Although at first antagonistic with the local Siglit, the peoples later intermarried. The Siglit suffered high mortality from new infectious diseases.[18] They speak Uummarmiutun, which is almost identical to Inupiaq language, but is grouped with Inuvialuktun.[19]

The Gwich'in, a First Nations people, are an Arctic-dwelling Dene people who inhabit parts of Alaska, and Yukon and the NWT in Canada. They speak the Gwichʼin language, which is part of the Athabaskan language family.[20]

Both Inuvialuktun and Gwichʼin are official languages of the NWT, and in 2009 19.2% of the Aboriginal population spoke at least one Native language.[6][21]

Climate

[edit]

Aklavik has a subarctic climate (Dfc), typical of Canada's Arctic, with mild summers and cold winters lasting most of the year with highs regularly below zero. Freezing can occur at any time of the year.

Climate data for Aklavik/Freddie Carmichael Airport
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high humidex 10.5 2.0 8.1 16.6 27.8 35.7 35.5 33.8 26.5 16.4 4.3 5.5 35.7
Record high °C (°F) 6.7
(44.1) 		9.4
(48.9) 		11.0
(51.8) 		14.2
(57.6) 		25.0
(77.0) 		31.8
(89.2) 		33.9
(93.0) 		33.1
(91.6) 		27.6
(81.7) 		17.0
(62.6) 		6.7
(44.1) 		10.0
(50.0) 		33.9
(93.0)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) −22.3
(−8.1) 		−21.7
(−7.1) 		−16.4
(2.5) 		−6.7
(19.9) 		4.6
(40.3) 		16.5
(61.7) 		18.4
(65.1) 		15.0
(59.0) 		7.6
(45.7) 		−4.9
(23.2) 		−17.0
(1.4) 		−20.9
(−5.6) 		−4.0
(24.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) −26.3
(−15.3) 		−25.7
(−14.3) 		−21.7
(−7.1) 		−12.5
(9.5) 		−0.1
(31.8) 		11.4
(52.5) 		13.9
(57.0) 		10.9
(51.6) 		4.4
(39.9) 		−7.6
(18.3) 		−20.7
(−5.3) 		−24.7
(−12.5) 		−8.2
(17.2)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) −30.2
(−22.4) 		−29.8
(−21.6) 		−27.0
(−16.6) 		−18.2
(−0.8) 		−4.8
(23.4) 		6.2
(43.2) 		9.4
(48.9) 		6.8
(44.2) 		1.2
(34.2) 		−10.2
(13.6) 		−24.2
(−11.6) 		−28.4
(−19.1) 		−12.4
(9.7)
Record low °C (°F) −51.0
(−59.8) 		−52.2
(−62.0) 		−48.9
(−56.0) 		−42.2
(−44.0) 		−25.6
(−14.1) 		−6.7
(19.9) 		−11.1
(12.0) 		−3.9
(25.0) 		−14.0
(6.8) 		−35.1
(−31.2) 		−45.6
(−50.1) 		−47.8
(−54.0) 		−52.2
(−62.0)
Record low wind chill −59.8 −61.5 −52.8 −46.0 −31.5 −11.4 0.0 −6.0 −16.4 −41.1 −49.7 −56.4 −61.5
Average precipitation mm (inches) 15.0
(0.59) 		11.9
(0.47) 		13.8
(0.54) 		8.0
(0.31) 		14.8
(0.58) 		19.4
(0.76) 		40.6
(1.60) 		41.7
(1.64) 		30.6
(1.20) 		32.6
(1.28) 		22.0
(0.87) 		15.6
(0.61) 		265.8
(10.46)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.1
(0.00) 		5.4
(0.21) 		18.5
(0.73) 		40.6
(1.60) 		41.3
(1.63) 		23.7
(0.93) 		0.3
(0.01) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.0
(0.0) 		129.8
(5.11)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 15.0
(5.9) 		11.9
(4.7) 		13.8
(5.4) 		8.0
(3.1) 		9.5
(3.7) 		0.9
(0.4) 		0.0
(0.0) 		0.4
(0.2) 		6.9
(2.7) 		32.3
(12.7) 		22.2
(8.7) 		15.6
(6.1) 		136.3
(53.7)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 7.8 7.8 7.1 5.3 5.8 7.1 10.8 11.3 12.5 11.6 9.9 8.9 105.8
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.1 6.7 10.8 11.3 10.4 0.5 0.0 0.0 41.9
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 7.8 7.8 7.1 5.2 3.8 0.3 0.0 0.1 2.2 11.5 9.9 8.9 64.6
Mean monthly sunshine hours 13 94 177 277 297 401 276 206 95 72 22 0 1,930
Source 1: Environment Canada Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010[22]
Source 2: Danish Meteorological Institute (sun, 1931–1960)[23]

Demographics

[edit]
The community
Federal census population history of Aklavik
YearPop.±%
1971661—    
1976781+18.2%
1981721−7.7%
1986763+5.8%
1991801+5.0%
1996727−9.2%
2001632−13.1%
2006594−6.0%
2011633+6.6%
2016590−6.8%
2021536−9.2%
Source: Statistics Canada
[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][2][32]
Annual population estimates
YearPop.±%
1996756—    
1997739−2.2%
1998736−0.4%
1999714−3.0%
2000706−1.1%
2001687−2.7%
2002678−1.3%
2003646−4.7%
2004623−3.6%
2005632+1.4%
2006616−2.5%
YearPop.±%
2007613−0.5%
2008627+2.3%
2009618−1.4%
2010641+3.7%
2011656+2.3%
2012658+0.3%
2013670+1.8%
2014654−2.4%
2015664+1.5%
2016667+0.5%
2017656−1.6%
Sources: NWT Bureau of Statistics (2001–2017)[33]

