Jean de Gisors: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Norman lord}} |
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According to the "Prieuré" documents '''Jean de Gisors''' was the first grand master of the [[Priory of Sion]], assuming his position after the "cutting of the elm" and the separation from the [[Knights Templar]] in [[1188]]. He was at least a nominal lord of the fortress of Gisors in [[Normandy]] - where meetings were traditionally convened between English and French kings and where, in 1188, a curious squabble did occur that involved the cutting of an elm. Until [[1193]] Jean was a vassal of the king of [[England]] - [[Henry II of England|Henry II]], and then [[Richard I]]. He also possessed property in England, in [[Sussex]], and the manor of Titchfield in [[Hampshire]]. According to the "Prieuré" documents he met with [[Thomas Becket|Thomas à Becket]] in [[1169]]. No independent record of this meeting survives, but Becket was at Gisors in 1169 and must have had some contact with the lord of the fortress. |
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'''Jean de Gisors''' (c. 1133–1220) was a [[Normans|Norman]] lord of the fortress of [[Gisors]] in [[Normandy]], where meetings were traditionally convened between [[England|English]] and [[France|French]] kings.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2008-06-12 |title=BS Foundations chapter 8 |url=http://www.oglethorpe.edu/faculty/~b_smith/ou/bs_foundations_chapter8.htm |access-date=2023-03-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080612192810/http://www.oglethorpe.edu/faculty/~b_smith/ou/bs_foundations_chapter8.htm |archive-date=2008-06-12 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tyler |first=Christopher W |date=2012 |title=The Chateau de Gisors:A Photo-Essay |url=https://christophertyler.org/CWTyler/AlicePDFs/gisors2.pdf |website=christophertyler.org}}</ref> It was here, in 1188, a squabble occurred that involved the [[Cutting of the elm|cutting of an elm]]. |
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Initially he was a vassal of the king of England - [[Henry II of England|Henry II]] and then [[Richard I of England|Richard I]]. During this time he also owned property in [[Sussex]] and the manor of Titchfield in [[Hampshire]] in England.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Parishes: Titchfield {{!}} British History Online |url=https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/hants/vol3/pp220-233#h3-0002 |access-date=2023-03-23 |website=www.british-history.ac.uk}}</ref> |
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Some time between 1170 and 1180 he purchased the manor of [[Buckland, Portsmouth|Buckland]], Hampshire from the de Port family.<ref name="thop">{{cite web |title=The History of Portsmouth |url=http://www.portsmouth-guide.co.uk/local/history/history3.htm |website=Portsmouth Guide |access-date=19 December 2021}}</ref> On this newly purchased land he founded the town of [[Portsmouth]] as one end of a trade route between England and France. The original settlement of Portsmouth was a planned town on a medieval grid pattern, of which other examples can be found in places like [[Salisbury]]. Much of this original grid pattern is still visible in the [[Old Portsmouth]] district of Portsmouth.<ref name="pcc">{{cite web |title=OLD PORTSMOUTH Conservation Area No 4 Guidelines for Conservation |url=https://www.portsmouth.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/development-and-planning-old-portsmouth-guidelines.pdf |website=Portsmouth City Council |access-date=19 December 2021}}</ref> |
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One of the first acts ordered by de Gisors in Portsmouth was the donation of land to the Augustinian canons of [[Southwick Priory]] so that they could build a chapel "to the glorious honour of the martyr Thomas of Canterbury, one time Archbishop, on (my) land which is called Sudewede, the island of Portsea", [[Thomas Becket]] having spent much time in Gisors. This foundation of the Church of St Thomas of Canterbury was to eventually become [[Portsmouth Cathedral]].<ref name="thop" /> |
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However the royal patronage of de Gisors was not to last, as after his support for an unsuccessful rebellion in Normandy in 1194 he paid the price by forfeiting all his lands, including Portsmouth, to [[Richard I]].<ref name="frith">{{cite web |title=Portsmouth History: The history of Portsmouth and specially selected photographs |url=https://www.francisfrith.com/uk/portsmouth/history |website=Francis Frith |access-date=19 December 2021}}</ref> |
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==In popular culture== |
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In [[conspiracy theories]], such as the one promoted in ''[[The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail]]'', Jean de Gisors has been alleged to be the first [[Priory of Sion#Alleged Grand Masters|Grand Master of the Priory of Sion]] (1188–1220). |
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==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20040805233644/http://www.portsmouth.history.cwc.net/Founding.htm The Founding of Portsmouth] |
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*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080724002350/http://www.paintedships.com/docks.asp Origins of Old Portsmouth] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Gisors, Jean De}} |
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[[Category:1130s births]] |
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[[Category:1220 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Anglo-Normans]] |
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[[Category:People from Portsmouth]] |
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Latest revision as of 21:35, 1 December 2024
Jean de Gisors (c. 1133–1220) was a Norman lord of the fortress of Gisors in Normandy, where meetings were traditionally convened between English and French kings.[1][2] It was here, in 1188, a squabble occurred that involved the cutting of an elm.
Initially he was a vassal of the king of England - Henry II and then Richard I. During this time he also owned property in Sussex and the manor of Titchfield in Hampshire in England.[3]
Some time between 1170 and 1180 he purchased the manor of Buckland, Hampshire from the de Port family.[4] On this newly purchased land he founded the town of Portsmouth as one end of a trade route between England and France. The original settlement of Portsmouth was a planned town on a medieval grid pattern, of which other examples can be found in places like Salisbury. Much of this original grid pattern is still visible in the Old Portsmouth district of Portsmouth.[5]
One of the first acts ordered by de Gisors in Portsmouth was the donation of land to the Augustinian canons of Southwick Priory so that they could build a chapel "to the glorious honour of the martyr Thomas of Canterbury, one time Archbishop, on (my) land which is called Sudewede, the island of Portsea", Thomas Becket having spent much time in Gisors. This foundation of the Church of St Thomas of Canterbury was to eventually become Portsmouth Cathedral.[4]
However the royal patronage of de Gisors was not to last, as after his support for an unsuccessful rebellion in Normandy in 1194 he paid the price by forfeiting all his lands, including Portsmouth, to Richard I.[6]
In popular culture
[edit]In conspiracy theories, such as the one promoted in The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail, Jean de Gisors has been alleged to be the first Grand Master of the Priory of Sion (1188–1220).
References
[edit]- ^ "BS Foundations chapter 8". 2008-06-12. Archived from the original on 2008-06-12. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
- ^ Tyler, Christopher W (2012). "The Chateau de Gisors:A Photo-Essay" (PDF). christophertyler.org.
- ^ "Parishes: Titchfield | British History Online". www.british-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
- ^ a b "The History of Portsmouth". Portsmouth Guide. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
- ^ "OLD PORTSMOUTH Conservation Area No 4 Guidelines for Conservation" (PDF). Portsmouth City Council. Retrieved 19 December 2021.
- ^ "Portsmouth History: The history of Portsmouth and specially selected photographs". Francis Frith. Retrieved 19 December 2021.