In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Aklavik had a population of 536 living in 216 of its 274 total private dwellings, a change of -9.2% from its 2016 population of 590. With a land area of 12.29 km2 (4.75 sq mi), it had a population density of 43.6/km2 (113.0/sq mi) in 2021.[32]

Like most other NWT communities the majority of the population, 93.2%, is Indigenous. However, unlike other communities Aklavik has a large number of both First Nations, 33.9%, and Inuit, 53.4%, along with a small number of Métis, 4.2%, and non-Aboriginal, 8.5%.[2]

From 2006 to 2014 there were 94 births and 42 deaths in the community. In 2017, 14% of residents were 9 or under, 6.9% were from 10 to 14 years old, 14.2% were from 15 to 24, 30.9% were from 25 to 44, 20% were from 45 to 59, and 14% were 60 or older.[6] At the 2016 census the median age in Aklavik was 31.8, compared to 34.0 for the NWT and 41.2 for Canada as a whole.[2][34]

The crime rate for 2016 was 70.9 (per 1,000 persons) for violent crimes, and 200.9 (per 1,000 persons) for property crimes, both numbers below the average for the NWT of 78.4 and 206.6.[6] In 2015 the average income in the hamlet was C$33,826, compared to $61,909 for the NWT, and the average income for a family was $80,200, compared to $133,754 for the NWT, with 20.0% of all families earning less than $30,000.[6]

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ About Aklavik
  2. ^ a b c d e "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2016 and 2011 censuses – 100% data (Northwest Territories)". Statistics Canada. 8 February 2017. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  3. ^ a b "NWT Communities - Aklavik". Government of the Northwest Territories: Department of Municipal and Community Affairs. Retrieved 23 February 2018.
  4. ^ a b c "Northwest Territories Official Community Names and Pronunciation Guide". Prince of Wales Northern Heritage Centre. Yellowknife: Education, Culture and Employment, Government of the Northwest Territories. Archived from the original on 13 January 2016. Retrieved 13 January 2016.
  5. ^ a b Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e f "Aklavik – Statistical Profile (2006–2017)" (PDF). NWT Bureau of Statistics. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 August 2018.
  7. ^ a b Moose Kerr School at the Beaufort-Delta Education Council Archived 15 April 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ "Moose Kerr School at Windows Around the World". Archived from the original on 21 March 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2008.
  9. ^ a b c Northwestel phone directory
  10. ^ Nav Canada's Water Aerodrome Supplement. Effective 0901Z 26 March 2020 to 0901Z 22 April 2021.
  11. ^ "Inuvialuit Settlement Region". Archived from the original on 22 June 2015. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
  12. ^ Gwich'in Settlement Region Archived 24 September 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ "Inuvialuit Land Claim". Archived from the original on 22 August 2016. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
  14. ^ Corporate Structure Archived 29 January 2010 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ Gwich'in Arbitration Panel Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ "Ehdiitat Gwich'in Council". Archived from the original on 18 January 2011. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
  17. ^ GTC Chart (Governance) Archived 18 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ "People of Mackenzie River". Archived from the original on 8 August 2007. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
  19. ^ Iñuvialuktun/Inuvialuktun/Inuinnaqtun / ᐃᓄᐃᓐᓇᖅᑐᓐ
  20. ^ History
  21. ^ Northwest Territories Official Languages Act, 1988 Archived 24 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine (as amended 1988, 1991–1992, 2003)
  22. ^ "Aklavik A". Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Climate ID: 2200100. Archived from the original (CSV (3069 KB)) on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
  23. ^ Cappelen, John; Jensen, Jens. "Canada – Aklavik, Mackenzie District" (PDF). Climate Data for Selected Stations (1931–1960) (in Danish). Danish Meteorological Institute. p. 45. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 April 2013. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
  24. ^ "1976 Census of Canada: Population – Geographic Distributions" (PDF). Statistics Canada. June 1977. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  25. ^ "1981 Census of Canada: Census subdivisions in decreasing population order" (PDF). Statistics Canada. May 1992. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  26. ^ "1986 Census: Population – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions" (PDF). Statistics Canada. September 1987. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  27. ^ "91 Census: Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions – Population and Dwelling Counts" (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1992. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  28. ^ "96 Census: A National Overview – Population and Dwelling Counts" (PDF). Statistics Canada. April 1997. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  29. ^ "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Subdivisions (Municipalities), 2001 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data (Northwest Territories)". Statistics Canada. 15 August 2012. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  30. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (Northwest Territories)". Statistics Canada. 20 August 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  31. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2011 and 2006 censuses (Northwest Territories)". Statistics Canada. 25 July 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2022.
  32. ^ a b "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), Northwest Territories". Statistics Canada. 9 February 2022. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  33. ^ Population Estimates By Community from the GNWT
  34. ^ Profile, 2016 Census Aklavik, Hamlet (Census subdivision), Northwest Territories and Canada (Country)
  35. ^ "The Fellows: 1999." Archived 18 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine Eiteljorg Fellowship for Native American Fine Art. Accessed 4 May 2014.
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